US2899584A - Verwey - Google Patents

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Publication number
US2899584A
US2899584A US2899584DA US2899584A US 2899584 A US2899584 A US 2899584A US 2899584D A US2899584D A US 2899584DA US 2899584 A US2899584 A US 2899584A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lamp
approximately
argon
sodium
gas
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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Publication date
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Publication of US2899584A publication Critical patent/US2899584A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F3/00—Cylinder presses, i.e. presses essentially comprising at least one cylinder co-operating with at least one flat type-bed
    • B41F3/18—Cylinder presses, i.e. presses essentially comprising at least one cylinder co-operating with at least one flat type-bed of special construction or for particular purposes
    • B41F3/30—Cylinder presses, i.e. presses essentially comprising at least one cylinder co-operating with at least one flat type-bed of special construction or for particular purposes for lithography
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G7/00—Connections between parts of the scaffold
    • E04G7/02—Connections between parts of the scaffold with separate coupling elements
    • E04G7/26—Connections between parts of the scaffold with separate coupling elements for use with specially-shaped scaffold members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
    • H01J61/22—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent vapour of an alkali metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/302—Vessels; Containers characterised by the material of the vessel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to sodium-vapour discharge tubes having a rare gas-filling consisting of neon and a small amount of some other gas or gases.
  • a decrease of the ignition voltage of a lamp can be achieved by the addition to the main gas of an auxiliary gas the ionisation voltage of which is less than the excitation voltage of the metastable energy level of the main gas.
  • auxiliary gases other than argon in order to decrease the ignition voltage.
  • xenon has the limitation that the number of lumen-hours at the beginning of the life of the lamp, the proportions of the lamp being constant, is less than when argon is used as the auxiliary gas.
  • the addition consists of 0.1% to 0.3% of xenon and 1% to 4% of helium, both percentages being expressed in a percentage by volume of the neon, and the inner wall of the discharge vessel consists of borate glass which substantially does not discolour during life.
  • Fig. 1 is a graph showing the lumen output of a lamp according to the invention as a function of life
  • Fig. 2 is a view in section of a lamp according to the invention.
  • curve a shows the behaviour of a conventional sodium lamp of approximately 85 watts.
  • This lamp shown in Fig. 2, has a gas-filling consisting of neon and approximately 0.7% argon at an overall pressure of approximately 15 mms. of mercury at room temperature.
  • the U-shaped discharge tube 1 is arranged in a Dewar flask 2 with double walls and has an internal diameter of approximately 11.5 mms. the distance between the activated electrodes 3 is approximately 610 mms., measured along the axis of the tube.
  • the lamp ignites at approximately 400 volts.
  • This lamp starts with a light output of approximately 7000 international lumens; after 1500 hours of operation, the lamp output is approximately 5300 lumens, the number of lumen-hours is approximately 8.5 10 during the first 1500 hours of operation.
  • the curve b shows the behaviour of a sodium lamp which is similarly proportioned, but in which instead of 0.7% of argon 0.2% of xenon has been added.
  • This lamp starts at approximately 5600 lumens.
  • the number of lumen-hours during the first 1500 hours of operation is approximately 8.0x 10 that is to say less than in the lamp provided with an argon addition.
  • curve 0 shows the behaviour of a sodium lamp according to the invention, which is equally proportioned but in which instead of 0.7% of argon a mixture of approximately 0.2% of xenon and 3% of helium has been added.
  • the light output starts with approximately 6700 lumens.
  • the number of lumen-hours during the first 1500 hours of operation is approximately 9.4 10
  • the discharge vessel of the lamps b and c which contain xenon is made of lime glass which is internally coated with a layer of borate glass of the composition 22% B203 10% CaO 22% A1203 40% BaO 6% K20 With glass of this composition no addition of argon can be used, since the argon is substantially cleaned up after a few hundred hours of operation.
  • the lamp according to curve a is provided with a discharge vessel which is made, as is usual, of lime glass which is internally coated with a layer of the composition 9% SiO,, 51% B 0 N330 10% CaO 15% A1 0
  • This glass composition has the property that the argon gas is not cleaned up or at least is cleaned up at a lower rate than in the first-mentioned glass; the transparency, however, is poorer than in the first-mentioned glass owing to discoloration.
  • a sodium vapor lamp comprising a light-transmissible envelope having an inner wall consisting of a borate glass containing about 20% to 30% B 0 about 20% to 30% A1 0 and about 30% to 60% CaO and BaO, spaced electrodes positioned within said envelope, and a filling within said envelope consisting of a mixture of sodium and neon containing about 0.1 to 0.3% of xenon and about 1 to 4% helium.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US2899584D 1955-01-24 Verwey Expired - Lifetime US2899584A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL194246A NL105207C (de) 1955-01-24 1955-01-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2899584A true US2899584A (en) 1959-08-11

Family

ID=38197898

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US2899584D Expired - Lifetime US2899584A (en) 1955-01-24 Verwey

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US2899584A (de)
BE (1) BE544641A (de)
CH (1) CH336502A (de)
DE (1) DE1040685B (de)
ES (1) ES226221A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1140325A (de)
GB (1) GB790955A (de)
NL (1) NL105207C (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3134920A (en) * 1960-01-09 1964-05-26 Philips Corp Sodium-vapor discharge lamp with a nondiscoloring envelope
US3150281A (en) * 1961-04-26 1964-09-22 Adli M Bishay Glass of high ultraviolet transmittance, method, and articles manufactured therefrom
US3221198A (en) * 1961-10-04 1965-11-30 Philips Corp Sodium vapor lamp having a tin oxide coating
US3275358A (en) * 1963-03-14 1966-09-27 Gen Electric Glass-to-metal and glass-to-ceramic seals
US3378362A (en) * 1961-08-01 1968-04-16 Gen Electric Method for making thin film glass elements
DE2848870A1 (de) * 1977-11-23 1979-06-13 Cgr Ultrasonic Echographiegeraet
US4209726A (en) * 1977-11-02 1980-06-24 U.S. Philips Corporation Low-pressure sodium vapor discharge lamp
US4861734A (en) * 1988-08-01 1989-08-29 Corning Incorporated Alkaline earth aluminoborate glass-ceramics
US5015530A (en) * 1988-01-21 1991-05-14 The Unites States Of America As Represetned By The United States Department Of Energy High expansion, lithium corrosion resistant sealing glasses
US5104738A (en) * 1988-06-01 1992-04-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Sealing glasses for titanium and titanium alloys

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7811350A (nl) * 1978-11-17 1980-05-20 Philips Nv Lagedruknatriumdampontladingslamp.

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1736642A (en) * 1922-03-25 1929-11-19 George P Beaudry Metal-vapor lamp
US2090098A (en) * 1932-04-12 1937-08-17 Firm Of Jenaer Glaswerk Schott Glass resisting metal vapors
US2103052A (en) * 1934-06-18 1937-12-21 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge lamp device
US2103039A (en) * 1929-07-10 1937-12-21 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge device
US2135284A (en) * 1938-02-26 1938-11-01 Gen Electric Cathodic lamp
US2152999A (en) * 1937-02-17 1939-04-04 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge lamp device
US2161824A (en) * 1936-03-05 1939-06-13 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge device
US2177895A (en) * 1936-05-05 1939-10-31 Ets Claude Paz & Silva Electric gaseous discharge device
US2228327A (en) * 1929-05-04 1941-01-14 Hans J Spanner Discharge device

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT125878B (de) * 1929-06-26 1931-12-10 Claude Neon Lights Inc Kaltwetterleuchtröhre.
AT143996B (de) * 1932-04-12 1935-12-10 Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen Gegen Metalldämpfe widerstandsfähiges Glas.
BE513407A (de) * 1951-08-15

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1736642A (en) * 1922-03-25 1929-11-19 George P Beaudry Metal-vapor lamp
US2228327A (en) * 1929-05-04 1941-01-14 Hans J Spanner Discharge device
US2103039A (en) * 1929-07-10 1937-12-21 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge device
US2090098A (en) * 1932-04-12 1937-08-17 Firm Of Jenaer Glaswerk Schott Glass resisting metal vapors
US2103052A (en) * 1934-06-18 1937-12-21 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge lamp device
US2161824A (en) * 1936-03-05 1939-06-13 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge device
US2177895A (en) * 1936-05-05 1939-10-31 Ets Claude Paz & Silva Electric gaseous discharge device
US2152999A (en) * 1937-02-17 1939-04-04 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge lamp device
US2135284A (en) * 1938-02-26 1938-11-01 Gen Electric Cathodic lamp

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3134920A (en) * 1960-01-09 1964-05-26 Philips Corp Sodium-vapor discharge lamp with a nondiscoloring envelope
US3150281A (en) * 1961-04-26 1964-09-22 Adli M Bishay Glass of high ultraviolet transmittance, method, and articles manufactured therefrom
US3378362A (en) * 1961-08-01 1968-04-16 Gen Electric Method for making thin film glass elements
US3221198A (en) * 1961-10-04 1965-11-30 Philips Corp Sodium vapor lamp having a tin oxide coating
US3275358A (en) * 1963-03-14 1966-09-27 Gen Electric Glass-to-metal and glass-to-ceramic seals
US4209726A (en) * 1977-11-02 1980-06-24 U.S. Philips Corporation Low-pressure sodium vapor discharge lamp
DE2848870A1 (de) * 1977-11-23 1979-06-13 Cgr Ultrasonic Echographiegeraet
US5015530A (en) * 1988-01-21 1991-05-14 The Unites States Of America As Represetned By The United States Department Of Energy High expansion, lithium corrosion resistant sealing glasses
US5104738A (en) * 1988-06-01 1992-04-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Sealing glasses for titanium and titanium alloys
US4861734A (en) * 1988-08-01 1989-08-29 Corning Incorporated Alkaline earth aluminoborate glass-ceramics

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH336502A (de) 1959-02-28
ES226221A1 (es) 1956-06-01
GB790955A (en) 1958-02-19
DE1040685B (de) 1958-10-09
BE544641A (de)
FR1140325A (fr) 1957-07-19
NL105207C (de) 1963-02-15

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