US3491843A - Mechanism for widening galleries applicable to drilling machines - Google Patents

Mechanism for widening galleries applicable to drilling machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3491843A
US3491843A US621005A US3491843DA US3491843A US 3491843 A US3491843 A US 3491843A US 621005 A US621005 A US 621005A US 3491843D A US3491843D A US 3491843DA US 3491843 A US3491843 A US 3491843A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
drill bit
galleries
blades
transporter
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US621005A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jose Molina Rodriguez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agroman Empresa Constructora SA
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Agroman Empresa Constructora SA
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Publication date
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Publication of US3491843A publication Critical patent/US3491843A/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/16—Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/22—Rods or pipes with helical structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/003—Drilling with mechanical conveying means
    • E21B7/005—Drilling with mechanical conveying means with helical conveying means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • E21D9/124—Helical conveying means therefor

Definitions

  • the mechanism of the present invention which is applicable to drilling machines, enables the system of drilling galleries to be simplified by employing means which permit the utilization of drill bits of normal diameter in order to drill galleries of a larger diameter, and which can be applied in horizontal or inclined galleries and, in particular, to the drilling of galleries of large dimensions.
  • the basis of the device which is being claimed in this application consists of a mechanism which, once drilling has been effected With a normal drill bit, is coupled to the end of the shaft of the said drill bit and which is equipped with blades and effects a relative angular movement with respect to that of the shaft supporting the drill bit; this movement is different and preferably in the opposite direction, being communicated by a transmission system connected to the shaft supporting the drill bit, or by means of a motor independent of the said drill bit.
  • the mechanism is arranged in a housing or casing which adheres sufiiciently to the walls of the gallery being drilled so as to immobilize the rotary movement tendency of the machine, without hindering its longitudinal forward travel.
  • a system of blades or rotary excavating means driven by an independent motor or by a transmission system coupled to the end of the shaft of the drill bit of smaller diameter than the housing of the blades, which blades rotate at a different angular velocity, and preferably in an opposite direction with respect to the movement of the shaft of the drill bit, this movement being the normal rotatory movement of the said drill bit.
  • the blades or excavating means form a solid unit with a sprocket which forms part of a planetary system whose central .pinion forms a solid unit with the shaft of the drill bit itself.
  • a housing or casing which surrounds the mechanism, and in which there are fixed the supported bearings, the said housing being equipped with means which ensure its adherence to the walls of the orifice produced, so that they fix the system in a rotary sense and allow the blades or excavating means to turn in a direction opposed to the direction of rotation of the drill bit.
  • Means of traction independent of the helicoidal extractor are employed, and which apply the excavating devices against the front to be excavated, consequently relieving the said extractor from the resultant stress so that it carries out solely its function as an extractor or detritus.
  • the helicoidal extractor is constituted by sections which are coupled together by means of suitable fixing devices, the said lengths being composed of two parts in the form of half-rounds each one of which has the part of the helix which corresponds to it, and the said parts of each length are joined by suitable means of fixing.
  • the means of traction referred to may be steel cables housed in the interior of the tubular shaft of the extractor in such a manner that the latter may revolve without difficulty while the cables remain taut.
  • the excavator system is constituted by a complex of rotary excavating means, whose movement is independ ent, and which are fitted on a reaming head, which in turn is endowed with a rotary movement, and which describes circles concentric with the axis of the Archimedes screw of the extractor, with an angular velocity diifering from that of the said screw and preferably in an opposite direction.
  • the said elements are driven by a common motor, or by various independent motors through a suitable transmission system.
  • FIGURE 1 shows the longitudinal diagram of a mechanism devised in accordance with what is being claimed and fitted in a horizontal drilling.
  • FIGURE 2 which is a section through the diameter, is a partial view of the detail of the left-hand part of the mechanism shown in FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 shows in diagrammatic form the transversal projection of the mechanism, and indicates the relative positions of the shaft of the extractor, the blades, the satellite gears and the plate.
  • FIGURE 4 which is a section through the diameter, shows the excavating head with traction elements independent of those of the drill bit.
  • FIGURE 5 shows a cross-section of the helicoidal transporter.
  • FIGURE 6 shows a lateral view on an enlarged scale, of the arrangement of the said transporter.
  • FIGURE 1 the broken line indicates the pilot hole in which the perforation occupied by the drill bit 5 has been effected and the mechanism which I have described is constituted by the motor 7, which serves to move the shaft 4 of the drill bit 5, at the end of which latter part there is connected the driving element 1 forming a solid part with the blades or cutting elements 2.
  • the motor 7 is fitted on a chassis which is supported by means of jacks or equivalent devices 6, in front of the mouth of the gallery perforated.
  • the shaft 4 has its sections coupled in such a way that its end protrudes beyond the opposite side of the pilot hole drilled and in the said end the mechanism 1 which drives the blades 2 is fitted, in such a manner that its angular velocity is different from that of the shaft 4 which moves in the direction indicated by the arrow 3, so that the blades 2 cut the earth, whose detritus falls towards the end of the drill bit 5, which acts as a helicoidal transporter and moves the said detritus to the end opposite that in which the motor 7 is fitted, that is to say in the direction marked by the arrow 3.
  • the detail of the arrangement of the mechanism, in the form of execution represented in FIGURES 2 and 3, is for example, with the blades 13 forming a solid part with the ring 17 and the plate 10, or fitted to the said plate in such a manner that they project from it, the said plate 10 having a ring gear in which the satellite gear 18 mesh, which satellite gears in turn mesh in the sun gear 20, which moves with the shaft of the transporter 16.
  • the shaft 15 is fitted and guided, axially and radially by means of hearings in the central part of the plate 10, and in the tubular lug 19 of the element 9 fixed to the casing 8, which in turn is equipped with fins 11 or with suitable elements by means of which it is fixed to the walls of drilling.
  • the blades 13 operate on the materials of pilot hole drilled and they usually excavate the earth from the pilot hole, the material extracted falling towards the end of the transporter 16, which moves it in the direction of forward movement of the blades. In this manner blockages which would hinder the forward movement of the device are avoided.
  • the transporter (FIGURES 5 and 6) is composed of the two parts 23 and 33, joined to one another by screws in order to constitute the tubular body which supports the respective semihelices 22 and 32.
  • the cables 21 are housed in the transporter and with the pertinent characteristics suitable for the traction effort to be carried out.
  • the cables 21 are anchored to the excavating head or support piece 30 by suitable fixing device 31, and are housed in a tubular body fixed to the bottom 7 of the said head around which in turn the ring gear 28 revolves by means of the corresponding bearings, the ring gear being driven by the pinions 27, moved directly or by suitable transmission systems by the motors 29 fitted on the support 30.
  • the ring gear 28 on the other side of the pinions 27 has a cavity, reinforced with struts, which houses the supporting bearings of the shafts of the rotary excavators 25, which shafts have on their other ends pinions which mesh with a central pinion provided with a central orifice Which allows the tubular body which houses the cables 21 to pass through.
  • the excavating device travels forward in this sense, there being perfectly insulated from the front and protected against the possible projection of the materials of the drilled nucleus, which materials are usually earth, the rotating complex of the pinions.
  • a coupling 26 preferably elastic, may be fitted, and the said coupling may be equipped with a friction device for the regulation of the torsional stress, the end of the helicoidal transporter being fixed to the said coupling in such a manner that the said helicoidal transporter turns, forming a solid unit with the complex, and causing the excavated material to travel in the direction shown by the arrow 24, so that it may emerge through the end and fall, as shown by 34, being subsequently extracted by a conventional transporter which is not shown in the drawings.
  • the coupling referred to may be be the terminal of a mechanism for reducing or multiplying the speed, with or without a change in the direction of rotation of the transporter, accrding to the circumstances arising in each application.
  • the cables supply the totality of the traction stress, which is obtained by means of a suitable mechanism, for example, a hydraulic system (not represented in the drawings), while the motor or motors 29 supply the energy necessary for the rotation of the excavating system and the extractor system.
  • a suitable mechanism for example, a hydraulic system (not represented in the drawings)
  • the motor or motors 29 supply the energy necessary for the rotation of the excavating system and the extractor system.
  • a machine for widening a gallery in the earth comprising: a rotatably-driven shaft carrying a helicoidal drill bit; rotary excavating means arranged at one end of said bit and operable to excavate a cavity of greater diameter than said bit; transmission means interconnecting said drill bit with said rotary excavating means for rotating the latter at a difierent angular velocity than said drill bit; a non-rotating casing surrounding and supporting said transmission means; and means for moving said machine longitudinally of said bit.
  • a machine as in claim 1 including means associated with said housing for adhering the latter to the earth at the" periphery of the gallery being widened.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US621005A 1966-04-01 1967-03-06 Mechanism for widening galleries applicable to drilling machines Expired - Lifetime US3491843A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES32502966 1966-04-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3491843A true US3491843A (en) 1970-01-27

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US621005A Expired - Lifetime US3491843A (en) 1966-04-01 1967-03-06 Mechanism for widening galleries applicable to drilling machines

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3491843A (xx)
DE (2) DE1533686A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1513066A (xx)
GB (1) GB1186224A (xx)
SE (1) SE338967B (xx)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3656563A (en) * 1970-02-16 1972-04-18 Charles F Blinne Apparatus and method for inserting casing beneath roadbeds
EP0050954A1 (en) * 1980-10-23 1982-05-05 Cementation Research Limited Boring tools
US4516878A (en) * 1981-10-13 1985-05-14 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Tunnel constructing
EP0146918A1 (de) * 1983-12-23 1985-07-03 Herrenknecht GmbH Tunnelbohrsystem zum Auffahren von Tunneln mittels Rohrvorpressung
EP0763648A1 (en) * 1995-09-14 1997-03-19 Rd Trenchless Ltd Oy Drilling apparatus and drilling method
WO1998036149A1 (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-20 Robert Charles Southard Novel drilling device and method of use
WO2001059248A1 (de) * 2000-02-11 2001-08-16 Alois Pichler Verfahren zum einziehen von rohren in ein bohrloch und einziehbohrkopf zur durchführung dieses verfahrens
US6488103B1 (en) 2001-01-03 2002-12-03 Gas Research Institute Drilling tool and method of using same
US20060102388A1 (en) * 2004-11-15 2006-05-18 Dennis Tool Company Drilling tool
CN102305033A (zh) * 2011-08-05 2012-01-04 长安大学 一种旋挖钻机用钻斗
CN114278326A (zh) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-05 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 一种桁架式垂直盾构机及竖井施工方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2938564A1 (de) * 1979-09-24 1981-04-09 Sanwa Kizai K.K., Tokyo Erdbohrer
DE3408246C2 (de) * 1984-03-07 1986-07-31 Witte Bohrtechnik GmbH, 3060 Stadthagen Vortriebseinrichtung zum Herstellen unterirdischer Hohlräume nach dem Rohrvorpreßverfahren

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1740761A (en) * 1926-06-21 1929-12-24 Berry Francois Jacq Barthelemy Machine for rock or coal cutting
US2084096A (en) * 1937-03-04 1937-06-15 Lewis Everett Marion Rotary oil well drilling apparatus
US2633334A (en) * 1949-11-14 1953-03-31 William H Lavender Boring tool
US2746719A (en) * 1952-05-22 1956-05-22 Alain R Seligman Drilling device for large bores
US2775439A (en) * 1951-03-21 1956-12-25 Timothy F Mccarthy Cutter head for driving crosscuts
US2837324A (en) * 1955-04-04 1958-06-03 West Canadian Collieries Ltd Apparatus for drilling large holes between galleries
US2839271A (en) * 1955-05-02 1958-06-17 Charles W Kandle Tunneling machine
US2920878A (en) * 1958-05-07 1960-01-12 Charles W Kandle Tunneling machine clean-up apparatus

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1740761A (en) * 1926-06-21 1929-12-24 Berry Francois Jacq Barthelemy Machine for rock or coal cutting
US2084096A (en) * 1937-03-04 1937-06-15 Lewis Everett Marion Rotary oil well drilling apparatus
US2633334A (en) * 1949-11-14 1953-03-31 William H Lavender Boring tool
US2775439A (en) * 1951-03-21 1956-12-25 Timothy F Mccarthy Cutter head for driving crosscuts
US2746719A (en) * 1952-05-22 1956-05-22 Alain R Seligman Drilling device for large bores
US2837324A (en) * 1955-04-04 1958-06-03 West Canadian Collieries Ltd Apparatus for drilling large holes between galleries
US2839271A (en) * 1955-05-02 1958-06-17 Charles W Kandle Tunneling machine
US2920878A (en) * 1958-05-07 1960-01-12 Charles W Kandle Tunneling machine clean-up apparatus

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3656563A (en) * 1970-02-16 1972-04-18 Charles F Blinne Apparatus and method for inserting casing beneath roadbeds
EP0050954A1 (en) * 1980-10-23 1982-05-05 Cementation Research Limited Boring tools
US4516878A (en) * 1981-10-13 1985-05-14 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Tunnel constructing
EP0146918A1 (de) * 1983-12-23 1985-07-03 Herrenknecht GmbH Tunnelbohrsystem zum Auffahren von Tunneln mittels Rohrvorpressung
EP0763648A1 (en) * 1995-09-14 1997-03-19 Rd Trenchless Ltd Oy Drilling apparatus and drilling method
GB2338014B (en) * 1997-02-18 2001-11-21 Robert Charles Southard Novel drilling device and method of use
WO1998036149A1 (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-20 Robert Charles Southard Novel drilling device and method of use
US5845721A (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-12-08 Southard; Robert Charles Drilling device and method of drilling wells
GB2338014A (en) * 1997-02-18 1999-12-08 Robert Charles Southard Novel drilling device and method of use
WO2001059248A1 (de) * 2000-02-11 2001-08-16 Alois Pichler Verfahren zum einziehen von rohren in ein bohrloch und einziehbohrkopf zur durchführung dieses verfahrens
US6488103B1 (en) 2001-01-03 2002-12-03 Gas Research Institute Drilling tool and method of using same
US20060102388A1 (en) * 2004-11-15 2006-05-18 Dennis Tool Company Drilling tool
US7712549B2 (en) 2004-11-15 2010-05-11 Dennis Tool Company Drilling tool
CN102305033A (zh) * 2011-08-05 2012-01-04 长安大学 一种旋挖钻机用钻斗
CN114278326A (zh) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-05 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 一种桁架式垂直盾构机及竖井施工方法
CN114278326B (zh) * 2021-12-27 2024-02-20 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 一种桁架式垂直盾构机及竖井施工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE6608575U (de) 1971-09-23
DE1533686A1 (de) 1970-10-22
GB1186224A (en) 1970-04-02
FR1513066A (fr) 1968-02-09
SE338967B (xx) 1971-09-27

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