US3348228A - Circular dipole antenna array - Google Patents

Circular dipole antenna array Download PDF

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Publication number
US3348228A
US3348228A US476522A US47652265A US3348228A US 3348228 A US3348228 A US 3348228A US 476522 A US476522 A US 476522A US 47652265 A US47652265 A US 47652265A US 3348228 A US3348228 A US 3348228A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
disc
dipole
dipoles
deposited
antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US476522A
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English (en)
Inventor
Melancon Leo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raytheon Co
Original Assignee
Raytheon Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Raytheon Co filed Critical Raytheon Co
Priority to US476522A priority Critical patent/US3348228A/en
Priority to CH1064966A priority patent/CH460095A/de
Priority to FR70834A priority patent/FR1487756A/fr
Priority to BE684809D priority patent/BE684809A/xx
Priority to GB34134/66A priority patent/GB1145507A/en
Priority to SE10421/66A priority patent/SE322274B/xx
Priority to NL666610870A priority patent/NL138902B/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3348228A publication Critical patent/US3348228A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H01Q21/205—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
    • H01Q9/265—Open ring dipoles; Circular dipoles

Definitions

  • a dipole antenna comprising a solid metal radiating element adapted to be mounted directly upon a feeder transmission line of the enclosed type.
  • the radiating element includes three dipoles which are both excited and supported by solid metal members extending outwardly from the associated transmission line to the dipoles.
  • Each half or section of the three dipoles is located in the same horizontal plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the transmission line, and the two halves of each dipole are spaced-apart in that plane.
  • Such an antenna is very difiicult to fabricate, requiring extremely close tolerances. Additionally, it is of the utmost importance in a dipole antenna to maintain a constant distance between the dipole halves and their exciting means in order to achieve proper impedance matching; however, it would be almost impossible to maintain this distance to any significant degree using the abovereferenced antenna since the dipole sections are floating and hence subject to rotate. This would, of course, hinder the proper operation of that antenna.
  • transponder which does not require most of the heavy microwave components utilized by prior art transponders.
  • that transponder comprises a semiconductor diode mixer which immediately upon receipt of an interrogation signal from an antenna mixes that signal with one from a variable frequency oscillator, the output signal frequency of the antenna being a single-valued function of the. data to be transmitted.
  • the mixer provides signals which are offset from the interrogation signal by an amount proportional to the frequency of the oscillator signal and, thus, are readily distinguishable from accompanying clutter.
  • Such a transponder is quite compact, with the only possible element of any size being the antenna. While some antennas available today may be used by that transponder, it is desirable to have one which is easily manufactured, non-complex, cheap, and yet highly reliable.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to provide an improved antenna, and, more particularly, one which is reliable, relatively non-complex, and easily fabricated.
  • Another object is to provide an improved dipole antenna, and one wherein the two dipole halves and their exciting means are maintained at a constant spacing.
  • a still further object is to provide an antenna which is very low in cost and lends itself to mass production techniques.
  • a tri-dipole antenna comprising a circular disc being made of a plastic material having a high dielectric constant, and three dipoles, one half of each dipole being printed on one side of the 3,348,228 Patented Oct. 17, 1967 disc and the other half on the reverse side.
  • the three dipoles are uniformly spaced-apart and arranged close to the disc periphery.
  • the excitation means for each dipole includes a short, quarter wavelength, parallel wire transmission line with one Wire'printed on each side of the disc and being connected to a coaxial transmission line at the center of the disc.
  • the two lines of each dipole exciting means and the dipole sections themselves are spaced-apart in the vertical direction by a constant amount, that is, the width of the disc.
  • three symmetrical direct current return paths are provided in order to achieve the desired antenna patterns.
  • FIGS. lA-lC are diagrammatic representations of the top,'side, and bottom views, respectively, of the antenna;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a coaxial line feeding the antenna of this invention.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrammatic representations ofthe antenna horizontal and vertical plane patterns, respectively.
  • the antenna of the invention is shown in three views, i.e., top, side, and bottom in FIGS. lA-lC, respectively,
  • dipole 12 includes'two halves 20 and 22, and dipole 14 also includes two halves 24 and 26.
  • dipole halves 18, 22, and 26 are locatedon the top of disc 50, whereas dipole halves 16, 20, and'24 are located on the bottom.
  • the means for exciting dipole 10, 12, and 14 are parallel wire transmission lines 29, 31, and 33, respectively, each having wires printed on either side of disc 50. Consequently, wires 28 and 52 of line 29 are connected to dipole 10; wires 30 and 54 of line 31 are connected to dipole 12; and, wires 32 and 56 of line 33 are connected to dipole 14.
  • Wires 28, 30, and 32 are printed upon the top of disc 50, Whereas wires '52, 54, and 56 are printed upon the bottom.
  • Transmission lines 39, 41, and 43 each comprise a shorted pair of parallel wires providing a direct current return path.
  • Circles 36, 44, 46, and 48 represent holes passing through the copper printing and plastic disc 50, while circles 34 and 58 are printed copper rings. The purpose of these various circles will be explained below in detail.
  • FIG. 2 depicts part of the subject antenna connected to a transmission line 66 which may be of the well-known coaxial conductor type having a central conductor 68 and an outer conductor 70.
  • Coaxial transmission line 66 feeds the antenna at the center of disc 50 and is connected thereto in the following manner.
  • Outer conductor 70 is connected to printed ring 58 of FIG. 1C by soldering for instance, thus forming an electrical contact therewith.
  • Inner conductor 68 passes through hole 36 and is soldered to printed ring 34 of FIG. 1A.
  • Circular disc 50 may be any width desired and can be as thin as the structural strength of the plastic material permits it to be.
  • the radius of disc 50 is substantially equal to X/4 ⁇ /; where is the Wavelength of the input signal from transmission line 66 and e is the dielectric constant of the plastic material being used in disc 50.
  • X/4 ⁇ / is the Wavelength of the input signal from transmission line 66 and e is the dielectric constant of the plastic material being used in disc 50.
  • the quarter-wavelength transmission lines 29, 31, and 33 eliminate the necessity for a balun, and consequently coaxial transmission line 66 is directly connected to the antenna.
  • circular disc 50 provides a constant width support along the vertical axis between the printed wires forming these transmission lines, thus assuring proper impedance matchmg.
  • Transmission lines 39, 41, and 43 are short-circuited and provide a direct current return for the antenna.
  • Transmission line 39 comprises two fractional quarter wavelength, printed wires 38 and 60, which are spacedapart along the vertical axis by an amount equal to the width of circular disc 50, and are connected by soldering them to wire 45 passing through hole 44, thus shorting out transmission line 39.
  • equivalent transmission line 41 includes two parallel wires 40 and 62, both being connected to wire 47 which passes through hole 46.
  • Transmission line 43 likewise comprises wires 42 and 64 which are spaced-apart and connected to wire 49 passing through hole 48. The purpose of transmission,
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B The principal plane patterns produced by the horizontally polarized antenna upon receipt of energy from coaxial transmission line 66 are depicted in FIGS. 3A and 3B.
  • the horizontal or azimuth plane pattern of FIG. 3A is an omnidirectional or circular pattern 72, while the vertical plane radiation pattern 74 has two circles and is similar to that of a half-wave dipole, with a null directly above and below the antenna center.
  • the three direct current return transmission lines 39, 41, and 43 aid in maintaining antenna symmetry and, thus, producing the desired circular omnidirectional patterns.
  • Transmission lines 39, 41, and 43 are each fractional, quarter wavelength sections which are shorted at their far ends by being soldered to wires 45, 47, and 49, respectively.
  • An antenna device adapted for use with a coaxial transmission line providing electromagnetic energy thereto and having inner and outer conductors, comprising:
  • first and second means each being deposited on a different side of said disc around the center thereof and being adapted to be connected to a different one of said coaxial conductors;
  • each of said dipoles including a pair of dipole sections, one section being deposited on one side of said disc and the other section being deposited upon the other side of said disc;
  • An antenna device adapted for'use with a coaxial transmission line providing electromagnetic energy thereto and having inner and outer conductors, comprising:
  • V first and second means each being depositedon a different side of said disc around the center thereof and being adapted to be connected to a different one of said coaxial conductors; three curved dipoles uniformly spaced around the periphery of said disc, each of said dipoles including a pair of dipole sections, one section being deposited on one side of said disc and the other section being deposited upon the other side of said disc; and, means for exciting each of said dipoles, each of said exciting means including a pair of lines, each of said a circular disc having a higher dielectric constant than air; first and second means, each being deposited on a different side of said disc around the center thereof and being adapted to be connected to a different one or said coaxial conductors; three curved dipoles uniformly spaced around the periphery of said disc, each of said dipoles including a pair of dipole sections, one section being deposited on one side of said disc and the other section being deposited upon the other side
  • each of said exciting means including a pair of lines, each of said lines extending from one of said first and second means to one of said dipole sections and being dcposited upon a difierent side of said disc.
  • An antenna device adapted for use with a coaxial transmission line providing electromagnetic energy thereto and having inner and outer conductors, comprising:
  • first and second means each being deposited on a difierent side of said disc around the center thereof and being adapted to be connected to a diflferent one of said coaxial conductors; three curved dipoles uniformly spaced around the periphery of said disc, each of said dipoles including a pair of dipole sections, one section being deposited on one side of said disc and the other section being deposited upon the other side of said disc; and,
  • each of said exciting means including a pair of lines, each of said lines extending from one of said first and second means to one of said dipole sections, having a length "substantially equal to a fractional quarter of the wavelength of said energy, and being deposited upon a different side of said disc.
  • An antenna device adapted for use with a coaxial transmission line providing electromagnetic energy thereto and having inner and outer conductors, comprising:
  • first and second means each being deposited on a difierent side of said disc around the center thereof and being adapted to be connected to a difierent one of said coaxial conductors;
  • each of said dipoles including a pair of dipole sections, one section being deposited one one side of said disc and the other section being deposited upon the other side of said disc;
  • each of said exciting means including a pair of lines, each of said lines extending from one of said first and second means to one of said dipole sections and being deposited upon a diiferent side of said disc;
  • each of said lines being connected to one of said first and second means at the other end and being deposited upon a different side of said disc.
  • An antenna device adapted for use with a coaxial transmission line providing electromagnetic energy thereto and having inner and outer conductors, comprising:
  • a circular plastic disc having a higher dielectric constant than air, a first hole passing through the center thereof for passing said inner conductor, and three uniformlyspaced holes near the periphery thereof;
  • first and second ditferent width metallic rings each being deposited on a ditferent side of said disc around said first hole and being adapted to be connected to a different one of said coaxial conductors;
  • each of said dipoles including a pair of dipole sections, one section being deposited on one side of said disc and the other section being deposited upon the other side of said disc;
  • each of said exciting means including a pair of lines, each of said lines extending'from one of said rings to one of said dipole sections, having a length substantially equal to a fractional quarter of the wavelength of said energy, and being deposited upon .a different side of said disc;
  • each of said lines including a pair of lines having a length substantially equal to a fractional quarter of the wavelength of said energy and means passing through one of said three holes for connecting said pair of lines together, each of said lines being connected to one of said rings and deposited upon a different side of said disc.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
US476522A 1965-08-02 1965-08-02 Circular dipole antenna array Expired - Lifetime US3348228A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US476522A US3348228A (en) 1965-08-02 1965-08-02 Circular dipole antenna array
CH1064966A CH460095A (de) 1965-08-02 1966-07-22 Sendeeinrichtung mit Antennenanordnung
FR70834A FR1487756A (fr) 1965-08-02 1966-07-26 Antenne perfectionnée
BE684809D BE684809A (de) 1965-08-02 1966-07-29
GB34134/66A GB1145507A (en) 1965-08-02 1966-07-29 Dipole aerial
SE10421/66A SE322274B (de) 1965-08-02 1966-08-01
NL666610870A NL138902B (nl) 1965-08-02 1966-08-02 Antenne-inrichting.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US476522A US3348228A (en) 1965-08-02 1965-08-02 Circular dipole antenna array

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3348228A true US3348228A (en) 1967-10-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US476522A Expired - Lifetime US3348228A (en) 1965-08-02 1965-08-02 Circular dipole antenna array

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3348228A (de)
BE (1) BE684809A (de)
CH (1) CH460095A (de)
FR (1) FR1487756A (de)
GB (1) GB1145507A (de)
NL (1) NL138902B (de)
SE (1) SE322274B (de)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3427622A (en) * 1967-02-14 1969-02-11 Communication Systems Inc Vor antenna
US3713162A (en) * 1970-12-18 1973-01-23 Ball Brothers Res Corp Single slot cavity antenna assembly
US3727231A (en) * 1971-09-24 1973-04-10 Collins Radio Co Collinear dipole antenna
US3771162A (en) * 1971-05-14 1973-11-06 Andrew California Corp Omnidirectional antenna
EP0184235A1 (de) * 1984-11-08 1986-06-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. VOR-Antenne in einem Radionavigationssystem
FR2644937A1 (fr) * 1989-03-22 1990-09-28 Bourdier Jean Antenne omnidirective en polarisation circulaire transversale a maximum de gain sous l'horizon
WO2003098168A1 (en) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-27 Vega Grieshaber Kg Planar antenna and antenna system
CN103414012A (zh) * 2013-08-05 2013-11-27 珠海德百祺科技有限公司 天线
CN103414009A (zh) * 2013-08-05 2013-11-27 珠海德百祺科技有限公司 天线
CN103441323A (zh) * 2013-07-24 2013-12-11 珠海德百祺科技有限公司 天线
CN103811857A (zh) * 2014-01-21 2014-05-21 盛宇百祺（南京）通信技术有限公司 垂直极化全向天线和具有其的4g双极化全向吸顶天线
CN103811861A (zh) * 2014-01-21 2014-05-21 盛宇百祺（南京）通信技术有限公司 水平极化全向天线
CN104319475A (zh) * 2014-11-11 2015-01-28 苏州市天烨机械工程有限公司 共地纹边水平极化宽带全向天线阵及其调整方法
CN104604028A (zh) * 2012-08-27 2015-05-06 日本电业工作株式会社 天线
CN107534213A (zh) * 2015-03-11 2018-01-02 艾诺威网络有限公司 单频带双重并行网络装置
US10734738B2 (en) 2015-03-11 2020-08-04 Extreme Networks, Inc. Single band dual concurrent network device

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2824686A1 (de) * 1978-06-06 1979-12-13 Fte Maximal Fernsehtech Rundempfangsantenne fuer den ultrakurzwellenbereich
GB2191043A (en) * 1986-05-28 1987-12-02 Gen Electric Co Plc Dipole array
GB8701197D0 (en) * 1987-01-20 1987-02-25 Ronde F C De Waveguide mode converter
DE3908893A1 (de) * 1989-03-17 1990-09-20 Siemens Ag Ringstrahler in gedruckter schaltungstechnik

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2221939A (en) * 1937-11-03 1940-11-19 Bendix Radio Corp Radio signaling system
US2297329A (en) * 1941-07-08 1942-09-29 Gen Electric Wide-band antenna array
US2614220A (en) * 1950-06-08 1952-10-14 Steve T Doerner Television antenna
US2639382A (en) * 1945-08-30 1953-05-19 Us Sec War Antenna
US2769169A (en) * 1952-03-22 1956-10-30 Arthur Leonard Munzig Jr Dipole impedance matching device
US2883664A (en) * 1953-07-03 1959-04-21 Sloppy Milton Roy Antenna structure with coupling network
US3005986A (en) * 1956-06-01 1961-10-24 Hughes Aircraft Co Parallel strip transmission antenna array
US3110030A (en) * 1961-05-25 1963-11-05 Martin Marietta Corp Cone mounted logarithmic dipole array antenna
US3193831A (en) * 1961-11-22 1965-07-06 Andrew Corp Logarithmic periodic antenna
US3299430A (en) * 1965-07-26 1967-01-17 Rohde & Schwarz Parallel dipole array supported on insulator having a low dielectric constant

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2221939A (en) * 1937-11-03 1940-11-19 Bendix Radio Corp Radio signaling system
US2297329A (en) * 1941-07-08 1942-09-29 Gen Electric Wide-band antenna array
US2639382A (en) * 1945-08-30 1953-05-19 Us Sec War Antenna
US2614220A (en) * 1950-06-08 1952-10-14 Steve T Doerner Television antenna
US2769169A (en) * 1952-03-22 1956-10-30 Arthur Leonard Munzig Jr Dipole impedance matching device
US2883664A (en) * 1953-07-03 1959-04-21 Sloppy Milton Roy Antenna structure with coupling network
US3005986A (en) * 1956-06-01 1961-10-24 Hughes Aircraft Co Parallel strip transmission antenna array
US3110030A (en) * 1961-05-25 1963-11-05 Martin Marietta Corp Cone mounted logarithmic dipole array antenna
US3193831A (en) * 1961-11-22 1965-07-06 Andrew Corp Logarithmic periodic antenna
US3299430A (en) * 1965-07-26 1967-01-17 Rohde & Schwarz Parallel dipole array supported on insulator having a low dielectric constant

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3427622A (en) * 1967-02-14 1969-02-11 Communication Systems Inc Vor antenna
US3713162A (en) * 1970-12-18 1973-01-23 Ball Brothers Res Corp Single slot cavity antenna assembly
US3771162A (en) * 1971-05-14 1973-11-06 Andrew California Corp Omnidirectional antenna
US3727231A (en) * 1971-09-24 1973-04-10 Collins Radio Co Collinear dipole antenna
EP0184235A1 (de) * 1984-11-08 1986-06-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. VOR-Antenne in einem Radionavigationssystem
FR2644937A1 (fr) * 1989-03-22 1990-09-28 Bourdier Jean Antenne omnidirective en polarisation circulaire transversale a maximum de gain sous l'horizon
EP0463263A1 (de) * 1989-03-22 1992-01-02 Etablissements Davey Bickford Smith & Cie Zirkular polarisierte Rundum-Antenne mit grösstem Gewinn in horizontaler Richtung
WO2003098168A1 (en) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-27 Vega Grieshaber Kg Planar antenna and antenna system
US20050184920A1 (en) * 2002-05-16 2005-08-25 Wolfgang Mahler Planar antenna and antenna system
US7030827B2 (en) 2002-05-16 2006-04-18 Vega Grieshaber Kg Planar antenna and antenna system
CN104604028A (zh) * 2012-08-27 2015-05-06 日本电业工作株式会社 天线
CN103441323A (zh) * 2013-07-24 2013-12-11 珠海德百祺科技有限公司 天线
CN103441323B (zh) * 2013-07-24 2016-12-07 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 天线
CN103414012B (zh) * 2013-08-05 2016-08-10 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 天线
CN103414009A (zh) * 2013-08-05 2013-11-27 珠海德百祺科技有限公司 天线
CN103414009B (zh) * 2013-08-05 2016-12-07 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 天线
CN103414012A (zh) * 2013-08-05 2013-11-27 珠海德百祺科技有限公司 天线
CN103811857B (zh) * 2014-01-21 2017-01-11 盛宇百祺（南京）通信技术有限公司 垂直极化全向天线和具有其的4g双极化全向吸顶天线
CN103811861B (zh) * 2014-01-21 2016-06-08 盛宇百祺（南京）通信技术有限公司 水平极化全向天线
CN103811861A (zh) * 2014-01-21 2014-05-21 盛宇百祺（南京）通信技术有限公司 水平极化全向天线
CN103811857A (zh) * 2014-01-21 2014-05-21 盛宇百祺（南京）通信技术有限公司 垂直极化全向天线和具有其的4g双极化全向吸顶天线
CN104319475A (zh) * 2014-11-11 2015-01-28 苏州市天烨机械工程有限公司 共地纹边水平极化宽带全向天线阵及其调整方法
CN107534213A (zh) * 2015-03-11 2018-01-02 艾诺威网络有限公司 单频带双重并行网络装置
US10693243B2 (en) 2015-03-11 2020-06-23 Extreme Networks, Inc. Single band dual concurrent network device
US10734738B2 (en) 2015-03-11 2020-08-04 Extreme Networks, Inc. Single band dual concurrent network device
CN107534213B (zh) * 2015-03-11 2020-10-20 极进网络公司 单频带双重并行网络装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1145507A (en) 1969-03-19
NL138902B (nl) 1973-05-15
SE322274B (de) 1970-04-06
BE684809A (de) 1967-01-03
CH460095A (de) 1968-07-31
NL6610870A (de) 1967-02-03
FR1487756A (fr) 1967-07-07

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