US3688740A - Apparatus for applying a non-slip coating to an enameled bathtub or the like - Google Patents

Apparatus for applying a non-slip coating to an enameled bathtub or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US3688740A
US3688740A US116076A US3688740DA US3688740A US 3688740 A US3688740 A US 3688740A US 116076 A US116076 A US 116076A US 3688740D A US3688740D A US 3688740DA US 3688740 A US3688740 A US 3688740A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mask
applying
slip coating
cup
enameled
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US116076A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gunter Gesche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ahlmann-Carlshutte KG
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Ahlmann-Carlshutte KG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D13/00—After-treatment of the enamelled articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/08—Flame spraying
    • B05D1/10—Applying particulate materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/32—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials using means for protecting parts of a surface not to be coated, e.g. using stencils, resists
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
    • C23D5/02—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers by wet methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
    • C23D5/06—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers producing designs or letters

Definitions

  • the refractory substance which is in a paste-like or liquid initial condition, is melted in a gas/oxygen combustion flame while being sprayed-on to the cold or hot bottom of the tub.
  • the enamel of the tub bottom and the entire tub is in an already solidified condition while this process step is being carried out.
  • the enamel of the tub floor is and remains solidified notwithstanding such heating.
  • the refractory substance is melted in a hot gas/oxygen combustion flame emanating from the spraying apparatus; atomized by means of compressed air or an inert gas; and sprayed on to the enamel surface of the bottom of the tub while those regions of the tub inner wall and, in particular, the tub bottom, which it is not intended to make into a non-slip surface, are covered by a mask.
  • the fine particles of the paste-like or liquid refractory substance stick to the enamel layer of the tub bottom when impinging thereon and form a rough non-slip surface after solidification.
  • the refractory substance which has been heated to liquefaction in the gas/oxygen combustion flame is accompanied by a strong flow of relatively cold air or by a stream of inert gas, the enamel to which the coating is applied is insufficiently heated to cause melting of the enamel, and the smoothing. of the surface which would be connected therewith is thus avoided.
  • the refractory substance may be sprayed on to a base enamel as well as to a covering enamel, in the manner as described above, and it does not matter in this connection whether the covering enamel was applied by a wet or a dry process.
  • the term refractory substance includes such substances as do not melt at a temperature of up to approximately 1,500C and which are resistant against slag formation, decomposition by gases, vapors, acid, and which are in addition resistant to abrasion and changes in temperature.
  • a refractory substance for the purposes of the formation of a non-slip coating on the bottom of an enameled bathtub or shower tray, there is sprayed-on as a refractory substance at least one metal oxide and/or a ceramic material and pure clay, respectively, or enamel powder. It is convenient to select a substance which is also a component of the enamel, but other substances may be employed instead.
  • the refractory substance is built-up like an enamel, it will include on the one hand glass-forming substances and, on the other hand, auxiliary substances.
  • the glassforming substances include, in particular, quartz and feldspar.
  • boric acid borax, Na O (in the form of soda or saltpetre), K (in the form of potassium nitrate or potash), lead oxide, or alumina, for example, the softening point of the substance is reduced to approximately 600 to 700C.
  • Auxiliary substances which may be used include adhesives, opacifiers, and colorants or pigments. These will often be metal oxides.
  • the composition of the refractory substance may vary within wide limits and has to be fixed more particularly in accordance with the well known basic concepts for an enamel mixture for enameling tubs of cast iron or steel.
  • the non-slip surface of a bathtub or shower tray must be a certain size to be able to meet fundamental requirements.
  • the minimum size overall is at least double the area covered by a foot.
  • the non-slip surface is subdivided into a plurality of individual areas spaced from one another by a mask having openings each separately defined by an open-ended cuplike element made of a thermally conductive material resistant to heat and oxidation, said cup-like element being adapted to make line-contact with the surface to be coated at one open end and having an internal crosssectional area which defines the individual area to be coated, the internal cross section of said element increasing from said one end toward its other open end, at least over a part of the depth of the cup.
  • the practice of the invention commences when this mask is placed on the enameled bottom of a bathtub or shower tray made of steel or cast iron.
  • This subdivision of the non-slip surface by a plurality of cups designed in the manner above described substantially reduces the total area to be coated.
  • labor costs are decisively reduced in that only the individual areas defined by the cups are sprayed with a non-slip coating, one after the other, with the aid of a gas/oxygen combustion flame to which the areas are exposed by the individual cups.
  • the bottom area to be sprayed at one time is considerably reduced in this manner, so that uniformity of the non-slip coating is also improved within the area.
  • the amount of refractory substance which has to be used for the provision of the entire non-slip coating is considerably reduced.
  • the liquefaction of the non-slip coating may be achieved not only with the aid of a gas/oxygen combustion flame but also with the aid of the plasma flame spraying process in which the liquefaction of the refractory substance is achieved by means of an electric are.
  • these spraying processes it is easy to reach higher temperatures than with the gas/oxygen combustion flame, so that in performing the invention this spraying process also allows the use of refractory substances or mixtures of substances which liquefy only at relatively high temperatures or ranges of temperatures.
  • the individual cups designed in accordance with the invention lie perfectly against the inner wall of the tub bottom around the whole of their end peripheries; there is thus brought about a clear definition of the individual area that has been made into a non-slip surface, with no shadows appearing. It results from the wedge-shaped or cone-shaped design of the cup that heat is quickly dissipated from the line of abutment with the tub, so that no discolorations occur at the transition point from the individual non-slip areas to the enamel, as may be caused by chemical reactions in the form of an oxidation or reduction.
  • the mask cups are wholly prevented from sticking because the heat supplied from a spray type burner and the hot particles of the refractory substance is quickly dissipated from the line of abutment along which each cup is in contact wit the bottom of the tub.
  • the wedge or cone angle for the cup is preferably of the order of about 40.
  • the inside of the cup is to widen upwardly, that is from the line contacting the bottom of the tub, in order to facilitate the supply of particles of a more or less liquid refractory substance at the top of the cup.
  • the outer surface of the cup must leave the line of abutment sharply enough to avoid discoloration or the formation of a shadow or even sticking phenomena in the region of this line.
  • the angle which is included between the lower end edge of the cup and the bottom of the tub advantageously should be about- 15. Taking into consideration the preferred wedge angle as stated above this will result in an inclination of about 35 of the internal cup surface with respect to the vertical.
  • the material of the cup is also of significance. Cups of brass with a copper content of about 60 percent, for example, and polished on the inside have proved to be very useful. Brass has a sufficient thermal conductivity and is sufficiently heat-resistant at the temperatures to be taken into consideration. At these temperatures, the usual brass alloys are not given to either oxidation or reduction, certainly in connection with particles of a refractory substance sprayed-on under high temperatures. Chromium-plated steel cups may'also be used instead of brass. Chromium-plating may be recommended in order on the one hand to prevent a chemical reaction between the steel and the refractory substance subjected to high temperatures and on the other hand to increase the heat resistance of the cup.
  • Apparatus to carry out the invention is characterized by a plurality of cups arranged in a mask which extends approximately over the entire region of the tub floor which it is intended to make into a non-slip area and has means for its detachable fastening at an approximately constant spacing from the bottom of the tub.
  • This device ensures at the same time a releasable positioning of all the cups which are provided for generation of the individual areas of non-slip coating.
  • the entire non-slip coating is produced by successively spraying the inner surfaces of the individual cups,
  • all the cups are arranged in the mask in a manner to be loosely displaceable approximately normally, i.e. vertically, with respect to the bottom of the tub.
  • the individual cups automatically fall into contacting engagement with the bottom of the tub under the influence of their own weights, in spite of the differences inspacing between the mask surface and the bottom of the tub which result from manufacturing inaccuracies.
  • the individual cups may be slightly indented before starting to spray-on the non-slip coating, in order to ensure that their lowermost line is in sound contact with the bottom of the tub.
  • each cup is provided with a flange which is arranged to be loosely movable between two mask walls spaced from each other and which may be designated as outer and inner walls.
  • These flanges do not have to be in the form of collars; the flanges only need to be provided in the form of projections arranged symmetrically with respect to the cup-like element. Three projections, for example, uniformly distributed about the circumference and offset from each other by will suffice.
  • the mask is supported in the tub .with the aid of a leg penetrating into the water outlet of the tub and guided therein, and two laterally projecting adjustable supports, said supports contacting the side wall of the tub. It is to be recommended to cover the leg and the supports or at least the leg or the supports with a resilient material, such as rubber, in particular.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a mask designed in accordance with the invention for the production of a non-slip bottom surface of a built-in bathtub;
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view taken on the mask of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on line IIIIII OF FIG. 1, on a slightly enlarged scale;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view taken on line IV- IV of FIG. 2, likewise on a slightly enlarged scale;
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on a built-in bathtub with fitted mask according to FIGS. 1 to 4, on a slightly reduced scale;
  • FIG. 6 is a transverse sectional view of the tub according to FIG. 5, taken on line Vl--Vl of this Figure;
  • FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a mask designed in accordance with the invention for the production of a non-slip coating on a shower tray of square base cross-sectional area, taken on line VIl VII of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 8 is a top plan view taken on the mask of FIG. 7, with the outlines of the pertaining shower tray partly shown in dash-dotted lines;
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the shower tray and the pertaining mask in accordance with line X of FIG. 8, on a reduced scale;
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the shower tray and the pertaining mask taken on line XI-XI of FIG. 8.
  • the mask of FIGS. 1 to 6 is generally designated 1 and consists of an upper mask wall 2 and a lower mask wall 3, which are kept at a distance from each other by means of screw nuts 4 and spacers 5.
  • the mask walls 2 and 3 are both trapezoidal in plan form corresponding to the cross section of that portion of the built-in bathtub which faces towards the outlet opening.
  • Both mask walls consist of sheet metal, preferably of steel sheet or brass sheet metal.
  • Both mask walls 2 and 3 are in addition slightly curved transversely of the built-in bathtub, i.e. in the direction of the cross-sectional area of FIG. 3.
  • upper mask wall 2 is provided with a circumferentially extending outwardly inclined rim 6 while the lower mask wall 3 extends circumferentially, having no margin, and only covers below the corresponding surface of the upper mask wall 2.
  • the mask walls serve to accommodate a plurality of masking cups 7.
  • These cups consist of brass, for example, and are conically shaped with a concentric axis 8 for the internal and external walls. To carry the invention into practice, however, a concen-. tric design of the cups is not essential.
  • the cup 7 is provided with an inner cone 9 which in this example has a cone angle of Anouter cone 10, which in the example has a cone angle of intersects the inner cone 9 on a circular line 1 1. It is on this circular line 1 1 that each individual cup is supported on the bottom surface of the wall which is to be provided with a nonslip coating.
  • the cup 7 is in addition provided with a cylindrical outer wall' 12 from which there extends a collar 13; this collar 13 locates each cup between the two mask walls, 2, 3, in that the mask walls are provided with openings axially aligned with respect to each other, said openings being of diameter slightly greater than the cylindrical outer diameter of the cup. In this manner, each cup may have its circular line 11 soundly contacting the bottom of the tub even through the entire mask may not be exactly adapted to the configuration of the bottom of the tub.
  • the two cone angles of 70 and 150 insure that the wedge cross-sectional areas which are formed by the two cones extend from the bottom wall of the tub at an angle of 15. Both cone angles may be varied. It is not necessary to generate both cones by a straight line, what is important, however, is that the individual cups are essentially adapted to make line contact with the bottom of the tub and that the cup wall comprises a wedge-shaped enlargement beginning at this line, in order to dissipate the heat concentration forming along this line as quickly as possible.
  • the mask 1 is provided with a leg 14 at one of its ends, namely its narrow end, said leg being provided with a conical extension 15 towards its lower end and fastened at the mask 1 by means of a screw 16, for example.
  • This leg 14 consists of a plastically resilient but mechanically solid synthetic material. In the example of embodiment it consists of a synthetic material marketed under the trademark Pevolon.
  • the leg 14, 15 is intended to penetrate to a considerable extent into the outlet 34 of the tub 17, thus fixing and centering the mask 1 on the drain side.
  • On the other side of the mask there are provided two adjusting screws 18 disposed opposite each other, each screwed into a nut 19, said nuts being each fastened in a respective holder 20 extending above the rim 6 of the mask.
  • the free end of the screw 18 is provided with a supporting head 21 which is designed as a cap of plastically elastic synthetic material such as rubber, for example.
  • the mask handles 22 are provided on either side.
  • the mask may be easily fitted and fixed in a tub the dimensions of which are generally adapted to the mask. As the side walls of the tub are diverging, the position of the mask may be easily adjusted also on the side of the adjusting screw 18 by adjustment of the caps 21. It is impossible to damage the tub by the leg 14 or the caps 21.
  • the adjusting screws 18 determine the transverse position-of the mask. While in the vertical position the mask is exclusively retained due to the leg 14 being centered in the outlet of the tub. All the cups 7 are supported on the bottom of the tub. The operational step of spraying on the non-slip substance through the cups takes place with the tub in an approximately vertical position (70 to 80). The foot end of the bathtub is on top.
  • a mask for a shower tray 35 designed in accordance with the invention has a square base surface.
  • the masking cups 7 are designed completely in conformity with the cups described above.
  • the upper mask wall 23 is again provided with a circumferentially extending rim 27.
  • a leg 14 has its conical extension fastened by means of a screw 16 and engages within the outlet 28 of the shower tray, as will be seen from FIG. 10.
  • Two sheet metal supporting members 29, 30 serve to fasten the leg 14, and may be adjustably fastened to each other using elongated holes 31 and screw nuts 32.
  • the leg 14 is fastened to the one sheet metal carrier member 29, while the other sheet metal carrier member 30 is fastened at the upper mask wall 23. It is possible in this manner to use the mask for different shower trays and always to align the mask with the outlet. This is possible'with shower trays because as a rule they have an approximately plane base surface.
  • the two lateral supports are again each provided with a rubber cap arranged on the free end of a screw 18. The screw 18 is threaded into a nut which is fastened at a holder 33 fastened in turn at a corner of the upper mask wall 23 and extending upwardly therefrom.
  • the circular line 11 which lies on the bottom of the tub and in which the two cone areas intersect with each other has a diameter of 30 mm, so that the entire non-slip area consists of a plurality of non-slip coatings each having a diameter of 30 mm. This size has proved to be especially suitable for carrying the invention into practice.
  • Apparatus for applying a non-slip coating to an enameled surface on a metal base by spraying a refractory substance heated to liquefaction on the enameled surface comprising, in combination, a mask adapted to be disposed over the surface to be coated, and comprising a bottom defined by spaced superposed walls and a plurality of tubular heat conductive means through which the coating substance is applied to the enameled surface, each said means having an outer peripheral flange disposed between said walls whereby to provide for a lost motion in the axial direction of said tubular means upon contact with said enameled surface and whereb eac said means i divi uall o ient themselves, zi cooperativelely sharp annuiar edge of reduced crosssectional area defined on said heat conductive means defining that portion of said opening disposed adjacent the enameled surface and adapted to engage the enameled surface in substantially line contact, said heat conductive means having an increased cross-sectional area adjacent said annular edge defining a heat absorbing mass for drawing heat from
  • thermoconductive means for applying a non-slip coating to an enameled surface as in claim 1 wherein said heat conductive means comprises an annular cup formed of metal having an axis, inner and outer ends, an inner surface defining said opening and an annular outer surface intersecting said inner end, said inner and outer surfaces intersecting at said inner end defining said annular edge.
  • Apparatus for applying a non-slip coating to an enameled surface as in claim 1 mask positioning means defined on said mask for orienting said mask relative to the surface to be coated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
  • Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
US116076A 1970-12-17 1971-02-17 Apparatus for applying a non-slip coating to an enameled bathtub or the like Expired - Lifetime US3688740A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2062101A DE2062101C3 (de) 1970-12-17 1970-12-17 Verfahren zum stellenweisen Auf bringen eines rutschfesten Belages auf den Boden von emaillierten Bade oder Brause wannen aus Stahl oder Gußeisen und Vorrichtung zur Ausfuhrung des Ver fahrens

Publications (1)

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US3688740A true US3688740A (en) 1972-09-05

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US116076A Expired - Lifetime US3688740A (en) 1970-12-17 1971-02-17 Apparatus for applying a non-slip coating to an enameled bathtub or the like

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US (1) US3688740A (de)
BE (1) BE763370A (de)
DE (1) DE2062101C3 (de)
ES (1) ES388506A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2118423A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1303966A (de)
ZA (1) ZA711251B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4800838A (en) * 1987-09-28 1989-01-31 Fmc Corporation Frame fixture for camouflage painting
US4980240A (en) * 1989-04-20 1990-12-25 Honeywell Inc. Surface etched shadow mask
US5139610A (en) * 1989-04-20 1992-08-18 Honeywell Inc. Method of making a surface etched shadow mask
US5302205A (en) * 1992-09-14 1994-04-12 Priddy Robert V Nail hole filler
CN108085681A (zh) * 2017-12-05 2018-05-29 厦门欧圣斯科技有限公司 搪瓷淋浴装置的生产工艺

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US647088A (en) * 1899-06-24 1900-04-10 Daniel S Hammond Jr Paint-guard for vault-lights.
US1692920A (en) * 1924-12-29 1928-11-27 Erle K Baker Means for decorating articles
US1813390A (en) * 1931-07-07 X x x x x
US2395743A (en) * 1942-12-22 1946-02-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of making dry rectifiers
CA520800A (en) * 1956-01-17 W. Schell John Gas plating apparatus
US3226245A (en) * 1958-02-05 1965-12-28 Polymer Corp Coating method and apparatus
US3238918A (en) * 1961-12-26 1966-03-08 Lear Siegler Inc Vacuum deposition chamber for multiple operations
US3544790A (en) * 1968-03-01 1970-12-01 Western Electric Co An electron beam masking arrangement
US3545996A (en) * 1969-02-25 1970-12-08 Zero Manufacturing Co Method and apparatus for producing a decorative effect on stainless steel and other surface
US3577325A (en) * 1968-05-29 1971-05-04 Western Electric Co Method of reclaiming graphite mask
US3608518A (en) * 1970-04-01 1971-09-28 Alloys Unlimited Inc Stationary mask for continuous vapor deposition

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1813390A (en) * 1931-07-07 X x x x x
CA520800A (en) * 1956-01-17 W. Schell John Gas plating apparatus
US647088A (en) * 1899-06-24 1900-04-10 Daniel S Hammond Jr Paint-guard for vault-lights.
US1692920A (en) * 1924-12-29 1928-11-27 Erle K Baker Means for decorating articles
US2395743A (en) * 1942-12-22 1946-02-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of making dry rectifiers
US3226245A (en) * 1958-02-05 1965-12-28 Polymer Corp Coating method and apparatus
US3238918A (en) * 1961-12-26 1966-03-08 Lear Siegler Inc Vacuum deposition chamber for multiple operations
US3544790A (en) * 1968-03-01 1970-12-01 Western Electric Co An electron beam masking arrangement
US3577325A (en) * 1968-05-29 1971-05-04 Western Electric Co Method of reclaiming graphite mask
US3545996A (en) * 1969-02-25 1970-12-08 Zero Manufacturing Co Method and apparatus for producing a decorative effect on stainless steel and other surface
US3608518A (en) * 1970-04-01 1971-09-28 Alloys Unlimited Inc Stationary mask for continuous vapor deposition

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4800838A (en) * 1987-09-28 1989-01-31 Fmc Corporation Frame fixture for camouflage painting
US4980240A (en) * 1989-04-20 1990-12-25 Honeywell Inc. Surface etched shadow mask
US5139610A (en) * 1989-04-20 1992-08-18 Honeywell Inc. Method of making a surface etched shadow mask
US5302205A (en) * 1992-09-14 1994-04-12 Priddy Robert V Nail hole filler
CN108085681A (zh) * 2017-12-05 2018-05-29 厦门欧圣斯科技有限公司 搪瓷淋浴装置的生产工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA711251B (en) 1971-11-24
ES388506A1 (es) 1973-05-01
BE763370A (fr) 1971-07-16
DE2062101B2 (de) 1973-03-15
DE2062101A1 (de) 1972-06-22
FR2118423A5 (de) 1972-07-28
GB1303966A (de) 1973-01-24
DE2062101C3 (de) 1973-10-25

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