US2752667A - Bearings - Google Patents

Bearings Download PDF

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Publication number
US2752667A
US2752667A US188986A US18898650A US2752667A US 2752667 A US2752667 A US 2752667A US 188986 A US188986 A US 188986A US 18898650 A US18898650 A US 18898650A US 2752667 A US2752667 A US 2752667A
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United States
Prior art keywords
strip
aluminum
steel
layer
bonding layer
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Expired - Lifetime
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US188986A
Inventor
Ralph A Schaefer
Joseph F Cerness
Wilbert H Morrison
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Clevite Corp
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Clevite Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/008—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of clad ingots, i.e. the molten metal being cast against a continuous strip forming part of the cast product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal
    • B22D19/085—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal of anti-frictional metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
    • F16C2223/44—Coating surfaces by casting molten material on the substrate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
    • F16C2223/70—Coating surfaces by electroplating or electrolytic coating, e.g. anodising, galvanising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F16C33/122—Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/923—Physical dimension
    • Y10S428/924—Composite
    • Y10S428/926—Thickness of individual layer specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/934—Electrical process
    • Y10S428/935—Electroplating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/939—Molten or fused coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12354—Nonplanar, uniform-thickness material having symmetrical channel shape or reverse fold [e.g., making acute angle, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12931—Co-, Fe-, or Ni-base components, alternative to each other
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12937—Co- or Ni-base component next to Fe-base component

Definitions

  • the present invention relating as indicated to a bimetallic strip, is more particularly directed to the manufacture of bimetallic strip composed of steel as a backing.
  • This application is a division of application 769,616, filed Auguist 20, 1947, now Patent No. 2,611,163, dated September 23, 1952.
  • the present invention is based upon the discovery. that if a layer of a metal such as bond either at or near the bend.
  • the strip as it passes through the pouring box carries a layer of 2.1mm which flows onto its upper surface and which is there sized by means of a sizing die or shoe 5, extending some distance from the pouring box proper and in the direction of movement of the strip.
  • A. short distance from the pouring box proper and beneath the plate 3' are a plurality of water sprays 6,'which flood the bottom of the support and contact directly with the steel strip 7 to rapidly chill the strip and solidify the molten aluminum beginning about the point marked 8 in the sizing die 5.
  • the outer portion of the die has a tapering lower surface 9 from the point 8 to its outer end to fa- "amass? strip may, of course,
  • die may be formed in thatportion hum of any suitable material resistant to the action of molten aluminum and may be formed, for example, of block graphite or other similar material.
  • a specific example may be given as followszj Low carbon SAE 1010 steel, either hot or cold rolled, and approximately 5 to 6 inches wide and from .040.080 inch thick, is cleaned and etched in the conventional manner and is then run through an electroplating bath to receive the coating of nickel already specified.
  • the electrolyte in the bath maybe a conventional nickel bath such as a Watts bath and the steel is plated with a layer of nickel, which for most purposes will be approximately .0005 inch thick.
  • the strip after being dried is passed into the entrance end 10 of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 in which a reducing at mosphere is maintained against the nickel layer and grad ually brought up to a temperature of approximately 1200 F. by suitable heating means at the'point where the strip passes into the pouring box proper.
  • Various reducing atmospheres may be employed but a suitable one consists of 93% nitrogen and 7% hydrogen.
  • the composite material resulting from the above method is shown in Fig.2, in which the steel strip is of the order of thickness stated above and carries an aluminum layer on its upper surface having a thickness of approximately .020 to .030 inch, interposted between the two, of course, and bonding the two metals together is the barrier layer of nickel or cobalt of approximately .0005 inch.
  • An arcuate body comprising a composite, bimetallic strip composed principally of a malleable and ductile cast aluminum alloy and a steel strip united throughout their contiguous surfaces by a ductile and continuous adherent thin bonding-layer of nickel electroplated on said steel strip from .00025" to .001" in thickness, the bonding layer being separate and distinct from the steel strip, and the inter-metallic zone between the bonding layer and the cast aluminum layer being a minimum, said bimetallic strip being bent to form an arcuate body without rupturing the bonding layer from the steel strip or from the cast aluminum.
  • An arcuate body as set forth in claim 1 characterized by the cast layer of aluminum being of the order of .020 thick.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

y 3, 1956 R. A. SCHAEFER ET AL 2,752,667
BEARINGS Original Filed Aug. 20, 1947 N m. w W1 Tmsm J N R fM 6 S VM M V w w w GWFLI 2 A e m HMM & T a 7% Y B BEARINGS Ralph A. Schaefer, Cleveland, Joseph F. Cemess, East Cleveland, and Wilbert H Morrison, Cleveland Heights, Ohio, assignors to Clevite Corporation, a corporation of Ohio Griginal application August 20, 1947, SerialjNo. 769,616, now Patent No. 2,611,163, dated September 23, 1952. Divided and this application September 6, 1950, Serial No. 188,986
4 Claims. (Cl. 29196.6)
The present invention, relating as indicated to a bimetallic strip, is more particularly directed to the manufacture of bimetallic strip composed of steel as a backing This application is a division of application 769,616, filed Auguist 20, 1947, now Patent No. 2,611,163, dated September 23, 1952.
Molten aluminum or aluminum base alloys when in contact with high loads.
The present invention is based upon the discovery. that if a layer of a metal such as bond either at or near the bend.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related i d States Paten Patented July 3, 1956 formation of the iron-aluminum phases.
' of aluminum alloys nickel, cobalt or its alloys at a considerably slower rate than with Iron the primary ingredient of low carbon steel This slow rate maintaining it in a horizontal position. The strip as it passes through the pouring box carries a layer of 2.1mm which flows onto its upper surface and which is there sized by means of a sizing die or shoe 5, extending some distance from the pouring box proper and in the direction of movement of the strip. A. short distance from the pouring box proper and beneath the plate 3' are a plurality of water sprays 6,'which flood the bottom of the support and contact directly with the steel strip 7 to rapidly chill the strip and solidify the molten aluminum beginning about the point marked 8 in the sizing die 5. The outer portion of the die has a tapering lower surface 9 from the point 8 to its outer end to fa- "amass? strip may, of course,
cilitate drawing the composite strip through that portion has solidified and where The contacting the alumiof the die in which the aluminum it might tend to contact and stick to the die proper. die may be formed in thatportion hum of any suitable material resistant to the action of molten aluminum and may be formed, for example, of block graphite or other similar material.
in carrying out the present method a specific example may be given as followszj Low carbon SAE 1010 steel, either hot or cold rolled, and approximately 5 to 6 inches wide and from .040.080 inch thick, is cleaned and etched in the conventional manner and is then run through an electroplating bath to receive the coating of nickel already specified. The electrolyte in the bath maybe a conventional nickel bath such as a Watts bath and the steel is plated with a layer of nickel, which for most purposes will be approximately .0005 inch thick. The strip after being dried is passed into the entrance end 10 of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 in which a reducing at mosphere is maintained against the nickel layer and grad ually brought up to a temperature of approximately 1200 F. by suitable heating means at the'point where the strip passes into the pouring box proper. Various reducing atmospheres may be employed but a suitable one consists of 93% nitrogen and 7% hydrogen.
The composite material resulting from the above method is shown in Fig.2, in which the steel strip is of the order of thickness stated above and carries an aluminum layer on its upper surface having a thickness of approximately .020 to .030 inch, interposted between the two, of course, and bonding the two metals together is the barrier layer of nickel or cobalt of approximately .0005 inch.
By the use of the sizing die 5 we have found it possible to form a layer of aluminum bonded to the steel which in thickness will approximate very closely the thickness desired for subsequent machining operations.
There are, of course, many uses for aluminumcoated steel in which the steel will have a coating of the thickness of the order of .020 inch instead of a mere dipped coating in which the thickness is .001-.002 inch and it is unnecessary to list such uses although one example in which such a material is of decided advantage is a hearing 16, which is-shown in Fig. 4. In this figure we have shown only a semi-cylindrical bearing but the composite be employed with a flat slide or a semi-cylindrical or cylindrical or other suitable bearing forms. As a bearing, the use of certain alloys of aluminum on steel has heretofore not been employed because of the extremely short life of composite aluminum-steel materials heretofore made while aluminum alloys of the type possessing the bearing qualities can only be used alone when employed in a very considerable thickness because of the-low tensile strength of the aluminum.
It, of course, will be understood that the process described and the products thereof is useful for articles of pure aluminum bonded to steel as well as alloys of aluminum in which aluminum is the major constituent. For bearing purposes, for example, there are several high aluminum alloys which have been used for bearings which can be satisfactorily bonded to steel by the present method, producing a new, economical and satisfactory composite bearing material.
We claim:
1. An arcuate body comprising a composite, bimetallic strip composed principally of a malleable and ductile cast aluminum alloy and a steel strip united throughout their contiguous surfaces by a ductile and continuous adherent thin bonding-layer of nickel electroplated on said steel strip from .00025" to .001" in thickness, the bonding layer being separate and distinct from the steel strip, and the inter-metallic zone between the bonding layer and the cast aluminum layer being a minimum, said bimetallic strip being bent to form an arcuate body without rupturing the bonding layer from the steel strip or from the cast aluminum.
2. An arcuate body as set forth in claim 1 characterized by the cast layer of aluminum being of the order of .020 thick.
3. An arcuate body as set forth in claim 1 in which the cast aluminum layer is approximately .020 to .030
thick.
4. The composite, bimetallic element of claim 1 in which there is a reaction layer between the nickel and aluminum which is extremely thin, .000020" to .000070" thick.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS of the order of

Claims (1)

1. AN ARCUATE BODY COMPRISING A COMPOSITE, BIMETALLIC STRIP COMPOSED PRINCIPALLY OF A MALLEABLE AND DUCTILE CAST ALUMINUM ALLOY AND A STEEL STRIP UNITED THROUGHOUT THEIR CONTIGUOUS SURFACES BY A DUCTILE AND CONTINUOUS ADHERENT THIN BONDING LAYER OF NICKEL ELECTROPLATED ON SAID STEEL STRIP FROM .00025" TO .001" IN THICKNESS, THE BONDING LAYER BEING SEPARATE AND DISTINCT FROM THE STEEL STRIP, AND THE INTERMETALLIC ZONE BETWEEN THE BONDING LAYER AND THE CAST ALUMINUM LAYER BEING A MINIMUM, SAID BIMETALLIC STRIP BEING BENT TO FORM AN ARCUATE BODY WITHOUT RUPTURING THE BONDING LAYER FROM THE STRIP OR FROM THE CAST ALUMINUM.
US188986A 1947-08-20 1950-09-06 Bearings Expired - Lifetime US2752667A (en)

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US769616A US2611163A (en) 1947-08-20 1947-08-20 Method of making bearings

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US2970068A (en) * 1955-03-07 1961-01-31 Union Carbide Corp Method of making a composite stock
US3055098A (en) * 1956-10-22 1962-09-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Brazing dissimilar metals
US3141744A (en) * 1961-06-19 1964-07-21 Dwight E Couch Wear-resistant nickel-aluminum coatings
US3180008A (en) * 1960-09-19 1965-04-27 Vandervell Products Ltd Method of manufacturing bearings
US3198610A (en) * 1961-10-11 1965-08-03 Marshall G Whitfield Thermally stabilized metal article and process of making it
US3206289A (en) * 1961-11-07 1965-09-14 United Aircraft Corp Coated columbium alloy articles
US3231971A (en) * 1961-01-19 1966-02-01 Inland Steel Co Method of producing fusion coated metal base
US3262764A (en) * 1963-08-19 1966-07-26 United Aircraft Corp Coatings for columbium base alloys
US3306716A (en) * 1963-02-14 1967-02-28 Nat Standard Co Aluminum clad electric conductor wire
US3402255A (en) * 1966-12-02 1968-09-17 Texas Instruments Inc Composite electrical bus bar
US3402254A (en) * 1966-12-02 1968-09-17 Texas Instruments Inc Composite electrical bus bar
US3810287A (en) * 1972-06-09 1974-05-14 Olin Corp Composite rod or wire

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US2715252A (en) * 1951-06-21 1955-08-16 Clevite Corp Continuous casting apparatus for aluminum onto metallic strip material
US2881491A (en) * 1953-03-23 1959-04-14 Chrysler Corp Method of casting aluminum on ferrous base to form duplex structure
US2974380A (en) * 1953-03-23 1961-03-14 Chrysler Corp Aluminum casting process
US3099869A (en) * 1953-12-02 1963-08-06 Hoover Co Process of bonding metals
US2900708A (en) * 1956-02-16 1959-08-25 Marvalaud Inc Apparatus for producing alloy and bimetallic filaments
US2957782A (en) * 1956-07-13 1960-10-25 Boller Dev Corp Process for coating ferrous metals
US3186044A (en) * 1957-05-23 1965-06-01 British Aluminium Co Ltd Method of producing current conducting elements
DE1244343B (en) * 1958-04-21 1967-07-13 British Aluminium Co Ltd Use of a cast connection to create a conductive connection for cathodes of electrolytic cells in aluminum production
US3090118A (en) * 1959-04-16 1963-05-21 Sunbeam Corp Method of making a cooking vessel
CH372807A (en) * 1959-12-03 1963-10-31 Emilio Lagostina S P A Ing Process for forming a heat-diffusing base joined to the bottom of cooking vessels, in stainless steel, and cooking vessel obtained with the process
DE1235702B (en) * 1960-06-08 1967-03-02 Boller Dev Corp Process for applying firmly adhering coatings made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy to ferrous metals for protection against oxidation at high temperatures by immersion in a molten aluminum bath
US3225400A (en) * 1960-09-06 1965-12-28 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Method for casting transition couplings
US3208776A (en) * 1960-09-06 1965-09-28 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Transition couplings
US3145119A (en) * 1961-04-14 1964-08-18 Gen Electric Float casting
US3264697A (en) * 1963-04-17 1966-08-09 Roehr Prod Co Inc Method of forming composite metal bodies
US3350773A (en) * 1963-09-11 1967-11-07 Federal Mogul Bower Bearings Method of making bearings
US3640815A (en) * 1969-09-08 1972-02-08 Howmet Corp Method for surface treatment of nickel and cobalt base alloys
AT336827B (en) * 1974-03-11 1977-05-25 Metallgesellschaft Ag METALLIC CASTING BELT FOR BELT CASTING MACHINES
JPS54142133A (en) * 1978-04-27 1979-11-06 Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kk Heat and corrosion resistant steel material
ES2021906A6 (en) * 1988-11-19 1991-11-16 Glyco Metal Werke Daelen And L Process and device for producing a laminated material for sliding elements
US6443211B1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2002-09-03 Cummins Inc. Mettallurgical bonding of inserts having multi-layered coatings within metal castings
DE10157478A1 (en) * 2001-11-23 2003-06-05 Fne Gmbh Compound metal material is a shaped first metal, e.g. a wire coil, embedded in a ground matrix of the second metal.
DE102012208558A1 (en) * 2012-05-22 2013-11-28 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for producing a cohesive connection

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US1956464A (en) * 1930-08-13 1934-04-24 Cleveland Graphite Bronze Co Bearing manufacture
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE862651C (en) 1953-01-12
US2611163A (en) 1952-09-23

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