US3654781A - Apparatus for the continuous extraction of water from flat material - Google Patents

Apparatus for the continuous extraction of water from flat material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3654781A
US3654781A US25415A US3654781DA US3654781A US 3654781 A US3654781 A US 3654781A US 25415 A US25415 A US 25415A US 3654781D A US3654781D A US 3654781DA US 3654781 A US3654781 A US 3654781A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
drum
belt
rollers
compression
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US25415A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bohuslav Plechac
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STATNI VYZHUMNY USTAV KOZEDELN
Original Assignee
STATNI VYZHUMNY USTAV KOZEDELN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by STATNI VYZHUMNY USTAV KOZEDELN filed Critical STATNI VYZHUMNY USTAV KOZEDELN
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3654781A publication Critical patent/US3654781A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
    • C14B1/26—Leather tensioning or stretching frames; Stretching-machines; Setting-out boards; Pasting boards
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B2700/00—Mechanical treatment or processing of skins, hides or leather in general; Pelt-shearing machines; Making driving belts; Machines for splitting intestines
    • C14B2700/07—Leather tensioning or stretching frames; Stretching-machines; Setting-out boards; Pasting boards; Fastening devices; Drying of leather

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Apparatus for the continuous extraction of water from flat material such as leather comprising a drum and at least one counter pressure roller contiguous therewith.
  • a permeable belt is arranged to run between the rollers to carry the material in contact with the surface of the drum.
  • the rollers are angularly positionable about the periphery of the drum, and the belt is adjustable in its envelopment of the drum.
  • the present invention relates to apparatus for the continuous extraction of water from flat material and in particular leather.
  • the tanning and drying steps cause the resultant leather to become saturated with water which before any subsequent operation must be drained and at least 40 percent of its moisture extracted. This may be accomplished through a variety of techniques whereby the surface water and the water retained by capillary action is removed from the leather. Small pieces of leather may be merely squeezed to obtain the above result, however, for large pieces of leather mechanical extracting means must be employed.
  • the material is pressed between a pair of hydraulic or screw actuated plates.
  • This technique is effective in batch operation but it requires an unnecessarily long working time and because the leather is not perfectly uniform, the efficient extraction of the water is difficult.
  • a rotary drum drying press is much faster and is capable of continuous operation.
  • the material is passed through a pair of opposed drum rollers pressed against each other.
  • Certain drawbacks occur.
  • An unusually high pressure is generally required to be exerted on the drums in order to remove the water within the interval of travel between them. This requires not only the great application of mechanical force upon the rollers but a high energy input to cause rotation of the drums.
  • the material is not uniform in thickness, great care and attention must be paid to the insertion of the leather between the drums.
  • An endless supporting band is sometimes provided to support the material as it enters and passes between the rolling drums.
  • This technique is effective in holding the material but requires a rather expensive band which is made from a felt material which must be carefully maintained during operation against tearing or other damage.
  • a felt band because of its stiffness, thickness and low porosity does not extract water from the leather at high speeds and with the use of such bands the apparatus must be run slower than usual. This reduction in the overall efficiency of the apparatus is often compensated by enlarging the active drying drum as well as other components of the machine to create a longer pressing interval. As a consequence the machine becomes more costly and complex.
  • An endless water permeable belt adapted to support the material contiguous to the surface of the drum is arranged to run between the drum and cooperating rollers.
  • the belt is provided with supporting idler rollers which are adjustable relative to the drum so that the belt may be caused to variably envelop the outer surface of the drum, thereby the length of the time the material is pressed between the drum can be predetermined.
  • each of the drums and the rollers are covered with a absorbent material such as a felt cloth or jute cover.
  • FIGURE represents a schematic view in side elevation of a drum type water extracting device embodying the principles of the present invention.
  • the apparatus comprises a rotary drum 1 of relatively large diameter which is freely mounted about an axle 2. Beneath the drum 1 are located a pair of counter pressure rollers 3 and 4, of smaller diameter. Each of the counter rollers 3 and 4 are arranged on their own axles 5 and 6 respectively which are connected to the axle 2 of the drum 1 by an inwardly directed constantly acting resilient actuator 7.
  • the actuator 7 may be mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic devices of a conventional nature providing a radially inwardly pulling force on the counter rollers 3 and 4 directed toward the center of the drum 1 which in operation may be somewhere between 10-150 Kp/cm.
  • the actuators 7 are provided with self-regulating devices so that the rollers 3 and 4 may accommodate varying thicknesses of material between them and the drum 1 while constantly maintaining the inward pressure at a sufficient level to efficiently extract the water.
  • the actuators 7 and the connecting rods, between the axle 2 and the roller axles 5 and 6, are adjustable angularly with respect to each other. That is, they are conventionally mounted to the axle 2 so that they can be arcuately moved, through an angle a, about the outer periphery of the drum surface. In this manner the pressure area between the respective rollers 3 and 4 and the active drum 1 can be selectively defined and predetermined.
  • Both the drum 1 and the counter rollers 3 and 4 are covered with an absorbent material 8 such as a felt cloth or jute covering. It is preferred that these coverings be in the nature of absorbent pads which when compressed act to withdraw the moisture retained within the leather. In this manner the drum 1 and the rollers 3 and 4 can be adapted to act both to squeeze and to suck out the water during travel of the material between it.
  • an absorbent material 8 such as a felt cloth or jute covering. It is preferred that these coverings be in the nature of absorbent pads which when compressed act to withdraw the moisture retained within the leather. In this manner the drum 1 and the rollers 3 and 4 can be adapted to act both to squeeze and to suck out the water during travel of the material between it.
  • a water permeable endless band 9 Located to run between the drum 1 and the counter rollers 3 and 4 is a water permeable endless band 9.
  • the band which is preferably permeable can be made of a strong woven or knit cloth, or of a metal sheet having holes or of a cloth or metal screen. Plastic material may also be used.
  • the band 9 is carried at either end over driving wheels 10 and over intermediate idler wheels 11 positioned on either side of the drum 1.
  • the idler wheels 11 are mounted on a conventional shaft and individually adjustable frame housings so as to be movable radially, inwardly and outwardly of the axle 2 of the drum 1 as well as in a direction parallel to a tangent to the surface of the drum 1.
  • the idler wheels 11 may be selectively positioned about the drum so as to lengthen the contiguous portions of the upper surface of the belt 9 and the surface of the drum 1, or to vary the envelopment of the band 9 about the drum 1, as may be seen from the dotted line position shown in the Figure.
  • the drive wheels are connected in conventional fashion to suitable means including a motor and gearing mechanism so that they can be driven in unison or individually to carry the belt in the direction shown by arrow A.
  • suitable means including a motor and gearing mechanism so that they can be driven in unison or individually to carry the belt in the direction shown by arrow A.
  • the return portion of the belt 9 preferably passes in contact with the lower tangential edge of the counter rollers 3 and 4 as clearly seen in the Figure.
  • the drive mechanism for the wheels 10 are also provided with adjustable control mechanisms so that the speed of the belt 9 can be increased or decreased as desired. Suitable interlocking mechanisms and automatic control systems between the drive means and the pressure actuators 7 may also be provided.
  • the belt 9 serves as a stretcher and carrier for the flat material 12 which, for preferable use of this apparatus, is leather.
  • the material is conventionally withdrawn from the water tanning or drying bath and rolled on to the upper surface of the belt 9 where it may be suitably flattened and stretched.
  • the belt 9 is moved in the direction of arrow A the material is carried into contact with the drum 1 and subsequently is pressed between the drum and the counter pressure rollers 3 and 4. Because of the structure of the belt the material moves in a secure and continuous path and is carried without any stress on the material (i.e., in a loose and slack condition) into the pressure contact area and in the manner as it was initially laid on the belt.
  • the belt 9 further functions to rotate the drums 1 and the counter pressure rollers 3 and 4 in the direction of the arrows B. Consequently separate drive means for the drum and/or counter rollers 3 and 4 are unnecessary although if desired they may be used.
  • the curved or convex face of the drum 1 when combined with the approaching belt 9, as positioned by the idler roller 1] establishes an advantageous condition for the smooth and soft entry of the flat material into the pressure area between the drum 1 and the pressure roller 3 preventing creasing of the flat leather material and maintain the material in stretched condition during the entire water extraction process. It is preferred that the force between the counter roller 3 and the drum 1 be maintained at such a degree as to permit the free passage of the material even though water is pressed from it.
  • the material passes from the roller 3, while still in contact with the drum 1, into the pressure area between the counter roller 4 and the drum 1. It is preferred that the pressure between the counter roller 4 and the drum 1 be maintained at a level substantially higher than that maintained at the initial pressure area between the counter roller 3 and the drum 1. This can be done because by the time the material reaches the area of counter roller 4 it has already been somewhat flattened and somewhat relieved of a large portion of the water so that a higher degree of pressure may be exerted upon it without fear of creasing or dislodging its position on the belt 9. After the material passes the pressure area of counter roller 4, it continues pressed along the surface of drum 1, being held there by the belt 9. This continues until the material moves over the exiting roller 11.
  • the speed at which it moves and the pressures of the counter rollers 3 and 4 the maximum amount of water may be extracted from the material in the shortest amount of time. It has been found under numerous occasions that the speed of the drum 1 (that is, the speed at which the operation can be accomplished) can be anywhere between 5-30 m per minute for most leather goods.
  • the water is extracted from the material primarily by the pressure of the counter rollers 3 and 4 against the main active drum 1, escaping through the holes in the permeable belt 9.
  • the use of a permeable strong and durable belt rather than an absorbent felt belt is advantageous, since it will, by itself, readily support the material and can be adapted so that it too acts to compress the material against the surface of drum 1.
  • Water also runs over the edges of the belt 9 and accumulates below the apparatus for discharge out of a suitable outlet.
  • the absorbent pad 8 located both about the drum 1 and the counter rollers 3 and 4 also act to absorb by capillary action moisture which lies on or rises to the surface of the material. This effect is enhanced by arranging the idler roller 11 on the exit side of the drum I in such a position that the belt 9 maintains a maximum contiguous length with the drum 1 increasing the effective length the absorbent pad 8 on the drum 1 is maintained against the material 12.
  • An additional advantage lies in the fact that the resilient connecting means between the axle hub 2 and the axles 5 and 6 are angularly positionable about the center of the drum 1 so that the counter rollers 3 and 4 may be spaced at selective positions about the periphery of the drum 1. In this manner they may be spaced from each other a more or less distance, enabling the contact surface between the belt 9 and the drum 1 and consequently the length of the arc during which the material 12 is compressed between the belt 9 and the surface of the drum 1 to be lengthened or shortened, as desired.
  • FIGURE drawn in schematic form.
  • This FIGURE omits from its conventional construction details such as the mounting of the wheels 10 and as well as their aforementioned drive means.
  • the drum 1 it has been noted, is of a large diameter, and it may be of an axial length chosen to accommodate particular material or of a size capable of accommodating a variety of materials. Its mounting details and those of the counter rollers are also omitted. It will thus be apparent that various structural details may be employed in the present invention and that various and numerous modifications may be made to them. It is accordingly the intention of this disclosure to be illustrative only of the principles of the invention and not limiting in any manner.
  • Apparatus for the continuous extraction of water from flat materials such as leather comprising a drum and at least one compression roler arranged contiguous to the drum, an endless water permeable belt supporting said material on its upper surface, said belt being arranged to run between said drum and said roller so as to compress the material between said drum and said belt, idler rollers supporting said belt in contiguous contact with a portion of the periphery of said drum, said idler rollers being selectively adjustable relation the exterior of said drum so as to vary the length of the contiguous'portion of said belt and thereby the length of time said material is located therebetween.
  • radial biasing means comprises variable resilient mechanism whereby the force exerted between each compression roller and the drum may be preselected.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US25415A 1969-04-17 1970-04-03 Apparatus for the continuous extraction of water from flat material Expired - Lifetime US3654781A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS272769 1969-04-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3654781A true US3654781A (en) 1972-04-11

Family

ID=5365176

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US25415A Expired - Lifetime US3654781A (en) 1969-04-17 1970-04-03 Apparatus for the continuous extraction of water from flat material

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3654781A (fr)
AT (1) AT300171B (fr)
DE (1) DE2010823A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2045387A5 (fr)
NL (1) NL7003927A (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2322201A1 (fr) * 1975-08-30 1977-03-25 Dokoupil Jiri Procede et dispositif pour essorer le cuir
US4111013A (en) * 1977-07-05 1978-09-05 Northern Conveyor & Manufacturing Corp. Method of and machine for removing oil from animal hides
US4425842A (en) 1981-05-01 1984-01-17 Cotton Incorporated High expression squeeze roll liquor extraction of nonwoven batts
US4434633A (en) 1981-05-01 1984-03-06 Cotton Incorporated High expression squeeze roll liquor extraction of nonwoven batts
US4455845A (en) * 1981-02-05 1984-06-26 Eduard Kusters Maschinenfabrik Apparatus for forming patterns in materials such as textile goods
US4888966A (en) * 1987-08-12 1989-12-26 Maschinenfabrik Moenus-Turner Gmbh Throughfeed sammying press
US6854301B1 (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-02-15 Albany International Corp. Extended nip press for the leather industry
IT202000003053A1 (it) * 2020-02-17 2021-08-17 Bergi S P A Macchina alternativa a rulli per la lavorazione delle pelli
US20230019709A1 (en) * 2019-12-20 2023-01-19 Rotacoat S.R.L. Roller leather finishing machine

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3831087A1 (de) * 1988-09-13 1990-03-22 Moenus Turner Maschf Lederbearbeitungsvorrichtung

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US77861A (en) * 1868-05-12 -peters
US598456A (en) * 1898-02-01 Cider-press
US619614A (en) * 1899-02-14 Method of and machine for expressing moisture from leather
US761878A (en) * 1903-05-11 1904-06-07 Mortimer E Cooley Vacuum-wringer.
US2365658A (en) * 1939-06-20 1944-12-19 American Voith Contact Co Inc Apparatus for the removal of water, liquors, or other liquids from soaked masses of fibrous materials
US3198695A (en) * 1963-02-14 1965-08-03 Beloit Corp Grooved press roll assemblies with a yankee drier

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US77861A (en) * 1868-05-12 -peters
US598456A (en) * 1898-02-01 Cider-press
US619614A (en) * 1899-02-14 Method of and machine for expressing moisture from leather
US761878A (en) * 1903-05-11 1904-06-07 Mortimer E Cooley Vacuum-wringer.
US2365658A (en) * 1939-06-20 1944-12-19 American Voith Contact Co Inc Apparatus for the removal of water, liquors, or other liquids from soaked masses of fibrous materials
US3198695A (en) * 1963-02-14 1965-08-03 Beloit Corp Grooved press roll assemblies with a yankee drier

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2322201A1 (fr) * 1975-08-30 1977-03-25 Dokoupil Jiri Procede et dispositif pour essorer le cuir
US4055059A (en) * 1975-08-30 1977-10-25 Jiri Dokoupil Methods and apparatus for dewatering leather
US4111013A (en) * 1977-07-05 1978-09-05 Northern Conveyor & Manufacturing Corp. Method of and machine for removing oil from animal hides
US4455845A (en) * 1981-02-05 1984-06-26 Eduard Kusters Maschinenfabrik Apparatus for forming patterns in materials such as textile goods
US4425842A (en) 1981-05-01 1984-01-17 Cotton Incorporated High expression squeeze roll liquor extraction of nonwoven batts
US4434633A (en) 1981-05-01 1984-03-06 Cotton Incorporated High expression squeeze roll liquor extraction of nonwoven batts
US4888966A (en) * 1987-08-12 1989-12-26 Maschinenfabrik Moenus-Turner Gmbh Throughfeed sammying press
US6854301B1 (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-02-15 Albany International Corp. Extended nip press for the leather industry
US20230019709A1 (en) * 2019-12-20 2023-01-19 Rotacoat S.R.L. Roller leather finishing machine
US11925955B2 (en) * 2019-12-20 2024-03-12 Rotacoat S.R.L. Roller leather finishing machine
IT202000003053A1 (it) * 2020-02-17 2021-08-17 Bergi S P A Macchina alternativa a rulli per la lavorazione delle pelli

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT300171B (de) 1972-07-10
NL7003927A (fr) 1970-10-20
DE2010823A1 (de) 1970-11-05
FR2045387A5 (fr) 1971-02-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3654781A (en) Apparatus for the continuous extraction of water from flat material
US3872695A (en) Wringer
US4826555A (en) Method and apparatus for compressing a self-supported web
GB1396811A (en) Method of shrinking fabric or paper
GB1297844A (fr)
US2060897A (en) Apparatus for impregnating nonwoven fabrics
EP1024202A2 (fr) Machine pour le placage et l'estampage continu des peaux ou similaires
CS212774B2 (en) Leather squeezing apparatus
JPS62125074A (ja) 布防皺処理装置
US1809681A (en) Method of and machine for treating flexible veneered sheets
US5412853A (en) Apparatus for finishing a fabric web
US3905765A (en) Steam treatment of fabrics
US3087538A (en) Apparatus for extracting liquid from a fiber formation
DE2502149A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum mechanischen entwaessern von bahnfoermigem material
US3167469A (en) Method and apparatus for pressing molded pulp articles on the mold
US2167819A (en) Method of and apparatus for production of raised patterns on fabrics
KR860001607B1 (ko) 프레스 기구
JPH0450120B2 (fr)
JPS6152265B2 (fr)
JPS5829166Y2 (ja) 皮革用水絞り兼セッタ−
JPS5811016A (ja) ベルトプレス型脱水機
US3085333A (en) Apparatus for the manufacture of cheese
JPH0438954Y2 (fr)
NO131000B (fr)
JPS6041354Y2 (ja) 泥状物脱水装置