US3682162A - Combined electrode and hypodermic syringe needle - Google Patents

Combined electrode and hypodermic syringe needle Download PDF

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Publication number
US3682162A
US3682162A US882314A US3682162DA US3682162A US 3682162 A US3682162 A US 3682162A US 882314 A US882314 A US 882314A US 3682162D A US3682162D A US 3682162DA US 3682162 A US3682162 A US 3682162A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrodes
needle
hypodermic needle
hypodermic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US882314A
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English (en)
Inventor
John E Colyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wellcome Foundation Ltd
Original Assignee
Wellcome Foundation Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU47787/68A external-priority patent/AU444665B2/en
Application filed by Wellcome Foundation Ltd filed Critical Wellcome Foundation Ltd
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Publication of US3682162A publication Critical patent/US3682162A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
    • A61N1/0502—Skin piercing electrodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A61B5/283—Invasive
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/294—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for nerve conduction study [NCS]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/42—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for desensitising skin, for protruding skin to facilitate piercing, or for locating point where body is to be pierced
    • A61M5/427—Locating point where body is to be pierced, e.g. vein location means using ultrasonic waves, injection site templates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/36014—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes
    • A61N1/36021—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes for treatment of pain
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/36014—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes
    • A61N1/36017—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes with leads or electrodes penetrating the skin

Definitions

  • hypodermic needle for connection with a hypodermic syringe attachment and which comprises at least two electrode elements, an inner one of which conveys fluid as a conventional hypodermic needle and the two of which combine as a probe having a tipend stimulation zone when connected with an electri cal supply.
  • hypodermic needle consisting of at least two electrode elements which are separately connectable to an electrical supply, an inner one of said electrodes comprising a hollow tubular electrode which is connectable with a hypodermic syringe attachment and the outer one of said electrodes being a hollow tubular electrode which is electrically insulated from said inner electrode.
  • separate electrodes may be located within the insulated space between the inner and outer electrodes and be separately connectable to, for example, electrical sensory-recording apparatus.
  • a needle in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention consists of two coaxial electrodes
  • the inner electrode has the appearance of a more orless conventional hypodermic needle.
  • the outer electrode is spaced coaxially from the inner electrode and is permanently separated therefrom along its full length by a suitable insulating material.
  • the outer electrode is also formed with a hub portion at its upper end.
  • the hub portions of the inner and outer electrodes are adapted to be separately connected through flexible leads with an electrical supply such as an electronic nerve locator/stimulator.
  • both the electrodes terminates in a common bevelled plane (which constitutes the tip of the needle) and the area defined by the inner and outer electrodes at this tip constitutes a stimulation zone.
  • a portion of the length of the outer electrode, intermediate its hub and lower end, may be encapsulated in a molded sleeve of sterilizable thermosetting plastic material, whereby the needle may be conveniently held by an anaesthetist during manipulation and fitting of the syringe attachment.
  • a molded sleeve of sterilizable thermosetting plastic material, whereby the needle may be conveniently held by an anaesthetist during manipulation and fitting of the syringe attachment.
  • Such sleeve may extend to and partially encapsulate the hub portion of the needle and be apertured to define terminal socket portions for electrical connectors to the hubs.
  • the outer electrode, or the exposed lower end thereof, may be coated with a material having a low coefficient of friction, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the needle is connected with an electronic locator/stimulator and inserted into a patient, and, by adopting well known techniques, precise location and identification of a sensory nerve or motor nerve may be achieved. Having located and identified a particular nerve, a hypodermic syringe is attached to the needle (while the needle remains in the patient) and a medicament injected as required. Alternatively, location and identification of a particular nerve may be performed with the syringe preattached to the needle.
  • the needle when connected (through flexible leads) with the locator/stimulator device described in the above referenced co-pending application, is inserted into the patient to approximately half the anticipated depth of the nerve to be located from the surface. Thereafter, the output potential of the locator/stimulator is adjusted to approximately 10 volts, and the-needle is advanced closer to the anticipated position of the nerve. A single pulse output from the locator/stimulator is then initiated to test for response to stimulation.
  • the voltage is then reduced below that point where no further response is demonstrated.
  • the needle/ electrode is then re-advanced and further tests are made for response to single pulse stimulation. This procedure is repeated until such time as a response can be evoked with a voltage pulse of approximately 1 volt amplitude.
  • the stimulating tip of the needle should be very close to the nerve to be, for example, blocked.
  • the needle/electrode is retained in position while further stimulation and physical examination is employed to confirm that a satisfactory nerve block has been achieved.
  • motor response to stimulation usually can be demonstrated by applying a potential of approximately 10 volts to the located nerve.
  • the needle/electrode above defined has obvious advantages in assisting in the reduction of the dosage of local anesthetic or other chemical agents, thus minimizing the risks of drug reaction. Further advantages lie in being able to block nerves which are difficult to locate, particularly deep nerves or those subject to wide anatomical variation, and in blocking specific nerve branches or fiber groups without impairing adjacent fibers.
  • FIG. 1 represents an exploded assembly elevation view of needle/electrode, hypodermic syringe and electrical connectors for the needle/electrode,
  • FIG. 2 is a magnified view of the encircled end of the needle/electrode of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 2A is a view, similar to that of FIG. 2, showing a modified form of the needle/electrode,
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged elevation view, partly in section, of the needle/electrode of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is a section of the needle/electrode taken along plane 4-4 of FIG. 3, and
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged elevation view, partly in section, of a modified form of the needle/electrode.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a needle/electrode denoted generally which is adapted to be secured in a conventional manner, by way of a Luer fitting, to lower end 11 of adispensing means, such as a hypodermic syringe attachment 12.
  • the needle/electrode 10 comprises two electrodes, as hereinafter described, and U-shaped electrical connector clips 13 are connectable to the respective electrodes.
  • the connector clips 13 are, in turn, electrically connectable through a two-core flex 14 with output terminals 15 of a locator/stimulator apparatus 16.
  • the needle/electrode 10 does, as abovementioned, consist of two coaxial electrodes 17 and 18 with each being formed of stainless steel.
  • the inner electrode 17 has a hub portion 19 (Le, a
  • the inner electrode 17 has the appearance of a conventional hypodermic needle.
  • the outer electrode 18 is spaced co-axially from the inner electrode 17 and the two electrodes are separated by a suitable insulating material 22.
  • the suitability of the insulating material 22 is dependent upon its insulating properties over the low voltages employed and upon its ability to withstand sterilization temperatures or sterilizing chemicals.
  • One material found suitable for the purpose is an epoxy resin.
  • the outer electrode is also formed with a hub portion 24 at its upper end which, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3, is similar to the hub portion'19 of the inner electrode, and it has a lower needle portion 25 having a smooth outer surface.
  • the outer electrode 18 has also the appearance of a conventional hypodermic needie.
  • a permanent connection is made between the hub portions 19 and 2 4 of the respective electrodes by an epoxy resin or a thermosetting plastic material.
  • the needle portions 20 and 25 of the electrodes 17 and 18 terminate in a common bevelled plane, which constitutes the tip 26 of the needle, and the area defined by the inner and outer electrodes at the tip constitutes a stimulation zone.
  • additional fine wire electrodes 27 may be located in the space between the inner and outer electrodes 17 and 18. Such electrodes 27 may be separately electrically connectable, at a point (not shown) between the hub portions 19 and 24 of the inner and outer electrodes, to electrical sensoryrecording apparatus v(also not shown) by way of a m lti-core flex.
  • FIG. 5 wherein the same reference numerals are employed to identify the like parts of the preceding figures, there is illustrated a needle/electrode which is in part encapsulated in a molded sleeve 28 of a sterilizable thermosetting plastic material.
  • the sleeve 28 extends over a major portion of the hub portions 19 and 24 of the two electrodes and for approximately half the length of the outer needle 25.
  • Terminal apertures 29 are molded in the sleeve in alignment with contact sockets 30 in the respective hubs for reception of resilient contact pins (not shown).
  • the needle/electrode may be conveniently handled as a probe prior to fitting of the syringe attachment 12.
  • a hypodermic needle comprising two hollow tubular electrodes, one electrode being disposed within the other, means electrically insulating the outer electrode from the innerelectrode, means disposed on one of the electrodes for attachment to a dispensing means, electrically conducting means on each electrode for connection to a power supply, and each electrode having a lower tip end, the tip ends of said electrodes terminating in a common plane.
  • hypodermic needle as claimed in claim 1 wherein said inner and outer electrodes are coaxial.
  • the hypodermic needle as claimed in claim 1 including at least one further electrode located within the insulating means between the inner and outer electrodes, and means electrically connecting the further electrode with an external apparatus.
  • hypodermic needle as claimed in claim 1 wherein the lower tip end of both the inner and outer electrodes terminates in a bevelled plane, with the inner and outer electrodes in said plane defining an intermediate stimulation zone.
  • hypodermic needle as claimed in claim 1 wherein the inner and outer electrodes both terminate in upper respective hub portions, with the hub portion of the inner electrode fitting within that of the outer electrode.
  • hypodermic needle as claimed in claim 1 including a molded sleeve of insulating material covering the needle over a portion of its length.
  • a hypodermic needle comprising two hollow tubular electrodes, one of said electrodes being disposed 7 within the other electrode in coaxial relationship,

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
US882314A 1968-12-13 1969-12-04 Combined electrode and hypodermic syringe needle Expired - Lifetime US3682162A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU47787/68A AU444665B2 (en) 1968-12-13 Combined electrode and hypodermic syringe needle

Publications (1)

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US3682162A true US3682162A (en) 1972-08-08

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US882314A Expired - Lifetime US3682162A (en) 1968-12-13 1969-12-04 Combined electrode and hypodermic syringe needle

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US (1) US3682162A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4922435B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE743027A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR6915056D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH502095A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1961856A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK120040B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2026069A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1291868A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IL (1) IL33519A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6918370A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE364444B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (205)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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BE743027A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-05-14
DK120040B (da) 1971-03-29
BR6915056D0 (pt) 1973-02-13
CH502095A (de) 1971-01-31
SE364444B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-02-25
IL33519A (en) 1973-08-29
JPS4922435B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-06-08
GB1291868A (en) 1972-10-04
FR2026069A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-11
NL6918370A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-06-16
DE1961856A1 (de) 1970-07-23
IL33519A0 (en) 1970-02-19

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