US3289535A - Breech operating mechanism for a gas pressure loader for guns - Google Patents

Breech operating mechanism for a gas pressure loader for guns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3289535A
US3289535A US441035A US44103565A US3289535A US 3289535 A US3289535 A US 3289535A US 441035 A US441035 A US 441035A US 44103565 A US44103565 A US 44103565A US 3289535 A US3289535 A US 3289535A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
breech
carrier
head
gas
operating mechanism
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US441035A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hupp Gerhard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mauser Werke AG
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Mauser Werke AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mauser Werke AG filed Critical Mauser Werke AG
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Publication of US3289535A publication Critical patent/US3289535A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/38—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes
    • F41A3/40—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes mounted on the bolt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated
    • F41A5/22—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated having two or more gas pistons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas pressure loader with a multi-port breech closure for guns as automatic firearms.
  • the present invention has for an object thereof to provide a breech drive for a normal two-part breech with carrier and head portions so constructed that it is free of shock with the impulse created by the gas pressure can be directed to the breech so that there will be no shocks imparted to the parts and the breech will thus have a longer life.
  • This is accomplished in that the return impulse from the gas pressure is directed step-wise first to the breech carrier and then to the breech head, whereby the breech head may have a larger mass than the breech carrier.
  • lateral wing guides which travel in common in guide grooves in the gun housing to slide therein in guided relationship and they or the gas pistons are so movable in the gun housing that the upper half of the front face will directly rest on the breech carrier guide wings, whereas the lower half of the front face will contact the guide wings of the breech head with play.
  • the return impulse by the gas pistons will accelerate the lighter breech carrier alone direct upon return movement and then first together with the heavier breech head which it takes with it until this breech carrier abuts against a stop.
  • the return impulse of the lighter breech carrier will permit this carrier to be accelerated in front of the breech head which now will equal the recoil speed of the breech head and the breech carrier with shock free operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a barrel end of the gun showing the breech in locked position at the moment of firing;
  • FIG. 2 is a horizontal longitudinal section in the position of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section as FIG. 1 with the lock liberated
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are diagrams to show the time and path of the movable locking parts as to such parts without and with the invention.
  • the gun housing or casing 10 is mounted on the barrel l2 and in the cartridge shell receiver space 13, a cartridge 14 is in the space 13.
  • the multipart breech closure member is indicated in its entirely at 15 and includes and consists of a breech carrier 23 and the breech head 22.
  • the carrier 23 has laterally extending guide Wings 2311 which slide on both sides in grooves 24 in the gun housing 10.
  • a closing spring 16 Upon recoil of the breech the roller will enter into a curved groove 20 at the belt mechanism 18 and connects this over the toothed segment 21.
  • the closure head 22 In front on the breech closure carrier 23 there is provided the closure head 22 which carries at the bottom a guide nose 23a which can slide in particular slot 22a in the breech carrier 23. This is therefore limited to such sliding movement. Also, the closure head 22 has lateral guide Wings 221; which are guided on both sides in guide grooves on the inside of the gun housing It The guide grooves 24 and 25 in the gun housing 10 are arranged one above the other so that guide wings of the breech head 22 and the breech carrier 23 with its Wings turned toward the guide surfaces may glide one on the other.
  • the breech carrier 23 carries a firing pin 26, which with its shaft is guided in the breech head 22.
  • the breech head 22 guides the locking link or flaps but other locking means may be used.
  • gas pistons 27 and 28 mounted in cylinder bores 29 and 30 respectively which are connected by draw-off or tap channels with the barrel shaft.
  • the gun housing has the gas outlet openings 37 which are controlled by the gas pistons 27 and 28 by the forward control edges or sides 37a.
  • gas pistons 27 and 28 are provided pins 31 and 32 respectively by means of which they are guided in the wall bores 33 and 34 in the housing 10. These bores are closed at the front by common screws 35 and 36 having attachment means.
  • the middle parts of the gas piston cylinders 29 and 30 and therefore the gas pistons 27 and 28, are quite the same, in which the guide Wings 221) and 2311 will slide one after the other at the breech carrier 23 and the breech head 22.
  • the gas pistons, in the locking position of the breech will engage the frontal part of the breech carrier guide Wings 231).
  • a pressure spring (not shown) the breech head 22 will be held in this closed position with its back part against a stop surface 230 in the breech carrier 23 at a return position so that the two abutment front parts of the guide wings 23b and 22b will be separated from each other for the distance y, FIG. 1.
  • the gas pistons 27 and 28, upon firing, are forced back by the pressure of the drawn off gases, then they will be projected with their upper halves rearwardly against the back parts of the breech carrier 23.
  • the breech head 22 remains thus untouched, thus remains stationary and holds the lock relationship as such for so long until the back moving gas pistons will proceed with their lower halves against their back part on the front part of the guide Wings 221; of the breech head 22, FIG. 3. Since the charge or load on the gas pistons 27 and 28 will continue further, the breech carrier 23 and the breech head 22 will be further forced back together.
  • the mass of the breech head 22 is greater than the breech carrier 23.
  • a gun according to the invention having a total weight of the 3365 g. for the breech would have a weight of 1020 g. for the breech carrier, that is 30.4% of the breech, the weight of the breech head would be 2180 g. that is 64.7% of the weight of the breech.
  • the locking members weigh 165 g. that is 4.9% of the breech weight.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 indicate the path as to the vertical arrows and the time element as to the horizontal arrow.
  • FIG. 4 represents the gas piston operative only on the breech carrier and
  • FIG. 5 represents the gas pistons operative on both the breech carrier and the breech head.
  • the inner line represents the breech carrier and the outer line represent the breech head.
  • Breech operating mechanism for a gas pressure loader for guns comprising a two-part breech of which one part is a carrier and the other part is a head piece, gas pistons for opening the breech, said breech head being composed of a greater mass than the breech carrier, each breech carrier and breech head being provided with guide wings slidable in a common groove in a gun housing.
  • Breech operating mechanism for a ga pressure loader comprising a gun housing having a pair of grooves therein adjacent to each other on each side of the housing, a breech carrier having laterally extending wings to slidably move in one of the pair of grooves, a breech head having laterally extending wings to slidably move in the other of the pair of grooves, said wings and grooves guiding the two parts of the breech, and means in the housing to actuate the breech parts.
  • Breech operating mechanism in which mean are provided in the breech head and the breech carrier so that the two parts of the breech may be relatively movable.
  • Breech operating mechanism in which means in the housing to actuate the breech parts includes a pair of pistons operable in channels in the housing and each piston abutting against the wings of the breech parts.
  • Breech operating mechanism in which means in the housing to actuate the breech parts includes a pair of pistons operable in channels in the housing and each piston abutting against the wings of the breech parts, and in which each piston has upper and lower half surface sections with the upper half sections abutting against the wings of the breech carrier and the lower half sections abutting with play the wings of the breech head.
  • Breech operating mechanism in which means are provided in the breech head and the breech carrier so that the two parts of the breech may be relatively movable to be operated by the pressure of the firing gases from a projectile.
  • Breech operating mechanism for a gas pressure loader for guns comprising a two-part breech of which one part is a carrier and the other part is a head piece, gas piston for opening the breech, said breech head being composed of a greater mass than the breech carrier, and a return impulse for the breech being step-wise operative so that first the breech carrier is directly actuated and then the breech head with the carrier movable together, and means on the breech head and the breech carrier so that a portion of each piston abuts against the breech carrier and another portion abuts against the breech head.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
US441035A 1964-03-20 1965-03-19 Breech operating mechanism for a gas pressure loader for guns Expired - Lifetime US3289535A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM0060385 1964-03-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3289535A true US3289535A (en) 1966-12-06

Family

ID=7309811

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US441035A Expired - Lifetime US3289535A (en) 1964-03-20 1965-03-19 Breech operating mechanism for a gas pressure loader for guns

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3289535A (xx)
BE (1) BE661416A (xx)
CH (1) CH427578A (xx)
DE (1) DE1678508B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1102243A (xx)
NL (2) NL6503526A (xx)
SE (1) SE302735B (xx)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3343457A (en) * 1964-12-19 1967-09-26 Rheinmetall Gmbh Housing structure for an automatic firearm
US3776096A (en) * 1971-10-21 1973-12-04 J Donovan Gas operated firearm
US4015512A (en) * 1974-10-29 1977-04-05 Feerick Jay J Gas-operated firearm
US4210060A (en) * 1977-09-01 1980-07-01 Donovan John S Gas operated automatic weapon
EP0789217A1 (en) * 1996-02-08 1997-08-13 BENELLI ARMI S.p.A. Gas-operated automatic firearm, particularly a shotgun
US5959234A (en) * 1997-01-31 1999-09-28 Benelli Armi S.P.A. Gas-operated automatic firearm, particularly a shotgun
US20120017755A1 (en) * 2006-05-24 2012-01-26 Remington Arms Company, LLC Gas-Operated Firearm
US8459165B2 (en) 2010-02-26 2013-06-11 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Breech guides for use with breech assemblies and firearms including such breech guides
CN108662945A (zh) * 2018-04-26 2018-10-16 中北大学 提高导气式枪械射击精度的枪管导气结构及导气式枪械

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013004107A1 (de) * 2013-03-11 2014-09-11 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Lagerung eines Gaskolbens in einem Waffensystem

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB524641A (en) * 1937-09-27 1940-08-12 Anonima Naz Cogne Soc Improvements in automatic breech closing mechanism for firearms

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB524641A (en) * 1937-09-27 1940-08-12 Anonima Naz Cogne Soc Improvements in automatic breech closing mechanism for firearms

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3343457A (en) * 1964-12-19 1967-09-26 Rheinmetall Gmbh Housing structure for an automatic firearm
US3776096A (en) * 1971-10-21 1973-12-04 J Donovan Gas operated firearm
US4015512A (en) * 1974-10-29 1977-04-05 Feerick Jay J Gas-operated firearm
US4210060A (en) * 1977-09-01 1980-07-01 Donovan John S Gas operated automatic weapon
EP0789217A1 (en) * 1996-02-08 1997-08-13 BENELLI ARMI S.p.A. Gas-operated automatic firearm, particularly a shotgun
US5959234A (en) * 1997-01-31 1999-09-28 Benelli Armi S.P.A. Gas-operated automatic firearm, particularly a shotgun
US20120017755A1 (en) * 2006-05-24 2012-01-26 Remington Arms Company, LLC Gas-Operated Firearm
US8443712B2 (en) * 2006-05-24 2013-05-21 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Gas-operated firearm
US8459165B2 (en) 2010-02-26 2013-06-11 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Breech guides for use with breech assemblies and firearms including such breech guides
CN108662945A (zh) * 2018-04-26 2018-10-16 中北大学 提高导气式枪械射击精度的枪管导气结构及导气式枪械
CN108662945B (zh) * 2018-04-26 2019-09-13 中北大学 提高导气式枪械射击精度的枪管导气结构及导气式枪械

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE661416A (xx) 1965-07-16
DE1678508B1 (de) 1970-05-27
CH427578A (de) 1966-12-31
NL6503526A (xx) 1965-09-21
NL132548C (xx)
GB1102243A (en) 1968-02-07
SE302735B (xx) 1968-07-29

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