US2984540A - Printing and dyeing of pile material - Google Patents

Printing and dyeing of pile material Download PDF

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Publication number
US2984540A
US2984540A US677951A US67795157A US2984540A US 2984540 A US2984540 A US 2984540A US 677951 A US677951 A US 677951A US 67795157 A US67795157 A US 67795157A US 2984540 A US2984540 A US 2984540A
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United States
Prior art keywords
color
pile
fabric
coloring agent
printing
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US677951A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tillett Mary Victoria
Tillett George Hadlow
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Bigelow Sanford Inc
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Bigelow Sanford Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Bigelow Sanford Inc filed Critical Bigelow Sanford Inc
Priority to US677951A priority Critical patent/US2984540A/en
Priority to GB29552/60A priority patent/GB868416A/en
Priority to GB34235/57A priority patent/GB868415A/en
Priority to DED28299A priority patent/DE1099977B/de
Priority to FR786577A priority patent/FR1224294A/fr
Priority claimed from FR786577A external-priority patent/FR1224294A/fr
Priority to CH356741D priority patent/CH356741A/fr
Priority to US100777A priority patent/US3175488A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2984540A publication Critical patent/US2984540A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
    • D06B11/0056—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of fabrics
    • D06B11/0069—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of fabrics by continuous contact with a member able to bring simultaneously a plurality of treating materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F1/00—Platen presses, i.e. presses in which printing is effected by at least one essentially-flat pressure-applying member co-operating with a flat type-bed
    • B41F1/26—Details
    • B41F1/40—Inking units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F15/00—Screen printers
    • B41F15/14—Details
    • B41F15/34—Screens, Frames; Holders therefor
    • B41F15/36—Screens, Frames; Holders therefor flat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/929—Carpet dyeing

Definitions

  • the apparatus includes receptacles for receiving the coloring material, said receptacles having upstanding walls which define the design to be applied, and said walls serving to substantially separate the pile from contiguous areas.
  • the apparatus further includes means for applying pressure to the pile therebycausing the pile within the respective receptacles to be in a state of. compression,
  • such compression being designed to cause even distribution of all the available coloring-material in thereceptacle among the portion of the pile entering it,-the amount of coloring material present being sufiicient to saturate and impregnate thepile but to leave it reasonably dry upon removing the pile fromthe receptacle.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a novel apparatus for applying a plurality of colors to pile carpeting wherein the carpetingis in roll form and wherein the operation is acontinuousone as distinguished from deep dyeing individual strips.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of the dye carrying portion of the apparatus.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2--2 of Figure 1, and showing carpeting in position for immersion.
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged detail .view showing the pile under compression.
  • Figure 4 is a similar view showing a fabric of shorter pile with the pile under compression.
  • Figure 5a is an enlarged detail view of a section of earpeting having a coarse loop construction and prior to mmersion.
  • Figure 5b is :a similarview after immersion and compression.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of three forms of walls on the dye receptacle.
  • Figure 7a is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the dye receptacle.
  • Figure 7b is a modified form of theconstiuctionshown in Figure .741.
  • Figure 7c is a further modification of the construction shown in Figure 7a.
  • Figure 8 is a further modification showing the provision of an absorbent layer and the pile fabric compressed against said absorbent layer.
  • Figure 9a is similar to the .form shown in Figure 8 with channels provided in the receptacle bottom. I
  • Figure 9b is a sectional view taken on the line 9b-.9b of Figure 9a.
  • Figure 9c is a view similar to the modification shown in Figure 8 with the absorbent material resting on a. layer of wire screen.
  • Figure 10 is a sectional view of the/equipment, showing a sheet of resilient material affixed to the underside of the platen.
  • Figure 11 is a diagrammatieview ofia metering device for feeding coloring material to the dye receptacle.
  • Figure 12a is a perspective view of a portion ofthe machine showing the manner of feeding individual rugs to the platen.
  • Figure 12b is asectiona1 view-taken 0n'.line12b -1 2b of Figure 12a.
  • Figure 12c isa detailed view showing one manner of removing a carpet section-from the printing form.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of a machineiorpattern dyeinga roll of carpet.
  • Figure 18 shows three further modifications of the upstanding walls on the dye receptacle.
  • Figure 19 is a detailed sectional view through a portion of a dye form or receptacle.
  • Figure 20 is a sectional view of a modified form of machine for applying single colors to carpeting.
  • Figure 20a is a modification of the machine shown in Figure 20.
  • Figure 21 is a perspective view of a portion of the roller shown in Figure 20.
  • Figure 22 is a diagrammatic View of a further modification of a machine useful for applying a single color to carpeting.
  • Figure 23 is a sectional view through'a printing form showing a different method of feeding coloring material.
  • Figure 24 is a top plan view thereof.
  • Figure 25 is an enlarged detailed view of a modification of the printing form shown in Figure 2.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 disclose the invention confined to a single design adaptation.
  • the printing form shown in plan view in Figure l and in sectional view in the lower half of Figure 2 is indicated by the numeral 25 and is supported upon a base member 26.
  • the printing form 25 may comprise any number of layers, depending upon the number of colors to be used, but for illustrative purposes is shown as a three layer form.
  • the bottom wall 27 may be of metal, plastic or any suitable material having dimensional stability, moisture resistance, and resistance to the chemicals which may be contained in the coloring agents indicated by numeral 28.
  • Around the outside rim of the bottom wall 27 is glued or otherwise tightly secured a border strip 29 of uniform height and which is strong enough to support the top layers and withstand considerable pressure.
  • spacer columns 30 are secured to the lower wall, such coumns being of the same height as the border strip 29.
  • the columns 30 are strong enough to give support and spaced frequently enough to prevent a second wall 31 placed on top of them from buckling under pressure.
  • the inner wall 31 is secured tightly to the border strip and the spacer columns to form a or other elastic or compressible substances for a purpose which will appear.
  • the outer strip 38 is provided with an inclined gasket 39, and the inner strips 38 define various shaped color receptacles 40. Holes 41 are drilled at frequent intervals through the top wall 37 and through as many intermediate walls as is necessary to reach the desired color level.
  • tubes 42 of suitable length to reach the desired level, such tubes fitting snugly into the holes and coated with a sea ing substance to produce a perfect seal at the points of penetration. It will be noted, as seen in Figure 2. that the upper ends of the tubes are level with the top surface of wall 37. Openings are provided in each of the border strips 29, 32 and 35 to receive tubes 43 which connect each of the compartments with the corresponding color feeding devices to be described.
  • the top platen which carries the carpeting is shown in Figure 2 and is indicated by the numeral 44.
  • Numeral 45 indicates the hydraulic rams which sets the platen in motion.
  • the platen has attached to its underside a sheet of rubber, felt or other resilient substance 46 to the under side of which the pile fabric 47 is secured by any suitable means.
  • the pile fabric is shown secured by vacuum means.
  • the platen is shown as being hollow with the lower wall perforated and a vacuum hose 48 mounted on the top wall and leading to any suitable vacuum source (not shown).
  • the coloring process is a relatively simple operation.
  • the strata printing form 25 is set on top of the base 26, the tubes 43 are then installed to connect the form with the appropriate color feeding devices, which supply a premeasured quantity of coloring agent to the form by means of gravity flow or pressure feeding devices, the amounts of coloring material being calculated so as to yield the desired level of coloring agent in the receptacles 40.
  • the top platen 44 With the carpet 47 affixed to the top platen 44, the top platen is forced down by the hydraulic rams 45 to start the pattern dyeing operation.
  • Figure 3 shows the carpet pile in a state of compression between the top platen 44 and the surface of the top wall 37 at the bottom of the printing cycle.
  • the dividing walls 38 have fully entered the pile face of fabric 47. As seen in the drawings, these dividing walls are shorter than the pile height of the fabric, causing the fibers to be squeezed and compressed into the coloring agent 28. This pressing and squeezing action forces the coloring agent into the spaces between the compressed fibers, causing them to be evenly and thoroughly impregnated with the coloring agent.
  • the fibers entering the coloring agent displace sufficient volume to force the level of the coloring agent higher as the carpet fibers are compressed into the color receptacle, and the level of the coloring agent, the height of the dividing wall and the pressure exerted by the top platen are calculated in such a way as to cause the level of the coloring agent to rise to the carpet backing, but not beyond it, when the fibers have reached their full state of compression.
  • a low level of coloring agent, a low wall height and a great deal of pressure will result in a fabric almost dry to the touch upon emergence from the printing form.
  • a high level of coloring agents, relatively high walls and fairly low pressure will result in a fabric quite wet upon emergence.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the advantage of using a rubber or compressible wall 38.
  • the resilient walls 38 are shown under a state of compression. Under the influence of the pressure exerted on the carpet by the top platen, the fibers enter between the rubber walls and compress them to a depth then largely determined by the degree of pressure exerted, rather than by the height of rigid dividing walls. In this manner, one printing form will effectively handle a great variety of fabric constructions.
  • FIG. 5a and 5b A further advantage of using a rubber or compressible wall 38 is shown in Figures 5a and 5b.
  • Numeral 50 denotes a carpeting of loop construction made of rather coarse yarn in which the loops may be randomly oriented. This makes it diflicult for the dividing wall 38 to enter cleanly between the fibers, some of the coarse yarns lying over the ridge of the dividing wall.
  • the divid- :ing wall 38 acts in effect as a gasket, yielding to the irregularities in the surface and sealing off the color receptacles from each other.
  • the gasket effect is the fact that the yielding nature of the rubber permits the carpet to find its own level under uniform pressure across the entire printing area, whereas the accumulation of coarse yarn on the ridge of rigid dividing walls would tend to cause high spots and prevent effective penetration.
  • a barrier is interposed between the meniscus and the top ridge of the dividing wall by means of a head 52 or recess 53 near the top of the dividing wall, as illustrated in Figures 6b and 6c. Whether a head 52 or a recess 53 is to be used depends on the thickness of the dividing wall, the nature of the material of "which it is made, and the surface tension characteristics of the particular coloring agent used.
  • Figure 7a illus trates the emergence of coloring agent 28 from dye-feed- ;ing tube 42 on a perfectly smooth form surface. It illustrates the tendency of the liquid to form a globule above the tube opening held together by the natural surface tension of the liquid which refuses to spread laterally. Only at the point where the height of the globule enables the liquid to overcome its surface tension by increased gravity, does the globule begin to spread laterally, and fill up the color receptacle.
  • Figure 7b shows a system of ridging the surface in directions at right angles to each other :so as to produce small, pyramidal protrusions 54.
  • the act of thus breaking up the surface causes the liquid to flow instantly, and to spread widely immediately upon emergence from the color-feeding tube 42.
  • What this device accomplishes is to increase the depth of the color .levelin the low spots and decrease it in the high spots so as to offer a deeper fiowlevel in the valleys while at the same time maintaining the same volume of.liquid per square inch of area.
  • the color level required is so low that lateral gravity flow cannot be entirely relied on even in the presence of the above flow promoting surface characteristics.
  • the degree of pressure can be adjusted so as to liberate by compression a sufiiciently deep or shallow level of coloring agent so as to effect the thorough penetration and impregnation of the fabric in question.
  • Figure 8 shows the form surface 37 from which protrude dividing walls 38 between which the form surface is lined with an absorbent layer 56 soaking up coloring agent through dye-feeding tubes 42. This figure illustrates the compression of thin pile fabric against the absorbent material 56.
  • Figures 9a, 9b, and 9c illustrate two ways designed to facilitate the rapid wetting of the absorbent layer 56.
  • narrow channels 57 are routed in the form surface 37 radially from the mouth of the feeding tubes 42 in order to bring larger areas of the absorbent layer into direct contact with the coloring material.
  • a layer of wire mesh 58 or the like is shown interposed between the surface of form 37 and the absorbent layer 56 to permit -a free flow of the coloring agent beneath the surface of the absorbent layer.
  • the top platen 44 is provided with a layer of rubber, felt or other resilient material 59, which engages the irregular carpet backing 60 in such manner as to yield to the high spots and project into the low spots, thus effectively sealing off the pores. of the carpet against undesirable color penetration, and simultaneously aiding in the even exertion of pressure.
  • feeding mechanisms may be employed for supplying coloring material to the pattern receptacles.
  • the exact nature of the feeding mechanisms depend to a certain extent on the viscosity of the coloring agent used. For very thin, free-flowing solutions, it may be sufficient to maintain constant level reservoirs outside the pattern area, the level of which is held constant by a chicken feed or other mechanism at exactly the same horizontal .level as the color level in the color receptacles. Since the-differential level between reservoir and color receptacle is, at the start of flow, quite small and approaches zero as the color receptacle 'fills to the desired level, the rateof flow is relatively slow.
  • a color metering device which meters out a pre-determined coloring agent sufficient to refill all the color reservoirs of that particular color "for 'each printing cycle.
  • This metering device is supported 'on a table of adjustable height, so that the feeding device :can
  • the coloring agent tends to level itself out through the intercommunicationof :color receptacles of the same color in the color strata of :the multi-level form.
  • the feeding device is raised or lowered according to the speed of flow desired.
  • numeral 1 61 discloses a large color supply tank filled'with absorbent form of metering'device.
  • the coloring agent is fed to :the metering device through apipe 62controlled by a solenoid valve 63.
  • the metering device comprises "a cylinder 64,- within second rod 70 of a height equal to the full extended height of rod 66.
  • To the rod 70 are attached two adjustable clamps 71, each having protrusions 72 mounted in such manner as to engage activating button 73 of microswitch 69.
  • the relative positions of clamps 71 determine the limit upper and lower positions of the micro-switch 69.
  • the coloring agent 28 flows from the metering device to the printing form through tube 43, past solenoid valve 74.
  • the entire metering device is supported on an adjustable table 75.
  • coloring agent flows out of the full metering device through tube 43 until float 65 has fallen sutficiently for lower projection 72 to engage micro-switch 69 at which moment solenoid valve 74 is closed by the action of micro-switch 69, stopping flow of the coloring agent.
  • solenoid valve 74 is closed by the action of micro-switch 69, stopping flow of the coloring agent.
  • the speed of the cycle is determined by the rapidity with which the coloring agent flows into the receptacles, the actual duration of the compression of the carpet in the printing form being almost instantaneous. Synchronized with the above cycle is the feeding of fresh carpeting material into the printing equipment.
  • metering device While a specific form of metering device has been shown and described, other means such as positive metering pumps can be employed for feeding a predetermined amount of coloring material under a controlled pressure.
  • the platen 76 includes a hollow perforated plate 77 to which a vacuum hose 7 8 is connected. Runners 79 are secured to the platen 76 by means of brackets 80 and support the rollers 81 carried by the vacuum plate 77.
  • the bottom platen is indicated by the numeral 82 and supports the printing form 83.
  • a lifting table 84 is raised or lowered by a hydraulic plunger 85 and is shown supporting a carpet 86, face downward. In operation, the hollow plate rolls out to the feed side above the hydraulic table which presses the carpet back against the vacuum plate.
  • the vacuum exerted through the holes in the vacuum plate securely holds the carpet against it with the pile face down.
  • the hollow plate is then moved on its rollers into the top platen which descends upon the printing form 83 and performs the printing operation.
  • the platen is then lifted and the plate rolled to the other side for removal of the printed carpet.
  • the plate is then shuttled back to the feed side to receive a fresh carpet from the hydraulic table.
  • the vacuum plate carrying the carpet, or the top platen may be made in two parts as seen in Figure 12c with the bottom part 87 hinged to the upper part 88 by a hinge 89, with the other side of the bottom part separable from the upper part by a piston or plunger 90.
  • the vacuum plate or top plasten moving upwards from the printing form completely parallel with it, the carpet is peeled from the form by reason of the hinged arrangement.
  • Figure 13 illustrates a complete assembly of equipment for pattern dyeing a carpet in roll form as distinguished from short lengths of carpeting.
  • the printing form. 91 is set onthe bottom platen 92 of a fiat bed down-acting or up-acting hydraulic press.
  • the top platen 93 rides up and down on posts 94 and is activated by hydraulic ram 95.
  • a roll 96 of fresh carpeting is mounted on supports 97 attached to the feed side of the top platen.
  • the carpet 98 is then fed over pin roller 97a, provided with a torque clutch, between the sheet of resilient material 99 on the underside of the top platen and the printing form 91 over pin roller 100 to take-up roll 101, both rollers being held by supporting beams 102 attached to the top platen 93.
  • the upper platen can be hinged as in Figure 12c, or the carpet can be relaxed between the two tension rollers 97a and 100, by having suitable mountings for these rollers permitting retraction of the rollers into the platen to provide slack.
  • Small lateral slots may be provided in the upper platen to give air free access to the back of the carpet and promote easy separation.
  • a slight loop is formed under the tension of the slack fabric, causing separation of the carpet from the form from both sides with the center portion the last to be parted from the form.
  • the tension rollers are again extended the full distance from the platen, and the carpet remains under tension until the next parting.
  • the color levels of the printing form are connected by tubes 43 to the color metering devices 64 supported on the adjustable table 75.
  • the color metering devices are connected to the color storage tanks 61 by tubes 62, said tanks being supported above the top of the metering devices by a stand 103 in order to permit color to flow freely into the metering devices under the force of gravity.
  • platen 93 descends until carpet 98 is compressed into form 91.
  • the platen trips a limit switch which not only causes the metering devices 64 to discharge a fresh quantity of coloring agent into the printing form but also activates a motor 164 driving pin roller 109 to feed fresh carpeting into the machine from carpet roll 96.
  • the forward motion of the carpet is halted exactly at the point where the rear edge of the print in the carpet coincides with the front edge of the form thus exposing fresh carpet above the printing form to receive another repeat print.
  • the feeding of the carpet takes place during the upward and downward motion of the platen, and the speed of the equipment is so gauged that the feeding of new carpet is completed by the time the downward motion of the "95 platen" again'engages the carpet with the printing patternl
  • the construction of the printing form must be adjusted when the viscosity of the coloring agent is too high to flow freely under gravity or when the number of colors contained in the pattern is so large and individual color areas of some of these colors so small in relation to overall pattern that construction of a device with perhaps as many as fifteen or twenty-five color levels as illustrated in Figure 2 would be impractical.
  • FIG. 15 For coloring agents of high viscosity, reference is had to Figure 15 wherein a suitable form is illustrated.
  • the dividing walls 38 are embedded in a plastic or other suitable sheet 105 which forms the printing surface. Beneath thissheet are glued or otherwise secured a plurality of support strips 106 which follow in outline subetantially the pattern made on the surface by dividing Walls 38. Against the opposite edges of these support strips 106 is then glued or secured a sealing sheet 107 and around the outside, between the sheets 105 and 107, are placed border strips similar to border strips 29 shown in Figure 2.
  • the sealing sheet 107 is supported by columns .108 spaced at sufliciently close intervals not to permitbuckling of the top sheets under pressure, but high enough.
  • the support strips 106 serve to provide color cavities 111 corresponding substantially in shape to the color receptacles 1.12 on the surface.
  • a large number of small holes 113 are provided in sheet 105 to connect color receptacle 112 with color cavity 111.
  • sealing sheet 107 one or more large holes are then drilled into which are set short length of tubing 113.
  • tubes 109 which connect the color cavities with color feeding devices.
  • Short lengths of flexible tubing 115 are inserted, which can all be simultaneously closed off by being compressed -bythe action of pinch bar 116 activated by a cam 117, as seen in Figure 14.
  • shutting oif device The purpose of this shutting oif device is the simultaneous blocking of all color feeding tubes 109 when the carpet is being compressed into the color receptacles :112, since without such shutting oif, the color would tend to be forced back into the feeding devices through tubes 109 by the action of the carpet squeezing the coloring agent out of the color receptacles through holes 113.
  • This same purpose is accomplished in Figure 11 by the simultaneous closing of all solenoid valves 74.
  • the special closing device of pinch bar 116 in close proximity to the printing form is here necessitated by the fact that tubes 109 leading into the printing form must need be of flexible nature to enter freely in between support columns 108. Such flexible tubing tends to expand along its entire length back to the color feeding devices.
  • each color receptacle 112 Since each color receptacle 112 is now separately fed, it can be efficiently fed with viscous coloring agent of a premeasured quantity by the positive pressure exerted by metering pumps or similar devices. This pressure forces the viscous coloring agent evenly through the closely spaced holes 113 requiring a minimum of lateral flow on the. printing surface. Whereas the printing form in Figure 2 requires a metering device for each color, the printing form in Figure 15 requires a metering device for each color area. .A battery of metering pumps which are freely adjustable over a wide range of feeds (and which are commercially freely available), has tubes 109 of suflicient lengths attached to each pump.
  • FIG. 16 and 17 are illustrated a printing form suitable for printing designs in a great number of colors, .or.designs on which thereare small color accents of different colors on large colored grounds.
  • Dividing walls 38 are set into a very thick sheet of plastic or other preferably transparent material. On the bottom of this thick sheet 118 are outlined the position of channel strips 119. The color areas on the surface are indicated by the code letters of the color they are to receive.
  • the channel spaces on the bottom of the sheet 118 are indicated by the code letters of the coloring agent they are to carry.
  • a color channel is laterally so far removed from the color receptacle on top which it is to feed that it could not be reached by angularly drilling through the thick sheet 118
  • a channel 120 is routed out of the bottom of sheet 118 leading from the channel space carrying the desired color to a spot underneath the surfacecolor receptacle which is to receive that color.
  • a sealing sheet 121 is glued to the bottom of sheet 118. Holes 122 are now drilled to these routed channels 120 at the spots where they are just above a suitably numbered bottom channel space 123.
  • bottom channel spaces 123 are formed by channel strips 119 glued or secured to transparent sealing sheet 121 to coincide with their position previously indicated on the bottom of sheet 118.
  • -A bottom sheet 124 is then attached to the bottom of channel strips 119, forming the channel spaces 123.
  • Now holes 125 are drilled straight or at an angle down to the corresponding channel space through sheet 118, being careful not to drill through any routed channels 120.
  • holes 126 are drilled into the routed channels 120 being careful not to penerate the sealing sheet 121 into the channel spaces below.
  • any coloring agent By feeding. the appropriate coloring agents into the channel spaces 123, all color receptacles on top will now receive their proper coloring agent regardless of whether or notthey happen to be located directly above the proper channel space 123.
  • the channel spaces need of course not carry coloring agent in symmetrical order and any channel space can be assigned any color that happens to be needed in the vicinity of the channel. In this manner, any spot on the surface can be serviced by any of twenty-five colors or more, and in certain designs having small color areas on larger grounds, this system can be used of course in conjunction with the strata method shown in Figure 2.
  • An effective way of feeding channel spaces 123 is to have top sheet 118 extend beyond the printing pattern in the direction of channel strips 119. Color boxes can then be built across the sheet, making the wall any desired height, the bottom of these boxes being that same sheet 118. Within these boxes containing each a separate color, holes are simply drilled through sheet 118 into all the channel spaces 123 which are to carry that particular color. These color boxes in turn are fed by color metering devices.
  • the upstanding walls forming the dividing walls of the color receptacles may be of any shape, or of any degree of hardness or softness.
  • the structure depends on whether the fabric into which they are to enter is dense -or sparse, coarse or fine, and they may be thin or ribbonlike, pyramidal, concave, convex or semi-circular. For certain sparse fabrics it is necessary to use a pyramidal wall with a rather wide base in order to avoid overcoloring the material in proximity to the dividing wall, as shown at 127 in Figure 18a.
  • the wall may be hollow in order to permit the tip of the wall to collapse into its center, as shown at 128 in Figure 18b.
  • An additional device to prevent the meniscus action of the liquid coloring agent from causing the liquid to climb to the top of the dividing walland diffuse into adjacent receptacles consists in taking a water repellant substance such as wax or silicones and coating the top edge of the dividing walls with such a substance by running a print roller coated with it across the printing form in a manner similar to that outlined above for application of thin lines.
  • the repellant substance stops the meniscus and assures greater definition.
  • Figure 120 discloses one method of breaking the vacuum in removing the'carpeting from the printing form.
  • each color receptacle may be provided with a very thin air tube 131 penetrating through the color form, to be fed with air from below and projecting only very slightly above the bottom of the color receptacle.
  • compressed air is shot into the color receptacles through these small tubes counteracting the vacuum created by the suction. Should any dye stuff have entered the air tube during compression of the dye stuff by the carpet, the volume will be so small that its spurting up under the influence of the air will not even show on the fabric.
  • a large number of small contiguous color receptacles are formed by thin upstanding wails 'ma'de preferably of rubber on a rubber sheet.
  • a roller is then covered with this, sheet, or the walls directly formed on a roller with a rubber or other suitable surface.
  • the size of these individual receptacles so formed is large enough to permit free entry of viscous coloring 'agent into them when the bottom of the roll passes through the coloring agent, but not so large as to permit the coloring agent to run out of the receptacle by gravity when passing upward on the roll toward the pile fabric to be dyed.
  • numeral 132 designates the rubber walled color paste holder provided with an upstanding wall 133 forming color receptacles similar to the color receptacles previously described.
  • This holder may be mounted on a roller 134 which is partially immersed' in a color container 135 holding color material 136.
  • Numeral 137 designates an adjustable doctor blade which can be held perfectly level with the top of the walls in order to fill the individual color receptacles flush with color, or it can be adjusted to exert a slight squeezing action on the rubber walls, in-order to fill the color receptacles only partially,
  • the carpeting indicated by numeral 138 is fed with its pile downward over roll 134 under pressure exerted against'its back by a squeeze roll 139.
  • resilient roller 140 presses against the rubber walls at their point of entry into the coloring agent, compressing and collapsing these walls and expelling all air so that when the rubber walls become upright again they do so underneath the color level and freely receive color without entrainment 'of air
  • a doctor blade 140a supported by the container 135, bears against the roll 140 to keep same clean.
  • the walls atthe same time prevent any lateral shift or back squeezing of the coloring agent, resulting in a perfectly even uniform coloring action and a perfect consistency and uniformity of fabric color regardless of the length of the run. Since the amount of coloringagent introduced into the fibres is so precisely pre-determined by the formula of the coloring agent and the setting of the doctor blade, and the complete emptying of the color receptacleby the fibre as the fibre passes into and out of the receptacle under compression, identical colors 'can be achieved even in runs that are weeks apart.
  • Figure 20a discloses a modification of the apparatus disclosed in Figure 20.
  • the printing roller 141 is similar to the roller 134 but instead of a color container 135 for furnishing the coloring agent to the printing surface, the coloring agent is provided through a nozzle 142 be"- tween the squeeze roller 143 and a doctor blade 144'.
  • the receptacle 14S serves as a catch basin for excess coloring material.
  • Figure 22 discloses a modification of the adaptation described in Figures 20 and 21 but in place of the toilet 134, an endless belt 146 can be employed.
  • This endless belt includes upstanding walls similar to walls '133'to form color receptacles for reception of the coloring agent.
  • the endless belt is movable along the upper surface of stand 147 and rotated about rollers 148 and 149.
  • the carpeting 150 is lead off the roll 151 over a roller 152 under the pressure roller 153 over pin roller 154 to take-up roll 155.
  • the stand 147 is cut out at 156 to receive an idle roller 157 which projects slightly above the surface of the stand 147 and cooperates with the pressure roller 153 to compress the carpeting against the color receptacles in the belt in the same manner as previously described.
  • the coloring material 158 is fed to the color receptacle through a color feed tube 159.
  • suction tube 160 is provided to remove the coloring material when desired.
  • a doetor blade 161 and roller 162 may be provided similar to the doctor blade 137 and roller 140 shown in Figure 20.
  • a feature of this arrange ment is the fact that the endless belt can be led back underneath the printing surface 147 through a washing chamber 163, operating through a water spray 164 and dried by air pipe 165. Thus, the endless belt is returned to the color feeding side clean and ready to receive a new charge of a different coloring agent.
  • Figures 23 and 24 disclose a modified form of printing form which is adaptable to use with a thin bodied coloring material where it is desired to provide continuous agitation of the material and thus preventing sedimentation.
  • the printing form 166 shown in Figures 23 and 24 is similar to the multi-layer form 25 shown in Figure 2.
  • tubes 43 of Figure 2 are replaced by a widetacles 169 supported on an adjustable platform 170.
  • the overflow receptacles consist of upstanding walls 171 and a longitudinal partition 172, the upper edge of which terminates below the walls 171, and forms a channel 173 to receive the overflow from the nozzles 168.
  • Catch basins 174 and additional tubes 176 extend from the catch basins to return the overflow material to the source of supply.
  • the platform is adjusted with respect to form 166 whereby the upper edge of partition 172 is at a point corresponding with the desired height of the color level in the printing form.
  • the color level is always maintained at the desired height by a continuous flow of the coloring material and the continuous flow assures constant agitation
  • the mechanism shown in Fig ure 14 may be employed to shut off flow during a printing operation.
  • Figure 25 discloses a modification of the printing form ofFig'ure 2 whereby agitation of the coloring material may be provided in a simple manner.
  • the walls 27, 31, 34 and 37 are maintained in spaced relationship by columns 36.
  • the columns are replaced by partitions 177 having cut-outs 178 at their lower edges.
  • the coloring material passes through the lower portions of the partitions and promotes agitation of the coloring material.
  • this may also be achieved by having an endless belt pass between the platens and over the top platen, such a belt suitably supported on rollers, against which the carpet unrolling from the feed roll is pressed and secured by means of adhesive substances, such adhesive substance being of a nature to permit the carpet to be peeled from the belt to the take-up roll.
  • the pattern dyeing technique outlined above can easily be adapted for use with relatively fiat fabrics and shallow pile fabrics through an offset method in which case a piece of carpeting, or any other suitable absorbent medium, becomes the offset plate which absorbs the dye stuff from the color receptacles of the printing form and then transfers it to other fabric by being pressed against it, releasing some of the dye stuff contained within it.
  • a plate carrying a piece of carpeting, or absorbent medium can shuttle between two hydraulic presses, or other suitable devices, receiving dye stuff from the printing form in one press and transferring it to other fabric in the second press to which it has been shuttled on runners, or by any other convenient means.
  • the printing medium whether carpet or other absorbent substance, can also be attached to the under side of a free swinging printing plate, supported by two pivoted beams which pivot the plate from the printing form to the fabric to be printed, above which are convenient means for exerting controlled pressure on the printing p ate.
  • the improvement as defined in claim 4 which includes removing the pile from the receptacles and advancing the fabric in a lengthwise direction for a distance equal to the length of the pattern before exerting pressure a second time on the back of the fabric.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
US677951A 1957-08-13 1957-08-13 Printing and dyeing of pile material Expired - Lifetime US2984540A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US677951A US2984540A (en) 1957-08-13 1957-08-13 Printing and dyeing of pile material
GB29552/60A GB868416A (en) 1957-08-13 1957-11-01 Improvements in or relating to the printing and dyeing of pile fabric
GB34235/57A GB868415A (en) 1957-08-13 1957-11-01 Improvements in or relating to the printing and dyeing of pile fabric
DED28299A DE1099977B (de) 1957-08-13 1958-06-12 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen eines Farbmusters auf einen mit einer Flordecke versehenen Textilstoff
FR786577A FR1224294A (fr) 1957-08-13 1959-02-12 Perfectionnements apportés aux procédés pour imprimer et teindre des tissus à poils
CH356741D CH356741A (fr) 1957-08-13 1959-02-17 Dispositif pour imprimer et teindre des tissus à poils
US100777A US3175488A (en) 1957-08-13 1961-03-27 Printing and dyeing of pile material

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US677951A US2984540A (en) 1957-08-13 1957-08-13 Printing and dyeing of pile material
DED28299A DE1099977B (de) 1957-08-13 1958-06-12 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen eines Farbmusters auf einen mit einer Flordecke versehenen Textilstoff
FR786577A FR1224294A (fr) 1957-08-13 1959-02-12 Perfectionnements apportés aux procédés pour imprimer et teindre des tissus à poils

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GB (2) GB868415A (fr)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3142885A (en) * 1962-02-02 1964-08-04 Leon Capel & Sons Inc A Method of manufacturing multi-color, chenille yarn, braid and fabrics, and products manufactured by said method
US3185084A (en) * 1961-10-25 1965-05-25 Kosset Carpets Ltd Dyeing of pile fabrics
US3294018A (en) * 1963-11-20 1966-12-27 Angelo A Heonis Apparatus for simultaneously printing images with different kinds of ink
US3434793A (en) * 1964-11-02 1969-03-25 Du Pont Method for screen printing pile structures
US3530692A (en) * 1968-10-07 1970-09-29 Deep Dye Processes Ag Apparatus for applying color to pile fabric
US3541815A (en) * 1967-06-30 1970-11-24 Eduard Kusters Mas Fab Means for continuous dyeing of pile warp textiles,especially of carpets
US3915629A (en) * 1972-01-05 1975-10-28 Georges Pouille Plush fabric having a long pile
US3945791A (en) * 1970-06-30 1976-03-23 Armstrong Cork Company In-register printed and embossed carpet
JPS5192385A (en) * 1975-02-03 1976-08-13 Kimofuno katamennoritsukeho
US3986823A (en) * 1974-04-29 1976-10-19 Ciba-Geigy Ag Process for the dry thermal transfer or organic compounds by means of needle-bearing support
USRE29251E (en) * 1967-06-30 1977-06-07 Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik Means for continuous dyeing of pile warp textiles especially of carpets
US4031280A (en) * 1976-08-09 1977-06-21 Bigelow-Sanford, Inc. Method and apparatus for coloring a pile fabric, and a pile fabric produced thereby
US4165547A (en) * 1978-06-21 1979-08-28 Bigelow-Sanford, Inc. Vacuum assisted tuft dye printing process
US4517894A (en) * 1983-07-21 1985-05-21 Davis James R Modular screen printing apparatus
US4655784A (en) * 1985-05-24 1987-04-07 Bigelow-Sanford, Inc. Method of printing carpet tiles
US4766745A (en) * 1986-02-10 1988-08-30 Bigelow-Sanford, Inc. Apparatus for printing carpet tiles
US20090304933A1 (en) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-10 Jeffery Conley Method of Painting Carpet and a Carpet Paint Formulation
CN113291043A (zh) * 2021-05-20 2021-08-24 安徽建筑大学 一种板材印花装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1024668A (en) * 1909-03-24 1912-04-30 Hoechst Ag Production of peculiar color effects of textile fabrics.
US1872717A (en) * 1929-09-23 1932-08-23 Joseph A Firsching Apparatus for dyeing textile fabrics
US1977338A (en) * 1928-01-12 1934-10-16 Eclipse Textile Devices Inc Method of dyeing loose textile materials
US2137731A (en) * 1937-02-18 1938-11-22 Soriano Angelo Skein dyeing apparatus
US2816811A (en) * 1955-05-12 1957-12-17 Deep Dye Ind Inc Printing and dyeing of pile carpeting

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1024668A (en) * 1909-03-24 1912-04-30 Hoechst Ag Production of peculiar color effects of textile fabrics.
US1977338A (en) * 1928-01-12 1934-10-16 Eclipse Textile Devices Inc Method of dyeing loose textile materials
US1872717A (en) * 1929-09-23 1932-08-23 Joseph A Firsching Apparatus for dyeing textile fabrics
US2137731A (en) * 1937-02-18 1938-11-22 Soriano Angelo Skein dyeing apparatus
US2816811A (en) * 1955-05-12 1957-12-17 Deep Dye Ind Inc Printing and dyeing of pile carpeting

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185084A (en) * 1961-10-25 1965-05-25 Kosset Carpets Ltd Dyeing of pile fabrics
US3142885A (en) * 1962-02-02 1964-08-04 Leon Capel & Sons Inc A Method of manufacturing multi-color, chenille yarn, braid and fabrics, and products manufactured by said method
US3294018A (en) * 1963-11-20 1966-12-27 Angelo A Heonis Apparatus for simultaneously printing images with different kinds of ink
US3434793A (en) * 1964-11-02 1969-03-25 Du Pont Method for screen printing pile structures
USRE29251E (en) * 1967-06-30 1977-06-07 Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik Means for continuous dyeing of pile warp textiles especially of carpets
US3541815A (en) * 1967-06-30 1970-11-24 Eduard Kusters Mas Fab Means for continuous dyeing of pile warp textiles,especially of carpets
US3530692A (en) * 1968-10-07 1970-09-29 Deep Dye Processes Ag Apparatus for applying color to pile fabric
US3945791A (en) * 1970-06-30 1976-03-23 Armstrong Cork Company In-register printed and embossed carpet
US3915629A (en) * 1972-01-05 1975-10-28 Georges Pouille Plush fabric having a long pile
US3986823A (en) * 1974-04-29 1976-10-19 Ciba-Geigy Ag Process for the dry thermal transfer or organic compounds by means of needle-bearing support
JPS5192385A (en) * 1975-02-03 1976-08-13 Kimofuno katamennoritsukeho
US4031280A (en) * 1976-08-09 1977-06-21 Bigelow-Sanford, Inc. Method and apparatus for coloring a pile fabric, and a pile fabric produced thereby
DE2717557A1 (de) * 1976-08-09 1978-02-16 Bigelow Sanford Inc Verfahren und vorrichtung zum faerben von pol- oder florware sowie mehrfarbige pol- oder florware
US4165547A (en) * 1978-06-21 1979-08-28 Bigelow-Sanford, Inc. Vacuum assisted tuft dye printing process
US4517894A (en) * 1983-07-21 1985-05-21 Davis James R Modular screen printing apparatus
US4655784A (en) * 1985-05-24 1987-04-07 Bigelow-Sanford, Inc. Method of printing carpet tiles
US4766745A (en) * 1986-02-10 1988-08-30 Bigelow-Sanford, Inc. Apparatus for printing carpet tiles
US20090304933A1 (en) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-10 Jeffery Conley Method of Painting Carpet and a Carpet Paint Formulation
CN113291043A (zh) * 2021-05-20 2021-08-24 安徽建筑大学 一种板材印花装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB868416A (en) 1961-05-17
DE1099977B (de) 1961-02-23
GB868415A (en) 1961-05-17
CH356741A (fr) 1961-09-15

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