US3302356A - Furnace with metal link and refractory anchor member - Google Patents

Furnace with metal link and refractory anchor member Download PDF

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US3302356A
US3302356A US351429A US35142964A US3302356A US 3302356 A US3302356 A US 3302356A US 351429 A US351429 A US 351429A US 35142964 A US35142964 A US 35142964A US 3302356 A US3302356 A US 3302356A
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furnace
bracket
refractory
anchor
anchor body
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US351429A
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Hinchliffe Nevile William
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Morganite Inc
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Morganite Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/141—Anchors therefor
    • F27D1/142—Anchors made from ceramic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/141—Anchors therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to furnaces and provides an improved 'anchorage assembly for retaining a monolithic or brick-built refractory lining or Wall inside a furnace casing or equivalent furnace structure.
  • a monolithic refractory lining is made in situ by casting, moulding or ramming refractory material over thermal insulation on the inside surface of a furnace casing so as to form a heat-resistant covering on the inside surface of the urnace.
  • a brick-built lining is made from preforrned bricks which are built into a wall which lines thermal insulation on the turnace casing.
  • the present invention provides an anchorage which will securely retain a furnace lining in place whilst allowing for relative movement due to thermal dimensional change.
  • an anchorage assembly for a refractory lining of a furnace, comprises a refractory anchor body, with sides shaped to key with the refractory lining and having near one end thereof a transverse hole, and a metal link formed of at least two parts and pro- Viding a pair of substantially parallel limbs of which one limb can pass through the hole in the refractory anchor body with freedom for relative movement therein and the other limb can pass similarly through a corresponding hole in a bracket on the inside of the furnace casing or other structural furnace member.
  • the parallel limbs of the metal link can be inserted through the refractory anchor body and bracket holes when the anchor body is put in place during construction of the furnace lining. Once in place, the link retains the anchor body securely connected to the furnace casing but, the link limbs being movable in their respective holes, the anchor body has freedom for small relative movement due to differential thermal dimensional change when the furnace is first heated and thereafter in use of the furnace.
  • FIG. 1 is an sometric view of an anchorage assembly in a furnace Wall shown in fragmentary Cross-section
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation of part of the assembly of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional plan on the line III--III of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional plan, similar to FIG. 3, showing an alternative link construction and 3,3@2,356 Patented Fela. 7, 1967
  • FIG. 5 is another similar plan showing a further alternative link construction.
  • the part of a furnace wall shown by FIG. 1 consists of a sheet metal casing 1, a layer 2 of thermal insulating material and a monolithic lining 3 of refractory material anchored to the casing 1 by a so-called anchor tile 4.
  • This kind of furnace Wall is well known and the present invention is concerned only with' the anchorage of the lining to the furnace casing or Other part of the furnace structure, for example beams or joists of furnace ceilings or bearers of furnace arches.
  • the anchor tile 4 shown in FIG. 1 has its sides grooved, as indicated at 5, to key with the refractory lining 3, in accordance with known practice in furnace construction.
  • Other forms of refractory anchor bodies could be used, for example tiles of Wedge shape or With serrated sides to key with the lining 3.
  • a refractory anchor tile or Other anchor body need be provided only with a transverse hole near its inner end, such a hole being shown at 6 in the tile 4.
  • the metal link shown in FIGS. l, 2 and 3 consists of a pair of U-shaped metal rods 7 which, with their limbs opposed, together make up a substantially rectangular loop and are inserted, from opposite sides, respectively into the hole 6 in the anchor tile 4 and a hole 8 through a bracket 9 on the inside of the urnace casing 1.
  • the ends of the twoU-shaped rods 7 meet, or almost meet, to form conjointly one limb through the anchor tile 4 and other limb through the bracket 9.
  • the two rods 7, after insertion may be held together by an intermediate tie spanning between their bends, such as the wire tie 10 shown in FIG. 3.
  • Such a tie is not essential because the material of the layer 2, shaped to define a closely surrounding recess, prevents escape of the rods 7 after installation.
  • FIG. 4 An alternative form of link s shown by FIG. 4 and comprises one long U-shaped metal rod 11 the limbs of which are inserted completely through the holes of the anchor tile 4 and bracket 9.
  • the link is completed by the ends of the limbs, after insertion, being interconnected by a metal keeper plate Or bar 12 with holes through which split ends of the rod lll are passed and spread as shown at 13.
  • FIG. 5 A further alternative form of metal link is shown by FIG. 5 and consists of a pair of straight metal rods 14 which are separately inserted through the anchor tile and bracket holes and then joined at their ends by a pair of metal keepers 15, like the keeper 12 of FIG. 4.
  • the ends of the rods 14 are shown split, like split pins or cotters before they are spread.
  • the bracket 9 on the furnace casing in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5, consists of a channel-section plate or bar welded or otherwise secured by the edges of its side flanges or walls to the furnace casing so that it forms a sleeve bracket on the urnace casing.
  • a bracket could be made up by two or more U-bolts or like members secured to the furnace casing, like staples in line, for insertion through them of the respective limb of the link retaining the anchor tile.
  • Such a bracket consisting of two U-shaped members 16 s shown in FIG. 4.
  • brackets are provided on the inside of the furnace casing at suitable spaced locations and exposed to the inside through recesses in the thermal insulation layer 2 on the casing 1.
  • the anchorage assemblies can be incorporated in a refractory lining during the construction thereof in any way which suits the method of construction employed.
  • each respective anchor tile 4 is then connected to its bracket by insertion of the limbs of its link through the anchor tile and bracket holes and the anchor tile is then embedded in the refractory lining material 3.
  • the link facilitates embedding of the anchor tile in place because it provides a movable retainer for the anchor tile permitting the anchor tile to be pressed down into refractory lining material Which has been placed up to or even somewhat above the level of the bracket.
  • the brickwork can be carried out leaving a space around each bracket on the urnace casing. Through such space there is access to the respectve bracket for assembly of an anchor tile and its loop link to the bracket and the anchor tile Can then be embedded in the Wall by refractory Cement or filling material, With or Without further brickwork, to fill in the space in the brick-built Wall.
  • the lining bricks around each bracket location are of Wedge shape or have tapered sides so as to provide an inWardly divergent space for key-embedding of the anchor tile.
  • an anchorage assembly for a refractory lining of said structure, said assembly comprising a refractory anchor body having sides shaped to key With the refractory lining and having a transverse hole near one end of said anchor body, a bracket on the inside of said structure and having a hole substantially parallel to said hole in said anchor body and metal link means connecting said anchor body to said bracket, said link means being composed of at least two parts providing a pair of substantially parallel limbs extending respectively through said hole in said anchor body and said hole in said bracket With freedom of relative movement therein.
  • said link means consists of a pair of U-haped metal rods of Which the limbs extend, from opposite sides respectively, into said holes in said anchor body and said bracket respectively, said rods together making up a substantially rectangular loop.
  • said link means consists of One long U-shaped metal rod of which the limbs extend completely through said holes in said anchor body and said bracket respectively and a metal keeper secured across the ends of said limbs.
  • said link means consists of a pair of straight metal rods Which eX- tend respectively completely through said holes in said anchor body and said bracket respectively and a pair of metal keepers secured respectively across the opposite ends of said pair of rods.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Description

F 1967 N. w. HINCHLIFFE & 3
FURNACE WITH METAL LINK AND REFRACTORY ANCHOR MEMBER Filed March 12, 1964 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 l\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\I \\\\\\\\\\\l United States Patent O 3,302,356 FURNACE WITH METAL LINK AND REFRACTORY ANCHOR MEMBER Nevile William Hinchlifie, Chester, England, assignor to Morganite lncorporated, Long Island City, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed Mar. 12, 1964, Sei. No. 35l,429 Claims priority, application Great Britain, Mar. 22, 1963, 11,418/63 4 Claims. (Cl. 52-509) This invention relates to furnaces and provides an improved 'anchorage assembly for retaining a monolithic or brick-built refractory lining or Wall inside a furnace casing or equivalent furnace structure.
In known furnace construction, a monolithic refractory lining is made in situ by casting, moulding or ramming refractory material over thermal insulation on the inside surface of a furnace casing so as to form a heat-resistant covering on the inside surface of the urnace.
A brick-built lining is made from preforrned bricks which are built into a wall which lines thermal insulation on the turnace casing.
With either type of construction, monolithic or brickbuilt, it is necessary to provide a secure anchorage between the refractory lining and the furnace casing. Various types of met-al anchors have been used for this purpose, usually involving embedding metal parts in a monolithic lining or using metal clamps or other anchor members embracing parts of so-called anchor tiles embedded in a monolithic lining or incorporated in a brick-built lining.
Existing anchorages are not entirely satisfactory, not allowing for relative movement which takes place during heating and Cooling of furnace parts, such as between the refractory lining and urnace casing, with the result that strains may occur with consequent fracture of anchor tiles or other parts of the refractory lining.
The present invention provides an anchorage which will securely retain a furnace lining in place whilst allowing for relative movement due to thermal dimensional change.
According to the invention, an anchorage assembly, for a refractory lining of a furnace, comprises a refractory anchor body, with sides shaped to key with the refractory lining and having near one end thereof a transverse hole, and a metal link formed of at least two parts and pro- Viding a pair of substantially parallel limbs of which one limb can pass through the hole in the refractory anchor body with freedom for relative movement therein and the other limb can pass similarly through a corresponding hole in a bracket on the inside of the furnace casing or other structural furnace member.
Being made in at least two parts, the parallel limbs of the metal link can be inserted through the refractory anchor body and bracket holes when the anchor body is put in place during construction of the furnace lining. Once in place, the link retains the anchor body securely connected to the furnace casing but, the link limbs being movable in their respective holes, the anchor body has freedom for small relative movement due to differential thermal dimensional change when the furnace is first heated and thereafter in use of the furnace.
The invention will be further described with reference, :by way of example, to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is an sometric view of an anchorage assembly in a furnace Wall shown in fragmentary Cross-section,
FIG. 2 is a side elevation of part of the assembly of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a sectional plan on the line III--III of FIG. 2,
FIG. 4 is a sectional plan, similar to FIG. 3, showing an alternative link construction and 3,3@2,356 Patented Fela. 7, 1967 FIG. 5 is another similar plan showing a further alternative link construction.
The part of a furnace wall shown by FIG. 1 consists of a sheet metal casing 1, a layer 2 of thermal insulating material and a monolithic lining 3 of refractory material anchored to the casing 1 by a so-called anchor tile 4. This kind of furnace Wall is well known and the present invention is concerned only with' the anchorage of the lining to the furnace casing or Other part of the furnace structure, for example beams or joists of furnace ceilings or bearers of furnace arches.
The anchor tile 4 shown in FIG. 1 has its sides grooved, as indicated at 5, to key with the refractory lining 3, in accordance with known practice in furnace construction. Other forms of refractory anchor bodies could be used, for example tiles of Wedge shape or With serrated sides to key with the lining 3. For employment in an anchorage assembly in accordance with the present invention, a refractory anchor tile or Other anchor body need be provided only with a transverse hole near its inner end, such a hole being shown at 6 in the tile 4.
The metal link shown in FIGS. l, 2 and 3, consists of a pair of U-shaped metal rods 7 which, with their limbs opposed, together make up a substantially rectangular loop and are inserted, from opposite sides, respectively into the hole 6 in the anchor tile 4 and a hole 8 through a bracket 9 on the inside of the urnace casing 1. The ends of the twoU-shaped rods 7 meet, or almost meet, to form conjointly one limb through the anchor tile 4 and other limb through the bracket 9. The two rods 7, after insertion, may be held together by an intermediate tie spanning between their bends, such as the wire tie 10 shown in FIG. 3. Such a tie is not essential because the material of the layer 2, shaped to define a closely surrounding recess, prevents escape of the rods 7 after installation.
An alternative form of link s shown by FIG. 4 and comprises one long U-shaped metal rod 11 the limbs of which are inserted completely through the holes of the anchor tile 4 and bracket 9. The link is completed by the ends of the limbs, after insertion, being interconnected by a metal keeper plate Or bar 12 with holes through which split ends of the rod lll are passed and spread as shown at 13.
A further alternative form of metal link is shown by FIG. 5 and consists of a pair of straight metal rods 14 which are separately inserted through the anchor tile and bracket holes and then joined at their ends by a pair of metal keepers 15, like the keeper 12 of FIG. 4. The ends of the rods 14 are shown split, like split pins or cotters before they are spread.
The bracket 9 on the furnace casing, in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5, consists of a channel-section plate or bar welded or otherwise secured by the edges of its side flanges or walls to the furnace casing so that it forms a sleeve bracket on the urnace casing.
Alternatively a bracket could be made up by two or more U-bolts or like members secured to the furnace casing, like staples in line, for insertion through them of the respective limb of the link retaining the anchor tile. Such a bracket consisting of two U-shaped members 16 s shown in FIG. 4.
For the construction of a furnace lining using the anchorage assemblies of the invention, brackets are provided on the inside of the furnace casing at suitable spaced locations and exposed to the inside through recesses in the thermal insulation layer 2 on the casing 1.
The anchorage assemblies can be incorporated in a refractory lining during the construction thereof in any way which suits the method of construction employed.
For example, in monolithic construction as shown in FIG. 1, refractory material is placed in situ in successive stages up to the level of each bracket. As each bracket level is reached, each respective anchor tile 4 is then connected to its bracket by insertion of the limbs of its link through the anchor tile and bracket holes and the anchor tile is then embedded in the refractory lining material 3. The link facilitates embedding of the anchor tile in place because it provides a movable retainer for the anchor tile permitting the anchor tile to be pressed down into refractory lining material Which has been placed up to or even somewhat above the level of the bracket.
In brick-built construction of a refractory lining, the brickwork can be carried out leaving a space around each bracket on the urnace casing. Through such space there is access to the respectve bracket for assembly of an anchor tile and its loop link to the bracket and the anchor tile Can then be embedded in the Wall by refractory Cement or filling material, With or Without further brickwork, to fill in the space in the brick-built Wall. Preferably, the lining bricks around each bracket location are of Wedge shape or have tapered sides so as to provide an inWardly divergent space for key-embedding of the anchor tile.
I claim:
1. In a furnace having a casing structure, an anchorage assembly for a refractory lining of said structure, said assembly comprising a refractory anchor body having sides shaped to key With the refractory lining and having a transverse hole near one end of said anchor body, a bracket on the inside of said structure and having a hole substantially parallel to said hole in said anchor body and metal link means connecting said anchor body to said bracket, said link means being composed of at least two parts providing a pair of substantially parallel limbs extending respectively through said hole in said anchor body and said hole in said bracket With freedom of relative movement therein.
2. A furnace according to claim 1, in Which said link means consists of a pair of U-haped metal rods of Which the limbs extend, from opposite sides respectively, into said holes in said anchor body and said bracket respectively, said rods together making up a substantially rectangular loop.
3. A furnace according to claim 1, in Which said link means consists of One long U-shaped metal rod of which the limbs extend completely through said holes in said anchor body and said bracket respectively and a metal keeper secured across the ends of said limbs.
4. A furnace according to claim 1, in Which said link means consists of a pair of straight metal rods Which eX- tend respectively completely through said holes in said anchor body and said bracket respectively and a pair of metal keepers secured respectively across the opposite ends of said pair of rods.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,622,369 3/1927 Clementson 52-584 X 1,759,07O 5/1930 Tengstedt 52-562 1,987,077 10/1934 Doyle et al. 52--379 1,998,733 4/1935 Pacific 52--573 X 2,l86,577 1/1940 Davey 52 487 2,273,898 2/1942 Short 52-379 X FOREIGN PATENTS 605 ,460 5 /1925 France. 1,l25,570* 7/1956 France. ],233,09O 5/1960 France.
FRANK L. ABBOTT, Primary Examner.
A. C. PERHAM, Assstant Examz'ner.

Claims (1)

1. IN A FURNACE HAVING A CASING STRUCTURE, AN ANCHORAGE ASSEMBLY FOR A REFRACTORY LINING OF SAID STRUCTURE, SAID ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A REFRACTORY ANCHOR BODY HAVING SIDES SHAPED TO KEY WITH THE REFRACTORY ANCHOR BODY HAVING A TRANSVERSE HOLE NEAR ONE END OF SAID ANCHOR BODY, A BRACKET ON THE INSIDE OF SAID STRUCTURE AND HAVING A HOLE SUBSTANTIALLY PARALLEL TO SAID HOLE IN SAID ANCHOR BODY AND METAL LINK MEANS CONNECTING SAID ANCHOR BODY TO SAID BRACKET, SAID LINK MEANS BEING COMPOSED OF AT LEAST TWO PARTS PROVIDING A PAIR OF SUBSTANTIALLY PARALLEL LIMBS EXTENDING RESPECTIVELY THROUGH SAID HOLE IN SAID ANCHOR
US351429A 1963-03-22 1964-03-12 Furnace with metal link and refractory anchor member Expired - Lifetime US3302356A (en)

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GB11418/63A GB1019198A (en) 1963-03-22 1963-03-22 Improvements in and relating to furnaces and furnace linings

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988009472A1 (en) * 1987-05-26 1988-12-01 Raimo Viertola Lining element and structure for heat treatment furnaces
EP0818662A2 (en) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-14 Refratechnik GmbH Support for monolithically lined furnace walls
US5862641A (en) * 1996-01-06 1999-01-26 Lea-Con, Inc. Kiln anchor
USD1048470S1 (en) * 2022-12-09 2024-10-22 Harbison Walker International Holdings, Inc. Refractory anchor brick

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202014005475U1 (en) * 2014-07-03 2015-10-06 Vhi Vertriebsgesellschaft Für Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe Und Industriebedarf Mbh Refractory lining and a fastening device therefor

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR605460A (en) * 1925-05-22 1926-05-27 F Labesse Ets Improvements to the equipment of the feet for the construction of furnaces or combustion chambers
US1622369A (en) * 1926-08-04 1927-03-29 Nils E Clementson Building block and wall
US1759070A (en) * 1929-06-05 1930-05-20 Karl H Tengstedt Element for masonry construction
US1987077A (en) * 1932-10-04 1935-01-08 Eastman Kodak Co Process of decolorizing cellulose nitrate
US1998733A (en) * 1934-04-03 1935-04-23 Arthur C Pacific Retaining means for fire walls of furnaces
US2186577A (en) * 1937-12-08 1940-01-09 George W Davey Furnace wall structure
US2273898A (en) * 1940-02-03 1942-02-24 Albert P Short Furace wall
FR1125570A (en) * 1955-05-03 1956-11-02 construction elements and devices for their assembly
FR1233090A (en) * 1959-04-29 1960-10-12 Savoie Electrodes Refract Method of establishing hanging walls, elements for its implementation, and installations thus obtained

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR605460A (en) * 1925-05-22 1926-05-27 F Labesse Ets Improvements to the equipment of the feet for the construction of furnaces or combustion chambers
US1622369A (en) * 1926-08-04 1927-03-29 Nils E Clementson Building block and wall
US1759070A (en) * 1929-06-05 1930-05-20 Karl H Tengstedt Element for masonry construction
US1987077A (en) * 1932-10-04 1935-01-08 Eastman Kodak Co Process of decolorizing cellulose nitrate
US1998733A (en) * 1934-04-03 1935-04-23 Arthur C Pacific Retaining means for fire walls of furnaces
US2186577A (en) * 1937-12-08 1940-01-09 George W Davey Furnace wall structure
US2273898A (en) * 1940-02-03 1942-02-24 Albert P Short Furace wall
FR1125570A (en) * 1955-05-03 1956-11-02 construction elements and devices for their assembly
FR1233090A (en) * 1959-04-29 1960-10-12 Savoie Electrodes Refract Method of establishing hanging walls, elements for its implementation, and installations thus obtained

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988009472A1 (en) * 1987-05-26 1988-12-01 Raimo Viertola Lining element and structure for heat treatment furnaces
US4955809A (en) * 1987-05-26 1990-09-11 Raimo Viertola Lining element and structure for heat treatment furnaces
US5862641A (en) * 1996-01-06 1999-01-26 Lea-Con, Inc. Kiln anchor
EP0818662A2 (en) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-14 Refratechnik GmbH Support for monolithically lined furnace walls
EP0818662A3 (en) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-28 Refratechnik GmbH Support for monolithically lined furnace walls
USD1048470S1 (en) * 2022-12-09 2024-10-22 Harbison Walker International Holdings, Inc. Refractory anchor brick

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DE1933710U (en) 1966-03-03
GB1019198A (en) 1966-02-02

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