US3642591A - Electro zinc plating solution - Google Patents

Electro zinc plating solution Download PDF

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Publication number
US3642591A
US3642591A US17978A US3642591DA US3642591A US 3642591 A US3642591 A US 3642591A US 17978 A US17978 A US 17978A US 3642591D A US3642591D A US 3642591DA US 3642591 A US3642591 A US 3642591A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
zinc
salt
gram
solution
polyhydroxy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US17978A
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English (en)
Inventor
Cesar Adrianus Boose
Maarten Johan Reidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Original Assignee
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
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Application filed by Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO filed Critical Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Priority claimed from DE19702012774 external-priority patent/DE2012774C3/de
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Publication of US3642591A publication Critical patent/US3642591A/en
Assigned to NEDERLANDSE CENTRALE ORGANISATIE VOOR TOEGEPAST-NATUURWETEN-SCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK, THE reassignment NEDERLANDSE CENTRALE ORGANISATIE VOOR TOEGEPAST-NATUURWETEN-SCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK, THE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: NEDERLANDSE ORGANISATIE VOOR TOEGEPAST-NATUURWETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK TEN BEHOEVE VAN NIJVERHEID, HANDEL EN VERKEER
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc

Definitions

  • gelatin 3,4-methylene-dioxy-benzaldehyde (piperonal), 4- hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde (vanillin), 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (veratraldehyde), protein decomposition products, and the like.
  • the metal to be zinc plated Prior to the electro zinc plating process taking place, the metal to be zinc plated is usually subjected to such pretreatments as degreasing.
  • a common pretreatment is for instance degreasing in organic solvents, followed by degreasing in an alkaline medium, which may be carried out electrolytically, if necessary. After rinsing with water and pickling with hydrochloric acid, there is another rinsing with water. This is followed by the zinc plating process. After this, the metal is usually passivated. Examples of conventional passivating liquids are (all per litre ofsolution):
  • the temperature is somewhere between 10 and 80 C. and the dipping time between I5 and I seconds.
  • the material is passivated to give extra protection against corrosion and to provide a basis for a finish such as the application of a lacquer.
  • Electro zinc plating is carried out mainly either in revolving drums or in stationary containers.
  • the solution in the first case the solution is automatically shaken, which is essential to prevent stationary solution can be agitated for instance by means of air.
  • the current density on the objects to be zinc plated is also according to the present method between about 0.1 and l0 amperes per dmI; it is usually between about 3 and 6 amperes per dm.
  • the temperature is not so very important for the present method.
  • the solution is an aqueous liquid, which means that it always remains above its solidification point and, reasons, below its boiling point. In practice, the temperature will be somewhere between 20 and 80 C. It is true that at a higher temperature the electric conductivity of the solution increases and the efficiency improves, but at a lower temperature the brightness of the galvanized product is generally slightly better. The choice is therefore a matter of practice rather than theory.
  • the applied zinc coat is equally thick everywhere; the I degree of difference is referred to as variance.
  • the electroplating solution per litre of the bath must also contain 0.05 to 0.8 gram-atom zinc, a polyhydroxy acid or a salt thereof, as well as boric acid and/or borate.
  • the molar ratio of zinc content and the polyhydroxy anion should be between about 1:1.3 and 1:22; the molar ratio of polyhydroxy anion to boric anion between about 1:1.8 and 1:22
  • lt is known that sometimes a low and sometimes a high zinc content has to be used.
  • a low zinc content is considered to exist in a solution with approximately 5 to 25 grams of zinc per litre, and a high zinc content in a solution with approximately 25 to 50 grams of zinc per litre.
  • the three-component system which forms the essence of the invention, appears to be best if made up of approximately 2 gram-molecules polyhydroxy acid or a salt thereof, and approximately 4 gram-molecules boric acid and/or borate per gram-atom zinc 10 percent deviation possible).
  • these ratios per gramatom zinc are about at 1V2 gram-molecule polyhydroxy acid or a salt thereof and 3 gram-molecules boric acid or borate (10 percent deviation possible).
  • the zinc compound which is always necessary in electro zinc plating baths, is usually and also according to the present method zinc sulphate or zinc chloride, but in view of the required pH it still makes no difference whether zinc sulphate and, for instance, sulphuric acid are added as pH controlling agents or another zinc compound such as ZnO, which in this case with H 80. again brings zinc and sulphate ions into the solution anyway.
  • Ammonium ions should be avoided; they give less favorable results.
  • the drum was placed in a zinc solution of 185 litres, which had the following composition per litre ofsolution:
  • aldehyde was added after each drum charge in such a way as to maintain the aldehyde content at about 2 grams per litre.
  • Example I was repeated with a solution of the following composition per litre ofsolution:
  • the charge was 15 kg. carriage bolts with a total surface of dmf"; the electroplating time was 35 minutes, at a current density of 0.85 amperes per dm. The efficiency was 78 percent and the coat thickness of the zinc after passivating was 5.2 microns.
  • the cover of the objects zinc plated in accordance with the invention is excellent, and the throwing power of the solutions in accordance with the invention is good.
  • An aqueous electroplating solution comprising about 0.05 to 0.8 gram-atom zinc per litre, polyhydroxy carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, and boric acid or borate, the molar ratio of zinc to polyhydroxy carboxylic acid or salt being from about 121.3 to about 1:2.2 and the molar ratio of polyhydroxy carboxylic acid or salt to boric acid or borate being from about 121.8 to about 122.2, the pH of the solution being at least about 5, and the solution being substantially free ofammonia.
  • An aqueous electroplating solution according to claim 1 comprising between 5 and 25 grams per litre zinc, about 2 gram-molecules polyhydroxy carboxylic acid or salt thereof per gram-atom zinc, and about 4 gram-molecules boric acid or borate per gram-atom zinc.
  • An aqueous electroplating solution according to claim 1 comprising between 25 and 50 grams per litre zinc, about 1.5 gram-molecules polyhydroxy carboxylic acid or salt thereof per gram-atom zinc, and about 3 gram-molecules boric acid or borate per gram-atom zinc.
  • An aqueous electroplating solution according to claim 1 containing from about 1.8 to 2.2 parts boric acid per part polyhydroxy carboxylic acid or salt thereof.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
US17978A 1969-03-11 1970-03-09 Electro zinc plating solution Expired - Lifetime US3642591A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6903711A NL6903711A (sv) 1969-03-11 1969-03-11
DE19702012774 DE2012774C3 (de) 1970-03-18 Galvanisches Zinkbad

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3642591A true US3642591A (en) 1972-02-15

Family

ID=25758838

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17978A Expired - Lifetime US3642591A (en) 1969-03-11 1970-03-09 Electro zinc plating solution

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3642591A (sv)
GB (1) GB1310163A (sv)
NL (1) NL6903711A (sv)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4070256A (en) * 1975-06-16 1978-01-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Acid zinc electroplating bath and process
US4356067A (en) * 1979-06-13 1982-10-26 Electrochemical Products, Inc. Alkaline plating baths and electroplating process
US4389286A (en) * 1980-07-17 1983-06-21 Electrochemical Products, Inc. Alkaline plating baths and electroplating process
US4417956A (en) * 1980-07-17 1983-11-29 Electrochemical Products, Inc. Alkaline plating baths and electroplating process
EP0101769A1 (en) * 1982-08-31 1984-03-07 Electrochemical Products, Inc. Alkaline plating baths & electroplating process
US6387229B1 (en) 1999-05-07 2002-05-14 Enthone, Inc. Alloy plating
US20050230264A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-20 Richard Lacey Electroplating solution and method for electroplating
CN111334832A (zh) * 2020-04-16 2020-06-26 常熟风范电力设备股份有限公司 一种风电基座耐腐性好的电镀方法
US11661666B2 (en) 2019-10-10 2023-05-30 The Boeing Company Electrodeposited zinc and iron coatings for corrosion resistance

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190201688A (en) * 1902-01-21 1902-12-11 Heinrich Paweck Improvements in the Electrolytic Separation, Deposit and Refining of Zinc
US3298938A (en) * 1963-06-14 1967-01-17 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Kk Electrodeposition of zinc

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190201688A (en) * 1902-01-21 1902-12-11 Heinrich Paweck Improvements in the Electrolytic Separation, Deposit and Refining of Zinc
US3298938A (en) * 1963-06-14 1967-01-17 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Kk Electrodeposition of zinc

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4070256A (en) * 1975-06-16 1978-01-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Acid zinc electroplating bath and process
US4356067A (en) * 1979-06-13 1982-10-26 Electrochemical Products, Inc. Alkaline plating baths and electroplating process
US4389286A (en) * 1980-07-17 1983-06-21 Electrochemical Products, Inc. Alkaline plating baths and electroplating process
US4417956A (en) * 1980-07-17 1983-11-29 Electrochemical Products, Inc. Alkaline plating baths and electroplating process
EP0101769A1 (en) * 1982-08-31 1984-03-07 Electrochemical Products, Inc. Alkaline plating baths & electroplating process
US6387229B1 (en) 1999-05-07 2002-05-14 Enthone, Inc. Alloy plating
US20050230264A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-20 Richard Lacey Electroplating solution and method for electroplating
US7235165B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2007-06-26 Richard Lacey Electroplating solution and method for electroplating
US11661666B2 (en) 2019-10-10 2023-05-30 The Boeing Company Electrodeposited zinc and iron coatings for corrosion resistance
CN111334832A (zh) * 2020-04-16 2020-06-26 常熟风范电力设备股份有限公司 一种风电基座耐腐性好的电镀方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2012774A1 (de) 1971-10-07
DE2012774B2 (de) 1976-01-22
NL6903711A (sv) 1970-09-15
GB1310163A (en) 1973-03-14

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Legal Events

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AS Assignment

Owner name: NEDERLANDSE CENTRALE ORGANISATIE VOOR TOEGEPAST-NA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:NEDERLANDSE ORGANISATIE VOOR TOEGEPAST-NATUURWETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK TEN BEHOEVE VAN NIJVERHEID, HANDEL EN VERKEER;REEL/FRAME:003864/0013

Effective date: 19801222