US3481471A - Magnetic separator - Google Patents

Magnetic separator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3481471A
US3481471A US746853A US3481471DA US3481471A US 3481471 A US3481471 A US 3481471A US 746853 A US746853 A US 746853A US 3481471D A US3481471D A US 3481471DA US 3481471 A US3481471 A US 3481471A
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United States
Prior art keywords
roller
liquid
magnetizable
gap
contaminants
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Expired - Lifetime
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US746853A
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English (en)
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Heinrich Spodig
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/10—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers
    • B03C1/12—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers with magnets moving during operation; with movable pole pieces

Definitions

  • a magnetic separator for separating magnetizable and non-magnetizable contaminants from a liquid includes a housing of magnetizable material.
  • a magnetic roller is mounted for rotation in the housing so as to define therewith a restricted gap through which the liquid flows. The magnetizable contaminants are attracted to the roller while the latter is stationary and accumulate so as to extend across the gap in form of projections through which the liquid must pass.
  • the projections thus act as mechanical filters for the non-magnetizable contaminants and at the same time restrict the flow of liquid so that the liquid level will rise upstream of the accumulated projections.
  • a float is arranged upstream of the projections and connected with the drive for the roller so as to energize the drive when the liquid reaches a predetermined level. The rotation of the roller results in removal of the projections and of the non-magnetizable contaminants entrapped therein from the gap.
  • the present invention relates generally to magnetic separators, and more particularly to a magnetic separator for separating magnetizable and non-magnetizable contaminants from a liquid.
  • magnetizable particles hereafter identified as contaminants
  • These separators usually comprise a housing and a magnetic roller mounted for rotation within the housing and defining with the latter a gap through which the contaminated liquid flows.
  • the magnetizable contaminants are attracted to the roller and the latter is rotated so as to remove them from the gap and thereby separate them from the liquid.
  • the separation of the magnetizable contaminants from the magnetic roller is effected by a so-called wiper which is arranged so as to wipe the contaminants adhering to the surface of the roller 0E this surface during rotation of the roller.
  • Such constructions are highly efficient in separating magnetizable contaminants from liquids. They do not, however, constitute a significant aid in separating from the same liquid such other contaminants of a non-magnetizable nature as are frequently also present in the liquid.
  • a housing consisting of magnetizable material.
  • a normally stationary magnetic roller is mounted in the housing for rotation about a predetermined axis and defines with the housing a restricted gap extending longitudinally of the roller.
  • a magnetic field extends across this gap between the roller and the housing.
  • An inlet and an outlet are respectively provided in the housing and communicate with the gap adjacent the opposite ends of the roller so that a stream of liquid containing magnetizable and non-magnetizable contaminants may flow through the gap from the inlet to the outlet.
  • the magnetizable contaminants are attracted to the roller, forming thereon during continued accumulation one or more projections, the so-called beards, which extend across the gap toward the housing wall.
  • projections the so-called beards
  • Such projection or projections will extend completely across the gap so that liquid which continues to flow through the gap must filter through the projection or projections.
  • magnetizable contaminants contained in such liquid will add to the size of the projection, being attracted thereto, and non-magnetizable contaminants will be entrapped in the interstices existing between the individual particles which in toto constitute the projection.
  • the projection or projections consisting of the separated magnetizable contaminants will serve as a mechanical filter for non-magnetizable contaminants.
  • I provide drive means which is operatively associated with the roller and which is adapted to rotate the same, and sensing means which is associated with the drive means and which is positioned and arranged upstream of the projection extending across the gap.
  • the projection or projections will act in the manner of a filter cake in that they will serve to restrict the flow of liquid through the gap, causing the liquid level upstream of the projection or projections to rise.
  • the sensing means is constructed and arranged so as to energize the drive, and effect in this manner rotation of the roller, when the liquid upstream of the projection or projections reaches a predetermined level.
  • the roller then rotates in conventional manner and the magnetizable and non-magnetizable cotaminants thereon are removed in the manner known from the art. This result-s in a decrease in the level of the liquid in the gap and in the energization of the drive through the intermediary of the sensing means whereupon the process of accumulation and filtering begins again.
  • a housing 1 consists of ferromagnetic material.
  • a magnetic roller is identified with reference numeral 2.
  • the roller 2 in the illustrated embodiment is of multi-pole construction and consists of several axially arrayed permanent magnetic sections.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the roller 2 is stepped in accordance with the juncture between the individual sections. It is to be understood, however, that the outer surface could also be smooth. The features thus far dis cussed are already known in the art.
  • the housing 1 is provided adjacent one axial end of the roller 2 with an inlet 5 which communicates with the liquid supply conduit 4 on the one hand, and with the restricted flow-through gap 7 defined between the inner surface of th housing 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the roller 2.
  • an outlet 6 is arranged adjacent the other end of the roller 2, and also communicating with the gap 7, for processed liquid.
  • magnetic fields extend across the gap 7 between the sec tions of the roller 2 and the housing 1.
  • the roller 2 will normally be stationary.
  • the magnetizable contaminants contained in the liquid will be attracted to the peripheral surface of the roller 2 and will accumulate thereon in form of projections or beards which extend into the gap 7 and which will extend eventually all the way across the gap closing the same.
  • these projections When this takes place, that is when these projections contact the inner surface of the housing 1, they will act as filters in which the non-magnetizable contaminants contained in the liquid flowing through the gap 7 from the inlet 5 through the outlet 6 become entrapped.
  • these projections which are being constantly increased in density by newly-attracted magnetizable contaminants as well as by the non-magnetizable contaminants being trapped, restricts the passage of liquid through the gap 7 and will cause the level of liquid upstream of the projections to rise.
  • sensing means 3 which in the illustrated embodiment is assumed to be a float responsive to fluctuations in the liquid level, and the sensing means 3 is operatively associated with the drive 8, which may be an electro motor, for the roller 2.
  • the drive 8 is adapted to rotate the roller 2 about is predetermined axis of rotation determined by the shaft of the roller which is journalled in the illustrated bearings.
  • the sensing means is so arranged that it will energize the drive means 8, causing the latter to rotate the roller 2, when the level of liquid upstream of the projections consisting of magnetizable and non-magnetizable contaminants reaches a predetermned point.
  • the sensing means or float 3 is located on the level of the axis of rotation of the roller 2. It Will be appreciated that, when the liquid reaches this level, the float energizes the drive means 8 and the latter causes the roller 2 to rotate about its axis of rotation. Details concerning the specific construction of the float and of the connection between the same and the drive means 8 are not believed to be necessary; any sensing means capable of responding to a rise in the level of the liquid to a predetermined point and of generating a signal for energization of the drive means 8 is suitable for the purposes of the invention. Similarly, operative connection between such sensing means and the drive means is Well know to those skilled in this field.
  • Rotation of the roller 2 lifts the accumulated projections consisting of magnetizable and non-magnetizable contaminants out of the gap 7 so that they can be removed from the roller 2 in the usual manner, for instance by engagement with a wiping means.
  • the level of liquid will be rigidly dropped, the generation of the drive-means energizing signal by the sensing means 3 will cease, and the drive means 8 will be arrested so that the roller stops its rotation. Now the previous process repeats itself.
  • the peripheral surface of the roller 2 may be smooth rather than profiled or stepped, that is the roller need not consist of a plurality of individual sections, and the roller may also be directly magnetically connected with the magnetizable housing in which case the latter in effect constitutes an auxiliary pole for the magnet roller which under these circumstances is unipolar.
  • a magnetic separator in combination, a housing of magnetizable material; a normally stationary magnetic roller mounted in said housing for rotation about a predetermined axis and defining with said housing a restricted gap extending longitudinally of the roller, a magnetic field extending across said gap between said roller and said housing; inlet means and outlet means provided in said housing and communicating with said gap adjacent the opposite ends of said roller so that a stream of liquid containing magnetizable and non-magnetizable contaminants may flow from said inlet means to said outlet means whereby the magnetizable contaminants are attracted to said roller and accumulate thereon in form of projections which extend across said gap and constitute filters for the non magnetizable contaminants and flow-restrictors for the liquid which consequently rises upstream of such projections; drive means associated with said roller and adapted to rotate the same; and sensing means associateed with said drive means positioned and operative for starting and stopping operation of said drive means in response to the liquid upstream of the projections respectively rising to and descending below a predetermined level.
  • sensing means is arranged for starting and stopping operation of said drive means in response to the liquid rising to and descending below the level of said axis of rotation.
  • said roller comprising a plurality of axially arrayed sections, a separate magnetic field extending across said gap between said housing and each of said sections.

Landscapes

  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
US746853A 1967-09-19 1968-07-23 Magnetic separator Expired - Lifetime US3481471A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES111878A DE1266254B (de) 1967-09-19 1967-09-19 Permanentmagnetscheider

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3481471A true US3481471A (en) 1969-12-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US746853A Expired - Lifetime US3481471A (en) 1967-09-19 1968-07-23 Magnetic separator

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US3481471A (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png)
AT (1) AT274700B (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png)
BE (1) BE712049A (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png)
CH (1) CH459107A (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png)
DE (1) DE1266254B (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png)
FR (1) FR1558849A (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png)
GB (1) GB1226424A (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png)
NL (1) NL158092B (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png)
SE (1) SE327377B (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4137174A (en) * 1976-08-10 1979-01-30 Heinrich Spodig Permanent magnetic separator for liquids
US4190540A (en) * 1976-08-21 1980-02-26 Heinrich Spodig Permanent magnetic separator for liquids
US4255166A (en) * 1979-07-31 1981-03-10 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Process for the removal of particulates entrained in a fluid using a magnetically stabilized fluid cross-flow contactor
US4254558A (en) * 1979-07-31 1981-03-10 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Louvered magnetically stabilized fluid cross-flow contactor and processes for using the same
US4254616A (en) * 1979-07-31 1981-03-10 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Process for flue gas desulfurization or nitrogen oxide removal using a magnetically stabilized fluid cross-flow contactor
US6162357A (en) * 1998-09-21 2000-12-19 Boston Bay International, Inc. Magnetic filter-separator having rotatable helical rods

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2226731A1 (de) * 1972-06-02 1973-12-20 Spodig Heinrich Permanentmagnetscheider, insbesondere fuer kuehlfluessigkeiten
US4293410A (en) * 1978-09-21 1981-10-06 Hans Streuli Ag Magnetic filter
GB2132918B (en) * 1982-12-17 1986-11-19 De Beers Ind Diamond Magnetic separator roll
FR3029785B1 (fr) 2014-12-16 2017-01-27 Capsum Dispersions stables comprenant des gouttes d'agent parfumant
FR3057768B1 (fr) 2016-10-26 2018-12-07 Capsum Emulsions doubles comprenant une phase grasse gelifiee
FR3057767B1 (fr) 2016-10-26 2018-12-07 Capsum Emulsions doubles avec double coacervat
FR3063899B1 (fr) 2017-03-17 2019-04-19 Capsum Compositions comprenant une phase grasse et une phase aqueuse sous forme de spheres solides
FR3064468B1 (fr) 2017-03-30 2020-11-06 Sensient Cosmetic Tech Particules colorees a teneur elevee en pigment
FR3077011B1 (fr) 2018-01-24 2020-02-14 Capsum Dispositif de production d'une dispersion, ensemble et procede associes
FR3085121B1 (fr) 2018-08-23 2020-11-20 Capsum Dispositif de production d'une dispersion, ensemble et procede associes
FR3098113B1 (fr) 2019-07-04 2022-05-27 Capsum Composition sous forme d’émulsion huile-dans-eau avec une phase grasse sous forme de gouttes et d’agrégats
FR3110405B1 (fr) 2020-05-21 2022-05-13 Capsum Emulsion double stable sans écorce
FR3110406B1 (fr) 2020-05-21 2022-12-23 Capsum Dispersion stable sans écorce
FR3119317B1 (fr) 2021-02-04 2024-05-03 Capsum Composition sous forme d’émulsion macroscopique stable comprenant un pourcentage d’ingrédients d’origine naturelle supérieur ou égale à 95% selon la norme ISO 16128
FR3129286A1 (fr) 2021-11-24 2023-05-26 Capsum Dispersion macroscopique
FR3129607A1 (fr) 2021-11-26 2023-06-02 Capsum Emulsion millimétrique bi-phasique
FR3129590A1 (fr) 2021-11-26 2023-06-02 Capsum Dispersion macroscopique solaire sans écorce
FR3129605A1 (fr) 2021-11-26 2023-06-02 Capsum Procédé de formation d’une dispersion comprenant des gouttes, et appareil associé
FR3134715A1 (fr) 2022-04-26 2023-10-27 Capsum Composition cosmétique solide solaire comprenant au moins une cavité
FR3135897A1 (fr) 2022-05-30 2023-12-01 Capsum Compositions cosmétiques capillaires comprenant au moins un polymère cationique lipophile non siliconé
FR3136157A1 (fr) 2022-06-02 2023-12-08 Capsum Procédé simplifié de préparation d’une émulsion double
FR3139481A1 (fr) 2022-09-13 2024-03-15 Capsum Procédé de formation d’une dispersion comprenant des gouttes, et appareil associé

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2678729A (en) * 1950-12-12 1954-05-18 Spodig Heinrich Automatically operative magnetic separator

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2678729A (en) * 1950-12-12 1954-05-18 Spodig Heinrich Automatically operative magnetic separator

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4137174A (en) * 1976-08-10 1979-01-30 Heinrich Spodig Permanent magnetic separator for liquids
US4190540A (en) * 1976-08-21 1980-02-26 Heinrich Spodig Permanent magnetic separator for liquids
US4255166A (en) * 1979-07-31 1981-03-10 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Process for the removal of particulates entrained in a fluid using a magnetically stabilized fluid cross-flow contactor
US4254558A (en) * 1979-07-31 1981-03-10 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Louvered magnetically stabilized fluid cross-flow contactor and processes for using the same
US4254616A (en) * 1979-07-31 1981-03-10 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Process for flue gas desulfurization or nitrogen oxide removal using a magnetically stabilized fluid cross-flow contactor
US6162357A (en) * 1998-09-21 2000-12-19 Boston Bay International, Inc. Magnetic filter-separator having rotatable helical rods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH459107A (de) 1968-07-15
BE712049A (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png) 1968-07-15
DE1266254B (de) 1968-04-18
SE327377B (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png) 1970-08-24
NL158092B (nl) 1978-10-16
GB1226424A (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png) 1971-03-31
AT274700B (de) 1969-09-25
FR1558849A (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png) 1969-01-20
NL6803197A (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png) 1969-03-21

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