US3610329A - Tube plate for hot gas coolers - Google Patents

Tube plate for hot gas coolers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3610329A
US3610329A US888399A US3610329DA US3610329A US 3610329 A US3610329 A US 3610329A US 888399 A US888399 A US 888399A US 3610329D A US3610329D A US 3610329DA US 3610329 A US3610329 A US 3610329A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
tube
gas
tube plate
annular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US888399A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ferdinand Markert
Michael Schunck
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BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19681817043 external-priority patent/DE1817043A1/de
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
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Publication of US3610329A publication Critical patent/US3610329A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/185—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding with additional preformed parts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/16—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with non-aqueous liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/12—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically the surrounding tube being closed at one end, e.g. return type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0075—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for syngas or cracked gas cooling systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to heat exchangers for hot gases and more particularly to a pressure-resistant tube plate for hot gas coolers having tubes provided with additional cooling means at the gas inlet ends.
  • the gases produced have high temperatures; they must be cooled before further processing and the sensible heat they contain recovered.
  • high gas velocities are often necessary.
  • the metal surfaces exposed to the gas stream, particularly the tubes must not be heated excessively. Difficulties arise particularly in gas coolers in which the gas flows through the tubes and high-pressure steam is to be raised in the outer chamber.
  • the tube plates must then be fairly thick-walled and in standard design it is often impossible to abstract sufficient heat from the ends of the tubes through which the gas enters and which are exposed to the most intensive heating effects.
  • a tube plate wherein the tubes conveying the gas to be cooled are double-walled forming a jacket around each tube, the two walls being annularly interconnected to close the jacket at the gas inlet ends of the tubes, and baffle tubes are inserted in the annular jackets and secured in a supplementary tube sheet.
  • the space surrounding these baffle tubes between the supplementary tube plate and the load-bearing tube plate facing the gas chamber may communicate with the outer chamber in the hot gas cooler or the jacketing chamber may be closed at both ends, in which case a special coolant may be admitted thereinto and withdrawn therefrom through separate pipes.
  • FIG. I is a cross section of the tube plate on the gas inlet side of a cooler for hot gases.
  • the tube plate 1 is contained in a shell provided with a flange at each end.
  • Flange A connects the shell to gasifying chamber and flange B provides the connection to a cooling chamber or waste heat boiler.
  • the design of the cooling chamber or waste heat boiler with its heat exchanging surfaces in the form of tube coils or the like does not form part of the present invention.
  • Lengths of tube 2 are fitted into the tube plate I by suitable conventional means. These tube lengths project from the plate in a direction contrary to the direction of flow of the gas stream entering the hot gas cooler from the gasification chamber.
  • the tubes 3 through which this gas stream flows are coaxially inserted into the tube lengths 2 so that lengths of double-walled tubes or, in other words, narrow annular cavities or jackets C are formed.
  • the free ends of the two tubes 2 and 3 defining this jacket are drawn together and welded to close the jacket at this end.
  • baffle tubes 4 are coaxially inserted into the annular jackets C and fitted into a supplementary plate 5 spaced away from the tube plate I.
  • the free ends of the baffle tubes 4 inside the jackets terminate a short distance away from the interconnected ends of tubes 2 and 3 and thus leave an opening at this point for the passage therethrough of the coolant.
  • the interconnected tube ends which constitute the inlets for the hot gas entering the tubes 3 may have varying cross sections.
  • the inlet end of the tube 3 which enters the cooling chamber or waste heat boiler is shaped by being flared towards the larger diameter length of tube 2 and connected thereto, so that a fairly sharp annular edge having the diameter of the length of tube 2 is formed.
  • both the end of the length of tube 2 and that of its associated gas tube 3 are rounded to form a toroidal configuration which improves the abstraction of heat and the conditions of flow outside and inside the tubes.
  • the toroidal configuration of the connection between the tube length 2 and the gas tubes 3 also permits the wall thickness in the region of the connection to be reduced.
  • the connection shown in FIG. 3 may be made by welding prefabricated toroidal rings to the ends of the tubes 2 and 3. These rings may consist of special high-temperature resistant materials.
  • baffles 6 resembling guide blades may be affixed to the ends of the baffle tubes 4 to generate a vortex type of flow about the axis of each tube 3 in its inlet region.
  • the proposed design of the tube plate and of the inlets ends of the tubes 3 can be further improved by other structural features. Excessive heating of the thick tube plate I can be prevented by allowing the tube length 2 to project far enough into the gas chamber. Moreover, in the spaces between the projecting tube lengths 2 a composition 8 rammed into place or shaped bricks may be provided to form an insulation. For holding the composition in place the tube lengths 2 are advantageously provided with radial studs or other conventional anchoring elements.
  • the heat flux at the entry into the flue gas tubes may be so high that excessive heating at these points can be prevented only by using a coolant having a fairly low temperature.
  • a coolant having a fairly low temperature.
  • this could be done for instance by using cold boiler feedwater for cooling the inlet portions.
  • this could consume high-mm perature heat for further heating the feedwater and this heat would no longer be available in chamber E for raising steam.
  • a coolant having a very low temperature may nevertheless be used without adverse effect on steam generation if the annular jackets C do not communicate with the outer chamber E of the heat exchanger and separate flow channels are provided for the admission and discharge of a coolant in natural or forced circulation.
  • the pipes which carry the colder coolant out of the annular jackets are preferably taken through the outer chamber E of the heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section of a hot gas cooler incorporating this feature.
  • Each of the baflle tubes 4 which are coaxially inserted into the annular jackets is connected by a web 50 to the associated tube length 2.
  • the ends of the baffle tube 4 terminate just short of the ends of the annular jacket C and thus determine the cross section of flow available to the colder coolant which enters through pipe 6 and leaves through pipe 7 for cooling the points of entry of the gas into the flue gas tubes 3 independently of the heat exchange in chamber E.
  • the outlet pipes 7 for the colder coolant may extend a short distance through the chamber for the warmer coolant. The heat thus transferred assists natural circulation through the pipes 6 and 7.
  • the quantity of heat absorbed by the colder coolant in the annular jackets C should preferably be limited
  • the separately cooled portion of the tube 2 should not be longer than is necessary to provide adequate protection to the flue gas tubes 3. It may be useful to vary the lengths of the tubes 2 which form the cooling jackets and/or to stagger the points of entry of the gas into the flue gas tubes 3 in the axial direction.
  • a tube plate adapted for use in a hot gas cooler in which the pressure difl'erential between the gas and the coolant is high and which serves for cooling hot gases flowing at high velocity through the gas-conveying tubes which comprises a tube-mounting plate, a plurality of gas-conveying tubes mounted in and extending through said plate, the gas-inlet ends of said gas-conveying tubes being double-walled and forming an annular jacket around each tube, the two annular walls thereof being annularly interconnected to close the respective jackets at the gas inlet ends of said tubes, the jacketed portion ol'said tubes projecting beyond the upstream plane of said tube plate. and battle tubes coaxially mounted in respective annular jackets and terminating in spaced relationship to the annular interconnection of the respective gas inlet ends of said gas-conveying tubes.
  • a tube plate as claimed in claim I a supplementary tube sheet downstream from said tube plate, said gas-conveying tubes extending through respective openings in said tube sheet, and said baflle tubes respectively being mounted in said openings with an annular space between respective gas-conveying tubes and baflle tubes, said annular spaces respectively communicating said jackets and the space between said tube sheet and said tube plate.
  • a tube plate as claimed in claim 3 wherein said pipe means for withdrawing said coolant fluid are vertical riser pipes.
  • a tube plate as claimed in claim 1 means for introducing a coolant fluid communicating with the annular space between said baffle tubes and the respective outer wall of said jacket, and means for withdrawing said coolant fluid via the annular space between said baffle tube and said gas-conveying tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US888399A 1968-12-27 1969-12-29 Tube plate for hot gas coolers Expired - Lifetime US3610329A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681817043 DE1817043A1 (de) 1968-03-30 1968-12-27 Rohrboden fuer Heissgaskuehler fuer hohe Differenzdruecke

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3610329A true US3610329A (en) 1971-10-05

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Family Applications (1)

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US888399A Expired - Lifetime US3610329A (en) 1968-12-27 1969-12-29 Tube plate for hot gas coolers

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NL (1) NL6919308A (en))

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3802497A (en) * 1970-02-23 1974-04-09 J Kummel Heat exchanger for cooling gases
FR2408807A1 (fr) * 1977-11-15 1979-06-08 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Suspension pour faisceau de tubes de grand diametre soumis a de fortes contraintes thermiques, en particulier pour fours tubulaires de fission
US4182407A (en) * 1976-10-21 1980-01-08 B. V. Neratoom Tube sheet comprising two interspaced sheet members and heat exchanger comprising at least one such tube sheet
US4191246A (en) * 1979-03-05 1980-03-04 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Device to reduce local heat flux through a heat exchanger tube
US4585057A (en) * 1982-09-30 1986-04-29 Krw Energy Systems Inc. Cooled tubesheet inlet for abrasive fluid heat exchanger
US4770239A (en) * 1986-05-21 1988-09-13 Struthers Wells, S.A. Heat exchanger
US5570741A (en) * 1995-01-19 1996-11-05 Deutsche Babcock-Borsig Ag Water compartment for a heat exchanger
EP1310758A3 (en) * 2001-11-12 2004-08-11 OLMI S.p.A. Connection of an uncooled pipe and a cooled pipe in particular for double pipe heat exchangers
WO2005116560A1 (en) * 2004-05-25 2005-12-08 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Apparatus for cooling a hot gas
WO2007116045A1 (en) * 2006-04-12 2007-10-18 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Apparatus and process for cooling hot gas
AU2005200351B2 (en) * 2004-01-30 2009-08-13 Arvos Gmbh Device for introducing hot gas into a heating surface pipe of a waste heat boiler
US20120205082A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2012-08-16 Montestruc Iii Alfred Noel Simplified flow shell and tube type heat exchanger for transfer line exchangers and like applications
KR101227444B1 (ko) * 2004-05-25 2013-01-29 쉘 인터내셔날 리써취 마트샤피지 비.브이. 고온 가스의 냉각 장치
US20190293320A1 (en) * 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 Dongho Kim Extreme condensing boiler
IT201800020257A1 (it) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-20 Hexsol Italy Srl Giunzioni per tubi a doppia parete in scambiatori di calore e scambiatori di calore e scambiatori con tali giunzioni

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2818892C2 (de) * 1978-04-28 1988-12-22 Bronswerk B.V., Amersfoort Wärmeaustauscher zum Abkühlen heißer Gase

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US826773A (en) * 1904-07-01 1906-07-24 Franz Engleitner Condenser.
US2372079A (en) * 1941-04-19 1945-03-20 American Locomotive Co Heat exchanger
US2475025A (en) * 1946-10-26 1949-07-05 Universal Oil Prod Co Reactor for close temperature control
US2649285A (en) * 1948-11-20 1953-08-18 Brown Fintube Co Air cooler
US2853277A (en) * 1956-04-16 1958-09-23 Griscom Russell Co Tube sheet and leakage detection construction for heat exchanger

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US826773A (en) * 1904-07-01 1906-07-24 Franz Engleitner Condenser.
US2372079A (en) * 1941-04-19 1945-03-20 American Locomotive Co Heat exchanger
US2475025A (en) * 1946-10-26 1949-07-05 Universal Oil Prod Co Reactor for close temperature control
US2649285A (en) * 1948-11-20 1953-08-18 Brown Fintube Co Air cooler
US2853277A (en) * 1956-04-16 1958-09-23 Griscom Russell Co Tube sheet and leakage detection construction for heat exchanger

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3802497A (en) * 1970-02-23 1974-04-09 J Kummel Heat exchanger for cooling gases
US4182407A (en) * 1976-10-21 1980-01-08 B. V. Neratoom Tube sheet comprising two interspaced sheet members and heat exchanger comprising at least one such tube sheet
FR2408807A1 (fr) * 1977-11-15 1979-06-08 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Suspension pour faisceau de tubes de grand diametre soumis a de fortes contraintes thermiques, en particulier pour fours tubulaires de fission
US4258781A (en) * 1977-11-15 1981-03-31 L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh Suspension for a thermally heavy load cylindrical pipe assembly
US4333514A (en) * 1977-11-15 1982-06-08 L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh Suspension for a thermally heavy load cylindrical pipe assembly
US4191246A (en) * 1979-03-05 1980-03-04 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Device to reduce local heat flux through a heat exchanger tube
US4585057A (en) * 1982-09-30 1986-04-29 Krw Energy Systems Inc. Cooled tubesheet inlet for abrasive fluid heat exchanger
US4770239A (en) * 1986-05-21 1988-09-13 Struthers Wells, S.A. Heat exchanger
US5570741A (en) * 1995-01-19 1996-11-05 Deutsche Babcock-Borsig Ag Water compartment for a heat exchanger
EP1310758A3 (en) * 2001-11-12 2004-08-11 OLMI S.p.A. Connection of an uncooled pipe and a cooled pipe in particular for double pipe heat exchangers
AU2005200351B2 (en) * 2004-01-30 2009-08-13 Arvos Gmbh Device for introducing hot gas into a heating surface pipe of a waste heat boiler
US20090236084A1 (en) * 2004-05-25 2009-09-24 Lau Tecksoon Apparatus for cooling a hot gas
CN101389920B (zh) * 2004-05-25 2010-11-03 国际壳牌研究有限公司 用于冷却热气体的设备
KR101227444B1 (ko) * 2004-05-25 2013-01-29 쉘 인터내셔날 리써취 마트샤피지 비.브이. 고온 가스의 냉각 장치
WO2005116560A1 (en) * 2004-05-25 2005-12-08 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Apparatus for cooling a hot gas
US8186423B2 (en) 2004-05-25 2012-05-29 Shell Oil Company Apparatus for cooling a hot gas
AU2007235916B2 (en) * 2006-04-12 2010-06-17 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Apparatus and process for cooling hot gas
US20070267171A1 (en) * 2006-04-12 2007-11-22 Herwig Uwe Apparatus and process for cooling hot gas
US7628121B2 (en) 2006-04-12 2009-12-08 Shell Oil Company Apparatus and process for cooling hot gas
WO2007116045A1 (en) * 2006-04-12 2007-10-18 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Apparatus and process for cooling hot gas
US20120205082A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2012-08-16 Montestruc Iii Alfred Noel Simplified flow shell and tube type heat exchanger for transfer line exchangers and like applications
US8672021B2 (en) * 2010-02-12 2014-03-18 Alfred N. Montestruc, III Simplified flow shell and tube type heat exchanger for transfer line exchangers and like applications
US20190293320A1 (en) * 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 Dongho Kim Extreme condensing boiler
US10935280B2 (en) * 2018-03-23 2021-03-02 Dongho Kim Extreme condensing boiler
IT201800020257A1 (it) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-20 Hexsol Italy Srl Giunzioni per tubi a doppia parete in scambiatori di calore e scambiatori di calore e scambiatori con tali giunzioni
WO2020128957A1 (en) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-25 Hexsol Italy Srl Junctions for double-walled tubes in heat exchangers and exchangers with such junctions
EP3899396B1 (en) 2018-12-20 2022-09-14 Hexsol Italy Srl Heat exchanger having an end junction
US11656031B2 (en) 2018-12-20 2023-05-23 Hexsol Italy Srl Junctions for double-walled tubes in heat exchangers and exchangers with such junctions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6919308A (en)) 1970-06-30

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