US3005105A - Shipping cask for radioactive materials - Google Patents
Shipping cask for radioactive materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3005105A US3005105A US767935A US76793558A US3005105A US 3005105 A US3005105 A US 3005105A US 767935 A US767935 A US 767935A US 76793558 A US76793558 A US 76793558A US 3005105 A US3005105 A US 3005105A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- cask
- shell
- shipping
- outer shell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
- G21F5/005—Containers for solid radioactive wastes, e.g. for ultimate disposal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
- G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
- G21F5/10—Heat-removal systems, e.g. using circulating fluid or cooling fins
Definitions
- This invention relates to shipping casks for radioactive material. More particularly, it relates to a shipping cask for spent reactor fuel elements.
- a further object is to save expense by decreasing the time in which spent fuel elements must be stored before being shipped.
- a further object and feature of the present invention is to provide suciently good heat conduction from the hot inner portions of the cask to the outer surface of the Cask that hot segments and resulting melting of the shielding material are avoided, even when relatively fresh fuel elements are shipped.
- FIG. l is an elevational view illustrating an embodiment, partially in cross section, of the shipping cask of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a top-sectional view of the cask of FIG. 1 taken on the plane 2-2 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a partial expanded view in cross section of a section of the outer periphery of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. l, illustrating a second embodiment of the shipping cask of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is an upper cross-sectional View of the cask of FIG. 4, taken on the plane 5 5 of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view, taken on the plane 6--6 of FIG. 5, illustrating the heat-conductive lin of FIGS. 4 and 5.
- Shipping casks of the general type illustrated in the drawings of the present invention are well known and are made by pouring molten lead into an annular cylindrical void between a relatively thin inner container and ted States atent O ICC an outer shell, the area within the container becoming the holding place for the materials to be carried. It is well known that when such lead-filled casks are made, the molten lead shrinks upon solidifying and cooling. This is due for lthe most part to the relatively high coefficient of thermal expansion of lead as compared to casing materials such as steel. In shrinking, the lead tends to solidify around the middle and pull away from the outer shell of the cask.
- the embodiment 20 of the shipping cask shown has an inner stainless steel container 10 and an outer stainless steel shell 11. Between the inner and outer cylindrical shells 10 and 11 is an annular section of lead 12, which has been poured into the shielding cavity of the cask to lill the space between the inner and outer shells 10 and 11. Also illustrated, for the sake of clarity, are the upper plug 13, the carrying handles 14, the base plate 15, and the heavy carrying base 16.
- iron tins 17 are welded in circumferentially spaced relationship to the inner side of the outer shell 11. Each iin 17 is welded substantially along the entire vertical height of the stainless steel shell 11. The iron tins 17, as illustrated, are short and angled.
- FIG. 3 illustrates in detail a cross section of the n 17. The iin is shown welded to the outer shell 11 by weldment 18. Stainless steel weld rod is used in the welding. Also shown, and exaggerated for the sake of clarity, is the void 19 between the shell 11 and the lead mass 12 caused by shrinkage of the lead 12 away from the shell 11.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a suitable spacing of tins 17 for most applications. Further preferred ranges for iin construction are hereafter discussed.
- the fins 17 are angled away from the radial direction, so that the fins 17 do not interfere too greatly with the shielding effect of the lead 12 against straight-line radiation.
- the tins 17 are further yangled inwardly at their inner ends to provide a hook, ensuring good heat-conductive contact between the fins 17 and the lead mass 12 during and after cooling and shrinkage of the lead 12 and during subsequent changes in temperature.
- 'I'he shipping cask 21 is similar to the first embodiment in that it comprises an inner stainless steel container 22, an outer stainless steel shell 23, and a monolithic poured annular body of lead 24.
- a plurality of copper tins run from the inner container 22 to the outer shell 23 and are evenly spaced as shown around the shell circumference and throughout the lead 24.
- the iins 25 are silver-soldered along the length of the outer shell 23. They are at a substantial angle from the radius and are in tangential contact with the inner shell 22.
- the fins 25 need not be iixedly attached to the inner shell 22.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a iin 25 in detail.
- a plurality of small holes 26 are situated throughout each iin 25.
- the iins 25 are attached to the outer shell 23 and thereafter the molten lead 24 is poured between the shells 22 and 23 to form the lead mass 24 which solidifes around the tins 25.
- the purpose of having the tins at an angle from the radius is to avoid substantial interference in the shielding ability of the cask against the strong straight-line radiation. It is seen that this embodiment also provides, in the fins 25, many heat-conductive paths between the outer shell 23 and the lead mass 24, even though the lead mass will shrink from the outer shell 23.
- the purpose of the perforations 26 in the fins 25 is to ensure greater contact for heattransfer purposes between the lead mass 24 and the tins 25, even upon the shrinkage of the lead mass 24 which takes place.
- the shipping cask 21, although requiring more fm material than shipping cask 20, has the added advantage of having heat conducting tins all the way in to the center shell 22 to aid the lead 24 in conducting heat to the outer shell 23.
- Copper is preferred for the ns of the embodiment of FIG. 4 of the present invention for several reasons. Not only is it relatively inexpensive and a good conductor, but it adheres well to lead.
- the heat conductivity of copper is .941 cal./cm.2/cm./sec./ C. at 20 C.
- the heat conductivity of lead is only .082 cal./ cm.2/cm./sec./ C. at 20 C.
- the existence of the copper fins 25 within the lead mass 24 aids greatly the conducting of heat through the lead mass from the center shell.
- the contact between the fins 25 and the outer shell 23, which is ensured, provides a heat-conductive path to the outer shell 23.
- the cask of the present invention comprises an inner container, an outer shell, a monolithic cast-lead shielding material situated therebetween, and is characterized by a plurality of heat-conductive ns attached to the inside of the outer shell and extending into the shielding material.
- the water temperature be maintained at not much more than 200 F., that is, that the water not be allowed to boil. It is preferred that, for a circulating-air ternperature of about F. outside the outer shell of the shipping cask in combination with a temperature of about 200 F. for the water around the fuel elements, the area of contact between the iron ns and the shell of the cask of FIG. 1 should be at least as large as three percent of the total inside area of the shell adjacent the lead shielding.
- a carrying cask for radioactive materials which comprises: a thin, inner cylindrical container; an outer cylindrical shell, spaced outwardly from said inner container; and a monolithic cast-lead shielding material situated therebetween; characterized by a plurality of heatconductive fins attached to said outer shell and extending into said lead mass, said fins providing a heat-conductive bridge from said lead mass to said shell across the void therebetween inherent in such a cast-lead carrying cask.
- ns are perforated and extend into the shielding material in a direction such that substantial interference in the shielding ability of the shielding material to straight-line radiation emanating from the container is avoided.
- a carrying cask for radioactive materials which comprises: a thin, inner cylindrical container; an outer cylindrical shell, spaced outwardly from said inner container; and a monolithic cast-lead shielding material sit- 6 uated therebetween; characterized by a plurality of heatsmall so that substantial interference in the shielding conductive ns attached to said Outer shell and extendability of the shielding material to straight-line radiaing into said lead mass, said fins providing a heat-contion emanating from the container is avoided.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
LU37754D LU37754A1 (sv) | 1958-10-17 | ||
BE583252D BE583252A (sv) | 1958-10-17 | ||
NL244271D NL244271A (sv) | 1958-10-17 | ||
US767935A US3005105A (en) | 1958-10-17 | 1958-10-17 | Shipping cask for radioactive materials |
GB30614/59A GB867267A (en) | 1958-10-17 | 1959-09-08 | Improvements in or relating to shipping casks for transporting radioactive materials |
CH356547D CH356547A (fr) | 1958-10-17 | 1959-10-09 | Coffre d'expédition pour le transport de matières radio-actives |
ES0252701A ES252701A1 (es) | 1958-10-17 | 1959-10-16 | Perfeccionamientos en recipientes de envios destinados al transporte de material radiactivo |
FR807640A FR1237612A (fr) | 1958-10-17 | 1959-10-16 | Réceptacle pour le transport de matières radioactives |
DEE18369A DE1119427B (de) | 1958-10-17 | 1959-10-17 | Transportbehaelter fuer radioaktiven Stoff |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US767935A US3005105A (en) | 1958-10-17 | 1958-10-17 | Shipping cask for radioactive materials |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3005105A true US3005105A (en) | 1961-10-17 |
Family
ID=25081015
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US767935A Expired - Lifetime US3005105A (en) | 1958-10-17 | 1958-10-17 | Shipping cask for radioactive materials |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3005105A (sv) |
BE (1) | BE583252A (sv) |
CH (1) | CH356547A (sv) |
DE (1) | DE1119427B (sv) |
ES (1) | ES252701A1 (sv) |
FR (1) | FR1237612A (sv) |
GB (1) | GB867267A (sv) |
LU (1) | LU37754A1 (sv) |
NL (1) | NL244271A (sv) |
Cited By (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3111586A (en) * | 1961-08-25 | 1963-11-19 | Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp | Air-cooled shipping container for nuclear fuel elements |
US3113215A (en) * | 1961-02-27 | 1963-12-03 | Stanray Corp | Cask construction for radioactive material |
US3119933A (en) * | 1960-05-03 | 1964-01-28 | Stanray Corp | Container for transporting thermally hot intensely radioactive material |
US3216077A (en) * | 1961-09-01 | 1965-11-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Process for making a lead screen |
US3414727A (en) * | 1965-04-26 | 1968-12-03 | Nat Lead Co | Shipping container for radioactive material including safety shield means |
US3466662A (en) * | 1964-10-21 | 1969-09-09 | Lyonnaise De Plomberie Ind Soc | Fireproof shielded containers for radioactive materials |
US3727059A (en) * | 1971-01-26 | 1973-04-10 | S Reese | Container for transporting radioactive materials |
US3727060A (en) * | 1969-08-13 | 1973-04-10 | Transnucleaire Soc Transports | Package for the storage and transportation of radioactive substances containing both neutron and gamma radiation absorbing material |
US3780306A (en) * | 1971-05-27 | 1973-12-18 | Nat Lead Co | Radioactive shipping container with neutron and gamma absorbers |
US3828197A (en) * | 1973-04-17 | 1974-08-06 | Atomic Energy Commission | Radioactive waste storage |
US3832563A (en) * | 1972-08-07 | 1974-08-27 | B Dubovsky | Apparatus for storing and processing fissionable substances |
US3851179A (en) * | 1974-02-05 | 1974-11-26 | Atomic Energy Commission | Shipping cask neutron and heat shield |
US4021676A (en) * | 1976-05-07 | 1977-05-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Waste canister for storage of nuclear wastes |
USRE29876E (en) * | 1971-01-26 | 1979-01-02 | Container for transporting radioactive materials | |
US4197467A (en) * | 1977-12-16 | 1980-04-08 | N L Industries, Inc. | Dry containment of radioactive materials |
US4292528A (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-09-29 | The Carborundum Company | Cask for radioactive material and method for preventing release of neutrons from radioactive material |
US4498011A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1985-02-05 | Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur Wiederaufarbeitung | Device for receiving, moving and radiation-shielding of vessels filled with expended reactor fuel elements |
US4587081A (en) * | 1983-05-06 | 1986-05-06 | Novatome | Slab for closing the vessel of a fast neutron nuclear reactor |
US5042679A (en) * | 1989-12-21 | 1991-08-27 | Rso, Inc. | Container for storage of radioactive materials |
US5061858A (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1991-10-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Cask assembly for transporting radioactive material of different intensities |
US5175008A (en) * | 1988-11-24 | 1992-12-29 | Chugoku Shiken Kabushiki Kaisha | Device for supplying plastic material for denture base and flask with the same |
EP1016091A2 (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 2000-07-05 | Holtec International | Apparatus suitable for transporting and storing nuclear fuel rods and methods for using the apparatus |
US6389093B1 (en) * | 1999-06-19 | 2002-05-14 | Gnb Gesellschaft Fur Nuklear-Behalter Mbh | Storage/transport container for spent nuclear-fuel elements |
US6498826B2 (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2002-12-24 | Gnb Gesellschaft Fur Nuklear-Behalter Mbh | Storage/transport container for radioactive material |
US20060219960A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2006-10-05 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Concrete cask and method for manufacturing thereof |
FR2914104A1 (fr) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-09-26 | Tn Int | Emballage pour le transport et/ou stockage de matieres nucleaires comprenant une protection radiologique en plomb coule sur une armature metallique |
JP2009109487A (ja) * | 2007-10-10 | 2009-05-21 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 放射性物質の輸送兼貯蔵用容器 |
US20130206361A1 (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2013-08-15 | Tn International | Packaging for transport and/or storage of radioactive materials, which include improved means of thermal conduction |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1279234B (de) * | 1962-09-07 | 1968-10-03 | Licentia Gmbh | Massiver Transportbehaelter fuer waermeerzeugende radioaktive Massen |
DE2065863B2 (de) * | 1969-08-13 | 1981-07-16 | Transnucléaire, Société pour les Transports de l'Industrie Nucléaire, Paris | Behälter für die Lagerung und den Transport von radioaktiven Materialien |
FR2085189A1 (en) * | 1970-01-14 | 1971-12-24 | Transnucleaire | Storage and transport container for a - radioactive materials |
GB2198682B (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1990-01-17 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Flask for receiving radioactive material |
DE19856685A1 (de) * | 1998-12-09 | 2000-06-15 | Gnb Gmbh | Abschirmbehälter |
EP4073824A4 (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2023-11-01 | GE-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas LLC | PASSIVE HEAT REMOVAL DRUMS AND METHODS OF USING THE SAME |
US11437159B2 (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2022-09-06 | Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc | Passive heat removal casks and methods of using the same |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2600390A (en) * | 1950-12-20 | 1952-06-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Low-capacity vapor-electric device |
US2702613A (en) * | 1950-08-07 | 1955-02-22 | Dayton Steel Foundry Co | Brake drum construction |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB797309A (en) * | 1956-01-05 | 1958-07-02 | Power Gas Ltd | Improvements in or relating to containers for radio-active materials |
-
0
- BE BE583252D patent/BE583252A/xx unknown
- LU LU37754D patent/LU37754A1/xx unknown
- NL NL244271D patent/NL244271A/xx unknown
-
1958
- 1958-10-17 US US767935A patent/US3005105A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1959
- 1959-09-08 GB GB30614/59A patent/GB867267A/en not_active Expired
- 1959-10-09 CH CH356547D patent/CH356547A/fr unknown
- 1959-10-16 FR FR807640A patent/FR1237612A/fr not_active Expired
- 1959-10-16 ES ES0252701A patent/ES252701A1/es not_active Expired
- 1959-10-17 DE DEE18369A patent/DE1119427B/de active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2702613A (en) * | 1950-08-07 | 1955-02-22 | Dayton Steel Foundry Co | Brake drum construction |
US2600390A (en) * | 1950-12-20 | 1952-06-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Low-capacity vapor-electric device |
Cited By (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3119933A (en) * | 1960-05-03 | 1964-01-28 | Stanray Corp | Container for transporting thermally hot intensely radioactive material |
US3113215A (en) * | 1961-02-27 | 1963-12-03 | Stanray Corp | Cask construction for radioactive material |
US3111586A (en) * | 1961-08-25 | 1963-11-19 | Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp | Air-cooled shipping container for nuclear fuel elements |
US3216077A (en) * | 1961-09-01 | 1965-11-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Process for making a lead screen |
US3466662A (en) * | 1964-10-21 | 1969-09-09 | Lyonnaise De Plomberie Ind Soc | Fireproof shielded containers for radioactive materials |
US3414727A (en) * | 1965-04-26 | 1968-12-03 | Nat Lead Co | Shipping container for radioactive material including safety shield means |
US3727060A (en) * | 1969-08-13 | 1973-04-10 | Transnucleaire Soc Transports | Package for the storage and transportation of radioactive substances containing both neutron and gamma radiation absorbing material |
USRE29876E (en) * | 1971-01-26 | 1979-01-02 | Container for transporting radioactive materials | |
US3727059A (en) * | 1971-01-26 | 1973-04-10 | S Reese | Container for transporting radioactive materials |
US3780306A (en) * | 1971-05-27 | 1973-12-18 | Nat Lead Co | Radioactive shipping container with neutron and gamma absorbers |
US3832563A (en) * | 1972-08-07 | 1974-08-27 | B Dubovsky | Apparatus for storing and processing fissionable substances |
US3828197A (en) * | 1973-04-17 | 1974-08-06 | Atomic Energy Commission | Radioactive waste storage |
US3851179A (en) * | 1974-02-05 | 1974-11-26 | Atomic Energy Commission | Shipping cask neutron and heat shield |
US4021676A (en) * | 1976-05-07 | 1977-05-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Waste canister for storage of nuclear wastes |
US4197467A (en) * | 1977-12-16 | 1980-04-08 | N L Industries, Inc. | Dry containment of radioactive materials |
US4292528A (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-09-29 | The Carborundum Company | Cask for radioactive material and method for preventing release of neutrons from radioactive material |
US4498011A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1985-02-05 | Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur Wiederaufarbeitung | Device for receiving, moving and radiation-shielding of vessels filled with expended reactor fuel elements |
US4587081A (en) * | 1983-05-06 | 1986-05-06 | Novatome | Slab for closing the vessel of a fast neutron nuclear reactor |
US5061858A (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1991-10-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Cask assembly for transporting radioactive material of different intensities |
US5175008A (en) * | 1988-11-24 | 1992-12-29 | Chugoku Shiken Kabushiki Kaisha | Device for supplying plastic material for denture base and flask with the same |
US5042679A (en) * | 1989-12-21 | 1991-08-27 | Rso, Inc. | Container for storage of radioactive materials |
EP1016091A2 (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 2000-07-05 | Holtec International | Apparatus suitable for transporting and storing nuclear fuel rods and methods for using the apparatus |
EP1016091A4 (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 2002-02-06 | Holtec Internat | APPARATUS FOR TRANSPORTING AND STORING NUCLEAR FUEL PELLETS, AND METHODS OF USING THE SAME |
US6389093B1 (en) * | 1999-06-19 | 2002-05-14 | Gnb Gesellschaft Fur Nuklear-Behalter Mbh | Storage/transport container for spent nuclear-fuel elements |
US6498826B2 (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2002-12-24 | Gnb Gesellschaft Fur Nuklear-Behalter Mbh | Storage/transport container for radioactive material |
US20060219960A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2006-10-05 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Concrete cask and method for manufacturing thereof |
US7119349B1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2006-10-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Concrete cask and method for manufacturing thereof |
FR2914104A1 (fr) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-09-26 | Tn Int | Emballage pour le transport et/ou stockage de matieres nucleaires comprenant une protection radiologique en plomb coule sur une armature metallique |
WO2008125409A1 (fr) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-10-23 | Tn International | Emballage pour le transport et/ou stockage de matieres nucleaires comprenant une protection radiologique en plomb coule sur une armature metallique |
JP2010521691A (ja) * | 2007-03-21 | 2010-06-24 | テーエヌ・アンテルナシオナル | 金属骨格を覆う鉛鋳造物である放射線保護具を含む、核物質の運搬および/または貯蔵容器 |
US20100183110A1 (en) * | 2007-03-21 | 2010-07-22 | Rene Chiocca | Packaging for the transportation and/or storage of nuclear materials which includes radiological protection made of lead cast over a metallic framework |
CN101652817B (zh) * | 2007-03-21 | 2013-02-13 | Tn国际公司 | 用于运输和/或存储核材料的包括铸造在金属加固件上的铅制辐射保护装置的包装 |
JP2009109487A (ja) * | 2007-10-10 | 2009-05-21 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 放射性物質の輸送兼貯蔵用容器 |
US20130206361A1 (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2013-08-15 | Tn International | Packaging for transport and/or storage of radioactive materials, which include improved means of thermal conduction |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL244271A (sv) | |
DE1119427B (de) | 1961-12-14 |
BE583252A (sv) | |
CH356547A (fr) | 1961-08-31 |
ES252701A1 (es) | 1960-01-01 |
FR1237612A (fr) | 1960-07-29 |
LU37754A1 (sv) | |
GB867267A (en) | 1961-05-03 |
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