US3477049A - Electromagnetic actuating apparatus with the armature and pole pieces having corresponding surfaces in continuous rolling contact - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuating apparatus with the armature and pole pieces having corresponding surfaces in continuous rolling contact Download PDF

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Publication number
US3477049A
US3477049A US646287A US3477049DA US3477049A US 3477049 A US3477049 A US 3477049A US 646287 A US646287 A US 646287A US 3477049D A US3477049D A US 3477049DA US 3477049 A US3477049 A US 3477049A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
armature
pole piece
strip
continuous rolling
rolling contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US646287A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alfred Kreidler
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Metall Invent SA
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Metall Invent SA
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Publication date
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C1/00—Winding mechanical clocks electrically
    • G04C1/02—Winding mechanical clocks electrically by electromagnets
    • G04C1/022—Winding mechanical clocks electrically by electromagnets with snap-acting armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/088—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures provided with means for absorbing shocks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/24—Parts rotatable or rockable outside coil

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an electromagnet actuating apparatus in which an armature is attracted by an electromagnet when current is switched on.
  • This kind of apparatus is employed for actuating electric switches, such as clockwork winders or the like.
  • the invention provides a remedy and enables the deliberate striking noise to be entirely avoided without incurring any new disadvantages.
  • the solution to the problem is obtained in an electromagnetic actuating apparatus of the kind heretofore described by constructing the armature as a member which rolls upon the pole piece of the electromagnet. It is appropriate for the armature and pole piece to be in physical contact in the quiescent condition at the starting position of the rolling motion.
  • the armature may be constructed as rigid member whose shape and method of guiding permits rolling upon a pole piece.
  • the armature may be constructed as a resilient strip adapted for progressive bearing upon the pole piece.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional detail view of the device provided with a solenoid core having a planar end face and a curved armature and provided with a tension spring;
  • FIG. 2. is a view similar to FIG. 1 of an embodiment employing a non-magnetic spring
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional detail view of an embodiment of the invention employing a solenoid core having a convex end face and a straight armature;
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the invention employing a solenoid core with a convex end face, a straight armature, and a clock winder mechamsrn;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional detail view of an embodiment provided with a convex end face for the solenoid core and an arcuate armature;
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional detail view of a further embodiment provided with a linkage mechanism
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional detail view illustrating an arrangement of an arcuate spring disposed between the solenoid core and the armature;
  • FIG. 7 is an illustration showing parts in section of an arrangement wherein the solenoid core and the armature are provided with complementary interengaging teeth;
  • FIGS. 7 and 8a are schematic diagrams of an arrangement employing an arcuate pole piece having portions of differing curvatures
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional detail view illustrating an embodiment of the invention including a solenoid core provided with a convex face and employing a resilient straight armature;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of an arrangement similar to FIG. 9 employing a resilient curved armature
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of an arrangement wherein the solenoid core is planar and a resilient armature is curved;
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional detail view illustrating a modification of the invention employing a resilient strip armature mounted in a pivoted cradle;
  • FIG. 13 is a sectional detail view of an embodiment of the invention having a strip armature of non-magnetic material provided with soft iron pieces thereon;
  • FIG. 14 is a partial enlarged plan view of the strip armature shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 14a is a partial plan view of a modified form of a strip armature
  • FIG. 15 is a partial plan view of a modified form of a strip armature having soft iron members disposed between two non-magnetic strips;
  • FIG. 15a is a longitudinal sectional view of the strip armature shown in FIG. 15.
  • reference numeral 1 designates the solenoid core of a cup magnet utilized in the various embodiments of the invention.
  • the solenoid core is disposed centrally in a cup structure 2 and is joined to its base.
  • the cup 2 and core 1 are constructed of magnetizable material, mainly soft iron.
  • a winding 3 in the cup 2 surrounds the solenoid core 1.
  • the pole piece 4 formed by the end face of the cup 2 together with the end face of the solenoid core 1 is constructed in planar form.
  • the armature 5 on the other hand is curved. It is retained in its initial or starting position by a tension spring 6 while touching the pole piece 4 at a tangential position 7 and bearing on its other side upon a stop 8. A further stop 9 limits the rolling motion resulting from the magnet action in the attracted position of the armature 5.
  • a pivoting eye for the mechanism to be actuated is provided at that end of the armature 5 which faces away from the operating position of the tension spring 6.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an arrangement similar to FIG. 1 wherein the tension spring and the stop are replaced by a shaped spring 11 of non-magnetic material.
  • the non-magnetic material may be, for example, bronze.
  • the spring 11 at the same time serves for guiding and resetting of the armature 5 and is secured directly to the cup 2.
  • FIG. 3 diifers from that illustrated in FIG. 1 only in that a plane or straight armature 12 cooperates with a pole piece 13, of the solenoid core 2, having a convex curvature.
  • FIG. 3a illustrates schematically an embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 3 with the principal parts of a clockwork associated therewith.
  • a contact roll 54 is located at the free end of the armature 12. The contact roll 54 cooperates with the tensioning lever 55 which swivels about a shaft 56 of the ratchet gear 57.
  • Tensioning lever 55 carries at one end thereof a flywheel mass 58 and at its other end a pawl 59 which is provided with a leaf spring 66 and engages the teeth 61 of the ratchet gear 57.
  • a rigidly mounted stop 62 limits the swinging movement of tensioning lever 55 which is engaged by clock spring 63.
  • the clock spring is shown diagrammatically as a helical tensioning spring for the sake of simplicity.
  • the clockwork proper is indicated schematically by circles 64 and 65.
  • a battery 66 is connected with the coil 3 of the magnet through the conductor lead 67.
  • Armature 12 is electrically connected through lead 68 and tensioning spring 6 and through contact roll 54 conductively engaging tensioning lever 55 in the position shown.
  • the circuit to the battery 66 is closed over the clock spring 63 and conductor lead 69.
  • the electromagnet coil 3 is supplied with current, the armature 12 is wound and the tensioning lever 55 swivels over roll 54 of the armature in the direction of arrow a thereby tensioning clock spring 63.
  • the tensioning lever 55 still moves by a certain angle as a result of the inertia of its flywheel mass 58 until it stops at the stop 62 indicated by the phantom line position of tensioning lever 55.
  • pawl 59 engages the teeth 61 of the wheel 57, thereby coupling the tensioned clock spring 63 with the clockwork 64, 65.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment incorporating a pole piece 13 of convex curvature which is engaged by an armature 14 having a concave curvature of lesser concavity caused by a greater radius of curvature than the pole piece 13.
  • a shaped spring 11 is also used for guiding and resetting.
  • FIG. 5 shows a plane pole piece 4 and an armature 15 having a convex configuration at whose approximate center there is an extending arm 16 mounted thereupon.
  • a guide rod 18 is pivotally connected to and acts upon the end of the arm 16 at the pivot point located at the center of curvature 17 of the armature 15.
  • the rod 18 together with three rollers 19 located fixedly relative to the surrounding space provides appropriate rectilinear guiding for controlling movement of the pivot point 17.
  • the motion of the guide rod 18 is limited by stops 20 and 20a.
  • a helical tension spring 21 is provided for resetting.
  • An additional stop 22 is provided on the cup 2 for direct bearing thereon of the armature 15 in the starting position.
  • FIG. 6 has a pole piece 23 of concave curvature and an armature 24 of corresponding convex curvature but with a somewhat smaller radius of curvature.
  • the armature is hinged on a lug 26 which is pivotable about the stationary pivot 27 of the pole piece 23.
  • a leaf spring 28 mounted on one side of the armature 24 near the starting position 7 of the rolling motion and on the other side on a position 29 stationary relative to the ambient space is provided for resetting and additional guiding.
  • FIG. 7 represents a variation of the preceding embodiment but being no less advantageous.
  • the pole piece 23 and the armature 24 are provided with alternate teeth 31 and 32 which enmesh on rolling.
  • a leaf spring 34 is provided for resetting into the starting position limited by a stop 33.
  • FIGURES 8 and 8a show in particular in the two limiting positions and to an enlarged scale the rolling surface of pole piece and armature of an embodiment representing an improvement relative to the example illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • the rolling surface of the pole piece 23 is divided into two sections 35 and 36 of arcuate form while the rolling surface on the armature 24 represents a single section of arcuate configuration.
  • the radius of curvature of the section 35 disposed forwardly in the direction of the rolling motion is larger than and the radius of curvature of the other section 36 is equal to the radius of curvature of the rolling surface of the armature 24.
  • the armature 24 bears completely upon the inner section 36 when said armature is in the attracted position.
  • FIG. 9 represents a first example of an embodiment with an armature constructed as a resilient strip. 37.
  • the strip 37 may be constructed from a resilient plastic material which has been rendered magnetizable by the insertion of soft iron particles. Its end 38 is secured to the cup 2 and is provided at its other end with an eyelet 39 for connection to the mechanism to be actuated. In the static position the spring strip 37 is straight. When current is switched on it bears upon the curved pole piece 13 as indicated by the broken lines.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 show two modifications.
  • the pole piece 13 is also curved and the spring strip 40 is pre-bent in approximate adaption to the aforementioned curvature.
  • the pole piece 4 is planar and the spring strip 41 is curved away from the pole piece 4 when it is in its starting position.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates an example in which the pole piece 13 is once again constructed in curved form.
  • the strip 42 is maintained tensioned in a rigid cradle 44 by means of a resilient section 43, the cradle 44 being pivoted by means of trunnions 45 on the bearing pedestal 46 so that said strip 42 touches the pole piece 13 at the starting position 7 of the rolling motion.
  • the cradle 44 is pivoted by means of trunnions 45 on the bearing pedestal 46 so that said strip 42 touches the pole piece 13 at the starting position 7 of the rolling motion.
  • current is switched on the strip 42 together with the cradle 44 is attracted and bears resiliently and progressively upon the pole piece 13.
  • the strip 47 may be constructed from a non-magnetic resilient material.
  • the strip 47 is preferably constructed of a non-magnetic metal and is provided with individual soft iron pieces 48 disposed closer adjacently in line. A greater force effect is obtained thereby when compared to a thin self-magnetiza'ble strip.
  • FIG. 14 This is illustrated in an enlarged scale in FIG. 14.
  • a ladder strip in which webs 51 remain between recesses 50 as indicated in FIG. 14a serves the same end.
  • FIGS. 15 and 15a illustrate an arrangement wherein a strip armature has soft iron members 52 welded between two plastic strips 53.
  • An electromagnetic actuating apparatus comprising an electromagnet including a solenoid core provided with a pole piece, and a movable armature, said armature and said pole piece having corresponding surfaces in continuous rolling contact, both of said corresponding surfaces being curved, the radii of curvature of said corresponding surfaces differing only slightly.
  • An electromagnetic actuating apparatus comprising an electromagnet including a solenoid core provided with a pole piece, and a movable armature, said armature and said pole piece having corresponding surfaces in continuous rolling contact, said pole piece and said armature being provided with complementary intermeshing teeth.
  • An electromagnetic actuating apparatus comprising an electromagnet including a solenoid core provided with a pole piece, and a movable armature, said armature and said pole piece having corresponding surfaces in continuous rolling contact, said armature being of a resilient strip for progressively bearing upon said pole piece, said 5 strip being formed of a non-magnetic material, and a plurality of discrete soft iron members bonded to said strip.
  • An electromagnetic actuating apparatus comprising an electromagnet including a solenoid core provided with a pole piece, and a movable armature, said armature and said pole piece having corresponding surfaces in continuous rolling contact, said armature including a pair of resilient plastic strips, and a plurality of soft iron members disposed between and bonded to said strips.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
US646287A 1966-06-17 1967-06-15 Electromagnetic actuating apparatus with the armature and pole pieces having corresponding surfaces in continuous rolling contact Expired - Lifetime US3477049A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH884066A CH445605A (de) 1966-06-17 1966-06-17 Elektromagnetisches Betätigungsgerät

Publications (1)

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US3477049A true US3477049A (en) 1969-11-04

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US (1) US3477049A (de)
CH (3) CH1031267A4 (de)
DE (2) DE6609865U (de)
FR (1) FR1563645A (de)
GB (1) GB1189004A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4244658A (en) * 1978-02-01 1981-01-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha Dot printer head
US5007464A (en) * 1988-05-20 1991-04-16 Sulzer Brothers Limited Electromagnetic weft brake
US5025239A (en) * 1988-04-01 1991-06-18 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Electromagnetic actuator for cameras and the like
US5214513A (en) * 1991-07-11 1993-05-25 Eastman Kodak Company Apparatus for imparting motion to a solid-state image sensor
US20170178849A1 (en) * 2015-12-16 2017-06-22 Rockwell Automation Switzerland Gmbh Clapper armature with curved pole face
US11705788B2 (en) * 2020-09-02 2023-07-18 Michael Robert Maurice Electromagnetic drive unit with hingeably movable coil around magnet with resilient band holding coil to magnet

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2826419A1 (de) * 1978-06-16 1979-12-20 Agfa Gevaert Ag Klappanker-elektromagnet-vorrichtung
DE2832507C2 (de) * 1978-07-25 1985-12-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektromagnetisches Relais
AT374620B (de) * 1979-10-08 1984-05-10 Schrack Elektrizitaets Ag E Elektromagnetisches relais
IT1129908B (it) * 1980-09-24 1986-06-11 Olivetti & Co Spa Itettromagneti al samario cobalto e dispositivi di servocomando comprendenti detti elettromagneti
DE3128185A1 (de) * 1981-07-16 1983-04-14 Marker Patentverwertungsgesellschaft mbH, 6340 Baar Elektronische sicherheits-skibindung
CA1192174A (en) * 1981-10-14 1985-08-20 William L. Sheppard Magnetic air valve
DE19726061C2 (de) * 1997-06-19 1999-05-20 Siemens Ag Schallreduziertes elektromagnetisches Relais
DE19854644C1 (de) * 1998-11-26 2000-07-06 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Schallreduziertes elektromagnetisches Relais

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2120178A (en) * 1930-01-27 1938-06-07 Hausrath Herbert Electromagnet device
DE688832C (de) * 1937-07-07 1940-06-22 Heinrich List Dipl Ing Elektromagnetisch betriebene Foerdereinrichtung fuer gasfoermige oder fluessige Mittel mit schwingendem Kolben
US3051988A (en) * 1957-02-09 1962-09-04 Baermann Max Material with permanent magnetic properties

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2120178A (en) * 1930-01-27 1938-06-07 Hausrath Herbert Electromagnet device
DE688832C (de) * 1937-07-07 1940-06-22 Heinrich List Dipl Ing Elektromagnetisch betriebene Foerdereinrichtung fuer gasfoermige oder fluessige Mittel mit schwingendem Kolben
US3051988A (en) * 1957-02-09 1962-09-04 Baermann Max Material with permanent magnetic properties

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4244658A (en) * 1978-02-01 1981-01-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha Dot printer head
US5025239A (en) * 1988-04-01 1991-06-18 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Electromagnetic actuator for cameras and the like
US5007464A (en) * 1988-05-20 1991-04-16 Sulzer Brothers Limited Electromagnetic weft brake
US5214513A (en) * 1991-07-11 1993-05-25 Eastman Kodak Company Apparatus for imparting motion to a solid-state image sensor
US20170178849A1 (en) * 2015-12-16 2017-06-22 Rockwell Automation Switzerland Gmbh Clapper armature with curved pole face
EP3182437A3 (de) * 2015-12-16 2017-07-26 Rockwell Automation Switzerland GmbH Klappanker mit gekrümmter polfläche
US9916953B2 (en) * 2015-12-16 2018-03-13 Rockwell Automation Switzerland Gmbh Clapper armature with curved pole face
US11705788B2 (en) * 2020-09-02 2023-07-18 Michael Robert Maurice Electromagnetic drive unit with hingeably movable coil around magnet with resilient band holding coil to magnet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH1031267A4 (de) 1971-09-15
CH445605A (de) 1967-10-31
FR1563645A (de) 1969-04-18
CH517335A (de) 1971-09-15
DE1564338B2 (de) 1971-12-23
DE1564338A1 (de) 1970-07-30
DE6609865U (de) 1972-10-19
GB1189004A (en) 1970-04-22

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