US3529357A - Method and apparatus for high-speed drying of gypsum board - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for high-speed drying of gypsum board Download PDF

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Publication number
US3529357A
US3529357A US761220A US3529357DA US3529357A US 3529357 A US3529357 A US 3529357A US 761220 A US761220 A US 761220A US 3529357D A US3529357D A US 3529357DA US 3529357 A US3529357 A US 3529357A
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United States
Prior art keywords
drying
gypsum
air
chamber
strip
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US761220A
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English (en)
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Henry W Schuette
Richard N Hune
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Coe Manufacturing Co
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Moore Dry Kiln Co
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Assigned to MOORE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION reassignment MOORE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MOORE DRY KILM COMPAY OF OREGON
Assigned to COE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, THE reassignment COE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, THE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MOORE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION A CORP. OF OREGON
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes

Definitions

  • a compact, multi-tiered continuous-type gypsum drier comprising an insulated multi-zone drying chamber in which a heated air drying medium is directed through a plurality of staggered jet nozzles at high temperature (3 001,000 F.) and high velocity (2,500-10,000 feet per mlnute) to impinge normally against the respective major surfaces of a moving gypsum board strip. After impingement on the gypsum strip the drying medium is swept laterally to the direction of the movement of the gypsum material and then recirculated in relatively short closed loops which lie in perpendicular planes relative to the longitudinal direction of strip travel.
  • the jet nozzles though spaced over the width and length of the gypsum strip passing through the chamber, are clustered towards the center band of the strip so as to prevent overdrying of the edges of the gypsum board. Uniform velocity and temperature at the point of impingement of the drying medium on the gypsum strip is maintained over the width thereof by lateral tapering of the jet nozzle air boxes and by alternating the direction of lateral circulation flow in successive drier zones.
  • This invention relates to an apparatus and method for the high-speed drying of gypsum board and similar mineral products in which excess moisture is removed from a moving strip of wet processed material by the controlled application of a heated air medium. More particularly, the present invention employs an insulated drying chamber having a plurality of jet nozzles directing high-temperature air at extremely high velocity to impinge at right angles against the top and bottom surfaces of a moving horizontal strip of gypsum board.
  • the exemplary embodiment of the invention disclosed herein relates to the drying of gypsum board, in which a layer formed of a wet gypsum and binder composite is first sandwiched within a paper wrapping and then dried
  • these teachings are also applicable to the high-speed treatment of mineral board and other similar mineral materials such as lime, plaster of Paris, clay, asbestos, etc. which, together with suitable binders added for strength and stability, are formed into strips or sheets and then subjected to drying or heat curing.
  • Gypsum board often referred to as wallboard, is comprised of a layer of gypsum and binder material which while wet is first wrapped within a paper covering and thereafter dried to form the finished product.
  • the great bulk of gypsum or wallboard is cut into 4 x 8 foot panels from continuous four-foot wide strips in which, for building construction purposes, the lateral edges are tapered to a bevel commencing approximately 1 /2 inches from the edges.
  • the technique for drying gypsum board material utilizes single or multi-tiered systems in which the heated air flow is recirculated through the drying chamber in a longitudinal direction, that is, parallel with the direction of movement of the gypsum strip or strips through the system.
  • the air flow pattern at the interface of the board surfaces is always horizontal and parallel to the strip direction.
  • a drying system would be comprised of several isolated temperature zones, each providing a region of different en vironmental temperature conditions for removal of excess moisture from the gypsum product.
  • a faster and more uniformly controlled removal of moisture is effected from the wet gypsum board strip through the use of a plurality of high-velocity air jets spaced throughout the drying chamber and directing hightemperature heated air normal to the surfaces of the gypsum board strip.
  • the overall length of the drier chamber may be substantially reduced over conventional designs because of the more eificient moisture removal provided by the jet drying action.
  • the recirculatory paths for the heated air flow are arranged in planes perpendicular, rather than parallel, to the longitudinal direction of board movementthereby resulting in a greatly reduced path length for the air flow and an essentially constant temperature environment throughout the length of a drying zone.
  • the jet nozzles are disposed to direct air vertically against both the upper and lower surfaces of the moving horizontal gypsum strip and, though spaced throughout the drying chamber, are reduced in number at the location points opposing the edge areas of the strip in order to prevent overdrying of these thin critical areas.
  • the invention is in the form of a multi-zone, eight-deck drier, the eight tiers of gypsum board strips being driven through the insulated drying chamber by horizontal rolltype conveyors.
  • the drying air medium is directly heated in the respective zones by a plurality of gas-fired burners to various temperatures Within the range 3001,000 F. and is circulated by a corresponding set of fans mounted on top of the drying chamber arranged to circulate the air flow in a series of short closed loops disposed transverse to the direction of board movement.
  • the air flow velocity through the jet nozzle system is maintained uniform along the width of the chamber by the utilization of tapered air boxes, and the direction of lateral air flow is reversed in successive zones of the drying chamber, both expedients serving further to minimize any irregularities or unevenness in board moisture content.
  • drying of gypsum board is effected by the application of high-velocity, high-temperature jet air flows directed normally to the respective major surfaces of the moving strip material.
  • the heated air flow, used for drying of the gypsum board strip is recirculated in closed paths of relatively short length disposed in planes perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of strip movement.
  • Still another distinctive feature of the present invention is the provision of a tapered construction for the laterallyarranged jet-nozzle air box sections by means of which the jets of heated air are maintained at uniform velocity over the width of the gypsum strip.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary top plan view of an illustrative embodiment of the drier system of the present invention showing a portion of the longitudinal length of the drying chamber thereof, but with the remainder being identical and repetitive of the portion shown.
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of the drying chamber shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the drying chamber taken along the lines 33 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged crosssectional view, partially broken away, showing a detail portion of that shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view, taken along the lines 55 in FIG. 4, showing the arrangement and location of the jet nozzles on one of the air box modular sections of the drier system.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged detail view showing the jet nozzle construction and air flow configuration at the point of impingement on the gypsum strip.
  • FIG. 7 is a partially fragmentary, perspective view, on greatly enlarged scale, of a portion of a set of respective modular air box sections schematically illustrating the air flow configuration across the face of the gypsum strip.
  • FIGS. 1-4 there is depicted a gypsum drier system constructed according to the teachings of the present invention.
  • the drier system is comprised of a thermally insulated chamber, generally designated as 10, which in one typical embodiment consists of some fifteen modular six-foot long sections, each generally similar to the seven sections shown, 12a 12g, totaling some feet in length.
  • the wet gypum board material after some preliminary conventional drying is fed in the form of strips of up to twenty-four foot length to the chamber inlet on the left-hand side of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the material travels horizontally through the chamber 10 toward the right, emerging in a dry state after passing through 2; number of serially-connected modular sections 12a
  • the drying chamber is exemplarily designed to handle eight decks of gypsum board strips and is sufliciently wide to carry on each tier two four-foot Wide strips in near abutting arrangement, so that in toto the drier system has the capacity for processing simultaneously sixteen four-foot wide strips of gypsum board material.
  • Each of the strips 15 is conveyed horizontally through the core of the drying chamber 10 by means of conventional roll-type conveyors 18 which are driven by an associated side-mounted chain-and-sprocket arrangement 19 from a suitable motor transmission means (not shown).
  • the multi-tiered conveyor 18 and associated drive 19 are supported within the core of the chamber by a box-like skeletal framework comprised of horizontal members 20, 21 and vertical supports 23, 24.
  • a C-shaped' plenum passage 30 which, together with the chamber core, provides a circular path for closed circulation of the driving medium. Tracing the flow path'of the air within the chamber section, as schematically indicated by the arrows in FIG. 3, the air is first pressurized by the turbofan 38, which is driven by an associated belt and motor 39, and then heated to a suitable temperature within the range 300-1000 by a burner 35 supplied with gas from a pressurized line source (not shown) over a piping network 36a 3612.
  • the heated air After heating, the air is forced laterally by the fan across the top of the plenum chamber, and then downward into the left vertical portion 30a of the C-shaped passage.
  • the heated air next passes into the respective inlets of a plurality of laterally-extending hollow rectangular air boxes 40 associated with respective tiers of the conveyor 18.
  • the heated air exits from the air boxes at high velocity through a plurality of jet nozzles 42 spaced in a staggered arrangement over the top and bottom surfaces thereof. (As indicated in FIG. 4, the respective topmost and bottommost air boxes in the tier arrangement have their jet nozzles 42 disposed on only one surface thereof, whereas the intermediate air box sections are provided with jet nozzles on both of their respective major surfaces.)
  • the heated air emerges from an individual jet nozzle 42 at high velocity, typically 2,500-10,000 linear feet per minute, to' impinge perpendicularly to the horizontal surface of the moving gypsum strip 15.
  • high velocity typically 2,500-10,000 linear feet per minute
  • the high-velocity, hightemperature jet action produces an efficient and rapid drying of the wet gypsum board material and, because of the disruption of the interface boundary layer which occurs due to the sharp right-angle impingement of the jet stream on the fiat surface of the strip, the drying action is extremely thorough.
  • each of the air boxes 40 is tapered inward along its length so as to reduce the cross section and thereby maintain the pressure head constant as the entering air stream flows deeper into the air box.
  • each of the air boxes 40 tapers gradually inward to a reduced cross section.
  • This tapered air box configuration serves to maintain the resultant exit jet stream velocity constant over the lateral length of the air box section, and thus prevents the possibility of any uneven drying occurring along the width of the gypsum strip.
  • one of the more significant advantages of the present invention is the rapid drying which is achieved through the use of highvelocity, hightemperature jet streams directed perpendicularly to the plane of the moving gypsum strip.
  • the density of the jet nozzle grouping on the portions of the section box opposing the edges of the gypsum board strips is reduced so that the drying action along the edge bands of each strip is considerably decreased.
  • a typical gypsum drying system would consist of additional numbers of modular chamber sections 12 in addition to the seven shown. In one typical installation some fifteen of these modular chambers are serially connected so that the resulting drying chamber area has an overall length of some ninety feet.
  • the temperature environment within the drying chamber is not maintained constant over its length, but is instead broken down into three or four zones of differing temperatures so as to optimize the moisture removal process and the curing of the material.
  • the seven modular sections 12a 12g are divided into two temperature zones with separate drying environments being maintained therein. Sections 12a 12c comprise the first zone, and the remaining four modules 12d 12g serve as a second zone, with each of the zones being maintained under respective environmental conditions by associated controlled means (not shown).
  • a principal feature of the present invention is that the direction of lateral air flow of the drying medium over the surface of the gypsum strip is reversed in successive temperature zones.
  • the air flow across the top of the plenum is from bottom to top, resulting in a cross-circulation flow across the surfaces of the tiered gypsum board strips which, when looking at a righthand end view, is from right to left or clockwise.
  • the direction of flow is reversed so that the cross-circulation lateral air flow across the surfaces of the tiered strips is from left to right or counter-clockwise as shown in FIG. 3.
  • This reversal of cross-circulation directional flow virtually eliminates any irregularity in drying action across the surface of the board 'by compensating for any gradient effects due to cooling or moisture saturation which would otherwise be present as the drying medium sweeps laterally across the strip.
  • an operative embodiment of a mult-tiered drier system constructed according to the teachings of the present invention which was recently installed in a commercial gypsum plant is now satisfactorily processing sixteen strips of four-foot wide gypsum board on a continuous production run basis at the rate of 110 feet per minute with far better quality control in contrast to a drying chamber of conventional design requiring 40 percent greater length for the same production capacity.
  • Apparatus for simultaneously heat-treating a multiple number n of layers of substantially impervious planar material having substantial cross-sectional thickness comprising: a plurality of modular sections coupled together to form a longitudinally-extending heat-insulated chamber having a core opening extending as a tunnel through the length thereof; means for horizontally supporting said layers in spaced relationship within said chamber tunnel core and for advancing said layers therethrough; and each of said modular sections having n+1 number of laterallyextending hollow air boxes positioned in a vertical stack transversely across said core opening and interdigitally spaced with respect to said layers, each of said air boxes having a plurality of nozzles disposed in a spaced array horizontally thereover for directing jets of high-temperature, high-velocity air to impinge normally against respective major surfaces of said material layers, with the intermediate ones of said air boxes having said nozzles disposed on both upper and lower horizontal surfaces thereof, means for coupling a source of pressurized heated air to the respective inlets of said air boxes, and means directing said air jets
  • Apparatus for drying gypsum board material comprising: a longitudinally-extending heat-insulated chamber having a core opening extending as a tunnel through the length thereof, drive means for advancing said material horizontally through said chamber tunnel core, a plurality of nozzles arranged in a spaced array throughout said chamber and coupled to a source of pressurized heated air for directing jets of high-temperature air at high velocity substantially perpendicularly to the major surfaces of said material advancing through said tunnel, and means for directing said air jets, after impingement on said material, to flow laterally across the major surfaces thereof in a unidirectional sweeping action transversely to the directon of movement of said material.
  • a method for heat-treating gypsum board material of the type having tapered lateral edges comprising the steps of: advancing said material in direction of its strip length through a controlled environmental region, subjecting said material within said region to a plurality of jet streams of high-velocity, high-temperature air directed substantially perpendicularly to the major surfaces of said moving strip, with the number of jet streams impinging against the thin edge portions of said material as it travels through said environmental region being substantially less than the corresponding number of jets impinging against the remaining portion of said material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US761220A 1968-09-20 1968-09-20 Method and apparatus for high-speed drying of gypsum board Expired - Lifetime US3529357A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3739490A (en) * 1971-06-01 1973-06-19 Weyerhaeuser Co Orifice pattern for jet dryers
US5611151A (en) * 1994-06-10 1997-03-18 Busch Co. Strip cooling, heating, wiping or drying apparatus and associated method
US5970626A (en) * 1997-01-17 1999-10-26 Babcock-Bsh Gmbh Dryer for broad articles
US6581302B1 (en) * 1999-05-12 2003-06-24 Rudi Philipp Dryer for goods in strip or panel form
WO2007065672A1 (de) * 2005-12-07 2007-06-14 Goller Textilmaschinen Gmbh Mehrstufendüse
WO2010003096A1 (en) 2008-07-03 2010-01-07 Certain Teed Gypsum, Inc. System and method for using board plant flue gases in the production of syngas
WO2015106182A1 (en) 2014-01-13 2015-07-16 Saint-Gobain Placo Sas Apparatus and method for constructing building boards using low friction surfaces
US9488411B2 (en) 2009-12-21 2016-11-08 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Method and device for drying sheets of drywall
CN106766876A (zh) * 2016-12-16 2017-05-31 莆田市荣兴机械有限公司 一种隧道炉上下两侧屏蔽均匀加热方法
WO2019174784A1 (de) * 2018-03-15 2019-09-19 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Düsenkasten für eine trocknungsvorrichtung zum trocknen plattenartiger materialien
US20210025653A1 (en) * 2018-03-15 2021-01-28 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Method and device for drying boards
CN113551513A (zh) * 2021-07-13 2021-10-26 太仓北新建材有限公司 一种石膏板干燥机的控温容错系统及方法
CN115280545A (zh) * 2020-11-18 2022-11-01 株式会社Lg新能源 包括用于分配流量的筛网的干燥电极基板的设备和方法
US12410094B2 (en) 2019-04-11 2025-09-09 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Method for drying slab-shaped materials and drying device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7514476U (de) * 1975-05-06 1976-02-26 Ab Svenska Flaektfabriken, Nacka (Schweden) Transportoer fuer plattenfoermiges material
DE2613512A1 (de) * 1976-03-30 1977-10-06 Buettner Schilde Haas Ag Zweistufiges trocknungsverfahren und trocknungsanlage
DE2705760A1 (de) * 1977-02-11 1978-08-17 Artos Meier Windhorst Kg Vorrichtung zum trocknen von breitgefuehrten textilbahnen u.dgl.
DE29701755U1 (de) * 1997-02-01 1997-04-17 Babcock-BSH GmbH, 36251 Bad Hersfeld Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln von durchlaufenden platten- oder bandförmigen Gütern
DE202009017286U1 (de) 2009-12-21 2010-05-12 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Gipsplatten
DE102011109659B4 (de) * 2011-08-08 2016-07-14 Christian Böe Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Halbzeug-Bauelementes
DE102018002074A1 (de) 2018-03-15 2019-09-19 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Trocknungsvorrichtung zum Trocknen von Gipsplatten
CN110645771A (zh) * 2018-06-26 2020-01-03 北新集团建材股份有限公司 一种纸面石膏板的制备方法及干燥机

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US835843A (en) * 1906-07-12 1906-11-13 Henry Baetz Feed mechanism for drying apparatus.
US2758386A (en) * 1951-09-05 1956-08-14 Moore Dry Kiln Co Drier method for veneer
US3199213A (en) * 1961-07-12 1965-08-10 Crown Zellerbach Canada Ltd Method of changing the moisture content of wood
US3358384A (en) * 1967-12-19 Device for regulating the discharge op a gaseous medium
US3371427A (en) * 1965-09-14 1968-03-05 Proctor & Schwartz Inc Apparatus for processing web material

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3358384A (en) * 1967-12-19 Device for regulating the discharge op a gaseous medium
US835843A (en) * 1906-07-12 1906-11-13 Henry Baetz Feed mechanism for drying apparatus.
US2758386A (en) * 1951-09-05 1956-08-14 Moore Dry Kiln Co Drier method for veneer
US3199213A (en) * 1961-07-12 1965-08-10 Crown Zellerbach Canada Ltd Method of changing the moisture content of wood
US3371427A (en) * 1965-09-14 1968-03-05 Proctor & Schwartz Inc Apparatus for processing web material

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3739490A (en) * 1971-06-01 1973-06-19 Weyerhaeuser Co Orifice pattern for jet dryers
US5611151A (en) * 1994-06-10 1997-03-18 Busch Co. Strip cooling, heating, wiping or drying apparatus and associated method
US5970626A (en) * 1997-01-17 1999-10-26 Babcock-Bsh Gmbh Dryer for broad articles
US6581302B1 (en) * 1999-05-12 2003-06-24 Rudi Philipp Dryer for goods in strip or panel form
WO2007065672A1 (de) * 2005-12-07 2007-06-14 Goller Textilmaschinen Gmbh Mehrstufendüse
US9862903B2 (en) 2008-07-03 2018-01-09 Certainteed Gypsum, Inc. System and method for using board plant flue gases in the production of syngas
EP2313634A4 (en) * 2008-07-03 2016-01-20 Certainteed Gypsum Inc SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THE USE OF FIBER REPLACEMENT GASES IN THE PRODUCTION OF SYNGAS
WO2010003096A1 (en) 2008-07-03 2010-01-07 Certain Teed Gypsum, Inc. System and method for using board plant flue gases in the production of syngas
US9488411B2 (en) 2009-12-21 2016-11-08 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Method and device for drying sheets of drywall
US10589443B2 (en) 2014-01-13 2020-03-17 Saint-Gobain Placo Sas Apparatus and method for constructing building boards using low friction surfaces
WO2015106182A1 (en) 2014-01-13 2015-07-16 Saint-Gobain Placo Sas Apparatus and method for constructing building boards using low friction surfaces
CN106766876A (zh) * 2016-12-16 2017-05-31 莆田市荣兴机械有限公司 一种隧道炉上下两侧屏蔽均匀加热方法
CN106766876B (zh) * 2016-12-16 2018-12-21 莆田市荣兴机械有限公司 一种隧道炉上下两侧屏蔽均匀加热方法
CN111886467A (zh) * 2018-03-15 2020-11-03 格林策巴赫Bsh有限责任公司 用于干燥板状材料的干燥装置的喷嘴盒
WO2019174784A1 (de) * 2018-03-15 2019-09-19 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Düsenkasten für eine trocknungsvorrichtung zum trocknen plattenartiger materialien
US20210018265A1 (en) * 2018-03-15 2021-01-21 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Nozzle box for a drying device for drying board-shaped materials
US20210025653A1 (en) * 2018-03-15 2021-01-28 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Method and device for drying boards
US12007166B2 (en) * 2018-03-15 2024-06-11 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Method and device for drying boards
US12410094B2 (en) 2019-04-11 2025-09-09 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Method for drying slab-shaped materials and drying device
CN115280545A (zh) * 2020-11-18 2022-11-01 株式会社Lg新能源 包括用于分配流量的筛网的干燥电极基板的设备和方法
EP4106039A4 (en) * 2020-11-18 2023-10-11 LG Energy Solution, Ltd. Electrode substrate drying equipment comprising screen for flow distribution, and method thereof
CN115280545B (zh) * 2020-11-18 2025-05-16 株式会社Lg新能源 包括用于分配流量的筛网的干燥电极基板的设备和方法
CN113551513A (zh) * 2021-07-13 2021-10-26 太仓北新建材有限公司 一种石膏板干燥机的控温容错系统及方法

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Publication number Publication date
GB1244392A (en) 1971-09-02
FR2018553A1 (enExample) 1970-05-29
DE1946696A1 (de) 1970-04-30

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Owner name: MOORE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:MOORE DRY KILM COMPAY OF OREGON;REEL/FRAME:003815/0339

Effective date: 19801126

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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:MOORE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION A CORP. OF OREGON;REEL/FRAME:004063/0883

Effective date: 19821026