US3617283A - Simultaneous bleach-fixing method in color photography - Google Patents
Simultaneous bleach-fixing method in color photography Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3617283A US3617283A US636669A US3617283DA US3617283A US 3617283 A US3617283 A US 3617283A US 636669 A US636669 A US 636669A US 3617283D A US3617283D A US 3617283DA US 3617283 A US3617283 A US 3617283A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- color
- bleach
- fixing
- compound
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 9
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 9
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- -1 iron complex salt Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract description 3
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGDSHSYDSCRFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound CN=C=S LGDSHSYDSCRFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003585 thioureas Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylethanolamine Chemical compound CNCCO OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011126 aluminium potassium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- DXHPZXWIPWDXHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monosulfide Chemical compound [S+]#[C-] DXHPZXWIPWDXHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002540 isothiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940050271 potassium alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000000276 potassium ferrocyanide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(2+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
- G03C7/30—Colour processes using colour-coupling substances; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
- G03C7/42—Bleach-fixing or agents therefor ; Desilvering processes
- G03C7/421—Additives other than bleaching or fixing agents
Definitions
- Color processing in general, consists of a number ofsteps, such as, color developing, stopping, bleaching, fixing, hardening and stabilizing, which need various chemicals depending on the light-sensitive materials to be processed.
- steps such as, color developing, stopping, bleaching, fixing, hardening and stabilizing, which need various chemicals depending on the light-sensitive materials to be processed.
- Such processings are carried out, for example, by passing the material to be processed through a color developing bath, a stop fixing bath, a water washing bath, a bleach-fixing bath, another water washing bath, a hardening bath, a further water washing bath and a stabilizing bath.
- the material maybe passed through the successive baths by leader belt and and roller means.
- potassium ferricyanide tends to be convened into potassium ferrocyanide.
- the bleaching and fixing power is not always sufficient, but the coexistence of the oxidizing agent and thiosulfate is possible. Therefore the bleaching and fixing can proceed simultaneously in one bath.
- thiourea or its derivative may be added to the bleach-fixing bath so as to increase the bleaching utility.
- color stain often occurs from contamination of bleachfixing solution with the color developing solution. This phenomenon has been proved to relate closely to the construction of photographic materials and the type of photographic emulsions.
- the upper layer is more susceptible to color stain. Therefore, in a color printing paper consisting of a red-sensitive layer with a cyan coupler as the uppermost layer, a green-sensitive layer with a magenta coupler as the middle layer, and a blue-sensitive layer with a yellow coupler as the lowermost layer, for example, cyan color stain occurs. Conversely, in a color printing paper having a blue-sensitive layer containing a yellow coupler as the uppermost layer, a green-sensitive layer containing a magenta coupler as the middle layer, and a red-sensitive layer containinga cyan coupler as the lowermost layer, yellow color stain occurs.
- a magenta color stain occurs in a color positive film having three emulsion layers in thefollowing order, from the top, a green-sensitive layer containing a magenta coupler, a red-sensitive layer containing a cyan coupler and a blue-sensitive layer containing a yellow coupler.
- a magenta color stain occurs even in the presence of an extremely small amount of thiourea or its derivative, for instance, a IO -IO g./l. color-developing solution thereof.
- it is nearly impossible to prevent such color stain since many of the thiourea derivatives have absorptive properties and the elimination thereof is very difficult.
- thiourea or its derivatives are absorbed on the leader belt and cannot be completely eliminated during the processing steps after bleach-fixing; that is, during the stages of washing, hardening, final washing and stabilizing. Therefore, thiourea or its derivatives, absorbed on the leader belt, enters into the color developing solution, resulting in color stain.
- R, and R are alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl and allyl groups or they may be linkedtogether to-form a heterocyclic ring
- R is an alkyl,.hydroxyalkyl or allyl group when R and R, do not-form a heterocyclic ring
- the compound- (I) showed remarkable acceleration of bleaching reaction in every case where it is added to a bath between the color developin'g'and bleach-fixing, or to a bleach-fixing bath itself.
- Compound 7 Compound 1 may be synthesized in the conventional manner by heating ethylenediamine with carbon disulfide in a mixed solvent of water and alcohol (Cf. Roger Adams, Organic Synthesis published by John Wiley & Sons Co. Vol. 26, p. 34).
- Compound 2 and compound 3 are similarly synthesized by reacting the corresponding diamine with carbon sulfide.
- Compound 4 is obtained by reacting methyl isothiocyanate with N-methyl-ethanolamine in ether, distilling the ether and recrystallizing the residue from ethyl acetate.
- the amount of the foregoing compound to be added to bleach-fixing solution is from 0.1 g./l. to the minimum dissolving amount of each compound, preferably 0.3 g./l. to 5 g./l. These compounds may be used separately or together.
- the acceleration of bleaching reaction by the compound can also be observed when it is added to any of the processing solutions between the color development and bleach-fixing bath in an amount within the range mentioned above.
- EXAMPLE 2 Compounds l-9 were added to a color developing solution containing N-ethyl-N-fl-hydroxyethyl-p-phenylenediamine and dissolved completely. A color positive film was then treated with color developing solutions respectively to give the following results.
- magenta stain was formed.
- EXAMPLE 3 Compounds [-8 of example 1 were added to the following bleach-fixing solution by the amount of 2 g. per lOOO ml. respectively. 1,000 11 iron Salt of EDTA 34 g. Sodium Carbonate (monohydrate) H g. Boric Acid 45 g. Sodium Thiosulfalc g. Additive 2 g. Water to Make 1,000 ml. pH 6.8
- a color paper was exposed. developed, fixed and then passed through these bleach-fixing baths. The times required to remove the developed silver were shown in the table below.
- EXAMPLE 4 Compounds 1-7 of example 1 were added to the following stop fixing solution in an amount of l g. per 1000 ml. respectively.
- R and R each represents a member of an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group, and aryl group and an allyl group, said R and R, can form together a heterocyclic ring
- R represents a member selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group and a an allyl group when R and R do not form a heterocyclic ring
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2837766 | 1966-05-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3617283A true US3617283A (en) | 1971-11-02 |
Family
ID=12246932
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US636669A Expired - Lifetime US3617283A (en) | 1966-05-06 | 1967-05-08 | Simultaneous bleach-fixing method in color photography |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3617283A (xx) |
| BE (1) | BE698038A (xx) |
| DE (1) | DE1547876A1 (xx) |
| ES (1) | ES340238A1 (xx) |
| GB (1) | GB1150466A (xx) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3767401A (en) * | 1971-12-15 | 1973-10-23 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Regeneration of photographic bleach/fix baths |
| US4033771A (en) * | 1973-08-16 | 1977-07-05 | Eastman Kodak Company | Stabilized bleach-fixing baths |
| US4191575A (en) * | 1972-12-07 | 1980-03-04 | Philip A. Hunt Chemical Corp. | Two-step photographic processing of black and white images which enhances the images by controlled bleaching during fixing immediately following development and which produces black and white images with reduced density in low density areas |
| US4322493A (en) * | 1978-09-26 | 1982-03-30 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Reversal processing methods for black and white photographic light-sensitive materials |
| US4500632A (en) * | 1981-09-09 | 1985-02-19 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for stabilizing silver images |
| US4554242A (en) * | 1984-01-12 | 1985-11-19 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method for processing color photographic light-sensitive material |
| US4769312A (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1988-09-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method of processing silver halide color photographic material including the use of a two bath desilvering system comprising two baths |
| US4812389A (en) * | 1985-09-25 | 1989-03-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for processing silver halide color photographic material containing DIR coupler having a group functioning as a development inhibitor |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1029592A (en) * | 1972-12-07 | 1978-04-18 | Philip A. Hunt Chemical Corporation | Two-step photographic processing of black and white images which enhances the images by controlled bleaching during fixing immediately following development and which produces black and white images with reduced density in low-density areas |
| JPS58105150A (ja) * | 1981-12-17 | 1983-06-22 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | カラ−写真処理装置 |
| DE3723195A1 (de) * | 1987-07-14 | 1989-01-26 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | Bleichbaeder mit bleichbeschleunigenden substanzen |
| GB9005130D0 (en) * | 1990-03-07 | 1990-05-02 | Kodak Ltd | Silver removal from photographic products |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2487446A (en) * | 1945-12-08 | 1949-11-08 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Process for preventing stains on photographic color material during drying following exposure, bleaching, and fixing treatment |
| US3034893A (en) * | 1959-03-27 | 1962-05-15 | Rolf S Bruenner | Method of dissolving finely divided metals |
| US3189452A (en) * | 1961-12-05 | 1965-06-15 | Eastman Kodak Co | Color-forming photographic process utilizing a bleach-fix followed by a bleach |
| US3372030A (en) * | 1962-12-14 | 1968-03-05 | Pavelle Corp | Method of shortening the processing time of color photography |
-
1967
- 1967-05-05 GB GB21147/67A patent/GB1150466A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-05-05 BE BE698038D patent/BE698038A/xx unknown
- 1967-05-06 DE DE19671547876 patent/DE1547876A1/de active Pending
- 1967-05-06 ES ES340238A patent/ES340238A1/es not_active Expired
- 1967-05-08 US US636669A patent/US3617283A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2487446A (en) * | 1945-12-08 | 1949-11-08 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Process for preventing stains on photographic color material during drying following exposure, bleaching, and fixing treatment |
| US3034893A (en) * | 1959-03-27 | 1962-05-15 | Rolf S Bruenner | Method of dissolving finely divided metals |
| US3189452A (en) * | 1961-12-05 | 1965-06-15 | Eastman Kodak Co | Color-forming photographic process utilizing a bleach-fix followed by a bleach |
| US3372030A (en) * | 1962-12-14 | 1968-03-05 | Pavelle Corp | Method of shortening the processing time of color photography |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3767401A (en) * | 1971-12-15 | 1973-10-23 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Regeneration of photographic bleach/fix baths |
| US4191575A (en) * | 1972-12-07 | 1980-03-04 | Philip A. Hunt Chemical Corp. | Two-step photographic processing of black and white images which enhances the images by controlled bleaching during fixing immediately following development and which produces black and white images with reduced density in low density areas |
| US4033771A (en) * | 1973-08-16 | 1977-07-05 | Eastman Kodak Company | Stabilized bleach-fixing baths |
| US4322493A (en) * | 1978-09-26 | 1982-03-30 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Reversal processing methods for black and white photographic light-sensitive materials |
| US4500632A (en) * | 1981-09-09 | 1985-02-19 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for stabilizing silver images |
| US4554242A (en) * | 1984-01-12 | 1985-11-19 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method for processing color photographic light-sensitive material |
| US4812389A (en) * | 1985-09-25 | 1989-03-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for processing silver halide color photographic material containing DIR coupler having a group functioning as a development inhibitor |
| US4769312A (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1988-09-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method of processing silver halide color photographic material including the use of a two bath desilvering system comprising two baths |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1547876A1 (de) | 1969-12-11 |
| BE698038A (xx) | 1967-10-16 |
| ES340238A1 (es) | 1968-06-01 |
| GB1150466A (en) | 1969-04-30 |
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