US3005105A - Shipping cask for radioactive materials - Google Patents

Shipping cask for radioactive materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3005105A
US3005105A US767935A US76793558A US3005105A US 3005105 A US3005105 A US 3005105A US 767935 A US767935 A US 767935A US 76793558 A US76793558 A US 76793558A US 3005105 A US3005105 A US 3005105A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
lead
cask
shell
shipping
outer shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US767935A
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English (en)
Inventor
Elmer C Lusk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EDLOW LEAD Co
Original Assignee
EDLOW LEAD Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to LU37754D priority Critical patent/LU37754A1/xx
Priority to BE583252D priority patent/BE583252A/xx
Priority to NL244271D priority patent/NL244271A/xx
Priority to US767935A priority patent/US3005105A/en
Application filed by EDLOW LEAD Co filed Critical EDLOW LEAD Co
Priority to GB30614/59A priority patent/GB867267A/en
Priority to CH356547D priority patent/CH356547A/fr
Priority to ES0252701A priority patent/ES252701A1/es
Priority to FR807640A priority patent/FR1237612A/fr
Priority to DEE18369A priority patent/DE1119427B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3005105A publication Critical patent/US3005105A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F5/00Transportable or portable shielded containers
    • G21F5/005Containers for solid radioactive wastes, e.g. for ultimate disposal
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F5/00Transportable or portable shielded containers
    • G21F5/06Details of, or accessories to, the containers
    • G21F5/10Heat-removal systems, e.g. using circulating fluid or cooling fins

Definitions

  • This invention relates to shipping casks for radioactive material. More particularly, it relates to a shipping cask for spent reactor fuel elements.
  • a further object is to save expense by decreasing the time in which spent fuel elements must be stored before being shipped.
  • a further object and feature of the present invention is to provide suciently good heat conduction from the hot inner portions of the cask to the outer surface of the Cask that hot segments and resulting melting of the shielding material are avoided, even when relatively fresh fuel elements are shipped.
  • FIG. l is an elevational view illustrating an embodiment, partially in cross section, of the shipping cask of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top-sectional view of the cask of FIG. 1 taken on the plane 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial expanded view in cross section of a section of the outer periphery of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. l, illustrating a second embodiment of the shipping cask of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is an upper cross-sectional View of the cask of FIG. 4, taken on the plane 5 5 of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view, taken on the plane 6--6 of FIG. 5, illustrating the heat-conductive lin of FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • Shipping casks of the general type illustrated in the drawings of the present invention are well known and are made by pouring molten lead into an annular cylindrical void between a relatively thin inner container and ted States atent O ICC an outer shell, the area within the container becoming the holding place for the materials to be carried. It is well known that when such lead-filled casks are made, the molten lead shrinks upon solidifying and cooling. This is due for lthe most part to the relatively high coefficient of thermal expansion of lead as compared to casing materials such as steel. In shrinking, the lead tends to solidify around the middle and pull away from the outer shell of the cask.
  • the embodiment 20 of the shipping cask shown has an inner stainless steel container 10 and an outer stainless steel shell 11. Between the inner and outer cylindrical shells 10 and 11 is an annular section of lead 12, which has been poured into the shielding cavity of the cask to lill the space between the inner and outer shells 10 and 11. Also illustrated, for the sake of clarity, are the upper plug 13, the carrying handles 14, the base plate 15, and the heavy carrying base 16.
  • iron tins 17 are welded in circumferentially spaced relationship to the inner side of the outer shell 11. Each iin 17 is welded substantially along the entire vertical height of the stainless steel shell 11. The iron tins 17, as illustrated, are short and angled.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates in detail a cross section of the n 17. The iin is shown welded to the outer shell 11 by weldment 18. Stainless steel weld rod is used in the welding. Also shown, and exaggerated for the sake of clarity, is the void 19 between the shell 11 and the lead mass 12 caused by shrinkage of the lead 12 away from the shell 11.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a suitable spacing of tins 17 for most applications. Further preferred ranges for iin construction are hereafter discussed.
  • the fins 17 are angled away from the radial direction, so that the fins 17 do not interfere too greatly with the shielding effect of the lead 12 against straight-line radiation.
  • the tins 17 are further yangled inwardly at their inner ends to provide a hook, ensuring good heat-conductive contact between the fins 17 and the lead mass 12 during and after cooling and shrinkage of the lead 12 and during subsequent changes in temperature.
  • 'I'he shipping cask 21 is similar to the first embodiment in that it comprises an inner stainless steel container 22, an outer stainless steel shell 23, and a monolithic poured annular body of lead 24.
  • a plurality of copper tins run from the inner container 22 to the outer shell 23 and are evenly spaced as shown around the shell circumference and throughout the lead 24.
  • the iins 25 are silver-soldered along the length of the outer shell 23. They are at a substantial angle from the radius and are in tangential contact with the inner shell 22.
  • the fins 25 need not be iixedly attached to the inner shell 22.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a iin 25 in detail.
  • a plurality of small holes 26 are situated throughout each iin 25.
  • the iins 25 are attached to the outer shell 23 and thereafter the molten lead 24 is poured between the shells 22 and 23 to form the lead mass 24 which solidifes around the tins 25.
  • the purpose of having the tins at an angle from the radius is to avoid substantial interference in the shielding ability of the cask against the strong straight-line radiation. It is seen that this embodiment also provides, in the fins 25, many heat-conductive paths between the outer shell 23 and the lead mass 24, even though the lead mass will shrink from the outer shell 23.
  • the purpose of the perforations 26 in the fins 25 is to ensure greater contact for heattransfer purposes between the lead mass 24 and the tins 25, even upon the shrinkage of the lead mass 24 which takes place.
  • the shipping cask 21, although requiring more fm material than shipping cask 20, has the added advantage of having heat conducting tins all the way in to the center shell 22 to aid the lead 24 in conducting heat to the outer shell 23.
  • Copper is preferred for the ns of the embodiment of FIG. 4 of the present invention for several reasons. Not only is it relatively inexpensive and a good conductor, but it adheres well to lead.
  • the heat conductivity of copper is .941 cal./cm.2/cm./sec./ C. at 20 C.
  • the heat conductivity of lead is only .082 cal./ cm.2/cm./sec./ C. at 20 C.
  • the existence of the copper fins 25 within the lead mass 24 aids greatly the conducting of heat through the lead mass from the center shell.
  • the contact between the fins 25 and the outer shell 23, which is ensured, provides a heat-conductive path to the outer shell 23.
  • the cask of the present invention comprises an inner container, an outer shell, a monolithic cast-lead shielding material situated therebetween, and is characterized by a plurality of heat-conductive ns attached to the inside of the outer shell and extending into the shielding material.
  • the water temperature be maintained at not much more than 200 F., that is, that the water not be allowed to boil. It is preferred that, for a circulating-air ternperature of about F. outside the outer shell of the shipping cask in combination with a temperature of about 200 F. for the water around the fuel elements, the area of contact between the iron ns and the shell of the cask of FIG. 1 should be at least as large as three percent of the total inside area of the shell adjacent the lead shielding.
  • a carrying cask for radioactive materials which comprises: a thin, inner cylindrical container; an outer cylindrical shell, spaced outwardly from said inner container; and a monolithic cast-lead shielding material situated therebetween; characterized by a plurality of heatconductive fins attached to said outer shell and extending into said lead mass, said fins providing a heat-conductive bridge from said lead mass to said shell across the void therebetween inherent in such a cast-lead carrying cask.
  • ns are perforated and extend into the shielding material in a direction such that substantial interference in the shielding ability of the shielding material to straight-line radiation emanating from the container is avoided.
  • a carrying cask for radioactive materials which comprises: a thin, inner cylindrical container; an outer cylindrical shell, spaced outwardly from said inner container; and a monolithic cast-lead shielding material sit- 6 uated therebetween; characterized by a plurality of heatsmall so that substantial interference in the shielding conductive ns attached to said Outer shell and extendability of the shielding material to straight-line radiaing into said lead mass, said fins providing a heat-contion emanating from the container is avoided.
US767935A 1958-10-17 1958-10-17 Shipping cask for radioactive materials Expired - Lifetime US3005105A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU37754D LU37754A1 (de) 1958-10-17
BE583252D BE583252A (de) 1958-10-17
NL244271D NL244271A (de) 1958-10-17
US767935A US3005105A (en) 1958-10-17 1958-10-17 Shipping cask for radioactive materials
GB30614/59A GB867267A (en) 1958-10-17 1959-09-08 Improvements in or relating to shipping casks for transporting radioactive materials
CH356547D CH356547A (fr) 1958-10-17 1959-10-09 Coffre d'expédition pour le transport de matières radio-actives
ES0252701A ES252701A1 (es) 1958-10-17 1959-10-16 Perfeccionamientos en recipientes de envios destinados al transporte de material radiactivo
FR807640A FR1237612A (fr) 1958-10-17 1959-10-16 Réceptacle pour le transport de matières radioactives
DEE18369A DE1119427B (de) 1958-10-17 1959-10-17 Transportbehaelter fuer radioaktiven Stoff

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US767935A US3005105A (en) 1958-10-17 1958-10-17 Shipping cask for radioactive materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3005105A true US3005105A (en) 1961-10-17

Family

ID=25081015

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US767935A Expired - Lifetime US3005105A (en) 1958-10-17 1958-10-17 Shipping cask for radioactive materials

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3005105A (de)
BE (1) BE583252A (de)
CH (1) CH356547A (de)
DE (1) DE1119427B (de)
ES (1) ES252701A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1237612A (de)
GB (1) GB867267A (de)
LU (1) LU37754A1 (de)
NL (1) NL244271A (de)

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3111586A (en) * 1961-08-25 1963-11-19 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Air-cooled shipping container for nuclear fuel elements
US3113215A (en) * 1961-02-27 1963-12-03 Stanray Corp Cask construction for radioactive material
US3119933A (en) * 1960-05-03 1964-01-28 Stanray Corp Container for transporting thermally hot intensely radioactive material
US3216077A (en) * 1961-09-01 1965-11-09 Commissariat Energie Atomique Process for making a lead screen
US3414727A (en) * 1965-04-26 1968-12-03 Nat Lead Co Shipping container for radioactive material including safety shield means
US3466662A (en) * 1964-10-21 1969-09-09 Lyonnaise De Plomberie Ind Soc Fireproof shielded containers for radioactive materials
US3727059A (en) * 1971-01-26 1973-04-10 S Reese Container for transporting radioactive materials
US3727060A (en) * 1969-08-13 1973-04-10 Transnucleaire Soc Transports Package for the storage and transportation of radioactive substances containing both neutron and gamma radiation absorbing material
US3780306A (en) * 1971-05-27 1973-12-18 Nat Lead Co Radioactive shipping container with neutron and gamma absorbers
US3828197A (en) * 1973-04-17 1974-08-06 Atomic Energy Commission Radioactive waste storage
US3832563A (en) * 1972-08-07 1974-08-27 B Dubovsky Apparatus for storing and processing fissionable substances
US3851179A (en) * 1974-02-05 1974-11-26 Atomic Energy Commission Shipping cask neutron and heat shield
US4021676A (en) * 1976-05-07 1977-05-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Waste canister for storage of nuclear wastes
USRE29876E (en) * 1971-01-26 1979-01-02 Container for transporting radioactive materials
US4197467A (en) * 1977-12-16 1980-04-08 N L Industries, Inc. Dry containment of radioactive materials
US4292528A (en) * 1979-06-21 1981-09-29 The Carborundum Company Cask for radioactive material and method for preventing release of neutrons from radioactive material
US4498011A (en) * 1980-05-09 1985-02-05 Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur Wiederaufarbeitung Device for receiving, moving and radiation-shielding of vessels filled with expended reactor fuel elements
US4587081A (en) * 1983-05-06 1986-05-06 Novatome Slab for closing the vessel of a fast neutron nuclear reactor
US5042679A (en) * 1989-12-21 1991-08-27 Rso, Inc. Container for storage of radioactive materials
US5061858A (en) * 1987-10-19 1991-10-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Cask assembly for transporting radioactive material of different intensities
US5175008A (en) * 1988-11-24 1992-12-29 Chugoku Shiken Kabushiki Kaisha Device for supplying plastic material for denture base and flask with the same
EP1016091A2 (de) * 1997-05-19 2000-07-05 Holtec International Apparat, geeignet zum transport und lagerung von kernbrennstoffstäben und verfahren zur verwendung des apparats
US6389093B1 (en) * 1999-06-19 2002-05-14 Gnb Gesellschaft Fur Nuklear-Behalter Mbh Storage/transport container for spent nuclear-fuel elements
US6498826B2 (en) * 1999-12-15 2002-12-24 Gnb Gesellschaft Fur Nuklear-Behalter Mbh Storage/transport container for radioactive material
US20060219960A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2006-10-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Concrete cask and method for manufacturing thereof
FR2914104A1 (fr) * 2007-03-21 2008-09-26 Tn Int Emballage pour le transport et/ou stockage de matieres nucleaires comprenant une protection radiologique en plomb coule sur une armature metallique
JP2009109487A (ja) * 2007-10-10 2009-05-21 Kobe Steel Ltd 放射性物質の輸送兼貯蔵用容器
US20130206361A1 (en) * 2010-06-02 2013-08-15 Tn International Packaging for transport and/or storage of radioactive materials, which include improved means of thermal conduction

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1279234B (de) * 1962-09-07 1968-10-03 Licentia Gmbh Massiver Transportbehaelter fuer waermeerzeugende radioaktive Massen
DE2065863B2 (de) * 1969-08-13 1981-07-16 Transnucléaire, Société pour les Transports de l'Industrie Nucléaire, Paris Behälter für die Lagerung und den Transport von radioaktiven Materialien
FR2085189A1 (en) * 1970-01-14 1971-12-24 Transnucleaire Storage and transport container for a - radioactive materials
GB2198682B (en) * 1986-12-19 1990-01-17 British Nuclear Fuels Plc Flask for receiving radioactive material
DE19856685A1 (de) * 1998-12-09 2000-06-15 Gnb Gmbh Abschirmbehälter
JP2023509325A (ja) 2019-12-11 2023-03-08 ジーイー-ヒタチ・ニュークリア・エナジー・アメリカズ・エルエルシー 受動的熱除去キャスクおよびその使用方法
EP4073824A4 (de) * 2019-12-11 2023-11-01 GE-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas LLC Passive wärmeabfuhrbehälter und verfahren zur verwendung derselben

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2600390A (en) * 1950-12-20 1952-06-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Low-capacity vapor-electric device
US2702613A (en) * 1950-08-07 1955-02-22 Dayton Steel Foundry Co Brake drum construction

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB797309A (en) * 1956-01-05 1958-07-02 Power Gas Ltd Improvements in or relating to containers for radio-active materials

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2702613A (en) * 1950-08-07 1955-02-22 Dayton Steel Foundry Co Brake drum construction
US2600390A (en) * 1950-12-20 1952-06-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Low-capacity vapor-electric device

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3119933A (en) * 1960-05-03 1964-01-28 Stanray Corp Container for transporting thermally hot intensely radioactive material
US3113215A (en) * 1961-02-27 1963-12-03 Stanray Corp Cask construction for radioactive material
US3111586A (en) * 1961-08-25 1963-11-19 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Air-cooled shipping container for nuclear fuel elements
US3216077A (en) * 1961-09-01 1965-11-09 Commissariat Energie Atomique Process for making a lead screen
US3466662A (en) * 1964-10-21 1969-09-09 Lyonnaise De Plomberie Ind Soc Fireproof shielded containers for radioactive materials
US3414727A (en) * 1965-04-26 1968-12-03 Nat Lead Co Shipping container for radioactive material including safety shield means
US3727060A (en) * 1969-08-13 1973-04-10 Transnucleaire Soc Transports Package for the storage and transportation of radioactive substances containing both neutron and gamma radiation absorbing material
USRE29876E (en) * 1971-01-26 1979-01-02 Container for transporting radioactive materials
US3727059A (en) * 1971-01-26 1973-04-10 S Reese Container for transporting radioactive materials
US3780306A (en) * 1971-05-27 1973-12-18 Nat Lead Co Radioactive shipping container with neutron and gamma absorbers
US3832563A (en) * 1972-08-07 1974-08-27 B Dubovsky Apparatus for storing and processing fissionable substances
US3828197A (en) * 1973-04-17 1974-08-06 Atomic Energy Commission Radioactive waste storage
US3851179A (en) * 1974-02-05 1974-11-26 Atomic Energy Commission Shipping cask neutron and heat shield
US4021676A (en) * 1976-05-07 1977-05-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Waste canister for storage of nuclear wastes
US4197467A (en) * 1977-12-16 1980-04-08 N L Industries, Inc. Dry containment of radioactive materials
US4292528A (en) * 1979-06-21 1981-09-29 The Carborundum Company Cask for radioactive material and method for preventing release of neutrons from radioactive material
US4498011A (en) * 1980-05-09 1985-02-05 Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur Wiederaufarbeitung Device for receiving, moving and radiation-shielding of vessels filled with expended reactor fuel elements
US4587081A (en) * 1983-05-06 1986-05-06 Novatome Slab for closing the vessel of a fast neutron nuclear reactor
US5061858A (en) * 1987-10-19 1991-10-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Cask assembly for transporting radioactive material of different intensities
US5175008A (en) * 1988-11-24 1992-12-29 Chugoku Shiken Kabushiki Kaisha Device for supplying plastic material for denture base and flask with the same
US5042679A (en) * 1989-12-21 1991-08-27 Rso, Inc. Container for storage of radioactive materials
EP1016091A2 (de) * 1997-05-19 2000-07-05 Holtec International Apparat, geeignet zum transport und lagerung von kernbrennstoffstäben und verfahren zur verwendung des apparats
EP1016091A4 (de) * 1997-05-19 2002-02-06 Holtec Internat Apparat, geeignet zum transport und lagerung von kernbrennstoffstäben und verfahren zur verwendung des apparats
US6389093B1 (en) * 1999-06-19 2002-05-14 Gnb Gesellschaft Fur Nuklear-Behalter Mbh Storage/transport container for spent nuclear-fuel elements
US6498826B2 (en) * 1999-12-15 2002-12-24 Gnb Gesellschaft Fur Nuklear-Behalter Mbh Storage/transport container for radioactive material
US20060219960A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2006-10-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Concrete cask and method for manufacturing thereof
US7119349B1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2006-10-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Concrete cask and method for manufacturing thereof
FR2914104A1 (fr) * 2007-03-21 2008-09-26 Tn Int Emballage pour le transport et/ou stockage de matieres nucleaires comprenant une protection radiologique en plomb coule sur une armature metallique
WO2008125409A1 (fr) * 2007-03-21 2008-10-23 Tn International Emballage pour le transport et/ou stockage de matieres nucleaires comprenant une protection radiologique en plomb coule sur une armature metallique
JP2010521691A (ja) * 2007-03-21 2010-06-24 テーエヌ・アンテルナシオナル 金属骨格を覆う鉛鋳造物である放射線保護具を含む、核物質の運搬および/または貯蔵容器
US20100183110A1 (en) * 2007-03-21 2010-07-22 Rene Chiocca Packaging for the transportation and/or storage of nuclear materials which includes radiological protection made of lead cast over a metallic framework
CN101652817B (zh) * 2007-03-21 2013-02-13 Tn国际公司 用于运输和/或存储核材料的包括铸造在金属加固件上的铅制辐射保护装置的包装
JP2009109487A (ja) * 2007-10-10 2009-05-21 Kobe Steel Ltd 放射性物質の輸送兼貯蔵用容器
US20130206361A1 (en) * 2010-06-02 2013-08-15 Tn International Packaging for transport and/or storage of radioactive materials, which include improved means of thermal conduction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU37754A1 (de)
CH356547A (fr) 1961-08-31
DE1119427B (de) 1961-12-14
ES252701A1 (es) 1960-01-01
GB867267A (en) 1961-05-03
NL244271A (de)
FR1237612A (fr) 1960-07-29
BE583252A (de)

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