US2755532A - Apparatus for crushing ceramic powders - Google Patents

Apparatus for crushing ceramic powders Download PDF

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Publication number
US2755532A
US2755532A US308888A US30888852A US2755532A US 2755532 A US2755532 A US 2755532A US 308888 A US308888 A US 308888A US 30888852 A US30888852 A US 30888852A US 2755532 A US2755532 A US 2755532A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
hammer
crushing
mould
pounding
ceramic powders
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US308888A
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English (en)
Inventor
Moderne-Marseill Le Ceramique
Pallier Pierre Paul
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
A Valuy SA D Ets
Ets A VALUY BOLLENE-LA-CROISSIERE SA
Original Assignee
A Valuy SA D Ets
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by A Valuy SA D Ets filed Critical A Valuy SA D Ets
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2755532A publication Critical patent/US2755532A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D213/81—Amides; Imides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/14—Stamping mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/04—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by tamping or ramming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
    • B28B7/44—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for treating with gases or degassing, e.g. for de-aerating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/78—Processes of molding using vacuum
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/028—Impact

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for crushing ceramic powders by the pounding method.
  • the various ceramic products, and more particularly fire-proof products, are usually produced by crushing humidified pulverulent masses. However, it is difficult, with such a process, to obtain high grade and density products.
  • the principal causes of the formation of leaves which is the chief drawback of the known crushing process, are, on the one hand, the presence of occluded air in the mass being pressed or crushed and, on the other hand, the inequalities in pressure between the surface of the mass of material which receives the pressure or crushing shocks and the opposite surface.
  • This invention has for its object an apparatus for crushing ceramic powders, making it possible to eliminate such drawbacks.
  • This process is essentially based on the fact that the crushing is effected on the ceramic powder kept in a vacuum enclosure.
  • the device for carrying out the process is characterized, more particularly, by the means for controlling the pound ing hammer and a kind of mould allowing for a better distribution of the crushing strain on the opposite two faces.
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical section view of a particular embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial vertical section view of the device of Fig. 1 the upper part of which being modified.
  • the machine shown on Fig. 1 comprises a frame 1 on which rests, through damping joints 2, a casing 3 in which is formed the crushing chamber 4.
  • Said chamber made of one piece is perfectly tight and can be closed by a door 5 provided with a tightening joint 6 and operated through a handle 7.
  • the chamber 4 is divided into two parts, the lower part 8 receives the mould and the upper part 9 receives the means controlling the pounding hammer.
  • the base 1 carries, through a plate 10, a mould formed with a bottom 12, a peripheral wall 11 (which may be 2,755,532 Patented July 24, 1956 ice cylindrical for instance) resting freely on said bottom and a pushing lid forming a piston.
  • the lower part 8 is separated from the upper part 9 by a horizontal wall in which an aperture is formed, the section area of which is the same as the pounding hammer, and which has a vacuum cook 16.
  • the pounding hammer 17 is guided vertically at 18 so as to fall through its own weight after it has been released from its raising and retaining device.
  • the raising is ensured by a lever 19 keyed on a pivoting axis 19 the extremity of which is engaged between a roller 20 on which it acts in the raising step and a damping piece 21.
  • the hammer 17 is formed with a recess 22 through which the extremity of the lever 19 extends and in which are secured the roller 20 and the damping piece 21.
  • the hammer 17 has also a notch 23 adapted to cooperate with a finger 24 keyed on an axis 25 the effect of which is to retain the hammer in its high position.
  • the pivoting of the axes 19' and 25 is controlled in synchronism through an external transmission mechanism of any type (not shown on the drawings).
  • the frame 1 also carries a table 26 for withdrawing the material from the mould and comprising a jack 27 actuated by a screw 28.
  • the device operates as follows:
  • the material being treated is put in 14 in the mould 111213 and the door 5 of the chamber 4 is shut. Through the cock 16 the air is sucked from said chamber 4 before starting the crushing and the vacuum is maintained until the end thereof so as to continue until the end of the moulding the removal of the occluded gases from the pulverulent products.
  • the synchronized control means (not shown) are set into operation so that the hammer 17 may be raised by the lever 19 until the notch 23 meshes with the finger 24, then the shaft 25 causes the finger 24 to pivot, releasing the hammer 17 which falls on the lid 13.
  • the operation is sound-deadened by the damping joints 2 and the piece 21 which damps the fall of the lever 19.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a different embodiment in which the hammer 17 is integral at its upper part with a piston 29 extending through the upper face 30 of the chamber 9 through a gland 31. Said piston is subjected either to atmospheric pressure p, or to an overpressure P provided in an enclosure 33 positioned over the lid 31 by means of a pressure source of any type connected to a nozzle 32.
  • the difference between the relative vacuum in the chamber 8-9 and the pressure p or P exerted on the part of the piston 29 external to the chamber 9 adds to the weight of the hammer 8 for effecting the crushing of the ceramic powder.
  • the removal of the gases from the ceramic powder obtained with the apparatus according to the invention makes it possible to improve the density and the homogeneousness of the products obtained.
  • the mass of paste obtained according to the invention has no break and will not bring about during the baking or any other treatment the defects in texture generally encountered such as the formation of leaves.
  • a device for crushing ceramic paste by subjecting it to rapid pounding which comprises a pounding hammer, means for imparting to said hammer a high speed reciprocating motion during which it is alternatively raised mechanically and allowed to fall by gravity a mould for containing the ceramic paste to be crushed, and a vacuumtight enclosure entirely enclosing said pounding hammer, said means and said mould.
  • said means comprise an oscillating lever, a rock shaft on which said lever is keyed at one end, the other end of said lever operatively engaging said hammer, and a vacuum-tight seal in said enclosure through which said rock shaft extends.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
US308888A 1951-09-11 1952-09-10 Apparatus for crushing ceramic powders Expired - Lifetime US2755532A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1042089T 1951-09-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2755532A true US2755532A (en) 1956-07-24

Family

ID=9589837

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US308888A Expired - Lifetime US2755532A (en) 1951-09-11 1952-09-10 Apparatus for crushing ceramic powders

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2755532A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE514109A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH302854A (en, 2012)
FR (2) FR1042089A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB732560A (en, 2012)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2876492A (en) * 1954-03-25 1959-03-10 Frieder Apparatus for molding plastic
US2980978A (en) * 1956-05-08 1961-04-25 Bruce G Marshall Apparatus for mechanically compacting paving mixtures and other materials
US3050809A (en) * 1960-12-08 1962-08-28 Mckiernan Terry Corp Synchronized and equalized opposed hammer press
US3129483A (en) * 1963-03-01 1964-04-21 True Trace Corp Tile press
US3192569A (en) * 1961-07-15 1965-07-06 Knabel Horst Apparatus for molding articles of plastic
US3225411A (en) * 1961-03-02 1965-12-28 Wehr Corp Apparatus for compressing material
US3225410A (en) * 1959-12-09 1965-12-28 Wehr Corp Hammer press
US3932100A (en) * 1974-02-20 1976-01-13 A/S Ardal Og Sunndal Verk Vibratory device
US20140113216A1 (en) * 2012-10-19 2014-04-24 Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research Atomic Energy Council, Executive Yuan Treatment method for solid oxide fuel cells and apparatus thereof
CN111841707A (zh) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-30 常州大学 一种可用于捣碎机器人的捣碎操作端
CN112774768A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-05-11 黎石英 一种振幅式鱼鳞磨粉装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112191300A (zh) * 2020-09-23 2021-01-08 马鞍山市求是仪表厂 一种仪器仪表用粉末涂料制备设备
CN113117853B (zh) * 2021-04-19 2022-12-13 重庆海王生物工程有限公司 一种用于保健品检测的药物粉碎装置及粉碎方法

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US415343A (en) * 1889-11-19 johnson
GB107310A (en) * 1916-09-21 1917-06-28 Alfred Edwards Douglass An Improved Apparatus for Making Briquettes.
US1765804A (en) * 1927-05-05 1930-06-24 Frank W Preston Method of and apparatus for making clay pots
US2007074A (en) * 1932-09-27 1935-07-02 Bonnot Company Press for plastic materials
FR808787A (fr) * 1935-11-05 1937-02-15 Perfectionnements apportés aux dispositifs destinés à la désaération des argiles dans les étireuses ou presses à boudiner
US2259465A (en) * 1937-12-15 1941-10-21 Hardy Metallurg Corp Apparatus for consolidating metal powders
US2446061A (en) * 1946-12-06 1948-07-27 Robert S Reed Concrete block molding machine
US2490193A (en) * 1947-08-15 1949-12-06 Roy E Barr Method of molding
GB649160A (en) * 1948-05-07 1951-01-17 Norman Bardsley Improvements in and relating to drop-hammer machines
US2586148A (en) * 1949-01-06 1952-02-19 Clark Fred Harry Means for the removal of air from finely divided material before consolidation under pressure

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US415343A (en) * 1889-11-19 johnson
GB107310A (en) * 1916-09-21 1917-06-28 Alfred Edwards Douglass An Improved Apparatus for Making Briquettes.
US1765804A (en) * 1927-05-05 1930-06-24 Frank W Preston Method of and apparatus for making clay pots
US2007074A (en) * 1932-09-27 1935-07-02 Bonnot Company Press for plastic materials
FR808787A (fr) * 1935-11-05 1937-02-15 Perfectionnements apportés aux dispositifs destinés à la désaération des argiles dans les étireuses ou presses à boudiner
US2259465A (en) * 1937-12-15 1941-10-21 Hardy Metallurg Corp Apparatus for consolidating metal powders
US2446061A (en) * 1946-12-06 1948-07-27 Robert S Reed Concrete block molding machine
US2490193A (en) * 1947-08-15 1949-12-06 Roy E Barr Method of molding
GB649160A (en) * 1948-05-07 1951-01-17 Norman Bardsley Improvements in and relating to drop-hammer machines
US2586148A (en) * 1949-01-06 1952-02-19 Clark Fred Harry Means for the removal of air from finely divided material before consolidation under pressure

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2876492A (en) * 1954-03-25 1959-03-10 Frieder Apparatus for molding plastic
US2980978A (en) * 1956-05-08 1961-04-25 Bruce G Marshall Apparatus for mechanically compacting paving mixtures and other materials
US3225410A (en) * 1959-12-09 1965-12-28 Wehr Corp Hammer press
US3050809A (en) * 1960-12-08 1962-08-28 Mckiernan Terry Corp Synchronized and equalized opposed hammer press
US3225411A (en) * 1961-03-02 1965-12-28 Wehr Corp Apparatus for compressing material
US3192569A (en) * 1961-07-15 1965-07-06 Knabel Horst Apparatus for molding articles of plastic
US3129483A (en) * 1963-03-01 1964-04-21 True Trace Corp Tile press
US3932100A (en) * 1974-02-20 1976-01-13 A/S Ardal Og Sunndal Verk Vibratory device
US20140113216A1 (en) * 2012-10-19 2014-04-24 Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research Atomic Energy Council, Executive Yuan Treatment method for solid oxide fuel cells and apparatus thereof
US9190688B2 (en) * 2012-10-19 2015-11-17 Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research Atomic Energy Council, Executive Yuan Treatment method for solid oxide fuel cells and apparatus thereof
US9979032B2 (en) 2012-10-19 2018-05-22 Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research Atomic Energy Council, Executive Yuan Treatment method for solid oxide fuel cells and apparatus thereof
CN111841707A (zh) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-30 常州大学 一种可用于捣碎机器人的捣碎操作端
CN112774768A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-05-11 黎石英 一种振幅式鱼鳞磨粉装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE514109A (en, 2012)
CH302854A (fr) 1954-11-15
GB732560A (en) 1955-06-29
FR63083E (fr) 1955-07-15
FR1042089A (fr) 1953-10-28

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