Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
  • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
  • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
  • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
  • G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
  • G03G5/0503—Inert supplements
  • G03G5/0507—Inorganic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
  • G03G13/00—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern
  • G03G13/26—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern for the production of printing plates for non-xerographic printing processes
  • G03G13/30—Hectographic masters
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
  • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
  • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
  • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
  • G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
  • G03G5/0503—Inert supplements
  • G03G5/051—Organic non-macromolecular compounds
  • G03G5/0514—Organic non-macromolecular compounds not comprising cyclic groups
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
  • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
  • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
  • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
  • G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
  • G03G5/0662—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic containing metal elements
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
  • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
  • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
  • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
  • G03G5/08—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being inorganic
  • G03G5/087—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being inorganic and being incorporated in an organic bonding material
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
  • G03G9/00—Developers
  • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
  • G03G9/00—Developers
  • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
  • G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
  • G03G9/0906—Organic dyes
  • G03G9/0912—Indigoid; Diaryl and Triaryl methane; Oxyketone dyes
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
  • G03G9/00—Developers
  • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
  • G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
  • G03G9/0926—Colouring agents for toner particles characterised by physical or chemical properties

Definitions

• photoconductive layers for electrophotography it is known to use certain inorganic or organic photoconductive compounds.
• examples of such compounds are sulfur and selenium; oxides, sulfides and selenides of zinc, cadmium, mercury, antimony, bismuth, and lead, and also anthracene and anthraquinone.
• These substances are applied to an electrophotographic plate, especially a plate consisting of metal or another material, for example paper, or to a sheet or foil produced from a film-forming plastic. If necessary, the photoconductive substance can be held dispersed in an elec trically isolating layer-forming binder.
• Such layers are produced by means of coating solutions in which the binders are either dissolved or dispersed and in which the electroconductive substances are dispersed.
• Such photoconductive layers are disclosed, for instance, in United States Patents Nos. 2,297,691; 2,357,809; 2,727,807; 2,727,808; 2,735,784; and 2,735,785, and in French Patents Nos. 1,113,933; 1,122,275; 1,125,235; and 1,136,146.
• the photoconductive layers which are produced from aqueous coating solutions in which the binders are dispersed suffer from the disadvantage that they readily take up moisture from the air owing to the presence of wetting agents and salts, so that the conductivity of the layer in the dark is often raised to such a degree that its image reproduction characteristics are impaired.
• waterproofing agents can be of various types.
• Suitable waterproofing agents are the following:
• paraffin Wax or similar high-molecular hydrocarbons which are preferably applied in the form of their aqueous emulsions; such emulsions are, for instance, disclosed in British Patents Nos. 477,830; 492,742; 469,642, and 627,356.
• Fatty acids salts of polyvalent metals more especially, fatty acids salts of aluminum, titanium, zirconium, and chromium.
• the water-repellent or waterproofing agents are preferably applied in the following quantities:
• the parafiin emulsions when used as emulsions in 3,128,204 Patented Apr. 7, 1964 amounts of 20120%, the compounds quoted under ((7) and (c) in amounts of 15-30%, and the compounds disclosed under (d) in amounts of 0.014% as calculated on the binding agent.
• film-forming agents for the photoconductive layers in which the photoconductive substances are dispersed there may be used natural or synthetic resins or resinoids preferably such as are soluble in organic solvents, these film-forming agents being used in form of aqueous dispersions as disclosed, for instance, in French Patent No. 1,136,146.
• the layers produced from said dispersions may be subjected to a final condensation or final polymerization by heat treatment at temperatures of about -150" C. for about 2 to 30 minutes after being dried.
• Aqueous dispersions of polymeric substances which are soluble in organic solvents such as melamineformaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde resins, xylene-formaldehyde resins, polymers based on vinyl chloride, vinyl idene chloride, vinyl ethers, acrylic esters, methacrylic esters, acrylic amides, such, for example, as methacrylic amide, aromatic vinyl compounds, such, for example, as styrene, isoolefins, such, for example, as isobutylene, copolymers based on the aforementioned compounds, such, for example, as copolymers of vinyl chloride and butyl acrylate, vinylidene chloride and butyl acrylate, synthetic elastomers, such, for example, as copolymers of butadiene and styrene, butadiene and acrylonitrile, and also copolymers of dienes with a preponderant proportion of
• photoconductive inorganic or organic substances for example sulfur and selenium; oxides, sulfides, selenides and iodides of cadmium, mercury, antimony, bismuth, thallium, moylbdenun, aluminum, lead or zinc; arsenic trisulphide; cadmium arsenide; lead chlorate; anthracene; benzidine; anthraquinone; acenaphthene; fluoranthene; naphthalene; chrysene; quinone; gallic acid; and microcrystalline paraffin wax.
• sulfur and selenium for example sulfur and selenium; oxides, sulfides, selenides and iodides of cadmium, mercury, antimony, bismuth, thallium, moylbdenun, aluminum, lead or zinc; arsenic trisulphide; cadmium arsenide; lead chlorate; anthracene; benzidine; anthra
• Terphenyl or p-diphenyl benzene, benzanthrone, 1,5-dicyanonaphthalene, 1,4-dicyanonaphthalene, aminophthalonitrile and nitrophthalonitrile are also particularly suitable.
• the coating solution which is used for the production of the photoconductive layers comprises at least one of the aforementioned substances and a film-forming binding agent, the electric specific resistance of which must be higher than that of the photoconductive substance and preferably also higher than that of the layer support.
• binding agents the electric specific resistance of which amounts to at least 10 ohms per centimeter.
• the quantitative ratios between the photoconductive substances and the binding agents may vary within wide limits. It is preferred to apply the photoconductive substance in amounts of 1 part per 0.3-2 parts by weight of binding agent, and in amounts of 5-60 grams per square meter of photoconductive layer.
• the photoconductive layer there may be used paper or metal plates, such as zinc, aluminum, or brass plates. Furthermore, thin foils of cellulose hydrate, cellulose esters or of polyamide come into question.
• the processing of the disclosed materials is carried out in the usual manner.
• the materials are first made sensitive to light by giving them an electrostatic charge on the coating side in the dark, for instance, by means of a corona discharge.
• the material is then exposed by any of the conventional photographic procedures.
• the latent image obtained is developed by applying a pigmented resin powder carrying an electrostatic charge which is opposite to that of the photoconductive layer.
• Example 1 120 cc. of a 30% aqueous dispersion of a heat-hardenable melamine-formaldehyde resin
• Example 2 120 cc. of a 30% aqueous dispersion of a melamineformaldehyde resin as described in Example 1,
• Example 3 100 cc. of a 30% aqueous dispersion of a melamineformaldehyde resin as descibed in Example 1,
• Example 4 40 g. of zinc oxide are added to 50 cc. of a 35% aqueous emulsion of a copolymer of butadlene-acrylonitrile and styrene (40:40:20) after addition of 80 cc. of water. To this dispersion there are added 1.5 g. of chromium stearoyl chloride. After treating the dispersion for 2 hours in a ball mill, it is coated on a paper support and dried at 70 C.
• Example 5 40 g. of zinc oxide are added to 100 cc. of a 35% aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of vinyl chloride, and acrylic acid and ethyl acrylate. To this dispersion there are added 25 cc. of an aqueous paraflin wax emul sion. After treating in a ball mill for 2 hours, 100 cc. of water and 10 cc. of ammonia are added. Thereafter the dispersion is cast onto a paper support and dried at 80 C.
• a process of producing an electrophotographic plate which comprises mixing together in a ball mill zinc oxide, an aqueous dispersion of a heat-hardenable melamineformaldehyde film-forming resinous binding agent in an amount between 0.3 and 2 parts by weight of the resin per part by weight of the zinc oxide, and an aqueous emulsion of paraffin wax in an amount between 2 and 12 percent by weight of the resinous binding agent based on sented by the following quantities:
• a process of producing an electrophotographic plate which comprises mixing together in a ball mill zinc oxide, an aqueous dispersion of a heat-hardenable melaminedormaildehyde film-forming resinous binding agent in an amount between 0.3 and 2 parts of the resin per part of the zinc oxide, together with a waterproofing substance of the group consisting of (i) an aqueous emulsion of paraffin wax in an amount between 2 and 12 percent by weight of the resinous binding agent based on the paraffin wax content of the emulsion, and

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
• Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (8)

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Citations (14)

• 0
  • BE BE562337D patent/BE562337A/xx unknown
  • BE BE562338D patent/BE562338A/xx unknown
• 1956
  • 1956-11-14 DE DEA26009A patent/DE1082281B/de active Pending
• 1957
  • 1957-11-12 GB GB35254/57A patent/GB883783A/en not_active Expired
  • 1957-11-12 CH CH5256657A patent/CH369020A/de unknown
  • 1957-11-12 GB GB35255/57A patent/GB883784A/en not_active Expired
  • 1957-11-13 US US696024A patent/US3128204A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1957-11-14 FR FR1190060D patent/FR1190060A/fr not_active Expired

Patent Citations (15)

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