US3585356A - Liquid support for human bodies - Google Patents

Liquid support for human bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
US3585356A
US3585356A US58499A US5849970A US3585356A US 3585356 A US3585356 A US 3585356A US 58499 A US58499 A US 58499A US 5849970 A US5849970 A US 5849970A US 3585356 A US3585356 A US 3585356A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bladder
liquid
support
adult human
human bodies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US58499A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles P Hall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WBX PARTNERS A CA LP
Innerspace Environments Inc
Original Assignee
Innerspace Environments Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=45787741&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US3585356(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority to GB1725570A priority Critical patent/GB1288319A/en
Application filed by Innerspace Environments Inc filed Critical Innerspace Environments Inc
Priority to US58499A priority patent/US3585356A/en
Priority to NL7103415A priority patent/NL7103415A/xx
Priority to AU26550/71A priority patent/AU441177B2/en
Priority to CH453771A priority patent/CH551173A/fr
Publication of US3585356A publication Critical patent/US3585356A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Assigned to MONTEREY MANUFACTURING CO., A CORP. OF CA. reassignment MONTEREY MANUFACTURING CO., A CORP. OF CA. LICENSE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HALL, CHARLES P.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to WBX PARTNERS, A CA LIMITED PARTNERSHIP reassignment WBX PARTNERS, A CA LIMITED PARTNERSHIP ASSIGNMENT OF A PART OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST Assignors: HALL, CHARLES P.
Assigned to FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, THE, AS AGENT reassignment FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, THE, AS AGENT SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ADVANCED SLEEP PRODUCTS, A CORP. OF CA
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C21/00—Attachments for beds, e.g. sheet holders, bed-cover holders; Ventilating, cooling or heating means in connection with bedsteads or mattresses
    • A47C21/04—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating
    • A47C21/048—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating for heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/08—Fluid mattresses or cushions
    • A47C27/085—Fluid mattresses or cushions of liquid type, e.g. filled with water or gel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S5/00—Beds
    • Y10S5/907—Beds with decorative structure

Definitions

  • the instant invention embodies a new concept in furniture by providing a yieldable support material which absorbs or damps shocks while supporting a membranelike flexible material upon which a person may sit, recline, etc.
  • the flexible material allows the person using the furniture to be supported by the yieldable material with equal force throughout the entire area of contact. Utilizing a liquid ,as the yieldable material, the person experiences many of the same sensations experienced while floating in water. The single notably absent sensation is that of getting wet, because of the presence of membranelike material.
  • Articles of furniture manufactured in accordance with the teachings of this invention are truly three-dimensional articles which depart from the conventional designs which have long attempted to fit two basically'flat planes that of the body and that of the furniture togethen'in attempting to make a person comfortable.
  • the body contour support is alive in that it tends to surround the user rather than to reshape him; in a sense, the support is worn," rather than used.
  • An article of furniture embodying the principles of this invention provides the user with full support, softness, warmth, and total relaxation such that any feeling of tension or being ill at ease rapidly disappears. Further, it has been found that persons sleeping on an article embodying these principles experience a very deep sleep with no tossing and/or turning because there is no uneven exertion of supporting force on the body and no restriction of blood circulation.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a support of the above character which can accommodate a plurality of adult humans in sitting and reclining positions.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a support of the above character which includes means for dampening shock waves in the liquid so that on body is not disturbed by the movements of another of the support.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic, sectional illustration of the invention, showing the structural relationships of the various elements thereof.
  • FIG. 2a illustrates one embodiment of the invention, as viewed along line II-II in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2b illustrates another embodiment of the invention, as viewed along line lI-II in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the invention which includes small blocks of a material such as styrofoam floating upon the surface of the liquid.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the invention which includes means for continuously recirculating and heating the liquid.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view, partially broken, of one em bodiment of a bed incorporating the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the bed illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the supporting framework of the bed shown in FIG. 5, illustrating the mounting of a heating element.
  • FIG. 8 is a top plan view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, with the liquid filled bladder removed to illustrate the mounting of a heating element for heating the liquid in the bladder.
  • the thermostat for controlling the temperature of the liquid is shown schematically.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a bed incorporating the present invention which is particularly suitable for use in hospitals.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a sofa incorporating a present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 10.
  • an envelope or bag 11 greatly exaggerated in thickness, which may be of vinyl, rubber, or any other scalable, nonporous or waterproof substance.
  • a fluid such as water, is inserted in the bag through a passage 13 so as to pressurize the interior of the bag.
  • the pressure in the bag, and thus the firmness or softness of the article of furniture, may be controlled by the amount of fluid put into it.
  • the bag is situated within a container 15 which determines the shape of the article as the bag becomes inflated.
  • the container may be of any desired shape and size and may, in fact, be the walls of a room or of a sunken conversation pit.
  • the container may be a nylon reinforced vinyl band of any shape which acts as a girdle for the bag and need not extend under the bag.
  • a heatingdevice such as a radiant heating cable 17, is situated within the container and is utilized to heat the bag and fluid to a temperature between 85 and 105 F.--approximately the temperature of the human body. This heating obviates the cold, clammy feeling normally inherent in fluid filled envelopes.
  • a lightweight strip of aluminum 19, such as foil, may be placed above and below the cable 17 to protect the surface of the bag 11 and container 15. If desired, suitable insulation, etc. could be provided and the cable could be placed within the bag rather than outside of it.
  • a suitable material may either replace or be placed in the fluid so as to provide this effect.
  • a liquid with a high viscosity rating, a grease, a gelatin, or other material may be placed in the bag.
  • one preferred method of producing the dampening effect is to place a suitable solid material 21 in suspension in the fluid within the bag. It has been found that ground or shredded styrofoam at a volume ratio of about 1 to 3 to water produces satisfactory results. As an alternative, the styrofoam may be replaced by starch or other material which will stay in suspension in the fluid.
  • FIG. 3 an alternate embodiment of the invention is shown wherein small blocks 23 of a material such as styrofoam float upon the entire surface of the fluid.
  • the spacing between the blocks has been greatly exaggerated; in reality, the blocks actually rubagainst each other and their reaction with the fluid provides independent support for all parts of a body positioned on the bag.
  • FIG. 4 there is once again shown a bag 11 containing water and the particles 21.
  • a pump 25 draws the waterin the bag through a strainer 27, to keep the styrofoam from entering the pump, and a hose 29, and then passes it to a heater 31. After being heated, the water passes through a second hose 33 and returns to the envelope.
  • any suitable heat transfer means of which cable 17 and heater 31 are good examples, may be utilized to heat the water so long as it is capable of maintaining the temperature of the water within the envelope at a temperature close to normal body temperature, but at least within the range of 85 105 F
  • the heater 31 may comprise a plaster block in.
  • the bag may completely fill a room or may be confined by specially constructed walls or the walls of a sunken conversation pit.
  • the envelope may also be covered with any suitable material so that it blends into its surroundings and creates a slight "breathing barrier" between a person on the article and the envelope itself.
  • FIGS. -8 illustrate a presently preferred embodiment ofa bed incorporating the invention which is particularly suitable for home use.
  • This bed includes a flexible bladder 41, a
  • the bladder 41 is fabricated of a substantially inelastic material such as vinyl plastic. Throughout this application the term inelastic" is used to denote a material which is flexible but does not stretch when it is deformed or flexed. In a preferred embodiment all seams in the bladder are ultrasonically welded to provide a liquid-tight enclosure.
  • This bladder has substantially planar top and bottom walls 47 and 48, respectively, which are maintained in a spaced apart relationship by the liquid within the bladder.
  • the top wall 47 is adapted for receiving a human body and maintaining the body separated from the liquid, and the wall 48 rests upon a supporting surface provided by the framework 43.
  • Means is provided for filling anddraining the bladder.
  • This means includes. a flexible tubing 49 connected at one end in fluid communication with the interior of the bladder 41. At the other end, the tubing is provided with a fitting 51 for connection to a conventional water hose, as illustrated at 52.
  • the fitting 51 includes a conventional valve for controlling the communication with the interior of the bladder. When not in use, the tubing 49 can be tucked out of sight between the bladder and the framework 43.
  • the liquid 42 can be any liquid of high viscosity, such as water.
  • the volumeof the liquid is preferably slightly less than the capacity of the bladder so that the bladder is substantially filled, but not placed in tension, by the liquid.
  • the bladder might contain on the order of 200 gallons of water.
  • the bladder is substantially filled with liquid, there is preferably no air in the bladder.
  • the framework 43 defines a cavity 53 in which the water filled bladder is disposed.
  • This cavity is open at the top and is defined by a rectangular bottom wall 54 and end and sidewalls 56 and 57, respectively, extending upward from the ends and sides of a rectangular bottom wall.
  • the cavity 53 has a volume substantially equal to the volume of liquid in the bladder 41.
  • the bottom wall 48 of the bladder rests upon' the upper surface of the rectangular bottom wall 56, and the top wall 47 of the bladder is substantially level with the upper portions of the walls 56, 57.
  • a person resting upon the top wall 47 is supported by the buoyant effect of the liquid within the bladder.
  • the framework 43 is fabricated in the form of a shell molded of a rigid thermoplastic material such as an acrylic or ABS plastic.
  • the end and sidewalls of the shell include inclined inner portions which engage the bladder between its top and bottom walls, a horizontal portion generally level with the top wall of the bladder, and a generally vertical outer portion which is formed to include a recessed area 58 adapted for receiving a decorative bandof material.
  • the band 59 can be changed to match the decor of the room in which the room is located.
  • the heating element 44 comprises an electrical heating element of the resistance type.
  • This heating element is mounted on the bottom surface of the rectangular bottom wall 54 of the framework shell and is held in place by means of a layer of fiberglass 61 which is sprayed over the bottom surface of the wall 54.
  • the fiberglass serves as an insulator, directing the heat from the element toward the liquid in the bladder.
  • the layer of fiberglass can be replaced with a sheet of plastic similar to the material of which the framework shell is fabricated. This sheet is conveniently secured to the framework shell by riveting. With the heating element enclosed between the bottom wall and the plastic sheet, the body of liquid in the bladder 41 draws the heat upward from the heating element.
  • the heating element can be placed inside the bladder or it can be placed on top of the bladder in a form similar to an electric blanket.
  • the thermostat 46 is mounted in a recess 62 which is provided in the top portion of one of the sidewalls 57. It is connected to the heating element 44 by means of insulated conductors 63 and is adapted for connection to a conventional source of alternating current through a line cord 64.
  • a temperature sensing bulb 66 is mounted on-the framework 43 proximate the bladder 41 and connected to the thermostat as indicated 67.
  • the thermostat is a conventional unit which includes a dial 68 for adjusting the temperature of the liquid and a lamp 69 for indicating when the heating element is energized.
  • the bed shown in FIGS.'58 is supported by a generally rectangular block 71 upon which the rectangular bottom wall 54 and fiberglass layer 61 rest;
  • this block is fabricated of a light weight material such as urathane or styrene.
  • other base structures can be utilized with this bed. However, it is desirable that such structures provide direct support for a substantial portion of the area of the bottom wall 54.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a bed incorporating the present invention which is particularly suitable for use in institutions such as hospitals. Except for its shape, this bed is generally similar to the king size bed illustrated in FIGS. 58. This bed, however, is mounted upon a conventional hospital bed framework 72, with the rectangular bottom wall 54 resting directly upon this framework. This bed also differs from that shown in FIGS. 5-- 8 in that a drain opening 73 is provided in at least one of the sidewalls 57 to prevent an invalid patient from being drowned should a leak develop in the bladder 41. In this embodiment, the heating element 44 is again sealed between the bottom wall 54 and the layer of fiberglass insulation. Thus, even if leakage should occur and liquid should drain through the opening 73, there is no danger of the patient being electrocuted by the heating element.
  • FIG. illustrates a sofa embodying the present invention which is suitable for supporting a plurality of persons.
  • This sofa includes a generally square bladder 76 mounted in a framework 77.
  • the bladder 76 is filled with aliquid 78 such as water to provide buoyant support for persons resting upon the sofa.
  • a liquid 78 such as water to provide buoyant support for persons resting upon the sofa.
  • a plurality of. solid particles 79 of a material such as Styrofoam are enclosed within the bladder. These particles serve to dampen shock waves in the liquid 78 so that one person is not disturbed by the movements of another on the sofa. Also, these particles provide additional support for the persons on the sofa.
  • the framework 77 is fabricated of wood. It includes a large square member 81 upon which the bladder 76 rests. The member 81 rests upon supported upon a base structure 82.
  • the frame also includes an inner sidewall 83, and outer side wall 84, and a horizontal deck 86 extending between the tops of the sidewalls.
  • the sidewalls and deck extend around the periphery of the bladder 76, with the inner wall 83 providing lateral support for the bladder.
  • the outer sidewall and deck' are padded and covered with a decorative upholstery material 87.
  • the framework is formed in two sections to facilitate moving. These two sections are joined together along a vertical plane intennediate and parallel to two of the oppositely disposed sidewalls.
  • the sofa also includes a heating element 88 and thermostat 89 for maintaining the temperature of the liquid 78 at a desired level.
  • This heating element and thermostat are similar to those described hereinbefore.
  • the heating element 88 is mounted on top of the horizontal frame member 81, and separated from the bladder 76 by a layer of thermally conductive material 91 such as aluminum foil.
  • the thermostat 89 is mounted in a control panel 92 which is mounted in the deck 86.
  • a reading light 93 is also mounted on the control panel 91, and, if desired, other controls, such as sound system controls, can be mounted on the panel.
  • a bladder formed of a flexible substantially inelastic material, said bladder having an upper wall of sufficient size for receiving a plurality of adult human bodies in sitting and reclining positions, a body of liquid enclosed within and filling said bladder so there is substantially no air in said bladder, a rigid framework providing lateral support for the body of liquid in said bladder, whereby said body of liquid and said upper wall are adapted for floatably supporting the adult human bodies on the upper surface of said wall in such manner that said wall accommodates the contours of said bodies without contacting the bottom wall of said bladder, and means for heating the body of liquid in said bladder.
  • abladder formed of a flexible substantially inelastic material, said bladder having anupper wall of sufficient size for receiving a plurality of adult human bodies in sitting and reclining positions, a body of liquid enclosed within and filling said bladder so there is substantially no air in said bladder, a rigid framework providing lateral support for the body of liquid in said bladder, whereby said body of liquid and said upper wall are adapted for floatably supporting the adult human bodies on the upper surface of said wall in such manner that said wall accommodates the contours of said bodies without contacting the bottom wall of said bladder.
  • a bladder of flexible substantially inelastic material defining a single closed chamber, said bladder having an upper wall of sufficient size to support a plurality of adult human bodies;
  • a rigid circumscribing framework separable from said bladder exteriorly engaging the sides of said bladder and preventing lateral distortion thereof;
  • the height of said bladder being sufficient that an adult human body on said upper wall causes the same to conform to all lower surface portions of the body to floatingly support the same asubstantial distance above the bottom of said bladder.
  • a bladder of flexible substantially inelastic material defining a single closed chamber, said bladder having an upper wall of sufficient size to support a plurality of adult .human bodies;
  • a rigid circumscribing frame work separable from said bladder exteriorly engaging the sides of said bladder and human body on said upper wall causes the same to conform to all lower surface portions of the body to floatingly support the same a substantial distance above the bottom of said bladder; and heating means for maintaining said body of liquid desired temperature.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
US58499A 1970-04-10 1970-07-27 Liquid support for human bodies Expired - Lifetime US3585356A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1725570A GB1288319A (pl) 1970-04-10 1970-04-10
US58499A US3585356A (en) 1970-04-10 1970-07-27 Liquid support for human bodies
NL7103415A NL7103415A (pl) 1970-04-10 1971-03-15
AU26550/71A AU441177B2 (en) 1970-04-10 1971-03-15 Liquid support for human bodies
CH453771A CH551173A (fr) 1970-04-10 1971-03-29 Meuble du type canape ou lit.

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1725570A GB1288319A (pl) 1970-04-10 1970-04-10
US58499A US3585356A (en) 1970-04-10 1970-07-27 Liquid support for human bodies
NL7103415A NL7103415A (pl) 1970-04-10 1971-03-15
AU26550/71A AU441177B2 (en) 1970-04-10 1971-03-15 Liquid support for human bodies
CH453771A CH551173A (fr) 1970-04-10 1971-03-29 Meuble du type canape ou lit.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3585356A true US3585356A (en) 1971-06-15

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US58499A Expired - Lifetime US3585356A (en) 1970-04-10 1970-07-27 Liquid support for human bodies

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3585356A (pl)
AU (1) AU441177B2 (pl)
CH (1) CH551173A (pl)
GB (1) GB1288319A (pl)
NL (1) NL7103415A (pl)

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Also Published As

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AU441177B2 (en) 1973-10-04
AU2655071A (en) 1972-10-26
CH551173A (fr) 1974-07-15
NL7103415A (pl) 1972-09-19
GB1288319A (pl) 1972-09-06

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