US3430630A - Sanitary napkin - Google Patents

Sanitary napkin Download PDF

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US3430630A
US3430630A US545689A US3430630DA US3430630A US 3430630 A US3430630 A US 3430630A US 545689 A US545689 A US 545689A US 3430630D A US3430630D A US 3430630DA US 3430630 A US3430630 A US 3430630A
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Prior art keywords
core
napkin
depression
foam
sanitary napkin
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Donald R Megison
Stanley Barton
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
    • A61F13/472—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use
    • A61F13/47236—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use characterised by an unusual contour
    • A61F13/47245—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use characterised by an unusual contour with asymmetry around the x or y axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15707—Mechanical treatment, e.g. notching, twisting, compressing, shaping
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
    • A61F13/4704—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins having preferential bending zones, e.g. fold lines or grooves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
    • A61F13/472—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use
    • A61F13/47236—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use characterised by an unusual contour
    • A61F13/47245—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use characterised by an unusual contour with asymmetry around the x or y axis
    • A61F13/47254—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use characterised by an unusual contour with asymmetry around the x or y axis with a tanga shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/531—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a homogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A61F13/532—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a homogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad
    • A61F13/533—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a homogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad having discontinuous areas of compression
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers of the pads
    • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
    • A61F13/64—Straps, belts, ties or endless bands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F2013/15821—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing characterized by the apparatus for manufacturing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers of the pads
    • A61F2013/51078—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers of the pads being embossed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers of the pads
    • A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
    • A61F13/51401—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material
    • A61F2013/51409—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material being a film
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F2013/530802—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the foam or sponge other than superabsorbent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
    • A61F2013/5694—Other non adhesive means than hook and loop-type fastener or belts

Definitions

  • the napkin comprises a preformed core of longitudinal and lateral arcuate shape which is constructed of fibers of absorbent material held in an integrated or unified condition.
  • a longitudinally extending depression of narrow width and a depth of at least about & inch is located centrally of the upper surface of the core. The depression in association with the balance of the structure imparts a directed flexure property to the napkin to assure that lateral compression in use will cause the aforesaid lateral upwardly concave conformation to occur.
  • This invention relates to sanitary nap-kins and more particularly to sanitary napkins which include, as an element thereof, a preformed arcuately-shaped absorbent core.
  • Run-off is leakage of menses over the edge of a napkin; slippage is relative movement between the napkin and the trunk of the user; smearing is the soiling of parts of the body of the user adjacent the labia majora, usually as a result of slippage.
  • a sanitary napkin comprising an absorptive, preformed, arcuately-shaped core.
  • the core has an upper and a lower surface, each of which is upwardly concave along longitudinal and lateral (transverse) lines, i.e., lines which extend lengthwise of and across the width of the core.
  • the core has a centrally located, longitudinally-extending depression formed in its upper surface. The depression has a depth of at least about whereby to provide a pivot line which causes the napkin to assume a lateral upwardly concave conformation when worn.
  • FIGURE 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a sanitary napkin including one embodiment of an absorbent core of the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a plan view of the preformed, arcuatelyshaped absorbent core of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 2a is a plan view of another embodiment of an absorbent core of the present invention employing a plurality of aligned depressions;
  • FIGURE 3 is an enlarged vertical transverse sectional view of the preformed core taken along line 33 of.
  • FIGURE 6 is a perspective view of a log produced by the mold of FIGURE 4.
  • FIGURE 7 is a perspective view illustrating die apparatus suitable for impressing the central depression in a blank for a core of the present invention
  • FIGURE 8 is a perspective view of an individual core blank cut from the log of FIGURE 6 and having the central depression impressed therein;
  • FIGURE 9 is a perspective view of the blank of FIG- URE 8 following the conversion thereof into a core in condition to be incorporated in the napkin of FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 1 there is shown a sanitary napkin having a preformed, arcuately-shaped core 11, herinafter described in greater detail, which has a moisture impermeable film 12 extending continuously across the lower surface of the core and upwardly along both longitudinal edges thereof.
  • a fleece wrapping 13 i.e., a thin, soft, compliant, absorbent, fibrous batt
  • a fabric 14 surrounds the wrapped, film-covered core, maintaining the elements properly in the assembly and having end extensions 14a and 1412 by means of which the napkin is aflixed to a sanitary belt.
  • the film 12, if used, can comprise any suitable and compliant moisture impermeable membrane. It has been found that one-half mil polyethylene film having a length approximating or somewhat less than that of the core 11 and a width which equals the total of the width of the core 11 plus twice its center thickness (in the embodiment described, about 8" x 4") performs satisfactorily in use. When used with a core having reduced Width and/or thicknesses in certain portions, the film 12 can be tapered or configured as necessary to compensate for such variations so as to make the side edges thereof align generally with the side edges of the upper surface of core 11.
  • the fleece 13 as a wrapping which can be applied in order to impart softness to the napkin.
  • the fleece has the ability to stretch in all directions and gives the napkin a smooth yet flutfy surface, thus also imparting a better appearance to the product.
  • the fleece can comprise rayon, cotton, or other natural or man-made absorptive fiber which is formed into a batting of about A," thickness by being, for example, carded or garnetted. The batting may be randomly laid, straight lapped, cross-lapped and needle punched, if desired. It has been found that fleece having dimensions suflicient to surround the core 11 with a full overlap on the top surface and weighing approximately two grams perform satisfactorily. Alternatively, the fleece can be applied only to the bottom and sides of the core 11 or omitted entirely, if desired.
  • the fabric 14 is an overwrap which can be about 19" long and has a width suflicient to encircle the transverse section of the napkin with slight overlap permitting the longitudinal edges of the fabric (which extend lengthwise of the napkin) to be united by means of adhesives or by mechanical means.
  • the fabric can be gauze, a knitted scrim or, preferably, a bonded non-Woven material which is smooth, soft, porous, liquid permeable, non-pilling and adapted to cover a curved object.
  • the core 11, as shown in FIGURES 1, 2 and 3, is somewhat boat-like in configuration and is a fibrous, unified structure which contains a network of void spaces or openings to provide high absorbency. Interconnections among the openings exist such that fluid is conveyed by capillary action through the network. These interconnections or capillaries control the rate of fluid transmission (wicking) from one area of the core to another.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the core 11 are upwardly concave in the longitudinal and lateral directions. The upward lateral concavity does not have to be pronounced and can be virtually imperceptible.
  • the lateral concavity does not have to be formed by any particular configuration of surface or portion thereof so long as the effect is to make the surface generally upwardly concave, i.e., with the central portion thereof below the level of the portions to either side of it.
  • the radius of curvature in the longitudinal dimension of the upper and lower surfaces should be in the range of from about 3 to about 6", desirably about 4%". These radii maybe adjusted to yield a maximum thickness of the core 11 along the longitudinal central area thereof so that the thickness decreases, tapers, towards the end. The tapered thickness insures greater comfort and is desirable for cosmetic reasons (less showing of the outline of the napkin during use).
  • the rear end of the core 11 can be tapered inwardly so as to present a width which is more comfortable to the user when applied.
  • the core 11 has a longitudinally extending depression 16 which is impressed in the central portion of the upper surface and preferably spaced from each end of the napkin.
  • a single elongated depression 16 is preferred; however, a plurality of parallel or aligned depressions can be used to derive substantially the same advantages as the single lines so long as the combined effect of the parallel or aligned depressions is equivalent to the single line.
  • FIGURE 2a illustrates a multiplicity of aligned depressions 16a in the top surface of arcuate core 11a;
  • FIGURE 2b shows a multiplicity of parallel depressions 16b in the top surface of core 11b.
  • the depression When using a single elongated depression 16, the depression should be long enough to assure that the napkin will flex therealong in use, i.e., either side will pivot as a unit about the depression.
  • the length of the depression 16 is preferably greater than about 3" and is desirably, though not necessarily, shorter than the length of the core 11 to decrease the likelihood of fluid wicking over the napkin ends with resultant end soiling.
  • Width must exceed about A., and preferably be less than about 30% of the width of the napkin and its depth must be at least about but not sufficiently deep to cause the material of the core 11 underlying the depression 16 to be compressed to the extent that it cannot at least partially recover following the formation of the depression 16 in the core 11 in accordance with a process such as the die pressing processes to be hereinafter described. If such material does not partially recover, i.e., re-expand to regain some but not all the bulk it possessed prior to pressing, it will be floppy (i.e., have little or no resistance to lateral flexure) and the fiuid holding properties in the depressed area are destroyed.
  • the depth of the depression should not exceed about of the core 11 thickness, as measured at an undepressed portion thereof adjacent the depression. If it is desired to use a plurality of depressions such as those shown in FIGURES 2a or 2b, the comments regarding depth stated above are still applicable.
  • the width and length limitations remain as above, only in this case the length referred to is the cumulative or effective length, which preferably should exceed about 3".
  • the interruption in the depressed line i.e., the distance between adjacent depressions 16a
  • the length of each depression should preferably exceed about 3" and the overall (outside) width of the area in which the depressions are made should preferably be less than about 30% of the width of the napkin.
  • the side edges of a napkin incorporating a core of the present invention extend upwardly adjacent the center of movement of the legs of the user, substantially eliminating chafing of the users thighs and presenting a device highly resistant to run-off, slippage and smearing.
  • the directed flexure also maintains the in-use absorbent capacity of the device at a high level since it is free to yield without subjection to undue overall lateral compression which would result in the reduced in-use capacity generally suffered by napkins which do not possess the directed flexure property.
  • the material comprising the core is more densely compacted below the line of the depression 16 and therefore causes menses being absorbed by the napkin to wick more rapidly longitudinally along the smaller capillaries of the compressed area rather than laterally into the capillaries of the relatively uncompressed areas.
  • the dimensions of the depression 16 set forth above are critical in achieving the desired results. If the depression has an effective length which is substantially less than about 3", then it would not function properly as a line of pivotal movement for the sides of the napkin, and hence, it will considerably reduce the propensity of the napkin to assume the desired transverse upwardly concave configuration. A width of depression produced by an instrument narrower than & which is tantamount to the use of a knife edge, would possess none of the advantageous results of the depression 16. On the other hand, if the depression 16 is wider than about 30% of the total napkin width, this will excessively shorten the moment arm for the pivoting action of the sides of the napkin, since the pivotal action takes place largely at the edges of the depression.
  • any fibers which have a range of lengths predominantly from about /2 millimeter to about 7 millimeters and are capable of forming hydrogen bonds can be used. It will be understood that when included in minor amounts fibers as long as /2 and so short as to have almost negligible leingth can also be used. Such fibers are mixed with solutions containing foam-forming substances and the mixture agitated to cause the solution to become a foam comprising relatively stable bubbles about which the fibers are carried. Then the foam is placed in a mold of the desired shape and dried, thereby effectively removing the bubbles but leaving the fibers secured by hydrogen bond in the distended condition created by the bubbles.
  • the dried, distended fibrous material prior to the compressing operation to be described has a density in the range of from about 1.2 to about 1.8 pounds per cubic foot and an absorptive capacity (unstressed) of from about 0.9 to about 1.1 grams of citratcd whole blood per gram of distended fibrous material.
  • Capacity is determined by noting the amount of fluid held by the material at the instant of bottom strikethrough following introduction of the liquid into the center of the upper surface of the material at the rate of about one cubic centimeter per minute. Strikethrough occurs when it is observed that the fluid reaches the bottom surface.
  • the foaming agent to be used can be any surfactant capable of forming a foam throughout the slurry and can, for example, be any synthetic detergent (including anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric, ampholytie and zwitterionic detergents) which possesses good foaming properties.
  • the preferred foaming agents are higher fatty acid soaps, anionic organic synthetic detergents, phosphine and amine oxides and fatty acid amides.
  • Anionic synthetic detergents can be broadly described as the water-soluble salts, particularly the alkali metal salts of organic sulfuric reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl radical containing from about 22 carbon atoms and a radical selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acid and sulfuric acid ester radicals.
  • alkyl includes the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
  • Amine oxides correspond to the following general formula, R R R N O wherein R is an alkyl radical of from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and R and R are each methyl or ethyl radicals.
  • the arrow in the formula is a conventional representation of a semi-polar bond.
  • Examples of such amine oxides include dimethyldodecylamine oxide, dimethyloctylamine oxide, dimethyldecylamine oxide, dimethyltetradecylamine oxide and dimethylhexadecylamine oxide.
  • Phosphine oxides are described in British Patent 995,260, dated Mar. 19,1962.
  • Fatty amides have the chemical formula in which RCO- is an aliphatic acyl radical, preferably of a higher fatty acid, having from about 10 to 20, and preferably about 12 to 16 carbon atoms, and X and Y may each be selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and alkyl and alkylol radicals of 1 to about carbon atoms each, and preferably about 2 carbon atoms.
  • the foam produced by the agitation was then placed in a device adapted to form the foam as desired, for example, the foraminous mold illustrated in FIGURE 4.
  • This mold comprises two portions, upper mold section 17 and lower mold section 18.
  • the sections 17 and 18 are quite similar in construction, the only significant difference being that the upper section 17 is designed to telescope within the lower section 18.
  • the sections each have a pair of end panels 19, the lower edge of each of which is formed with a radius of curvature based on the curvature ultimately desired for the core 11 (taking into con sideration loss of some curvature during subsequent processing steps to be described) and the other edges of which are rectilinear.
  • the end panels 19 of section 18 can be provided with a stop 19a to limit or adjust the extent of telescoping movement of section 17 in section 18.
  • Side panels 21 of elongated rectangular configuration lie intermediate the end panels 19, being aflixed to corresponding sides thereof to form a frame-like assembly.
  • the lower edges of the side panels 21 and the curved lower edges of end panels 19 of each mold section define an upwardly concave peripheral support surface along which is attached a screen member 22.
  • the securement of the side and end panels to one another and of the screen 22 to the frame-like assembly may comprise gluing, welding, nailing, soldering, or any other means well known in the art for fastening the types of materials from which the parts are made (which could, for example, be metal, plastic or wood).
  • the screen members 22 are preferably in the range of from about US. Standard 4 mesh to about US. Standard 60 mesh.
  • the screen opening should not be too large in order to avoid loss of fibers through the screen, stapling of fibers over the wires of the screen and excessively rough surface in finished pads.
  • the mesh should not be so small as to impede drainage of liquid through the screen. In any event, the size of the mesh used controls, to some extent, the surface texture of finished pads.
  • the screen 22 of lower section 18 is constructed of mesh which is smaller than that of the screen 22 of upper section 17.
  • the foam was poured into the lower section 18 to a vertical thickness of approximately 4". At this point water drained through the screen 22 of lower section 18.
  • the upper 'mold section 17 was telescoped within the interior of lower mold section 18 and slowly pressed downwardly on top of the foam until a vertical foam thickness of approximately 1 /4" was present in the center of the mold.
  • further draining ' was permitted until the foam reached a consistency of approximately 10%, i.e., 10 pounds of fiber per pounds of water (or alternatively, the drying step described below can be directly performed).
  • the foam in the mold was oven dried to produce the distended fibrous material desired.
  • the foam can be exposed to temperatures up to about 300, with the range of from about 275 F. to about 300 F. and the use of flowing air preferred to accelerate the drying. It should be noted, however, that the foam cannot be left too long at the high end of such a temperature range since cellulose degradation starts at about 284. In this way the distended fibrous material was brought to approximately bone dry condition as a unified structure.
  • the foam-forming substance, the linear sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate which did not drain out with excess liquid prior to drying remains incorporated throughout the mass of distended fibrous material as a residue and amounts to about 0.5% to about 1.0% by weight of fiber. This will vary somewhat if the process example described is changed; for example, if the concentration of foam forming substance and/or the type of fiber are changed.
  • the molded product, the log 23 illustrated in FIGURE 6 is removed from the mold.
  • FIGURE 5 illustrates the general arrangement of the upper and lower sections 17 and 18 of the mold during the final portion of the molding operation and the way in which the arrangement of fibers is affected in the foam when the screens 22 approximate as the upper mold section 17 telescopes within lower mold section 18.
  • This pressing action causes a skin-like arrangement of the fibers to form along the upper and lower surfaces of the 10g 23.
  • the skin 31 formation is similar to that described in US. Patent 1,841,785 which issued to Frank L. Bryant on Jan. 19, 1932 for Method of Making Layers of Distended Fibrous Materials. While it is preferred to have both an upper and lower skin, one or both of the skins may be eliminated or made so thin as to be negligible.
  • the skins are densified layers of fibers which can be of sufiicient thickness to add significant strength to a log 23 comprised of distended fibrous material and thereby provide increased resistance of cores 11 to crumpling, twisting and loss of shape. Excessively thick skins, however, produce undesirable stiffness or rigidity in the core 11, making napkins constructed therewith uncomfortable. It has been found that a range of skin thickness of from paper thickness (i.e., about .001") to about is desirable While the preferred thickness within that range is from about to about The thickness of the skin can be controlled by varying the rate and amount of pressure applied during molding and by changing the consistency and/or the foam ratio of the foam. In addition, it has been found that earlier pressing accentuates the skin. Vacuum can be employed to supplement the pressing action applied to the foam between the screens 22 of the mold sections 17 and 18 if a thicker skin is desired.
  • the log 23 is the source of a multiplicity of blanks 24 cut transversely of the log whereby the length of each blank 24 extends in the direction of the curve imparted to the log .23 by means of the arcuate conformation of screens 22.
  • the blanks 24 can be separated by any convenient means such as band saw type cutters or the like.
  • the log 23 has a screen-like pattern 29 formed on its upper surface by screen member 22 of mold section 17. Although it is not shown, a similar pattern is formed on the lower surface by screen member 22 of mold section 18.
  • each blank 24 made in accordance with the processes described in approximately 2% to 2 /2" wide has an inside (top) length of approximately 8" and a center thickness of about 1%". These dimensions can be varied as desired, within a range of sizes acceptable for use in sanitary napkins, but do represent the measurements of a core 11 blank of distended fibrous material which has been found to be satisfactory.
  • each of the blanks 24 is placed between a pair of dies such as that illustrated in FIGURE 7, wherein reference numeral 26 denotes the male die half and 27 the female die half.
  • the male die half 26 has protruding from the surface thereof, a rib 28 having the approximate dimensions desired for the depression 16.
  • the rib 28 can be about 4 /2" long, to A3" wide and approximately to /s deep.
  • the die halves 26 and 27 and the rib 28 are each curved, the radius of curvature thereof preferably being somewhat smaller than that desired in the finished core 11, e.g., if a core having a 4 /2 radius of curvature is desired, a radius of curvature of approximately 3 /2" can be used on the dies to allow for subsequent relaxation or loss of curvature of the core 11.
  • the die halves are moved toward one another and the blank compressed therebetween.
  • the amount of pres sure exerted and rate of pressure application on each core will vary depending upon the blank size, the size and shape of the rib 28 and the result desired. Too little pressure results in insufiicient lateral flexibility of the core and too much pressure causes loss of body, insuflicient resistance to lateral flexure and ultimate fracture below the depression 16.
  • the distended fibrous material made preferably has a density of about 2.0 to about 3.0 pounds per cubic foot and an absorptive capacity of about 1.3 to about 1.5 grams citrated whole blood per gram of core, in accordance with the previously described procedure.
  • the tapered rear end portion of the core 11 can be produced, if desired, by trimming the excess material from the blank 24 by any convenient means, e.g., cutters, saws, or the like.
  • Such removal may be accomplished, for example, by the use of an abrasive wheel having a coarse, outwardly facing, concave annular abrading surface. The abrading surface is passed along the periphery of the blank, producing a rounded edge as illustrated in FIGURE 9, and can, if
  • the core 11 can be flexed mechanically or by hand to preliminarily soften the core prior to assembly.
  • the napkin described is assembled as shown in FIG- URE 1 by first placing the film 12 along the sides and bottom of the core 11, enwrapping the film and core with the fleece 13, encircling the fleece-covered core with the fabric 14 and adhesively attaching the overlapped longitudinal edges of the fabric.
  • This assembly can be performed by machinery which forms no part of the present invention and therefore is not described or, alternatively, may be performed quite adequately by hand.
  • the completed napkin is worked, i.e., by flexing either by hand or mechanically.
  • the depression 16 is impressed in the longitudinally arcuate upper skin 31. Because of its attachment at a multiplicity of points to the inside of the core, the upper skin 31 is stressed, pulling the sides of the napkin up and the ends inwardly. This same action will occur, although less pronounced, if the core 11 is made a skinless distended fibrous material since in this case the stresses on the unified structure of the core itself produce the desired lateral concavity.
  • the upward lateral concavity of the core 11 is present before use, although it can be virtually imperceptible, and, in combination with the depression 16 which provides a hinge line, controls the direction in which the sides will move when pressed inwardly in use, viz, the side edges move upwardly instead of downwardly as is the usual case with sanitary napkins.
  • This is the directed flexure property previously described which greatly increases the comfort and comformability of the napkin for the user and provides for a self-adjusting width during use without the otherwise compressive deformation which would reduce absorbent capacity.
  • the central longitudinal portion of the core is densified and provides an incidental benefit, flow direction control, which helps to provide the fuller utilization of the absorptive capacity of the core.
  • the core can also be formed by other means which provides the desired integrated longitudinally arcuate shape in absorptive fibrous material suitable for use as an absorpti ve element in sanitary napkins.
  • the core can, for example, be formed from a bonded airfelt material, i.e., and air-laid fluff or felt comprising air-deposited, adhesive-bonded fibers, various apparatus and methods of production of which are well known in the art.
  • a bonded airfelt material i.e., and air-laid fluff or felt comprising air-deposited, adhesive-bonded fibers
  • the airfelt blank is then cut to shape and a depression corresponding in all respects to depression 16 previously described is impressed in the top surface thereof by a die similar to that illustrated in FIGURE 7.
  • the impressing operation further reduces the thickness of the blank to the desired range; for example, to the thickness of from about to about 73.
  • the airfelt is made of pulp fibers, e.g., the softwood papermaking fibers previously described, bonded with about 1% by weight of a medium viscosity sodium carboxymethylcellulose (having a degree of substitution of between about 0.65-0.85) such as the material known as OMC 7M (product of Hercules Powder Company), for example, it has been found satisfactory to use a total force of about 1000 pounds applied to the blank by the dies.
  • a medium viscosity sodium carboxymethylcellulose having a degree of substitution of between about 0.65-0.85
  • OMC 7M product of Hercules Powder Company
  • the density of the core also preferably ranges from about 2.0 to about 3.0 pounds per cubic foot and the absorptive capacity thereof is preferably about 1.3 to about 1.5 grams of citrated whole blood per gram of core, in accordance with the previously described procedure.
  • the assembly of the napkin proceeds exactly as set forth above in connection with the distended fibrous material core.
  • such an airfelt core Due to the specific integrated structure of the bonded airfelt core and the provision of the recess in the top surface thereof, such an airfelt core possesses the same attributes and advantages as the distended fibrous material core 11 described previously, viz directed fiexure with its resultant comfort, resistance to run-off, slippage and smearing, and increased in-use absorptive capacity.
  • the bonded airfelt type core does not have skins such as those of the other (distended fibrous material) core, it does have the depression in an integrated or unitary arcuately shaped structure and this is the basic requirement necessary to achieve the above advantages in such structures.
  • a sanitary napkin comprising an absorptive, preformed longitudinally and laterally arcuately-shaped core of unitary structure throughout, said core having an upper surface and a lower surface which are each upwardly concave along longitudinal and lateral lines, said core having in said upper surface a centrally located longitudinally extending depression of narrow width and having a depth which is at least about 4 whereby to cause said napkin to assume a lateral upwardly concave conformation when worn.
  • the sanitary napkin of claim 6 in which said skin has a thickness in the range of from about iooo" to about 7 9.
  • the sanitary napkin of claim 1 in which said core comprises a bonded airfelt material which is maintained in unitary condition by means of a bonding substance.
  • sanitary napkin of claim 10 in which said depression has an effective length of at least about 3" and a width in the range of from about to about 30% of the width of said napkin.

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Cited By (25)

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US3612055A (en) * 1969-09-29 1971-10-12 Johnson & Johnson Disposable diaper or the like and method of manufacture
US3677249A (en) * 1969-09-29 1972-07-18 Procter & Gamble Arcuately shaped sanitary napkin and method of formation
US3694859A (en) * 1970-11-23 1972-10-03 Glassman Jacob A Apparatus for forming catamenial napkins
US3736931A (en) * 1971-06-09 1973-06-05 J Glassman Catamenial napkin
US3901238A (en) * 1974-03-18 1975-08-26 Procter & Gamble Disposable diaper having a resin treated absorbent pad to improve integrity, softness and dryness
EP0136524A1 (en) * 1983-08-30 1985-04-10 Zenmi Co. Ltd. Sanitary napkin
US4623341A (en) * 1983-09-06 1986-11-18 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Feminine napkin with unsecured top layer
US5447506A (en) * 1988-12-06 1995-09-05 Molnlycke Ab Absorption body
US5591150A (en) * 1991-07-23 1997-01-07 The Procter And Gamble Company Sanitary napkin having a resilient body-conforming portion
US5795344A (en) * 1996-12-20 1998-08-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with protection channel
US5961509A (en) * 1994-12-21 1999-10-05 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Shaped absorbent article and method of manufacturing the same
EP0549784B2 (en) † 1991-07-23 2000-07-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Curved, shaped absorbent article
US6503233B1 (en) 1998-10-02 2003-01-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having good body fit under dynamic conditions
US6562192B1 (en) 1998-10-02 2003-05-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles with absorbent free-flowing particles and methods for producing the same
US20030100874A1 (en) * 2001-11-26 2003-05-29 Decarvalho Antonio Carlos Ribeiro Sanitary napkin
EP1022005A3 (en) * 1999-01-20 2003-09-10 Uni-Charm Corporation Sanitary napkin
EP0335253B2 (en) † 1988-03-31 2003-10-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article
US6667424B1 (en) 1998-10-02 2003-12-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles with nits and free-flowing particles
US20040102752A1 (en) * 1998-10-02 2004-05-27 Fung-Jou Chen Absorbent article with center fill performance
US20050059942A1 (en) * 2003-09-17 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Asymmetric multilayer absorbent article
US7090665B2 (en) * 2000-11-30 2006-08-15 Uni-Charm Corporation Disposable diaper
US8764720B2 (en) 2009-12-28 2014-07-01 Livedo Corporation Absorbent article and absorbent article packaging
US20180035713A1 (en) * 2016-08-02 2018-02-08 Altria Client Services Llc Collapsible fiber matrix reservoir for an e-vaping device
WO2018167148A1 (en) * 2017-03-14 2018-09-20 Ontex Bvba Mould for forming an absorbent core for an absorbent article
EP3595603B1 (en) 2017-03-14 2021-03-31 Ontex BV Mould for forming an absorbent core for an absorbent article

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US3871378A (en) * 1973-03-22 1975-03-18 Procter & Gamble Absorbent bandage
US4639254A (en) * 1985-10-24 1987-01-27 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Three-dimensional sanitary napkin having absorbent material contoured on the baffle side

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US1841785A (en) * 1930-06-19 1932-01-19 Cellufoam Corp Method of making layers of distended fibrous materials
US2964039A (en) * 1955-01-18 1960-12-13 Personal Products Corp Preformed, arcuate sanitary napkins
US2952259A (en) * 1956-04-18 1960-09-13 Personal Products Corp Absorbent product
US3017304A (en) * 1956-05-24 1962-01-16 Personal Products Corp Absorbent fibrous structure and method of production
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GB914280A (en) * 1960-09-28 1963-01-02 Selenes Soc A R L A perfumed sanitary napkin
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US3236238A (en) * 1963-01-30 1966-02-22 Johnson & Johnson Sanitary napkin and method of making
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Cited By (35)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3677249A (en) * 1969-09-29 1972-07-18 Procter & Gamble Arcuately shaped sanitary napkin and method of formation
US3612055A (en) * 1969-09-29 1971-10-12 Johnson & Johnson Disposable diaper or the like and method of manufacture
US3694859A (en) * 1970-11-23 1972-10-03 Glassman Jacob A Apparatus for forming catamenial napkins
US3736931A (en) * 1971-06-09 1973-06-05 J Glassman Catamenial napkin
US3901238A (en) * 1974-03-18 1975-08-26 Procter & Gamble Disposable diaper having a resin treated absorbent pad to improve integrity, softness and dryness
EP0136524A1 (en) * 1983-08-30 1985-04-10 Zenmi Co. Ltd. Sanitary napkin
US4623341A (en) * 1983-09-06 1986-11-18 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Feminine napkin with unsecured top layer
EP0335253B2 (en) † 1988-03-31 2003-10-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article
US5447506A (en) * 1988-12-06 1995-09-05 Molnlycke Ab Absorption body
US5591150A (en) * 1991-07-23 1997-01-07 The Procter And Gamble Company Sanitary napkin having a resilient body-conforming portion
EP0549784B2 (en) † 1991-07-23 2000-07-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Curved, shaped absorbent article
US5961509A (en) * 1994-12-21 1999-10-05 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Shaped absorbent article and method of manufacturing the same
US5795344A (en) * 1996-12-20 1998-08-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with protection channel
US6695827B2 (en) 1998-10-02 2004-02-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having good body fit under dynamic conditions
US6562192B1 (en) 1998-10-02 2003-05-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles with absorbent free-flowing particles and methods for producing the same
US6667424B1 (en) 1998-10-02 2003-12-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles with nits and free-flowing particles
US7429689B2 (en) 1998-10-02 2008-09-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with center fill performance
US20040054331A1 (en) * 1998-10-02 2004-03-18 Hamilton Wendy L. Absorbent articles with nits and free-flowing particles
US7265258B2 (en) 1998-10-02 2007-09-04 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles with nits and free-flowing particles
US20040102752A1 (en) * 1998-10-02 2004-05-27 Fung-Jou Chen Absorbent article with center fill performance
US6503233B1 (en) 1998-10-02 2003-01-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having good body fit under dynamic conditions
EP1022005A3 (en) * 1999-01-20 2003-09-10 Uni-Charm Corporation Sanitary napkin
US7090665B2 (en) * 2000-11-30 2006-08-15 Uni-Charm Corporation Disposable diaper
EP1314413A3 (en) * 2001-11-26 2004-03-24 Johnson & Johnson Industrial Ltda. A sanitary napkin
US6974892B2 (en) 2001-11-26 2005-12-13 Johnson & Johnson Industria E Comercio Ltda Sanitary napkin
US20030100874A1 (en) * 2001-11-26 2003-05-29 Decarvalho Antonio Carlos Ribeiro Sanitary napkin
AU2002302075B2 (en) * 2001-11-26 2008-10-23 Johnson & Johnson Industrial Ltda A sanitary napkin
US20050059942A1 (en) * 2003-09-17 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Asymmetric multilayer absorbent article
US8764720B2 (en) 2009-12-28 2014-07-01 Livedo Corporation Absorbent article and absorbent article packaging
US20180035713A1 (en) * 2016-08-02 2018-02-08 Altria Client Services Llc Collapsible fiber matrix reservoir for an e-vaping device
US11357937B2 (en) * 2016-08-02 2022-06-14 Altria Client Services Llc Collapsible fiber matrix reservoir for an e-vaping device
US20220257883A1 (en) * 2016-08-02 2022-08-18 Altria Client Services Llc Collapsible fiber matrix reservoir for an e-vaping device
US12070547B2 (en) * 2016-08-02 2024-08-27 Altria Client Services Llc Collapsible fiber matrix reservoir for an e-vaping device
WO2018167148A1 (en) * 2017-03-14 2018-09-20 Ontex Bvba Mould for forming an absorbent core for an absorbent article
EP3595603B1 (en) 2017-03-14 2021-03-31 Ontex BV Mould for forming an absorbent core for an absorbent article

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