US3617334A - Pressure-sensitive sheet material - Google Patents

Pressure-sensitive sheet material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3617334A
US3617334A US774260A US3617334DA US3617334A US 3617334 A US3617334 A US 3617334A US 774260 A US774260 A US 774260A US 3617334D A US3617334D A US 3617334DA US 3617334 A US3617334 A US 3617334A
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United States
Prior art keywords
capsules
liquid
droplets
sheet
capsule
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Expired - Lifetime
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US774260A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bruce W Brockett
John W Stutz
Frederick D Weaver
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Appvion LLC
NCR Voyix Corp
National Cash Register Co
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NCR Corp
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Assigned to APPLETON PAPERS INC. reassignment APPLETON PAPERS INC. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). FILED 12/1781, EFFECTIVE DATE: 01/02/82 STATE OF INCORP. DE Assignors: GERMAINE MONTEIL COSMETIQUES CORPORATION (CHANGED TO APPLETON PAPERS), TUVACHE, INC.
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/124—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein using pressure to make a masked colour visible, e.g. to make a coloured support visible, to create an opaque or transparent pattern, or to form colour by uniting colour-forming components
    • B41M5/165—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein using pressure to make a masked colour visible, e.g. to make a coloured support visible, to create an opaque or transparent pattern, or to form colour by uniting colour-forming components characterised by the use of microcapsules; Special solvents for incorporating the ingredients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/025—Applications of microcapsules not provided for in other subclasses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24893—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24893—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material
    • Y10T428/24901—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material including coloring matter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2984—Microcapsule with fluid core [includes liposome]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2984—Microcapsule with fluid core [includes liposome]
    • Y10T428/2985—Solid-walled microcapsule from synthetic polymer
    • Y10T428/2987—Addition polymer from unsaturated monomers only

Definitions

  • Compton ABSTRACT This invention relates to paper, or like sheet material, sensitized with a coating of liquid-containing pressure-rupturable capsules of both minute and a little larger dimensions arranged in interspersion and in close juxtaposition.
  • the larger capsules contain a nonsignificant diluent, and the smaller capsules contain a concentrated liquid marking substance or other significant material.
  • the capsules large and small, are rupturable individually, are interspersed as to size, and are closely spaced on the sheet, so that an intentional impact directed on a small area of the coating will smash all of the capsules in the area and result in the expression of diluted liquid marking or other significant material, whereas a hit-or-miss applied pressure will rupture only a few of the larger capsules of the area, releasing a small amount of harmless diluent.
  • Each capsule is a unit containing a cluster of droplets and, when the cluster is encapsulated, forms an irregular botryoid minute mass.
  • the larger and protruding bosses of the diluent capsules represent outside droplets acting to guard the smaller capsule units beside them.
  • the marking or other significant material may be an inherently colored dye, a colorless chromogenic color reactant, or an odorous, obscurant, or active material, and the capsules on a sheet may be associated with other materials on the sheet or be used to express their contents onto another sheet in contact therewith.
  • the diluent contentsof the large capsules of this invention may have evaporative properties and, once having performed its function of acting as capsule contents to hold the bufl'ering capsules in a rotund condition and its function, when released, of increasing mobility of the concentrated released marking fluid, disappears by evaporation.
  • Another object of the invention is to i provide thediluent capsules with either an evaporable liquid or a relatively nonevaporable liquid.
  • H6. 1 shows the capsules disposed on a support sheet
  • FIG. 2 is a section through a capsule unit.
  • the reference numeral 20 designates one of the small capsules containing the concentrated liquid to be protected from accidental release by an adjacent large capsule 21 (FIG. 1).
  • the irregular shape of both the large and small capsules is due to the fact that the deposit of polymeric matrix material follows the contour of the capsule cluster, which clusters assume a bo tryoid shape in the making of both sizes of capsule.
  • FIG. 2 is a section through a diluent large capsule 2i but also is typical of the construction of one of the smaller capsules 20.
  • the supporting sheet material 23 (FIG. 1) is shown as fibrous material, such as paper, although it might well be tilm material.
  • the contours of the large capsules will protect the smaller adjacent capsules by overhang or by bridging the accidentally applied pressures.
  • the size of the capsule units-depicted in the coating has been exaggerated, relative tothe thickness of the supporting web.
  • the thickness of the sup- -porting web material, counted in units of mils is many times the average cross-sectional diameters of the capsule units
  • the thickness of the supporting web material is of minor consequence; the average cross-sectional diameter of the smaller
  • capsule units should be in the range of about I to 12 microns, and the larger, protecting, capsuleunits should be at least about 1 to 3 microns larger, in the range of about 2 to 15 microns.
  • the capsules should-be randomly interspersed. as shown, in "close juxtaposition, so that the released "diluent reaches the released marking liquid.
  • FIG. 2 thestylized view of the preferred'kind of capsule unit for use in this invention, shows aggregatedfthin-walled droplet clusters further encapsulated in an outer wall matrix of the type disclosed in U.S'.'Pat. No. 3,041,289, which'issued June 26, i962, on the application of Bernard Katchen and Robert E.” Miller.
  • U.S'.'Pat. No. 3,041,289 which'issued June 26, i962, on the application of Bernard Katchen and Robert E.” Miller.
  • capsular diameter for selection of larger and smaller capsule units is the diameter of the overall'capsular aggregate.
  • FIG; 2 shows each capsule assectioned in elevation, although in actuality a section through a walled cluster'of capsules would show some in full elevation'in the background and others seetioned at various planes.
  • I q a Only that part of the construction which is considered novel is shown in FIG. 1, as it is to be understood that solidparticulate'materials, such as materials reactive toward me encapsulated liquid marking agent, may be coated on 'the paper and situated under, on top of, or' eoincidentally 'with 'the layer of capsules shown, to make an autogenous" sheet needing no transfer of material to a second sheet.
  • the coated paper sheet shown may be superimposed coated side against a second sheet of paper coated with necessary reactive materials, so that rupture of the marking agent capsules on the first sheet causes the transfer of the liquid agent'to the second sheet, with the'aid of the released diluent, where a chemical material manufacture.
  • the invention is applicable to other than record systems where pressure is used to bring two liquids together for blending or reaction that are not of significance for marking, but which are to be kept apart until used by application of pressure.
  • Thesupporting web may be, and usually is, a sheet of paper, and the capsule contents may be chosen from a number of significant materials for pressure release; for example, an odorant, or obscurant, a colored dye, or a colorless chromogenic material suitable for causing the appearance of marks on a record sheet when the capsules are ruptured by pressure from a printing member.
  • the method consists of including, in a capsule coating for a web, other liquid-containing capsules which are larger than the capsules to be protected, so as to give an interspersion of the two kinds of capsules, closely juxtaposed.
  • the liquid contained in the larger capsules which is an insignificant liquid except for its diluent property, so that its accidental release does not appreciably affect the supporting web or the walls of the neighboring smaller capsules.
  • the contents of the larger, protecting, capsules may be odorless.
  • the protecting capsules may have colorless contents, odorless or not, and, if the smaller capsule units contain a colorless, chromogenic material, the larger capsules should contain neither such a potential dye nor any material capable of generating color with the contents of the smaller capsules.
  • the advantage in using this provided novel method of protecting capsules containing an agent to be preserved against accidental release is that the surface texture of the coated web is not qualitatively changed by the addition of the physical buffer capsule units, and, more important, when the significant liquid agent is released by the intentional rupture of its enclosing walls, its transfer as a flowing material to the desired place is not impeded by its pressure protector but rather is aided by the simultaneous release of diluent from the protector capsules.
  • the invention provides a method of using larger expendable liquid-containing capsules to shield closely adjacent smaller liquid-containing capsules that should not be prematurely broken.
  • the protected capsule contents could be any liquid or liquid dispersion which a practitioner might wish and be able to encapsulate and coat on a surface of a supporting web.
  • Such materials used in commerce and published in the literature.
  • a back-coated first sheet comprises small capsules containing a liquid dispersion of a chemically reactive colorless, chromogenic material and the coating of a front-coated underlying second sheet comprises a solid coreactant designed to convert the colorless, chronrogenic material to a distinctively colored product.
  • Such backand front-coated sheets are also used in multiple sheet record unit forms as the top and bottom sheets of a stack, respectively, intermediate sheets of which stack are coated both on the front and on the back to give transfer and copy-receiving properties.
  • the material and economic advantages of using the capsular units of this invention over using previously known capsule coatings in such sheets is as pronounced as in the case of capsule-coated sheets in a two-sheet system.
  • the transfer efl'rciency of the system is very important and is adversely affected if absorbent stilt material in the capsular back coating of the sheets is present.
  • the transfer efficiency is enchanced, and more intense marks are developed on the second sheet.
  • the liquid content of the small capsules to be protected is a liquid solution of a solid agent
  • the liquid content of the bufi'er capsules may well be the same liquid solvent used to make the agent-containing solution, or some inert liquid, miscible with the solvent for the solid agent.
  • the concentration of the agent in the liquid of the smaller capsules and the relative weight proportions of the two kinds of capsules may be varied at will.
  • concentration of the agents and the parts by weight to be used of the two kinds of capsules is simply chosen so that the delivered agent solution will be at the desired concentration after the capsules are ruptured and the two liquids are thereby mixed together.
  • this invention is dependent not on any particular kind of capsule unit wall material but on the relative size and content of the capsules, except that the large buffering capsules may be overcoated withra harder polymeric material. Minute liquid-containing capsule units of any kind of content in a paper coating may be protected by other larger capsules that contain an inert liquid diluent miscible with the contents of the protected capsules.
  • miscibility of the two kinds of liquids is not absolutely required, because the larger capsules would protect the smaller capsules even if the liquid contents of the two were not miscible, and some help in transfer of the agent liquid would result from the washing effect of the released liquid of the larger capsules even if it were not miscible with the agent liquid.
  • miscibility of the two liquids is preferred.
  • Such liquids may be chosen from among common organic liquids, the choice not being critical to this invention.
  • the protected encapsulated liquid is to be a dispersion of a dye for use in making marks by color reaction, it may be of the colorless, chromogenic kind, such as crystal violet lactone along or mixed with benzoyl leuco methylene blue, as in example 3 to follow, or any of many colorless chromogenic materials known in the art, many of which are noted in an application for U.S. Letters Patent, Ser. No. 392,404, filed Aug. 27, 1964, by Robert E. Miller and Paul S. Phillips, Jr., now abandoned, but the substance of which is published in British Pat. No. 1,053,935 (1966), corresponding thereto, and which is disclosed in continuation U.S. Pat. application, Ser. No. 744,601, filed June 17, 1968.
  • the dye could also be already colored to form a printing ink solution or dispersion, such as a dispersion of carbon black or a blackish oil-soluble dye in an organic oil, such a system not requiring a sensitized transfer receiving sheet.
  • Dispersion does not exclude solutions which are viewed herein as extremely fine dispersions or, in reality, molecular dispersions.
  • the preferred embodiment of this invention is example 5. All solution concentrations are given as percent by weight.
  • the water used in all encapsulation procedures (examples 1, 2, and 3) is deionized water.
  • the urea-formaldehyde mixture was then added slowly to the agitated capsular suspension, and initiated the fonnation of a rigid and hard outer wall to the capsule units as the pH was lowered.
  • the reaction mixture was adjusted with 10 percent aqueous sulfuric acid to a pH of 3.0 and stirred overnight.
  • the pH was finally adjusted to with 20 percent aqueous sodium hydroxide to give a capsular suspension suitable for use as an aqueous paper-coating slurry of bufier capsule units.
  • the capsule units may be isolated from the reaction mixture by decantation, filtration, or centrifugation if isolation is desired, but it is not necessary. isolated capsule units may be washed and dried by conventional means.
  • the emulsion was agitated until the oil-phase droplets were 2 to 3 microns in diameter as detennined by optical transmission readings or by direct microscopic observation, through a reticle, of small samples of emulsion removed from the stirred mixture. With 490 milliliters of water as a transfer aid to rinse the vessel, the emulsion was transferred to a stirred beaker of 224 milliliters of 5 percent, by weight, aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) solution.
  • the poly(vinyl alcohol) solution was prepared as follows: 2.1 grams of about 86,000-molecular weight poly(vinyl alcohol) characterized by having a viscosity of about 28 to about 32 centipoises in a 4 percent, by weight, aqueous solution at 20 C. and by being 99 percent to 100 percent hydrolyzed (such as the material) designated Elvanol 71-30 sold by E. l. du Pont de Nernours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America), and 9.1 grams of about 125,000-molecular weight poly vinyl alcohol) characterized by having a viscosity of about 35 to 45 centipoises in a 4 percent, by weight, aqueous solution at 20 C.
  • the capsule units may be isolated, washed, and dried, or used directly in the preparative vehicle as an aqueous coating slurry.
  • EXAMPLE 3 Marking-material-bearing gelatin-gum arabic capsule units: An aqueous emulsion having oil droplets of l to 2 microns diameter was prepared by stirring in a Waring Blendor" the following materials at 55 C.
  • Aroclor 1242 is a liquid chlorinated biphenyl substantially nonevaporable solvent, supplied by Monsanto Chemical Company, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America,
  • Magnaflux oil is a hydrocarbon oil with a distillation range of 370 to 500 1F., supplied by Magnaflux Corporation, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • the emulsion was placed in a beaker with continual stirring, and the pH of the stirred emulsion was adjusted to 9 with a 20 percent, by weight, aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
  • To the stirred emulsion were then added 1 1 grams of a 5 percent, by weight, aqueous solution (pH adjusted to 8 with 20 percent sodium hydroxide) of poly(methyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride) copolymer such as a Gantrez AN" copolymer with a specific viscosity (1 gram of copolymer in milliliters of butanone and determined at 25 C.) of 0.9 to 1.0 poise as supplied by General Aniline and Film Corporation, New York, N .Y., United States of America, 91 grams of an 1 1 percent, by weight, aqueous solution of gum arabic, and 655 grams of hot (approximately 65 C.) water.
  • the now-completed capsule units thus prepared may be isolated from the vehicle by decantation, centrifugation, or filtration, washed, and dried, or more conveniently used without isolation as a suspension in the aqueous manufacturing vehicle.
  • the isolated marking material is suspended in a substantially nonevaporable solvent subject to dilution with the contents of associated buffering capsules among which they may be disposed.
  • the diluent may be evaporable, and marks made by the diluted marking material are completed by drying and imbibition in the paper, if paper is the web material.
  • Capsule-coated paper was produced by mixing the product of examples 2 and 3 to form a composition.
  • the aqueous suspension of buffer capsule units prepared in example 2 was used without recovery of the capsule units from the manufacturing vehicle.
  • the dye-bearing aqueous suspension of capsules of example 3 was used without isolation from the manufacturing vehicle.
  • the combination coating slurry was prepared according to the following formulation:
  • the coating slurry was applied to paper with an air knife coater to give a coating weight of 4.0 pounds per ream of 3,300 square feet after the paper was oven dried at 200 F.
  • Capsule-coated paper was made by mixing the product of examples 1 and 3.
  • the aqueous suspension of capsule units prepared in example 1 was used as buffer capsules without isolation of the capsule units from the manufacturing vehicle.
  • the dye-containing capsules of example 3 were used without isolation from the manufacturing vehicle.
  • the coating mixture was prepared according to the following formulation:
  • the coating slurry was applied to paper with an air knife coater to give a coating weight of 3.8 pounds per ream of .000 square feet after the paper was oven dried at 200 F.
  • the dried coating of examples 4 and 5 consisted of inters ersed capsules of diluent and concentrated marking material, the diluent-containing capsules being sufficiently larger than those containing marking material to act as physical stilts to protect the latter.
  • the capsule wall material in each kind of capsule deposited on the internally held droplet cluster to reveal the conformation of the cluster as a botryoid inclusion, which is evidenced by the diagrammatic irregularity shown in the two views of the drawing.
  • This botryoid form of the capsule entities or units favors the protective role of the larger buffer capsule units while they are intact.
  • a record sheet consisting of a sheet of paper and a coating on a surface of the sheet comprising minute, pressure-rupturable, liquid capsule units of two kinds, one kind containing a concentrated marking liquid and a second kind, being at least about l to 3 microns larger in diameter than the first kind and containing a nonmarking diluent liquid, the second kind of capsules being randomly interspersed in the coating with the first kind to serve as a protective bufier for the first kind prior to marking pressure rupture of the capsules, the diluent liquid mixing with the marking liquid at the time of markingpressure rupture of the capsules to give a free-fiowing'dilute marking liquid when and where capsules are ruptured by marking pressures.
  • the capsules being coated on the sheet in close juxtaposition and of individual size too small to be seen by the unaided eye, yet being of two kinds in random interspersion, a first kind being of two kinds in random interspersion, a first kind being smaller than the second kind and containing droplets of concentrated liquid selected from the group consisting of marking liquids and odorant liquids, and wherein said liquid droplets are protected from pressure release except by direct intentionally applied pressure, and the other kind being at least about 1 to 3 microns larger in diameter, and containing droplets of liquid which is a diluent for and which does dilute in use the liquid contained in the first kind or capsules, and which does not contribute to the odorant or marking properties of the liquid in the first kind of capsules and which larger capsules act as a physical buffer to prevent rupture and release of liquid from the first kind of capsules by less than the direct intentionally applied pressure.
  • a sheet of record material comprising a sheet of support material; and a coating, on the sheet, of an interspersed mixture of two kinds of minute liquid-droplet-containing capsules in close juxtaposition, both kinds of capsules being pressure rupturable to release the droplets and being of botryoid outer conformation, the inner construction of each capsule consisting of a cluster of droplets held in a matrix of deposited polymeric material, the botryoid conformation resultin from he mau'ix material following the cluster contours, one 1nd of capsule being smaller than the second kind and containing droplets of concentrated marking liquid material, which droplets are to be protected against premature release, and the second kind of capsule being at least about 1 to 3 microns larger in diameter than the smaller kind, and the larger kind of capsule containing droplets of liquid useful as a diluent for the droplets of the marking liquid in the smaller kind of capsule.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Color Printing (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
US774260A 1968-11-08 1968-11-08 Pressure-sensitive sheet material Expired - Lifetime US3617334A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US74426068A 1968-11-08 1968-11-08
US77426068A 1968-11-08 1968-11-08
US77431268A 1968-11-08 1968-11-08

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US3617334A true US3617334A (en) 1971-11-02

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US774260A Expired - Lifetime US3617334A (en) 1968-11-08 1968-11-08 Pressure-sensitive sheet material

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US (1) US3617334A (xx)
AT (1) AT295556B (xx)
BE (1) BE741397A (xx)
CH (1) CH505706A (xx)
DE (1) DE1955542C3 (xx)
FR (1) FR2022860A1 (xx)
GB (2) GB1253394A (xx)
NL (2) NL6916785A (xx)
SE (2) SE354807B (xx)

Cited By (17)

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US3763347A (en) * 1972-04-13 1973-10-02 Ncr Co Vaporous lamp
US3844816A (en) * 1971-05-12 1974-10-29 Plywood Champion Papers Inc Grafted, polymeric microcapsular system
US3852092A (en) * 1972-06-05 1974-12-03 J Patterson Thermally responsive elastic membrane
US3940539A (en) * 1973-10-31 1976-02-24 Ncr Corporation Pressure-sensitive recording sheet
US3955025A (en) * 1973-10-02 1976-05-04 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Pressure-sensitive copying sheet
US3955026A (en) * 1973-10-02 1976-05-04 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Pressure-sensitive recording sheet
DE2536319A1 (de) * 1975-08-14 1977-02-17 Rudolf Hinterwaldner Verwendung von mikrohohlkoerpern in reaktivierbaren einkomponentensystemen, verfahren zur reaktivierung und die anwendung derselben
US4140336A (en) * 1974-07-29 1979-02-20 Moore Business Forms, Inc. Product and process for reducing discoloration in carbonless copying systems
US4211437A (en) * 1978-04-25 1980-07-08 Appleton Papers Inc. Stilt capsules for pressure-sensitive record material
US4223060A (en) * 1976-01-19 1980-09-16 Wiggins Teape Limited Pressure-sensitive copying paper
US4764362A (en) * 1986-10-22 1988-08-16 The Cook Bates Company Nail-conditioning emery boards and process for making them
US4813976A (en) * 1986-10-22 1989-03-21 The Cook Bates Company Nail-conditioning emery boards and process for making them
US4936607A (en) * 1988-01-27 1990-06-26 Moore Business Forms, Inc. Security for images formed by impact based systems
US5033773A (en) * 1988-01-27 1991-07-23 Moore Business Forms Security for images formed by impact based systems
EP1441911A2 (en) * 2001-10-11 2004-08-04 Appleton Papers Inc. Microcapsules having improved printing and efficiency
US11230130B2 (en) 2017-06-02 2022-01-25 Fujifilm Corporation Material composition for pressure measurement, material for pressure measurement, and material set for pressure measurement
US11958307B2 (en) 2016-09-29 2024-04-16 Fujifilm Corporation Material composition for pressure measurement, material for pressure measurement, and material set for pressure measurement

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6149887A (ja) * 1984-08-16 1986-03-11 Kanzaki Paper Mfg Co Ltd 単体感圧記録シ−ト
DE3512565A1 (de) * 1985-04-06 1986-10-16 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Mikrokapseln und deren verwendung
US4636818A (en) * 1985-06-05 1987-01-13 Moore Business Forms, Inc. Carbonless system including solvent-only microcapsules
EP0224214B1 (en) 1985-11-21 1993-01-27 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Light-sensitive microcapsule containing polymerizable compound and silver halide, and light-sensitive material employing the same
US4675706A (en) * 1986-03-07 1987-06-23 Appleton Papers Inc. Pressure-sensitive record material
JPS62267184A (ja) * 1986-05-14 1987-11-19 Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd 感圧複写紙用マイクロカプセルインキ
JP2885812B2 (ja) * 1988-12-24 1999-04-26 日本製紙株式会社 感圧複写紙用塗料及び感圧複写紙

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US2711375A (en) * 1951-08-24 1955-06-21 Ncr Co Pressure sensitive manifold sheet
US3016308A (en) * 1957-08-06 1962-01-09 Moore Business Forms Inc Recording paper coated with microscopic capsules of coloring material, capsules and method of making
US3179600A (en) * 1960-03-10 1965-04-20 Ncr Co Minute color-forming capsules and record material provided with such
US3201353A (en) * 1960-06-14 1965-08-17 American Agricultural Chem Co Micro-inclusions and method of making same
US3432327A (en) * 1964-03-13 1969-03-11 Pilot Pen Co Ltd Pressure sensitive copying sheet and the production thereof
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US2711375A (en) * 1951-08-24 1955-06-21 Ncr Co Pressure sensitive manifold sheet
US2655453A (en) * 1952-04-23 1953-10-13 Ncr Co Manifold sheet having a crushresistant transfer film
US3016308A (en) * 1957-08-06 1962-01-09 Moore Business Forms Inc Recording paper coated with microscopic capsules of coloring material, capsules and method of making
US3179600A (en) * 1960-03-10 1965-04-20 Ncr Co Minute color-forming capsules and record material provided with such
US3201353A (en) * 1960-06-14 1965-08-17 American Agricultural Chem Co Micro-inclusions and method of making same
US3432327A (en) * 1964-03-13 1969-03-11 Pilot Pen Co Ltd Pressure sensitive copying sheet and the production thereof
US3481759A (en) * 1966-08-22 1969-12-02 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Impact marking carbonless paper

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3844816A (en) * 1971-05-12 1974-10-29 Plywood Champion Papers Inc Grafted, polymeric microcapsular system
US3763347A (en) * 1972-04-13 1973-10-02 Ncr Co Vaporous lamp
US3852092A (en) * 1972-06-05 1974-12-03 J Patterson Thermally responsive elastic membrane
US3955025A (en) * 1973-10-02 1976-05-04 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Pressure-sensitive copying sheet
US3955026A (en) * 1973-10-02 1976-05-04 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Pressure-sensitive recording sheet
US3940539A (en) * 1973-10-31 1976-02-24 Ncr Corporation Pressure-sensitive recording sheet
US4140336A (en) * 1974-07-29 1979-02-20 Moore Business Forms, Inc. Product and process for reducing discoloration in carbonless copying systems
DE2536319A1 (de) * 1975-08-14 1977-02-17 Rudolf Hinterwaldner Verwendung von mikrohohlkoerpern in reaktivierbaren einkomponentensystemen, verfahren zur reaktivierung und die anwendung derselben
US4223060A (en) * 1976-01-19 1980-09-16 Wiggins Teape Limited Pressure-sensitive copying paper
US4211437A (en) * 1978-04-25 1980-07-08 Appleton Papers Inc. Stilt capsules for pressure-sensitive record material
US4764362A (en) * 1986-10-22 1988-08-16 The Cook Bates Company Nail-conditioning emery boards and process for making them
US4813976A (en) * 1986-10-22 1989-03-21 The Cook Bates Company Nail-conditioning emery boards and process for making them
US4936607A (en) * 1988-01-27 1990-06-26 Moore Business Forms, Inc. Security for images formed by impact based systems
US5033773A (en) * 1988-01-27 1991-07-23 Moore Business Forms Security for images formed by impact based systems
EP1441911A2 (en) * 2001-10-11 2004-08-04 Appleton Papers Inc. Microcapsules having improved printing and efficiency
EP1441911A4 (en) * 2001-10-11 2007-07-04 Appleton Paper Inc MICROCAPSULES HAVING IMPROVED PRINT CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE
US11958307B2 (en) 2016-09-29 2024-04-16 Fujifilm Corporation Material composition for pressure measurement, material for pressure measurement, and material set for pressure measurement
US11230130B2 (en) 2017-06-02 2022-01-25 Fujifilm Corporation Material composition for pressure measurement, material for pressure measurement, and material set for pressure measurement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1235991A (en) 1971-06-16
DE1955542A1 (de) 1970-06-04
DE1955542C3 (de) 1971-09-02
SE354807B (xx) 1973-03-26
NL6916785A (xx) 1970-05-12
GB1253394A (en) 1971-11-10
NL167631B (nl) 1981-08-17
CH505706A (fr) 1971-04-15
NL167631C (nl) 1981-08-17
AT295556B (de) 1972-01-10
SE354992B (xx) 1973-04-02
FR2022860A1 (xx) 1970-08-07
NL6916784A (xx) 1970-05-12
BE741397A (xx) 1970-04-16
DE1955542B2 (de) 1971-01-28

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Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:TUVACHE, INC.;GERMAINE MONTEIL COSMETIQUES CORPORATION (CHANGED TO APPLETON PAPERS);REEL/FRAME:004108/0262

Effective date: 19811215