US2972378A - Treatment by compression of fibrocement wet sheet material and the like - Google Patents

Treatment by compression of fibrocement wet sheet material and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US2972378A
US2972378A US596378A US59637856A US2972378A US 2972378 A US2972378 A US 2972378A US 596378 A US596378 A US 596378A US 59637856 A US59637856 A US 59637856A US 2972378 A US2972378 A US 2972378A
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Prior art keywords
cylinder
sheet
cylinders
compression
wet
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Expired - Lifetime
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US596378A
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English (en)
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Josephu Augustinus Fr Henricus
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F3/00—Press section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F3/02—Wet presses
    • D21F3/08—Pressure rolls
    • D21F3/083—Pressure rolls perforated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/30—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by applying the material on to a core or other moulding surface to form a layer thereon
    • B28B1/40—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by applying the material on to a core or other moulding surface to form a layer thereon by wrapping, e.g. winding
    • B28B1/42—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by applying the material on to a core or other moulding surface to form a layer thereon by wrapping, e.g. winding using mixtures containing fibres, e.g. for making sheets by slitting the wound layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
    • B28B1/527—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement by delivering the materials on a rotating drum, e.g. a sieve drum, from which the materials are picked up by a felt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/12—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
    • B28B3/123—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material on material in moulds or on moulding surfaces moving continuously underneath or between the rollers, e.g. on an endless belt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/12—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
    • B28B3/126—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material on material passing directly between the co-operating rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/20—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using rotary pressing members, other than worms or screws, e.g. rollers, rings, discs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F3/00—Press section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F3/02—Wet presses
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F3/00—Press section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F3/02—Wet presses
    • D21F3/06—Means for regulating the pressure
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
    • D21J1/00—Fibreboard

Definitions

  • My invention relates to apparatus for treating, by compression, the fibrous wet sheet material produced by pulp gathering or wet machines of the Hatcheck or Fourdrinier type as used in the manufacturing of asbestos-cement or fibro-cement products, paper card'or mill-board and the like.
  • this apparatus can be applied in a terminal operation following the one performed by the wet machine or even during the formulation of the sheet on the accumulator cylinder of this machine.
  • An object of my invention is to provide continuity in the operations and to eliminate the expensive, slow working and very cumbersome static hydraulic presses as well as some of the costly conventional dehydrating processes.
  • the principal object is to improve substantially the quality of the products, not only by squeezing out, under a tremenduous pressure, the free water and the air retained in the sheet and thus rendering the ma terial considerably more dense, but alsothrough lamination, stressing its'fiber structure, and so forth.
  • the calender of the invention is equipped, in principle, with two superposed work cylinders maintained at the required spacing by means of set screws and powerful hydraulic buffers and between which the wet sheet, formerly produced by the wet machine, is progressively subjected to a slowly increasing linear pressure or lamination.
  • the lower cylinder is provided on its surface, with a multitude of duly spaced grooves, and is covered by a. hard and easilyremovable element such as a perforated sheet metal which has a filtering function.
  • the center line of the two cylinders is at approx. 15 from vertical.
  • Fibrous wet sheets produced by pulp gathering or wet machines and passing subsequently between-those two slowly revolving cylinders are progressively compressed, strained and stretched. They will thus be transformed into dehydrated rigid mats, extremely dense and outstandingly tough.
  • Patent Fig. 3 illustrates in broken away section a detail of a roller of the press of Figs. 1 and 2;
  • Figs. 8 and 9 relate to a special embodiment in which, the wet machine is employed for the production of sheets bearing relief drawings on one side.
  • the calender is composed of the tw Work cylinders 1 and 2 of large diameter and with a.
  • the frame of the structure includes beams 3 connected and spaced by bolts 5. i
  • each head 6 which is supplied with oil'under pressure moves a piston 10 which acts as a hydraulic buffer and reacts. on the bearing 11 of the upper cylinder 1.
  • each bearing 11 a 'set screw'12 engages in a cross-beam 13 which rests by means of superposed vertical members at the bottom of the slide 15 of the beam.
  • Screw 12 provided at its lower end with a locknut
  • the lower cylinder 2 is driven by a variable speed reducer motor (not shown), acting by means of a pinion on a gear 17, thus driving this cylinder at'a speed,-
  • Grooves 20 spaced at 0.055 inch, for instance, by crests 21' (Figs. 3-6) are provided on the circumference of the lower cylinder 2, concentric with the axis thereof. 7
  • This cylinder 2 is covered by a removable sheet metal 21 provided with perforations 22, the diameter of which is larger (0.075"inch, for example) than'the width of the crests '21 in such a way that each of the perforations 22 always communicates with one or two grooves 20 whatever the position of the sheet metal may be on cylinder 2.
  • the removable sheet metal 21 must be free to elon-,
  • the lower cylinder 2 which is inder.
  • the lower cylinder provides, moreoverjtor the straining of the sheet.
  • Patented vFeb. 21, 1961 Rod, 24 is retained at each end projecting beyond the cylinder by a through bolt.
  • the driving cylinder drives the fibrous sheet which becomes squeezed be-f tween the two cylinders and thus drivesthe upper cyl
  • the upper cylinder can also be covered by an easily removed element such as a sheet of metal or any suitable lining, which is provided with whatever relief drawings may be desired, but this cylinder is not provided with perforations as is the lower cylinder.
  • This lining will be attached in the same way as the perforated sheet metal covering the lower cylinder.
  • the upper cylinder 1 provides then for the impression of the surface of the sheet, impressions which are effected at the same time as the compression.
  • the upper cylinder may also be smooth, the lower cylinder being covered as above by a hard and removablefiltering element.
  • the two cylinders can be provided with corrugations, the lower cylinder being grooved and covered by a removable filter element also corrugated.
  • the pressure may be exerted on one or the other cylinder, according to the planning of the machine.
  • a removable spray pipe 80 can be provided which will prevent clogging up of the perforations of the removable element.
  • gears 33 and 34 connected by means of a chain 35 are mounted on the ends of the shafts 30 and 31 of the cylinders 1 and 2. These shafts are located in bearings 11 and 32.
  • the chain 35 is mounted such as to invert rotation and passes around a guiding wheel 36 and is stressed by means of a lever 37 provided with a counter weight 38.
  • Lever 37 rests on an adjustable support 39 or hydraulic shock absorber.
  • the main function of this device is to bring both cylinders back to their initial positions, with the joints of the respective linings facing each other, after passage of each sheet which impulses the upper cylinder. By starting from another position, the sheets would be marked by the joints.
  • the upper cylinder by the action of the counter weight 38 will be timed again with the lower cylinder.
  • Figure 8 shows an application of the calender of a wet machine (Hatcheck process) intended for the manufacturing of fibro-cement products composed of fibres and hydraulic binders.
  • one or more layers of an aqueous slurry of fibers and hydraulic binders are conveyed by an endless felt between the two cylinders of this calender.
  • a similar machine is used composed of two cylinders 41 and 42 of unequal diameter, the upper cylinder having the largest diameter and having a circumference corresponding with the theoretical length of the sheet.
  • the functions of the lower cylinder 42 are as follows:
  • This upper cylinder 41 is covered by a removable element 46, for instance sheet metal or any suitable lining of which the length is slightly less than the circumference of the cylinder.
  • a rod 48 is attached, for instance by screws 47, the rod being located in the cylinder 41 and being wedged therein by means of a conical key (not shown).
  • This rod 48 has, at a place where it is not covered by the movable element 46, a groove 49, the purpose of' which will be explained further on.
  • the slight pressure exerted at each rotation of the upper cylinder on a part of the layers already gathered is used to produce an embossing which is effected on the plastic material from the very moment of its formulation.
  • This modeling is obtained by means of cover or lining 46 carrying a pattern in negative relief corresponding to the one which must be obtained on the sheet.
  • the fibrous sheet is removed from cylinder 41 through a cutting operation by means of a tool introduced in groove 49.
  • roller 44 can be adjusted by means of a screw 50 provided with a handwheel 51 and acting on an iron 52 provided at its end with a fork 53 supporting the shaft 54 on the roller 44.
  • the shaft 55 of cylinder 41 is located in a movable bearing 56 and attached to the same by a screw 57 or by another device.
  • a sleeve 58 is provided around bearing '56 in which sleeve a groove 59 allows the passage of shaft 55 when a cylinder 41 must be replaced by another one.
  • a pressure is exerted on sleeve 58 by a screw rod 60 engaging in a member 61 allowing an adjustment of the length; this rod is provided with a handwheel 62 and goes through a stationary sleeve 63 on supporting column 64.
  • a certain pressure can be exerted on felt 43 by means of a counterweight 65 mounted on lever 66 articulated at 67 on the frame 68; on this lever 66 an arm 69 of adjustable length extending upwards is pivoted and arm 69 is attached at its upper end to an arm 70 articulated at 71 to column 64.
  • Apparatus comprising a source of fibro-cement sheet, superposed cylinders adjacent said source the lowermost of which is provided with peripheral grooves concentric with the axis of the lowermost cylinder, means adjustably supporting the cylinders to accommodate the sheet therebetween, means operatively cou pled to and driving the lower of the cylinders and,
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 comprising gears on said cylinders and rotatable therewith, a lever, means fixed relative to said cylinders and pivotallysupporting said lever, a pulley on said lever, an endless chain engaging said gears and pulley, and a weight on the lever whereby the cylinders are maintained in predetermined registration when idle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
US596378A 1955-06-23 1956-06-20 Treatment by compression of fibrocement wet sheet material and the like Expired - Lifetime US2972378A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE339552X 1955-06-23

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US2972378A true US2972378A (en) 1961-02-21

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US596378A Expired - Lifetime US2972378A (en) 1955-06-23 1956-06-20 Treatment by compression of fibrocement wet sheet material and the like

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2972378A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE539244A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH339552A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1116588B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1155883A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LU (1) LU34446A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL199865A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3122986A (en) * 1964-03-03 stone
US3460467A (en) * 1966-01-25 1969-08-12 Sunds Ab Wet presses
US3745626A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-07-17 Magna Graphics Corp Coating roll
US4116760A (en) * 1976-06-08 1978-09-26 General Recycling Corporation Method and apparatus for removing liquid from a slurry of solid material
US4149930A (en) * 1975-01-22 1979-04-17 Fulgurltwerke Seelze Und Eichriede In Luthe Bel Hannover Adolf Oesterheld Method and apparatus for making asbestos-cement boards
CN104389227A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-04 东莞理文造纸厂有限公司 一种造纸用的盲孔压榨部

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1477422B2 (de) * 1965-03-10 1970-01-22 Wilhelm Hegenscheidt Kg, 5140 Erkelenz Vorrichtung für das axiale Einstellen der Kopierschablonen von Radsatzdrehmaschinen
US3791288A (en) * 1971-12-22 1974-02-12 Piedmont Machine Shop Inc Textile web calendering apparatus
IT1005110B (it) * 1973-12-11 1976-08-20 Bonalumi E Metodo per spogliatura del velo di carda dal cilindro scaricatore e di spositivo spogliatore per la realiz zazione del metodo
FR2451812A1 (fr) * 1979-03-23 1980-10-17 Everitube Procede et machine de densification d'un materiau humide en plaques, notamment de plaques d'amiante-ciment

Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US359294A (en) * 1887-03-15 Paper-calendering machine
US615703A (en) * 1898-12-13 Julius hofmeier
US1140856A (en) * 1914-10-22 1915-05-25 John R Sinclair Dandy-roll.
US1309921A (en) * 1919-07-15 Pulley
US1493536A (en) * 1921-10-19 1924-05-13 Improved Paper Machinery Compa Method of and apparatus for removing moisture from paper stock
US1582839A (en) * 1920-11-05 1926-04-27 Otaka Fabric Company Paper-crinkling machine
US1644819A (en) * 1926-01-08 1927-10-11 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Roller for calendering machines
US1645249A (en) * 1926-05-29 1927-10-11 Lincoln Pulp And Paper Company Method of preparing transparent paper with opaque markings
US1717236A (en) * 1927-04-29 1929-06-11 John Stanley Hancock Means for the manufacture of pipes or tubes from fiber and cementitious material
US1862656A (en) * 1930-05-27 1932-06-14 Warren S D Co Manufacture of transparent paper
US1912709A (en) * 1932-03-24 1933-06-06 Textile Finishing Machinery Co Hydraulic calender
US2032211A (en) * 1934-03-03 1936-02-25 Beloit Iron Works Paper coating apparatus and method
US2051434A (en) * 1934-06-18 1936-08-18 John J Cavagnaro Accumulator system for calenders
US2069448A (en) * 1934-06-27 1937-02-02 Frank L Ireland Rotary press
US2308031A (en) * 1940-06-01 1943-01-12 Du Pont Separation apparatus
US2317504A (en) * 1940-02-03 1943-04-27 Wood Conversion Co Artificial fiber board
US2684117A (en) * 1951-09-08 1954-07-20 Harris Seybold Co Slitter for printing presses
US2711575A (en) * 1951-06-15 1955-06-28 Minnesota & Ontario Paper Co Method for covering cylinders with foraminous materials
US2729003A (en) * 1953-07-01 1956-01-03 Samcoe Holding Corp Rolling pressure control apparatus

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE605298C (de) * 1930-03-22 1934-11-08 Asbestzement Akt Ges Deutsche Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen nahtloser Rohre aus faserigen Stoffen und hydraulischen Bindemitteln
DE568393C (de) * 1931-08-27 1933-01-19 Ernst Emil Wagner Maschine zur Herstellung von Platten aus Asbestzement o. dgl.
DE620619C (de) * 1932-10-29 1935-10-24 Cementi Isonzo Societa Anonima Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erhoehung der Festigkeit und Einheitlichkeit von Gegenstaenden aus Kunstschiefer, insbesondere Muffenrohren
DE617804C (de) * 1933-09-24 1935-08-26 Fibroplast Akt Ges Vorrichtung zur Herstellung schallschluckender Bauplatten aus Faserstoff
DE664640C (de) * 1936-02-22 1938-09-01 Alexander Magnani Walzenpresse zum Kalandern zylindrischer Hohlkoerper aus Faserbeton
DE881472C (de) * 1949-01-19 1953-06-29 Eternit Werke Hatschek L Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Rohren aus Faserzement

Patent Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US359294A (en) * 1887-03-15 Paper-calendering machine
US615703A (en) * 1898-12-13 Julius hofmeier
US1309921A (en) * 1919-07-15 Pulley
US1140856A (en) * 1914-10-22 1915-05-25 John R Sinclair Dandy-roll.
US1582839A (en) * 1920-11-05 1926-04-27 Otaka Fabric Company Paper-crinkling machine
US1493536A (en) * 1921-10-19 1924-05-13 Improved Paper Machinery Compa Method of and apparatus for removing moisture from paper stock
US1644819A (en) * 1926-01-08 1927-10-11 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Roller for calendering machines
US1645249A (en) * 1926-05-29 1927-10-11 Lincoln Pulp And Paper Company Method of preparing transparent paper with opaque markings
US1717236A (en) * 1927-04-29 1929-06-11 John Stanley Hancock Means for the manufacture of pipes or tubes from fiber and cementitious material
US1862656A (en) * 1930-05-27 1932-06-14 Warren S D Co Manufacture of transparent paper
US1912709A (en) * 1932-03-24 1933-06-06 Textile Finishing Machinery Co Hydraulic calender
US2032211A (en) * 1934-03-03 1936-02-25 Beloit Iron Works Paper coating apparatus and method
US2051434A (en) * 1934-06-18 1936-08-18 John J Cavagnaro Accumulator system for calenders
US2069448A (en) * 1934-06-27 1937-02-02 Frank L Ireland Rotary press
US2317504A (en) * 1940-02-03 1943-04-27 Wood Conversion Co Artificial fiber board
US2308031A (en) * 1940-06-01 1943-01-12 Du Pont Separation apparatus
US2711575A (en) * 1951-06-15 1955-06-28 Minnesota & Ontario Paper Co Method for covering cylinders with foraminous materials
US2684117A (en) * 1951-09-08 1954-07-20 Harris Seybold Co Slitter for printing presses
US2729003A (en) * 1953-07-01 1956-01-03 Samcoe Holding Corp Rolling pressure control apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3122986A (en) * 1964-03-03 stone
US3460467A (en) * 1966-01-25 1969-08-12 Sunds Ab Wet presses
US3745626A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-07-17 Magna Graphics Corp Coating roll
US4149930A (en) * 1975-01-22 1979-04-17 Fulgurltwerke Seelze Und Eichriede In Luthe Bel Hannover Adolf Oesterheld Method and apparatus for making asbestos-cement boards
US4116760A (en) * 1976-06-08 1978-09-26 General Recycling Corporation Method and apparatus for removing liquid from a slurry of solid material
CN104389227A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-04 东莞理文造纸厂有限公司 一种造纸用的盲孔压榨部
CN104389227B (zh) * 2014-11-17 2016-04-06 东莞理文造纸厂有限公司 一种造纸用的盲孔压榨部

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL199865A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR1155883A (fr) 1958-05-09
BE539244A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LU34446A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE1116588B (de) 1961-11-02
NL94211C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH339552A (fr) 1959-06-30

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