US3431100A - Austenitic steel suitable for exhaust valves subject to great stresses - Google Patents

Austenitic steel suitable for exhaust valves subject to great stresses Download PDF

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Publication number
US3431100A
US3431100A US533036A US3431100DA US3431100A US 3431100 A US3431100 A US 3431100A US 533036 A US533036 A US 533036A US 3431100D A US3431100D A US 3431100DA US 3431100 A US3431100 A US 3431100A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
exhaust valves
steels
austenitic steel
austenitic
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Expired - Lifetime
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US533036A
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English (en)
Inventor
Franc Pecnik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Edelstahlwerk Witten AG
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Edelstahlwerk Witten AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese

Definitions

  • the austenitic chrome-nickel-solicon steels used hitherto as valve material have insuflicient resistance to the attack of lead compounds which are brought into the combustion gases by the antiknock agent. This has lead in recent years to the development of austenitic chromemanganese-nickel steels which show an increased resistance to damage by lead oxides and better hot strength. To improve the tensile properties and the austenite stability, these steels have been alloyed with higher carbon contents (up to 1.2%) and nitrogen contents (up to 0.7% By suitable heat treatment followed by hardening, complex carbides (M C are segregated.
  • the problem to be solved consists in making available for exhaust valves subject to high stress appropriate steels which, on the one hand, meet the working requirements of high lead resistance, hot strength and low tendency to embrittlement, and on the other hand, eliminate the manufacturing dilficulties encountered in the former steels.
  • the invention is based upon the new discovery that it is possible in valve steels to replace in part the elements C and N with cobalt and copper, as far as their elfects are concerned. In this manner, the heat-forming qualities and welding qualities are substantially improved and, furthermore, better wear resistance and oxidation resistance are produced. Optimum hardening conditions are achieved when the ratio of cobalt to copper is made about 3 to 1.5 parts cobalt per 1 part copper, preferably, a cobalt to copper ratio of about 3:1. Resistance to the attack of lead oxides is about three times as great as in the previous chromium-nickel-silicon steels.
  • the good welding properties may be utilized in armored valves of valve parts consisting of steels according to this invention where this parts are clad with the usual valve armor materials, for example with stellites. It may be further utilized in composite valve parts, the valve disk of them consisting of a steel according to the invention, Whereas the valve stem is made of a steel of less value.
  • Austenitic hardening valve steels contain, according to the invention, approximately:
  • the balance is iron containing the usual impurities.
  • the steels of the invention and valves made therefrom can be produced by the known procedures for, respectively, producing the said austenitic chrome-manganesenickel steels and producing valves therefrom.
  • Heat treatment of the steel alloys of the invention can involve a solution annealing at about 1150-1250 C. for, respectively, 303 minutes, and the precipitation hardening step can be at about 9001,000 C., preferably about 950 C.
  • This precipitation hardening temperature is (contrary to the precipitation temperatures applied to the known austenitic valve steels) so high that it is at least C. above the max. working temperature of the valve within the motor.
  • Such a high precipitation hardening temperature is applicable without imparing the desired strength, due to the high chromium and cobalt content.
  • the high precipitation hardening temperature applied to the steels according to the invention the advantage is obtained that there is no further precipitation of embrittling inter-metallic phases (sigma phase) during working of the valve within the motor.
  • the drawing is a schematic showing, in cross-section,
  • the cylinder block 1 is provided with the cyinder bore 8, in which a piston 2 on piston rod 3, is positioned.
  • the block includes intake opening 4 and exhaust opening 5, and these ports are provided with suitable valves.
  • the intake port 4 is provided with an intake valve having body portion 6, while the exhaust port 5 is provided with an exhaust valve having body portion 7.
  • the exhaust valve is of an alloy according to the invention.
  • ratio of cobalt to copper is maintained at a value of about 1.5 to 3 parts of cobalt per 1 part of copper.
  • Process of heat treating steel alloy which comprises solution annealing an alloy according to claim 1, at about 1,l501,250 C. for, respectively, about 303 minutes, and precipitation hardening at about 9001,000 C. for 60-30 minutes.
  • Exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine comprising a body portion of alloy steel according to claim 1.
  • Exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine 4 T comprising a body portion of alloy steel according to claim 2.
  • Exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine comprising a body portion of austenitic alloy steel of the composition and heat treated according to claim 6.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
US533036A 1965-03-11 1966-03-09 Austenitic steel suitable for exhaust valves subject to great stresses Expired - Lifetime US3431100A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEG43052A DE1215939B (de) 1965-03-11 1965-03-11 Verwendung einer austenitischen aushaertbaren Stahllegierung als Werkstoff fuer Ventile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3431100A true US3431100A (en) 1969-03-04

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ID=7127087

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US533036A Expired - Lifetime US3431100A (en) 1965-03-11 1966-03-09 Austenitic steel suitable for exhaust valves subject to great stresses

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3431100A (de)
AT (1) AT271536B (de)
BE (1) BE676284A (de)
CH (1) CH468555A (de)
DE (1) DE1215939B (de)
GB (1) GB1064560A (de)
LU (1) LU50632A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6603167A (de)
SE (1) SE313925B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1981000643A1 (en) * 1979-08-24 1981-03-05 Western Electric Co Magnetic alloys containing fe-cr-co
US20090178640A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2009-07-16 Daimler Ag Cast steel piston for internal combustion engines

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3736965A1 (de) * 1987-10-31 1989-05-11 Krupp Gmbh Hochfeste stickstoffhaltige vollaustenitische cobalstaehle mit 0,2-dehngrenzen oberhalb 600 n/mm(pfeil hoch)2(pfeil hoch)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE17499E (en) * 1929-11-26 osi cleveland
GB744599A (en) * 1952-05-30 1956-02-08 Armco Int Corp Stainless steel articles for use at high temperatures
CA586389A (en) * 1959-11-03 R. Kegerise Wesley Alloy steel
GB885168A (en) * 1959-02-09 1961-12-20 Carpenter Steel Co Single phase austenitic steel alloy
US3303023A (en) * 1963-08-26 1967-02-07 Crucible Steel Co America Use of cold-formable austenitic stainless steel for valves for internal-combustion engines

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE17499E (en) * 1929-11-26 osi cleveland
CA586389A (en) * 1959-11-03 R. Kegerise Wesley Alloy steel
GB744599A (en) * 1952-05-30 1956-02-08 Armco Int Corp Stainless steel articles for use at high temperatures
GB885168A (en) * 1959-02-09 1961-12-20 Carpenter Steel Co Single phase austenitic steel alloy
US3303023A (en) * 1963-08-26 1967-02-07 Crucible Steel Co America Use of cold-formable austenitic stainless steel for valves for internal-combustion engines

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1981000643A1 (en) * 1979-08-24 1981-03-05 Western Electric Co Magnetic alloys containing fe-cr-co
US20090178640A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2009-07-16 Daimler Ag Cast steel piston for internal combustion engines
US8528513B2 (en) * 2006-06-30 2013-09-10 Daimler Ag Cast steel piston for internal combustion engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE676284A (de) 1966-06-16
CH468555A (de) 1969-02-15
AT271536B (de) 1969-06-10
DE1215939B (de) 1966-05-05
NL6603167A (de) 1966-09-12
SE313925B (de) 1969-08-25
LU50632A1 (de) 1966-05-11
GB1064560A (en) 1967-04-05

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