Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
  • C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D311/94—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with rings other than six-membered or with ring systems containing such rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
  • C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D311/76—Benzo[c]pyrans

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for the production of bicyclic lactones, insecticidal compositions containing these lactones, and employment of these compounds as insecticides. More specifically, the present invention relates to the preparation and insecticidal use of bicyclic ring lactones which are substituted by alkyl groups, preferably in the alpha position to the carbonyl group, the ring system condensed to the lactone group being a non-aromatic substituted or unsubstituted sixmembered or five-membered ring. The present invention also contemplates novel intermediates employed in the production of these bicyclic lactones.
• iridomyrmecin is to be regarded as a bicyclic lactone and has the structure represented by the following formula:
• bicyclic lactones having insecticidal properties are produced by subjecting to the Diels-Alder addition reaction alpha,betaunsaturated carbocyclic aldehydes or ketones with vinyl ethers having the general formula in which R and/or R" represent hydrogen or alkyl groups, and R an alkyl group, after which the resultant cyclic adducts are hydrogenated and finally oxidized to lactones.
• the alpha,beta-unsaturated earbocyclic aldehydes or ketones are preferably those having not more than six carbon atoms in the ring member.
• Fiveand six-membered rings are most preferred. These ring members may be substituted or unsubstituted with alkyl, aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl groups. Of the substituents on the five or six-membered ring alkyl groups of one to seven carbon atoms are most preferred. Specific examples include methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl and isovaleryl groups.
• Preferred aldehydes or ketones are cyclohexene-l-aldehyde, cyclopentene-l-aldehyde, alkyl (e.g., 4- or S-meth- 3,089,877 Patented May 14, 1963 2 yl)cyclopentene-l-aldehyde and the ketones which correspond to these compounds and in addition have attached to the ketone group a lower alkyl group, e.g., the methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, etc., group.
• alkyl e.g., 4- or S-meth- 3,089,877 Patented May 14, 1963 2 yl
• ketones which correspond to these compounds and in addition have attached to the ketone group a lower alkyl group, e.g., the methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, etc., group.
• R and/ or R represent hydrogen or alkyl groups, and R' is an alkyl group.
• the alkyl groups have, for example, from one to seven carbon atoms, such as the methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isobntyl or isovaleryl group.
• Examples of preferred compounds are methylvinyl ether, ethylvinyl ether and butylvinyl ether.
• the separate stages of the process for the production of the bicyclic lactones are shown, for example, by the following reaction scheme in which the unsaturated aldehyde, S-methyl-cyclopentene-l-aldehyde, reacts as a diene and the Z-methylvinylmethyl ether is to be regarded as a dienophile.
• the Diels-Alder addition reaction may be carried out at room temperature but is preferably carried out in an autoclave above room temperature. A temperature of approximately C. is preferred. Superatmospheric pressure is preferred to atmospheric pressure.
• the hydrogenation stage is carried out in the conventional manner in an alcoholic medium with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst such as nickel, copper, finely divided platinum or palladium, molybdenum and tungsten sulfides or copper and chromium oxides.
• a hydrogenation catalyst such as nickel, copper, finely divided platinum or palladium, molybdenum and tungsten sulfides or copper and chromium oxides.
• Raney nickel is preferred in the autoclave at elevated temperature and pressure.
• the oxidation is carried out employing any conventional oxidation methods, for example, if desired, the oxidation step may be carried out in a slightly acidified medium employing hydrogen peroxide.
• Other oxidation agents which may be effectively employed for the purposes of the present invention will be apparent to those well versed in the art.
• R is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl or an alkaryl group.
• R may be substituted or unsubstituted with other groups and is preferably an alkyl group of 1-5 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl or pentyl.
• the substances produced according to the invention are compounds which have a surprising insecticidal effect.
• the biocidal effect is a rapid one, and in this respect the substances differ essential-1y from the known chlorine-containing insecticides.
• Another important advantage of the new lactones is that they are relatively nontoxic to warmblooded animals. Hence, they are very suitable as insecticides or as active agents in insecticidal compositions.
• the substance to be tested was absorbed in the form of 1 cc. of a solution on a disc of filter paper having a diameter of 9 cm., and the mortality of the insects determined after 24 hours.
• A denotes a complete kill
• B a partial kill
• C no kill
• the compounds of this invention can be employed for insecticidal purposes by the use of any of the methods which are conventionally employed in the art.
• the compounds can either be sprayed or otherwise applied in the form of a solution or dispersion, or they can be absorbed on an inert, finely divided solid and applied as a dust.
• Useful solutions for application by spraying, brushing, dipping, and the like can be prepared by using as the solvent any of the well-known inert horticultural carriers, including neutral hydrocarbons such as kerosene and other light mineral oil distillates of intermediate viscosity and volatility.
• Adjuvants such as spreading or wetting agents, can also be included in the solutions, representative materials of this character being fatty acid soaps, rosin salts, saponins, gelatin, casein, long-chain fatty alcohols, alkyl aryl sulfonatcs, long-chain alkyl sulfonatcs, phenol-ethylene oxide condensates, C to C amines and ammonium salts, and the like.
• These solutions can be employed as such, or more preferably, they can be dispersed or emulsified in Water and the resulting aqueous dispersion or emulsion applied as a spray.
• Solid carrier materials which can be employed include talc, bentonite, lime, gysum, pyrophyllite, and similar inert solid diluents. If desired, the compounds of the present invention can be employed as aerosols, as by dispersing the same into the atmosphere by means of a compressed gas.
• the concentration of the compounds to be used with the above carriers is dependent upon many factors, in-
• the compounds of this invention are effective in concentrations of from about 0.01 to 0.5% based upon the total weight of the composition, though under some circumstances as little as about 0.013001% or as much as 2% or even more of the compound can be employed with good results from an insecticidal standpoint.
• a compound of this invention When employed as an insecticide, a compound of this invention can be employed either as the sole toxic ingreclient of the insecticidal composition, or it can be employed in conjunction with the other insecticidally active materials.
• Representative insecticides of this latter class include the naturally occurring insecticides such as pyrethrurn, rotenone, sabadilla, and the like, as Well as various synthetic insecticides, including DDT, benzene hexachloride, thiodiphenylamine, cyanides, tetraethyl pyrophosphate, idiethyl-p-nitro-phenyl thiophosphate, azobenzene, and the various compounds of arsenic, lead and/ or fluorine.
• a process for the production of a bicyclic lactone of formula which comprises condensing an alpha-beta-unsaturated aldehyde of formula 11221-10112) nr-(JH atmospheric to superatmospheric pressure to obtain a cyclic adduct of formula wherein X and R" are each a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of one to seven carbon atoms, R is alkyl of one to seven carbon atoms and m is a whole positive number from 0 to l, inclusive, hydrogenating the cyclic adduct with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, platinum, palladium molybdenum sulfide, tungsten sulfide, copper oxide, chromurn oxide and oxidizing the hydrogenated cyclic adduct with hydrogen peroxide.
• a hydrogenation catalyst selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, platinum, palladium molybdenum s

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

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Cited By (7)

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Citations (3)

• 0
  • BE BE579766D patent/BE579766A/xx unknown
  • NL NL240332D patent/NL240332A/xx unknown
  • NL NL109180D patent/NL109180C/xx active
• 1958
  • 1958-06-18 DE DED28339A patent/DE1180759B/de active Pending
  • 1958-10-29 DE DED29246A patent/DE1194423B/de active Pending
  • 1958-10-29 DE DED29248A patent/DE1145179B/de active Pending
  • 1958-10-29 DE DED29247A patent/DE1193512B/de active Pending
• 1959
  • 1959-06-17 CH CH7455659A patent/CH394700A/fr unknown
  • 1959-06-18 GB GB20971/59A patent/GB864925A/en not_active Expired
  • 1959-10-27 GB GB36402/59A patent/GB864926A/en not_active Expired
  • 1959-10-27 GB GB36401/59A patent/GB906019A/en not_active Expired
  • 1959-10-28 US US849187A patent/US3089877A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (3)

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