US2511952A - Process of plating zinc on aluminum - Google Patents
Process of plating zinc on aluminum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2511952A US2511952A US2511952DA US2511952A US 2511952 A US2511952 A US 2511952A US 2511952D A US2511952D A US 2511952DA US 2511952 A US2511952 A US 2511952A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- aluminum
- pyrophosphate
- bath
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title description 74
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 72
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 72
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 58
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 58
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 24
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J Pyrophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 12
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 10
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N DETA Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OMSYGYSPFZQFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-J Zinc pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O OMSYGYSPFZQFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- 230000001464 adherent Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-ethanediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N HF Chemical class F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GTLDTDOJJJZVBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc cyanide Chemical compound [Zn+2].N#[C-].N#[C-] GTLDTDOJJJZVBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002659 electrodeposit Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 description 2
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/42—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of light metals
- C25D5/44—Aluminium
Definitions
- This invention relates to the plating of zinc on aluminum.
- the present invention provides a process by which zinc can be successfully and satisfactorily plated on aluminum, with good and consistent adhesion. The process is reliable and consistent in commercial performance.
- aluminum is immersed in a suitable bath, which results'in the formation of an extremely thin immersion coating of the zinc on the aluminum, and the aluminum with the immersion coating of zinc, is then suspended, as a cathode, in an aqueous pyrophosphate zinc plating bath having the properties of initiating the electrodeposition of zinc on the immersion coating before the solution can act on the zinc immersion coating sufficiently to expose the aluminum.
- cyanide zinc baths actively attack the zinc immersion coating.
- the zinc pyrophosphate plating solution having the properties set out above, is one which contains a complex alkaline metal zinc pyrophosphate (Kszn-(PzOwh, for example) having a pH between 8.5 and 9.5, and containing a small amount of an organic polyamine.
- Kszn-(PzOwh, for example) having a pH between 8.5 and 9.5, and containing a small amount of an organic polyamine.
- An example of a suitable bath is one made up with Grams per liter ZllzPzOvBI-IzO 82 K4PzO7 400 Corresponding to Grams per liter Zn 30 P207 240 with approximately /100 of 1% to of 1%, by volume, of an organic polyamine, as for example, diethylene triamine.
- the bath may also contain about g./l. of citric acid, to aid anode corrosion.
- the pH of the solution is adjusted and maintained within the range pH 8.5 to 9.5.
- Air agitation is desirable.
- a wetting agent and an anti-foamant may be used to advantage. Any of the wetting agents and anti-foamants known to the art may be used. Zinc anodes such as ordinarily used in zinc plating may be used.
- the baths which we have used for forming the immersion coating of zinc on the aluminum have been essentially zincate aqueous baths known to the art made by adding zinc oxide or zinc salts to an excess of sodium hydroxide. Any bath known to the art for forming an adherent zinc ;coating on aluminum, by immersion, may be used.
- diethylene triamine In addition to the diethylene triamine, other organic polyamines generally can be used. Diethylene triamine, tetraethylene pentamine, and ethylene diamine are examples of organic polyamines readily available on the market.
- the function of the organic polyamine in the bath is to produce a smooth, continuous zinc deposit. Without the presence of the organic polyamine, the zinc deposit would be'rough, that is, nodular or pimply, and the bath would be very sensitive to metallic impurities such as lead, copper and Current densities of 5 to 35 amperes per square foot have been obtained with a pyrophosphate zinc bath according to the example previously given. In practice, the bath is used at a temperature range from to F.
- a mode of procedure in practicing the process is as follows:
- the aluminum is suitably cleaned and etched, following methods known to the prior art. These methods usually are to immerse the aluminum (which has been previously degreased) in an alkaline cleaner at an elevated temperature.
- the cleaners may be either of the etching or non-etching type. If the cleaning solution is of the non-etching type, an etching treatment should follow, such as an immersion for a few seconds in a 50 grams per liter sodium hydroxide solution at F. This latter solution can be used for both cleaning and etch-
- the clean aluminum is dipped in a solution of nitric acid to dissolve any film or smut developed in the etching treatment. If the silicon content of the aluminum is high, the dipping is done in a solution of nitric and hydrofluoric acids.
- the cleaned and etched aluminum is then immersed for about 1 minute in a zincate bath made up by dissolving in water 525 grams of sodium hydroxide and grams of zinc oxide, for each liter of solution.
- the aluminum with the zinc immersion coating is removed and then rinsed.
- the aluminum with the zinc immersion coating thereon is then hung as a cathode in a pyrophosphate zinc plating bath having the composition hereinbefore stated, and having its pH in the range 8.5 to 9.5, and current passed until an electrodeposit of zinc of desired thickness is obtained.
- any of the pyrophosphate zinc plating baths, minus tht brightener, disclosed in our application Ser. No. 551,258, filed August 25, 1944, now Patent No. 2,488,246, granted November 15, 1949, with pH Within the range 8.5 to 9.5 may be used.
- the pyrophosphate zinc plating baths of said application consist basically of a complex zinc-alkali metal pyrophosphate dissolved in water.
- the pyrophosphate radicals and zinc content are in the molecular ratio of 2 to 1, plus an excess of pyrophosphate radicals; with said excess the molecular weight ratio range is from 2.3 to 1 to 4.6 to 1.
- aluminum is used herein as it is used in the trade. Virtually all commercially designated aluminum products are aluminum alloyed with various metals, such as copper, nickel, silicon, manganese, magnesium, etc.
- the invention is applicable to high purity aluminum, and to the generality of high aluminum alloys. of alloys, and that is aluminum alloys containing more than 2.5% of magnesium.
- An advantage of the present process is that by the deposition of an adherent coating of zinc on thealuminum, a greater corrosion resistance is imparted to the aluminum base metal.
- Zinc has been found to be slightly anodic to some of the common aluminum alloys so that the zinc deposit protects the aluminum base cathodically, i. e. the zinc dissolves preferentially to the aluminum.
- the protective action of the zinc may be further enhanced by the formation of surface conversion coatings on the zinc.
- a process of electroplating zinc on aluminum in which a thin coating of zinc is first formed by
- a process of electroplating zinc on aluminum in which a thin coating of zinc is first formed by
- a process of electroplating zinc on aluminum in which a thin coating of zinc is first formed by
- a process of electroplating zinc on aluminum in which a thin coating of zinc is first formed by
- a process of electroplating zinc cathodically on the zinccoated aluminum from an aqueous plating solution having a pH between 8.5 and 9.5, consisting essentially of a zinc-alkali-metal pyrophosphate complex and one-hundredth to one-tenth per cent, by volume, of diethylene triamine, said pyrophosphate bath having the property of starting the electrodeposition of the zinc under the action of electric current before the solution acts chemically on the thin zinc immersion coating to expose the aluminum.
Description
Patented June I 20, 1950 PROCESS OF PLATING zINo N ALUMINUM Jesse E. 'Stareck, Birmingham, and Frank Passal, Detroit, Mich, assignors to United Chromium, Incorporated, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application February 12, 1946, Serial No. 647,202
1 Claim.
This invention relates to the plating of zinc on aluminum.
We are unaware that zinc has heretofore been satisfactorily electroplated on aluminum. With methods heretofore proposed consistent adhesion is not obtained and such adhesion as is obtained is poor. The present invention provides a process by which zinc can be successfully and satisfactorily plated on aluminum, with good and consistent adhesion. The process is reliable and consistent in commercial performance.
According to the present invention,aluminum is immersed in a suitable bath, which results'in the formation of an extremely thin immersion coating of the zinc on the aluminum, and the aluminum with the immersion coating of zinc, is then suspended, as a cathode, in an aqueous pyrophosphate zinc plating bath having the properties of initiating the electrodeposition of zinc on the immersion coating before the solution can act on the zinc immersion coating sufficiently to expose the aluminum. By contrast, cyanide zinc baths actively attack the zinc immersion coating. The zinc pyrophosphate plating solution, having the properties set out above, is one which contains a complex alkaline metal zinc pyrophosphate (Kszn-(PzOwh, for example) having a pH between 8.5 and 9.5, and containing a small amount of an organic polyamine.
An example of a suitable bath is one made up with Grams per liter ZllzPzOvBI-IzO 82 K4PzO7 400 Corresponding to Grams per liter Zn 30 P207 240 with approximately /100 of 1% to of 1%, by volume, of an organic polyamine, as for example, diethylene triamine. The bath may also contain about g./l. of citric acid, to aid anode corrosion.
The pH of the solution is adjusted and maintained within the range pH 8.5 to 9.5.
Air agitation is desirable.
A wetting agent and an anti-foamant may be used to advantage. Any of the wetting agents and anti-foamants known to the art may be used. Zinc anodes such as ordinarily used in zinc plating may be used.
The baths which we have used for forming the immersion coating of zinc on the aluminum have been essentially zincate aqueous baths known to the art made by adding zinc oxide or zinc salts to an excess of sodium hydroxide. Any bath known to the art for forming an adherent zinc ;coating on aluminum, by immersion, may be used.
In addition to the diethylene triamine, other organic polyamines generally can be used. Diethylene triamine, tetraethylene pentamine, and ethylene diamine are examples of organic polyamines readily available on the market. The function of the organic polyamine in the bath is to produce a smooth, continuous zinc deposit. Without the presence of the organic polyamine, the zinc deposit would be'rough, that is, nodular or pimply, and the bath would be very sensitive to metallic impurities such as lead, copper and Current densities of 5 to 35 amperes per square foot have been obtained with a pyrophosphate zinc bath according to the example previously given. In practice, the bath is used at a temperature range from to F.
A mode of procedure in practicing the process is as follows:
As a preliminary procedure, the aluminum is suitably cleaned and etched, following methods known to the prior art. These methods usually are to immerse the aluminum (which has been previously degreased) in an alkaline cleaner at an elevated temperature. The cleaners may be either of the etching or non-etching type. If the cleaning solution is of the non-etching type, an etching treatment should follow, such as an immersion for a few seconds in a 50 grams per liter sodium hydroxide solution at F. This latter solution can be used for both cleaning and etch- The clean aluminum is dipped in a solution of nitric acid to dissolve any film or smut developed in the etching treatment. If the silicon content of the aluminum is high, the dipping is done in a solution of nitric and hydrofluoric acids.
The cleaned and etched aluminum is then immersed for about 1 minute in a zincate bath made up by dissolving in water 525 grams of sodium hydroxide and grams of zinc oxide, for each liter of solution. The aluminum with the zinc immersion coating is removed and then rinsed.
The aluminum with the zinc immersion coating thereon is then hung as a cathode in a pyrophosphate zinc plating bath having the composition hereinbefore stated, and having its pH in the range 8.5 to 9.5, and current passed until an electrodeposit of zinc of desired thickness is obtained.
Any of the pyrophosphate zinc plating baths, minus tht brightener, disclosed in our application Ser. No. 551,258, filed August 25, 1944, now Patent No. 2,488,246, granted November 15, 1949, with pH Within the range 8.5 to 9.5 may be used. The pyrophosphate zinc plating baths of said application consist basically of a complex zinc-alkali metal pyrophosphate dissolved in water. The pyrophosphate radicals and zinc content are in the molecular ratio of 2 to 1, plus an excess of pyrophosphate radicals; with said excess the molecular weight ratio range is from 2.3 to 1 to 4.6 to 1.
The word aluminum is used herein as it is used in the trade. Virtually all commercially designated aluminum products are aluminum alloyed with various metals, such as copper, nickel, silicon, manganese, magnesium, etc. The invention, however, is applicable to high purity aluminum, and to the generality of high aluminum alloys. of alloys, and that is aluminum alloys containing more than 2.5% of magnesium.
An advantage of the present process is that by the deposition of an adherent coating of zinc on thealuminum, a greater corrosion resistance is imparted to the aluminum base metal. Zinc has been found to be slightly anodic to some of the common aluminum alloys so that the zinc deposit protects the aluminum base cathodically, i. e. the zinc dissolves preferentially to the aluminum. The protective action of the zinc may be further enhanced by the formation of surface conversion coatings on the zinc.
What is claimed is:
A process of electroplating zinc on aluminum, in which a thin coating of zinc is first formed by There is one known exception in the case 4 immersing the aluminum in a zincate solution and zinc afterward electroplated on the immersion coating, characterized by the novel step of electrodepositing zinc cathodically on the zinccoated aluminum from an aqueous plating solution having a pH between 8.5 and 9.5, consisting essentially of a zinc-alkali-metal pyrophosphate complex and one-hundredth to one-tenth per cent, by volume, of diethylene triamine, said pyrophosphate bath having the property of starting the electrodeposition of the zinc under the action of electric current before the solution acts chemically on the thin zinc immersion coating to expose the aluminum.
JESSE E. STARECK. FRANK PASSAL.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES Langbein and Brannt, Electrodeposition of Metals, 1924, 9th ed., page 567.
Transactions of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 88 (1945), pages 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 317, 324.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2511952A true US2511952A (en) | 1950-06-20 |
Family
ID=3437261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2511952D Expired - Lifetime US2511952A (en) | Process of plating zinc on aluminum |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2511952A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2730490A (en) * | 1951-11-13 | 1956-01-10 | Wire Coating And Mfg Co | Process of zinc coating magnesium articles |
| US2811484A (en) * | 1956-06-20 | 1957-10-29 | Dow Chemical Co | Electrodeposition of zinc on magnesium and its alloys |
| US2901408A (en) * | 1951-05-23 | 1959-08-25 | Raymond G Townsend | Coating method |
| DE1168735B (en) * | 1958-06-04 | 1964-04-23 | Gen Electric | Process for pretreating an object made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy for the application of a galvanic metal coating |
| US3816188A (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1974-06-11 | Du Pont | Low-fuming galvanizing fluxes |
| US4270957A (en) * | 1977-06-03 | 1981-06-02 | Ford Motor Company | Method for cleaning aluminum articles |
| JPS6363567A (en) * | 1986-09-04 | 1988-03-19 | Showa Alum Corp | Production of heat exchanger having excellent corrosion resistance |
| US5601695A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-02-11 | Atotech U.S.A., Inc. | Etchant for aluminum alloys |
| US20220119975A1 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2022-04-21 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | High purity aluminum coating with zinc sacrificial underlayer for aluminum alloy fan blade protection |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US744170A (en) * | 1899-08-26 | 1903-11-17 | Andre Darlay | Process of depositing metallic coatings on metallic objects. |
| US1627900A (en) * | 1926-08-23 | 1927-05-10 | Eastman Kodak Co | Process of coating aluminum surfaces |
| US2250556A (en) * | 1940-11-26 | 1941-07-29 | United Chromium Inc | Electrodeposition of copper and bath therefor |
| US2355505A (en) * | 1941-10-03 | 1944-08-08 | Purdue Research Foundation | Electrodeposition of bright zinc |
| US2355070A (en) * | 1937-07-03 | 1944-08-08 | Little Inc A | Electrolytic deposition of metal |
| US2384300A (en) * | 1937-07-03 | 1945-09-04 | Little Inc A | Electrolytic deposition of zinc |
-
0
- US US2511952D patent/US2511952A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US744170A (en) * | 1899-08-26 | 1903-11-17 | Andre Darlay | Process of depositing metallic coatings on metallic objects. |
| US1627900A (en) * | 1926-08-23 | 1927-05-10 | Eastman Kodak Co | Process of coating aluminum surfaces |
| US2355070A (en) * | 1937-07-03 | 1944-08-08 | Little Inc A | Electrolytic deposition of metal |
| US2384300A (en) * | 1937-07-03 | 1945-09-04 | Little Inc A | Electrolytic deposition of zinc |
| US2250556A (en) * | 1940-11-26 | 1941-07-29 | United Chromium Inc | Electrodeposition of copper and bath therefor |
| US2355505A (en) * | 1941-10-03 | 1944-08-08 | Purdue Research Foundation | Electrodeposition of bright zinc |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2901408A (en) * | 1951-05-23 | 1959-08-25 | Raymond G Townsend | Coating method |
| US2730490A (en) * | 1951-11-13 | 1956-01-10 | Wire Coating And Mfg Co | Process of zinc coating magnesium articles |
| US2811484A (en) * | 1956-06-20 | 1957-10-29 | Dow Chemical Co | Electrodeposition of zinc on magnesium and its alloys |
| DE1168735B (en) * | 1958-06-04 | 1964-04-23 | Gen Electric | Process for pretreating an object made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy for the application of a galvanic metal coating |
| US3816188A (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1974-06-11 | Du Pont | Low-fuming galvanizing fluxes |
| US4270957A (en) * | 1977-06-03 | 1981-06-02 | Ford Motor Company | Method for cleaning aluminum articles |
| JPS6363567A (en) * | 1986-09-04 | 1988-03-19 | Showa Alum Corp | Production of heat exchanger having excellent corrosion resistance |
| EP0263592A1 (en) * | 1986-09-04 | 1988-04-13 | Showa Aluminum Kabushiki Kaisha | A method for making corrosion resistance heat exchangers |
| US4852791A (en) * | 1986-09-04 | 1989-08-01 | Showa Aluminum Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for making corrosion resistance heat exchangers |
| US5601695A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-02-11 | Atotech U.S.A., Inc. | Etchant for aluminum alloys |
| US20220119975A1 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2022-04-21 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | High purity aluminum coating with zinc sacrificial underlayer for aluminum alloy fan blade protection |
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