US2889283A - Process for making detergent composition - Google Patents

Process for making detergent composition Download PDF

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Publication number
US2889283A
US2889283A US579904A US57990456A US2889283A US 2889283 A US2889283 A US 2889283A US 579904 A US579904 A US 579904A US 57990456 A US57990456 A US 57990456A US 2889283 A US2889283 A US 2889283A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
granules
colored
product
continuously
air lift
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US579904A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tecklenburg Harry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Co
Original Assignee
Procter and Gamble Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL216424D priority Critical patent/NL216424A/xx
Priority to BE549161D priority patent/BE549161A/xx
Priority to BE549160D priority patent/BE549160A/xx
Priority to US579904A priority patent/US2889283A/en
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Co filed Critical Procter and Gamble Co
Priority to FR1157765D priority patent/FR1157765A/fr
Priority to FR1154891D priority patent/FR1154891A/fr
Priority to GB10620/57A priority patent/GB808668A/en
Priority to CH358888D priority patent/CH358888A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2889283A publication Critical patent/US2889283A/en
Priority to MY196554A priority patent/MY6500054A/xx
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/40—Dyes ; Pigments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
    • C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
    • C11D9/44—Perfumes; Colouring materials; Brightening agents ; Bleaching agents
    • C11D9/444—Dyes; Pigments

Definitions

  • the colored granules employed to give the distinctive appearance must be strongly or vividly colored, i.e., must have a chroma in accordance with the Munsell system of more than 4 and a Munsell value of about 4 to 7, although the hue may be chosen as desired.
  • the colored granules should also be of sufiicient size to provide the distinctive speckled appearance.
  • a suitable screen analysis for granules was found to be:
  • the bulk of the distinctively colored granules should have minimum dimensions of more than about 0.2 millimeter and should be retained on a screen of 35 meshes to the inch.
  • the over-all coloring of soap or synthetic detergent granules is not new per se, but has been practiced in the previous art by adding the coloring material, in solution or suspension in water to the crutcher or mixer containing the soap or detergent before spray drying.
  • the spray dried product was thus all of one color. While it is possible to produce the distinctive speckled appearance of the product of the co-pending application by adding coloring material to the soap or detergent in a crutcher or mixer, then spray drying to produce colored granules followed by mixing these granules with uncolored or differently colored granules otherwise produced, such a procedure is both difiicult and costly.
  • An important object of the present invention has to do with the overcoming of the foregoing difiiculties.
  • a distinctive speckled product of good contrast and physically stable nature may be produced inexpensively by continuously diverting a portion of a stream of granular product, coloring the diverted portion and returning it to the stream of uncolored product so as to be blended therewith.
  • the coloring of the granules of the diverted stream is preferably done by spraying, and for this purpose water solutions of dyestuffs are preferably used. It is significant that in the present process and apparatus the color-treated granules are not reexposed to the heat of spray drying so that the dyestuffs or other coloring material do not have to be heat fast.
  • coloring materials should be stable to alkali, non-toxic, nonirritating and non-substantive to fabrics.
  • the sprays of all coloring materials will be referred to as solutions of the dyestuffs, it being understood that the expression is intended to embrace colloidal and other dispersions and suspensions thereof.
  • the diverted stream which has been treated by spraying is caused to rejoin the main stream of the detergent granules, which is conveyed, usually from a spray drying tower or from storage, in such fashion as to cause a drying of the colorsprayed material as well as its uniform distribution throughout the body of the granules.
  • a granular product is shown as delivered to a vertical air lift conduit 3, by means of a belt conveyor 1.
  • the granular product may be produced in any commercial fashion, but in most instances will be a spray-dried product.
  • the belt conveyor 1 may deliver the granular product directly from a spray tower or from storage.
  • a gravity separator 4 which removes all of the product from the air stream excepting the extreme fines. These pass out a stack or conduit 5 to filters or other separating means. The fines so separated may also be returned to the crutcher feeding the spray tower.
  • the product removed by the gravity separator 4 passes through a conduit 6 or otherwise is conveyed to a vibrating screen 7, the primary function of which is to remove granules too large to dissolve readily when the product is used.
  • the granules going through the screen will be of acceptable size; and in a carefully controlled procedure will normall have a screen analysis quite similar to that set forth above.
  • the over-size material separated by the screen 7 is cause in a hopper 9 and transferred by conduit 13 to a buggy 14 to be returned to the crutcher.
  • Conduit 10 has two branches as shown. One marked 10:: delivers the product to a product belt 12 for carrying it to packaging devices or the like. The other branch, 10b, may be used for delivering the product to storage buggies 11 as may be desired.
  • a valve 15 controls the flow of the product from the conduit 10 to either of its branches.
  • a diverter conduit 16 is connected to the conduit 10 in such fashion as to divert continuously a certain percentage of the granules flowing through the conduit 10. The percentage so diverted may be treated as hereinafter set forth.
  • the conduit 16 continuously delivers the diverted granules to holder 16a feeding a variable speed belt which in turn delivers the granules to a rotating drum 18 in which the granules are to be sprayed for coloration.
  • the coloring action occurring in the drum 18 is not necessarily thorough in the sense that all of the granules passing through the drum will be equally colored or colored with the same intensity. While it is possible to secure complete coloration of all of the granules by the use of a relatively large quantity of the coloring solution, such an operation is not preferred because it results in the treatment of the granules with a relatively large proportion of the water vehicle of the dying solution. This complicates the drying problem. It is ordinarily preferred to so conduct the spraying treatment that a minimum quantity of vehicle is used although this may result in coloring less than the full number of granules passing through the drum 18. Coloring of individual granules is not improved by the use of an excess of the dye.
  • compensation may be made by diverting, as at 16. a larger percentage of the total output of granules. For example, if 10% of the granules is diverted through the conduit 16, and half of these granules are colored strongly in the drum 18, the result will be the addition of about of vividly colored granules to the main stream of the product.
  • Colored granules are delivered from the drum 18 to the hopper of a conduit 23 by means of which they return to the air lift 3. If the percentage of fines has been increased by the handling due to coloration, these fines will be removed by the gravity separator 4.
  • the turbulence in the air lift 3 will result in an essential mixing of the colored granules with the non-colored granules. Further, the gases in the air lift will result in a suflicient drying of the colored granules so that the moisture content of the completed product will be substantially unaffected.
  • Example 1 Using the arrangements shown in the drawing, the diverter 16 was set so as to divert 10% of the granules passing through the conduit 10. An 0.8% water solution of Erioglaucine was placed in the color solution tank 19, and the speed of the pump 20 together with the speed .4 of the variable delivery belt 17 were so regulated that there was sprayed on the granules going through the drum 22 an amount of the dye solution equal to 4% of the weight of the granules. The granules were discharged into the main stream going through the air lift 3, by means of the conveyor 23. The product at the discharge end of the product belt had a distinctive blue speckled appearance and was found to be permanent and not subject to segregation or modification of the general appearance after handling and storage.
  • the use of the apparatus is not confined to the manufacture of a product in which a minor percentage of highly colored granules is mixed with a larger bulk of uncolored granules.
  • the bulk of the granules may itself be colored as by crutcher coloring in known ways. A distinctive speckled appearance will still be obtained with a small percentage of highly colored granules provided the coloration of the bulk of the granules is of a contrasting hue and preferably of a light or pastel shade.
  • a highly attractive multicolored product may be made by mixing granules colored blue and granules colored red with a bulk of uncolored or lightly colored granules.
  • the treatment of the granules in the drum 18 is not limited to a treatment with coloring substances.
  • Other treatment substances may be used in addition, including, but without limitation, anti-caking agents, sudsing control agents and substantive fluorescent dyes which control the apparent whiteness of fabrics washed with the composition.
  • anti-caking agents including, but without limitation, anti-caking agents, sudsing control agents and substantive fluorescent dyes which control the apparent whiteness of fabrics washed with the composition.
  • the highly colored granules or particles become an active component of the composition; and the process and apparatus furnish a convenient way of controlling and varying the percentage of important minor-quantity ingredients in the composition.
  • a process of continuously making a speckled granular detergent composition which comprises the steps of (l) subjecting detergent granules to an air lift to form a continuously flowing stream, (2) separating fines from the continuously flowing stream, (3) continuously screening the resulting granules, (4) continuously diverting a fraction of the screened granules controlled as to quantity, (5) spray-treating the diverted fraction with a water solution of coloring material, and (6) introducing the so-treated granules in said air lift and combining same with fresh untreated granules passing through said air lift at a point sutficiently ahead of the separation of fines whereby spray-treated granules are dried and mixed thoroughly with said fresh untreated granules, the quantity of the so-treated granules discharged with the undiverted fraction of step (4) being approximately 2% to 30% of the total quantity of the mixture.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
US579904A 1956-04-23 1956-04-23 Process for making detergent composition Expired - Lifetime US2889283A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL216424D NL216424A (xx) 1956-04-23
BE549161D BE549161A (xx) 1956-04-23
BE549160D BE549160A (xx) 1956-04-23
US579904A US2889283A (en) 1956-04-23 1956-04-23 Process for making detergent composition
FR1157765D FR1157765A (fr) 1956-04-23 1956-06-29 Procédé d'appareillage pour la fabrication de compositions détersives
FR1154891D FR1154891A (fr) 1956-04-23 1956-06-29 Composition détersive en grains
GB10620/57A GB808668A (en) 1956-04-23 1957-04-01 Detergent compositions
CH358888D CH358888A (de) 1956-04-23 1957-04-23 Körniges Waschmittel, Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben und Apparatur zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
MY196554A MY6500054A (en) 1956-04-23 1965-12-31 Detergent compositions

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US579904A US2889283A (en) 1956-04-23 1956-04-23 Process for making detergent composition

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2889283A true US2889283A (en) 1959-06-02

Family

ID=24318823

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US579904A Expired - Lifetime US2889283A (en) 1956-04-23 1956-04-23 Process for making detergent composition

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2889283A (xx)
BE (2) BE549161A (xx)
CH (1) CH358888A (xx)
FR (2) FR1157765A (xx)
GB (1) GB808668A (xx)
MY (1) MY6500054A (xx)
NL (1) NL216424A (xx)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3055835A (en) * 1958-11-18 1962-09-25 Colgate Palmolive Co Drying process for detergents
US3112274A (en) * 1959-11-24 1963-11-26 Procter & Gamble Process for making a bleach composition
US4077841A (en) * 1975-07-11 1978-03-07 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for treating slurries
US4082682A (en) * 1972-04-06 1978-04-04 Colgate-Palmolive Company Detergent composition containing distinctive, colored, non-staining soap particles
US4097418A (en) * 1975-10-06 1978-06-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Granular colored speckles
US4434068A (en) 1981-03-18 1984-02-28 Lever Brothers Company Process for manufacturing detergent speckles
US4963226A (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-10-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for spray-drying detergent compositions
JP2002180093A (ja) * 2000-12-12 2002-06-26 Lion Corp 洗浄剤及び漂白剤組成物
US20030087791A1 (en) * 2001-08-20 2003-05-08 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Photobleach speckle and laundry detergent compositions containing it

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2213161A (en) * 1987-12-30 1989-08-09 Procter & Gamble Vividly colored laundry or cleaning products
JPH01299898A (ja) * 1988-03-30 1989-12-04 Unilever Nv 洗浄剤組成物用成分
DE19609950C1 (de) * 1996-03-14 1997-11-13 Henkel Kgaa Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von farbgesprenkeltem pulverförmigen Schüttgut
AU8072098A (en) * 1998-06-12 1999-12-30 Procter & Gamble Company, The Cleaning compositions containing speckle particles

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1779517A (en) * 1928-08-28 1930-10-28 Little Inc A Sprayed soap product
US1818367A (en) * 1927-01-31 1931-08-11 Halbert C Wallace Grain cleaner
US2502881A (en) * 1945-10-17 1950-04-04 Parker Elizabeth Weston Household cleaning composition
US2540348A (en) * 1944-07-08 1951-02-06 Fed Cartridge Corp Apparatus for treating plant material
US2567207A (en) * 1947-01-21 1951-09-11 Houdry Process Corp Maintenance of catalytic activity in hydrocarbon conversion systems
US2623856A (en) * 1952-12-30 Tetraborate detergent compositionx
US2657797A (en) * 1948-04-23 1953-11-03 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Process of cooling spray dried detergents
US2666731A (en) * 1949-02-12 1954-01-19 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Method and apparatus for hydrocarbon conversion
US2674497A (en) * 1950-10-23 1954-04-06 Sun Oil Co Combination engager and disengager air lift system
US2712476A (en) * 1950-04-24 1955-07-05 Happel John Method of conveying granular solids
US2715110A (en) * 1952-06-13 1955-08-09 Lever Brothers Ltd Method for the production of a granulated soap product
US2738332A (en) * 1943-12-20 1956-03-13 Colgate Palmolive Co Process of treating soap particles
US2767146A (en) * 1956-10-16 Method of making cleaning

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2623856A (en) * 1952-12-30 Tetraborate detergent compositionx
US2767146A (en) * 1956-10-16 Method of making cleaning
US1818367A (en) * 1927-01-31 1931-08-11 Halbert C Wallace Grain cleaner
US1779517A (en) * 1928-08-28 1930-10-28 Little Inc A Sprayed soap product
US2738332A (en) * 1943-12-20 1956-03-13 Colgate Palmolive Co Process of treating soap particles
US2540348A (en) * 1944-07-08 1951-02-06 Fed Cartridge Corp Apparatus for treating plant material
US2502881A (en) * 1945-10-17 1950-04-04 Parker Elizabeth Weston Household cleaning composition
US2567207A (en) * 1947-01-21 1951-09-11 Houdry Process Corp Maintenance of catalytic activity in hydrocarbon conversion systems
US2657797A (en) * 1948-04-23 1953-11-03 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Process of cooling spray dried detergents
US2666731A (en) * 1949-02-12 1954-01-19 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Method and apparatus for hydrocarbon conversion
US2712476A (en) * 1950-04-24 1955-07-05 Happel John Method of conveying granular solids
US2674497A (en) * 1950-10-23 1954-04-06 Sun Oil Co Combination engager and disengager air lift system
US2715110A (en) * 1952-06-13 1955-08-09 Lever Brothers Ltd Method for the production of a granulated soap product

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3055835A (en) * 1958-11-18 1962-09-25 Colgate Palmolive Co Drying process for detergents
US3112274A (en) * 1959-11-24 1963-11-26 Procter & Gamble Process for making a bleach composition
US4082682A (en) * 1972-04-06 1978-04-04 Colgate-Palmolive Company Detergent composition containing distinctive, colored, non-staining soap particles
US4077841A (en) * 1975-07-11 1978-03-07 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for treating slurries
US4097418A (en) * 1975-10-06 1978-06-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Granular colored speckles
US4434068A (en) 1981-03-18 1984-02-28 Lever Brothers Company Process for manufacturing detergent speckles
US4963226A (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-10-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for spray-drying detergent compositions
JP2002180093A (ja) * 2000-12-12 2002-06-26 Lion Corp 洗浄剤及び漂白剤組成物
US20030087791A1 (en) * 2001-08-20 2003-05-08 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Photobleach speckle and laundry detergent compositions containing it
US7002051B2 (en) * 2001-08-20 2006-02-21 Unilever Home And Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. Photobleach speckle and laundry detergent compositions containing it

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1154891A (fr) 1958-04-17
GB808668A (en) 1959-02-11
FR1157765A (fr) 1958-06-03
CH358888A (de) 1961-12-15
BE549161A (xx)
MY6500054A (en) 1965-12-31
BE549160A (xx)
NL216424A (xx)

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