US3668831A - Furnace wall construction - Google Patents

Furnace wall construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US3668831A
US3668831A US880526A US3668831DA US3668831A US 3668831 A US3668831 A US 3668831A US 880526 A US880526 A US 880526A US 3668831D A US3668831D A US 3668831DA US 3668831 A US3668831 A US 3668831A
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United States
Prior art keywords
blocks
anchors
refractory
furnace
block
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Expired - Lifetime
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US880526A
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English (en)
Inventor
Larrie H Sweet
Nelson H Baker Jr
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Unifrax I LLC
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Carborundum Co
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Publication date
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Publication of US3668831A publication Critical patent/US3668831A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/04—Supports for linings

Definitions

  • a furnace lining wall is provided by securing refractory insulating blocks in place with refractory anchors having enlarged [56] References Cited heads fitting in depressions in the working face of the blocks UNITED STATES PATENTS and having shanks extending into the block and fastened by ties to the furnace frame. 2,341,777 2/1944 Hensel ..52/612 2,713,787 7/1955 Rose 2 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures PATENTEDJUH 1 3 I972 3. 668 831 INVENTOR5 LARR/EHSWEET ATTORNEY NELSON HBAKEBJR.
  • PATENTEDJun 13 I972 3. 668 831 sum 2 or 2 fi ff 3 7 FIG 4 INVENTORS LA/ZQ/E H. 5 W557 BY NELSON H BAKE/2, JR.
  • This invention relates to furnace wall construction and is particularly concerned with constructions utilizing relatively lightweight insulating refractory blocks for lining the walls and/or roof of a furnace having a frame that defines the shape thereof.
  • a simple, inexpensive, furnace wall construction is provided by the use of refractory anchors to hold refractory insulating blocks or bricks in place.
  • the bricks or blocks (as they will, for convenience, hereinafter be referred to) may be provided with depressions or dimples at spaced intervals for convenience in positioning the anchors.
  • the anchors which have enlarged heads, are mounted in holes formed in the blocks with the shanks of the anchors extending into the blocks but not through them and being removably secured to the frame of the furnace by suitable heat-resistant flexible ties.
  • the construction is particularly suitable for industrial furnaces where the material being heated does not touch the lining of the furnace.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation, partially broken away, of a portion of a furnace the roof and wall of which are lined with refractory blocks in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view, partly in section, of a refractory insulating block with a mounting anchor and tie therein;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a mounting anchor used in holding blocks in place according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of a refractory block according to the invention showing one of many possible arrangements of preformed depressions in the outer face thereof.
  • the pipes or tubes 11 constitute a portion of the frame 13 of a furnace and are held, by suitable attachment (not shown) to the girders 15, in desired spaced array, the girders also being part of the frame.
  • a shell or cover (not shown) is placed around the frame 13 when the furnace is in operation.
  • the walls of the furnace, including the roof, are formed from a plurality of juxtaposed refractory insulating blocks 17.
  • Each of the blocks 17 is secured to one of the pipes or tubes 1 1 of the frame 13 by at least one anchor 19 and a tie 21 associated therewith.
  • each of the anchors 19 comprises a shank 23 and an enlarged integral head 25.
  • the shank is of smaller cross section and greater length than the head.
  • the anchors 19 are formed of refractory ceramic material with a T-shaped head and a shank substantially square in cross section.
  • a hole 27 is provided through said shank adjacent the free end thereof.
  • the blocks 17 illustrated are composite ones with a working face or outer layer 31 of a heat-resistant refractory material and a body or backing layer 33 of an insulating material.
  • a plurality of laterally spaced depressions 35 are formed in the outer face 31 of each of the blocks a plurality of laterally spaced depressions 35. These may be of any shape which will accommodate the heads 25 of anchors 19, but are preferably circular in outline so that the heads do not require alignment during installation.
  • the depressions 35 may be spaced longitudinally of the blocks 17. If desired, more than one series of depressions may be provided in the faces of the blocks and, as shown, depressions or depressed areas 37 of semicircular or quadrantal shape may be provided along the edges of the blocks. Such depressed areas may be juxtaposed on adjacent blocks thereby facilitating installation of anchors 19 at selected positions along the edges of adjacent blocks.
  • a series of blocks are assembled with their refractory outer or working faces 31 aligned. Holes 41 large enough in cross section to receive the shanks 23 of anchors 19 are then formed, in any convenient manner such as by drilling or boring, in selected depressions 35 and/or in the depressions formed by matching depressed areas 37 on adjacent blocks. As shown in FIG. 2, the holes 41 are deep enough to permit seating of the heads 25 of the anchors 19 in the depressions 35 or 37, but preferably do not extend entirely through the blocks.
  • the wire is sufficiently stiff and the blocks are sufficiently soft as to permit the wires to be merely pushed through the blocks. If necessary, however, holes can be drilled for the ties.
  • the free ends of the ties 21 are then removably secured, as by wrapping and twisting, t0 the frame 13 of the furnace thus holding the blocks 17 firmly in place. The same process is then repeated with additional series of blocks until the lining of the furnace is completed. If desired, filler or spacer elements 43 of suitable refractory material are placed between the surfaces of adjacent blocks.
  • the wall construction of the present invention has been found particularly useful with composite, refractory insulating blocks comprising a front portion or working face of refractory material such as bonded ceramic fiber and a rear insulating portion of such material as bonded mineral wool, it will be understood that the invention is adapted for use with other types of refractory and/or insulating blocks and also with blankets or the like of refractory fiber material.
  • the novel anchors 19 of the present invention may vary in shape. Although conveniently and preferably formed as shown in the accompanying drawings they may, if desired, be formed with circular heads and/or with shanks of circular, triangular or other suitable cross section.
  • the shanks 23 may vary in length as required by the thickness of the refractory blocks with which they are used. It is important that the anchors be of less length than the thickness of the blocks.
  • the length or diameter of the heads of the anchors is preferably from two to three times the width, in cross section, of the shanks thereof.
  • the anchors should be rigid and made of material which is at least as refractory as the blocks or blanket with which they are used. Preferably they are produced by conventional ceramic procedures from high alumina or mullite mixes.
  • the ties 21 are conveniently and preferably formed of heatresistant wire but tie rods, provided with hooked ends, may be used instead if desired.
  • the holes for the anchors and ties are preferably formed in the blocks 17 as installation of the blocks progresses. It will, however, be understood that when desired the holes may be preformed either by molding them in the blocks or by predrilling them.
  • the present invention provides a simple construction for furnace lining walls and roofs.
  • the blocks employed may be of standard shapes and sizes, the only unusual feature being the preferred formation of depressions at spaced intervals in the working faces thereof. Such depressions do not, it is to be noted, detract from the usefulness of such blocks where the present novel supporting means is not used.
  • the use of such supporting means is also simple and requires only drills and a pair of pliers for twisting the tie wires.
  • Only the anchors are not common products and these, as can be readily seen, may be produced economically and will have a substantially unlimited life.
  • the heads of the anchors are embedded in the outer or working faces of the blocks so that a wall surface without projection is obtained.
  • a wall construction comprising a plurality of refractory blocks and separate means engaged with each of said blocks and with said frame for securing said blocks in place in said wall; said separate means comprising a plurality of rigid, substantially T- shaped anchors, said anchors being formed of refractory ceramic material and each including a head and an integral shank of smaller cross section and greater length than said head, at least one of said anchors being provided for each of said blocks and having its head embedded in the outer face of said block and its shank extending inwardly thereof and terminating within said block, each of said blocks having a depression in the outer face thereof into which the head of one of said anchors is received, and a flexible wire tie associated with each of said anchors, said tie having one end extending into said block from the inner face of said block and removably secured to the shank of said anchor and the other end removably secured to said frame.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
US880526A 1969-11-28 1969-11-28 Furnace wall construction Expired - Lifetime US3668831A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US88052669A 1969-11-28 1969-11-28

Publications (1)

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US3668831A true US3668831A (en) 1972-06-13

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US880526A Expired - Lifetime US3668831A (en) 1969-11-28 1969-11-28 Furnace wall construction

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US (1) US3668831A (https=)
BE (1) BE759553A (https=)
BR (1) BR7024216D0 (https=)
CA (1) CA933811A (https=)
DE (1) DE2057877A1 (https=)
FR (1) FR2072584A5 (https=)
GB (1) GB1305797A (https=)
NL (1) NL7017382A (https=)
SE (1) SE372621B (https=)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD344013S (en) 1992-03-02 1994-02-08 Transpave Inc. Key for building blocks
USD353894S (en) 1993-05-28 1994-12-27 Nelson Larry D Interlockable roof pipe support block
USD367329S (en) 1994-11-17 1996-02-20 Nelson Larry D Roof pipe support block

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2818751B2 (de) * 1978-04-28 1981-07-09 Karrena GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Decken- und Wandkonstruktion für Feuerungsräume
DE102023000034A1 (de) 2023-01-10 2024-07-11 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Hohl-Anker-Werkstoffverbund für Hochtemperaturanwendungen

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US25615A (en) * 1859-10-04 Steam-gage
FR693487A (fr) * 1930-04-07 1930-11-20 élément de construction
US1870568A (en) * 1929-04-13 1932-08-09 Detrick M H Co Furnace construction
US2341777A (en) * 1942-04-13 1944-02-15 Universal Oil Prod Co Insulating block
US2659325A (en) * 1939-04-19 1953-11-17 Veitsener Magnesitwerke Ag Suspended brick roof with flexible suspension means
US2713787A (en) * 1949-10-31 1955-07-26 Detrick M H Co Refractory wall section and method of making the same
US2909355A (en) * 1955-04-26 1959-10-20 David V Nelson Hanger
US3019561A (en) * 1958-03-10 1962-02-06 Porter Co Inc H K Flexible anchor arrangement for castable or plastic refractory and method for employing the same
US3132447A (en) * 1961-02-20 1964-05-12 Detrick M H Co Multiple support refractory arch and wall construction

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US25615A (en) * 1859-10-04 Steam-gage
US1870568A (en) * 1929-04-13 1932-08-09 Detrick M H Co Furnace construction
FR693487A (fr) * 1930-04-07 1930-11-20 élément de construction
US2659325A (en) * 1939-04-19 1953-11-17 Veitsener Magnesitwerke Ag Suspended brick roof with flexible suspension means
US2341777A (en) * 1942-04-13 1944-02-15 Universal Oil Prod Co Insulating block
US2713787A (en) * 1949-10-31 1955-07-26 Detrick M H Co Refractory wall section and method of making the same
US2909355A (en) * 1955-04-26 1959-10-20 David V Nelson Hanger
US3019561A (en) * 1958-03-10 1962-02-06 Porter Co Inc H K Flexible anchor arrangement for castable or plastic refractory and method for employing the same
US3132447A (en) * 1961-02-20 1964-05-12 Detrick M H Co Multiple support refractory arch and wall construction

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD344013S (en) 1992-03-02 1994-02-08 Transpave Inc. Key for building blocks
USD353894S (en) 1993-05-28 1994-12-27 Nelson Larry D Interlockable roof pipe support block
USD367329S (en) 1994-11-17 1996-02-20 Nelson Larry D Roof pipe support block

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2057877A1 (de) 1971-06-09
GB1305797A (https=) 1973-02-07
NL7017382A (https=) 1971-06-02
BE759553A (fr) 1971-05-27
CA933811A (en) 1973-09-18
SE372621B (https=) 1974-12-23
FR2072584A5 (https=) 1971-09-24
BR7024216D0 (pt) 1973-02-08

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AS Assignment

Owner name: KENNECOTT CORPORATION

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:BEAR CREEK MINING COMPANY;BEAR TOOTH MINING COMPANY;CARBORUNDUM COMPANY THE;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:003961/0672

Effective date: 19801230

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Owner name: KENNECOTT MINING CORPORATION

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:KENNECOTT CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004815/0036

Effective date: 19870220

Owner name: STEMCOR CORPORATION, 200 PUBLIC SQUARE, CLEVELAND,

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KENNECOTT MINING CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004815/0091

Effective date: 19870320