US1637033A - Composite electric conductor - Google Patents

Composite electric conductor Download PDF

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Publication number
US1637033A
US1637033A US35262A US3526225A US1637033A US 1637033 A US1637033 A US 1637033A US 35262 A US35262 A US 35262A US 3526225 A US3526225 A US 3526225A US 1637033 A US1637033 A US 1637033A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wire
nickel
aluminum
coating
electric conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US35262A
Inventor
Basch David
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General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US35262A priority Critical patent/US1637033A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1637033A publication Critical patent/US1637033A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/934—Electrical process
    • Y10S428/935—Electroplating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/939—Molten or fused coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
    • Y10T428/1291—Next to Co-, Cu-, or Ni-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12944—Ni-base component

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of aluminum coated copper conduc-- tors, and as a consequence of my invention I have provided a conductor in which the core and coating are so well united that they will not separate, and in which the core is not injured or oxidized during the process of manufacture.
  • a nonferrous foundation metal such as copper is first coated with nickel and then aluminum is applied upon the nickel. .No deleterious effects are produced by molten aluminum upon nickel-coated copper.
  • FIG. 1 somewhat diagrammatically an appara- ,tus suitable for carrying out my invention
  • FIG. 2 shows in enlarged cross-section a' conductor embodying my invention.
  • copper wire 1 may be drawn from a reel or spool 2 through an electroplating device 3 where the wire is coated with nickel in the usual way.
  • wire passes over suitable guides, two of which are shown at 4 and 5, and it functions as cathode in the plating bathin conjunc tion with an anode 6.
  • the Wire After emerging from the plating cell 3 the Wire passes through a washing tank 7 and then through a wiper 8 where excess moisture'is removed.
  • the wire which has been coated with a layer of nickel 9 is then passed over rotatable. guides 10, 11, 12 and 13 into a bath of molten aluminum contained within. the tank 1 1 which is maintained at the fusion temperature of aluminum by an electric heater 15. The travel of the ni'ckel coated Wire throughthis bath is maintained at sucha rate that the desired coating of aluminum 16 is deposited on the nickel coating 9 as lndicated in Fig. 2. The wire is finally wound upon a reel '17.
  • the coating of aluminum to advantage may be applied by heating the nickel coated wire in contact with a charge of'powdered aluminum and oxide of aluminum, as described, for example, in Van gligr Patent No. 1,155,974 of October 5,
  • the conductor finallymay be chemically treated to form insulating coating compris- 7 ing a hydrated aluminum oxide on its surface according to well known methods.
  • An article of manufacture comprising a foundation metal, a coating of nickel thereon and a. coating ofaluminum'superimposed on said nickel coating.
  • An electrical conductor comprising a core of copper, a sheath of aluminum and 89 an intermediate film of nickel.
  • An electrical conductor comprising. a coreof nonferrous metal, asheath of aluminum, and an intermediate coating .of nickel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Description

July 26, 1927. 1,637,033
D. BASCH COMPOSITE ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR Filed June 1925 OUTLET Inventor: David Basch,
Hls Attorney.
Patented July 26, 1927.
UNITED STATES.
PATENT OFFICE.
DAVID BASCH, OF SCHENECTAIDY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.
COMPOSITE ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR.
Application filed June 5, 1925. Serial No. 35,262.
The present invention relates to the manufacture of aluminum coated copper conduc-- tors, and as a consequence of my invention I have provided a conductor in which the core and coating are so well united that they will not separate, and in which the core is not injured or oxidized during the process of manufacture.
Heretofore, when attempt were made to coat copper wire with aluiinum, it was found that the copper when brought into contact with molten aluminum became oxidized so that the coating would be imperfect. A tin coating on the copper also became oxidized. Furthermore, molten aluminum alloyed with the copper to such an extent that wire being coated became reduced in diameter, its strength and current carrying capacity were impaired and it was ren-- dered brittle.
In accordance with my invention a nonferrous foundation metal such as copper is first coated with nickel and then aluminum is applied upon the nickel. .No deleterious effects are produced by molten aluminum upon nickel-coated copper.
The accompanying drawing shows in Fig. 1 somewhat diagrammatically an appara- ,tus suitable for carrying out my invention,
and in Fig. 2 shows in enlarged cross-section a' conductor embodying my invention.
As shown in Fig. 1, copper wire 1 may be drawn from a reel or spool 2 through an electroplating device 3 where the wire is coated with nickel in the usual way. The
wire passes over suitable guides, two of which are shown at 4 and 5, and it functions as cathode in the plating bathin conjunc tion with an anode 6. 40
way. The concentration and char cter of the nickel plating bath [and the rate of progression of the wire through the bath Electrical contact to the wire is made through the reel 2, .or in any other suitable will depend on the size of the wire and other conditions. After emerging from the plating cell 3 the Wire passes through a washing tank 7 and then through a wiper 8 where excess moisture'is removed.
The wire which has been coated with a layer of nickel 9 is then passed over rotatable. guides 10, 11, 12 and 13 into a bath of molten aluminum contained within. the tank 1 1 which is maintained at the fusion temperature of aluminum by an electric heater 15. The travel of the ni'ckel coated Wire throughthis bath is maintained at sucha rate that the desired coating of aluminum 16 is deposited on the nickel coating 9 as lndicated in Fig. 2. The wire is finally wound upon a reel '17.
In some cases the coating of aluminum to advantage may be applied by heating the nickel coated wire in contact with a charge of'powdered aluminum and oxide of aluminum, as described, for example, in Van gligr Patent No. 1,155,974 of October 5,
The conductor finallymay be chemically treated to form insulating coating compris- 7 ing a hydrated aluminum oxide on its surface according to well known methods.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is
1. An article of manufacture, comprising a foundation metal, a coating of nickel thereon and a. coating ofaluminum'superimposed on said nickel coating.
' 2. An electrical conductor comprising a core of copper, a sheath of aluminum and 89 an intermediate film of nickel.
3. An electrical conductor comprising. a coreof nonferrous metal, asheath of aluminum, and an intermediate coating .of nickel.
my hand this 4th day of June, 1925.
DAVID BA'soH.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set I
US35262A 1925-06-05 1925-06-05 Composite electric conductor Expired - Lifetime US1637033A (en)

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Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2473888A (en) * 1947-06-10 1949-06-21 Gen Electric Lead-in wire for electric lamps and similar devices
US2611163A (en) * 1947-08-20 1952-09-23 Cleveland Graphite Bronze Co Method of making bearings
US2619604A (en) * 1949-03-30 1952-11-25 Rca Corp Magnetostriction device
US2664873A (en) * 1946-08-09 1954-01-05 Shell Dev Coated metal product and method of producting same
US2682101A (en) * 1946-06-01 1954-06-29 Whitfield & Sheshunoff Inc Oxidation protected tungsten and molybdenum bodies and method of producing same
US2687565A (en) * 1951-02-21 1954-08-31 Clevite Corp Method of bonding aluminum to steel
US2700212A (en) * 1948-10-15 1955-01-25 Gen Electric Electrical conductor
US2755542A (en) * 1949-05-14 1956-07-24 Gen Motors Corp Method of providing brazed ferrous metal parts with aluminum coating
US2763058A (en) * 1952-01-07 1956-09-18 Bohn Aluminium & Brass Corp Process of producing steel-aluminum bi-metal strip
US2831760A (en) * 1955-12-20 1958-04-22 Erico Prod Inc Material for welding aluminum and other metals
US2836751A (en) * 1954-08-02 1958-05-27 Rca Corp Cathode ray tube manufacture
US2887766A (en) * 1955-06-27 1959-05-26 Borg Warner Composite metal articles
US2947069A (en) * 1956-01-12 1960-08-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Aluminum clad copper wire and process for making the same
US2959663A (en) * 1952-11-12 1960-11-08 Casco Products Corp Heating element for cigar lighters
US2970068A (en) * 1955-03-07 1961-01-31 Union Carbide Corp Method of making a composite stock
US3020610A (en) * 1955-12-20 1962-02-13 Erico Prod Inc Method of welding aluminum and other metals
US3175893A (en) * 1959-02-02 1965-03-30 Clevite Corp Laminate composite material and method of fabrication
US3177579A (en) * 1959-09-17 1965-04-13 Reynolds Metals Co Process for manufacture of a zinc-clad aluminum wire
US3202530A (en) * 1961-11-30 1965-08-24 Olin Mathieson Method of forming a composite metal article
US3238025A (en) * 1962-12-31 1966-03-01 Anaconda Wire & Cable Co High-temperature conductor
US3517428A (en) * 1969-04-25 1970-06-30 Trw Inc Brazed article with aluminide coating stop-off
US3640815A (en) * 1969-09-08 1972-02-08 Howmet Corp Method for surface treatment of nickel and cobalt base alloys
US3810287A (en) * 1972-06-09 1974-05-14 Olin Corp Composite rod or wire

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2682101A (en) * 1946-06-01 1954-06-29 Whitfield & Sheshunoff Inc Oxidation protected tungsten and molybdenum bodies and method of producing same
US2664873A (en) * 1946-08-09 1954-01-05 Shell Dev Coated metal product and method of producting same
US2473888A (en) * 1947-06-10 1949-06-21 Gen Electric Lead-in wire for electric lamps and similar devices
US2752667A (en) * 1947-08-20 1956-07-03 Clevite Corp Bearings
US2611163A (en) * 1947-08-20 1952-09-23 Cleveland Graphite Bronze Co Method of making bearings
US2700212A (en) * 1948-10-15 1955-01-25 Gen Electric Electrical conductor
US2619604A (en) * 1949-03-30 1952-11-25 Rca Corp Magnetostriction device
US2755542A (en) * 1949-05-14 1956-07-24 Gen Motors Corp Method of providing brazed ferrous metal parts with aluminum coating
US2687565A (en) * 1951-02-21 1954-08-31 Clevite Corp Method of bonding aluminum to steel
US2763058A (en) * 1952-01-07 1956-09-18 Bohn Aluminium & Brass Corp Process of producing steel-aluminum bi-metal strip
US2959663A (en) * 1952-11-12 1960-11-08 Casco Products Corp Heating element for cigar lighters
US2836751A (en) * 1954-08-02 1958-05-27 Rca Corp Cathode ray tube manufacture
US2970068A (en) * 1955-03-07 1961-01-31 Union Carbide Corp Method of making a composite stock
US2887766A (en) * 1955-06-27 1959-05-26 Borg Warner Composite metal articles
US2831760A (en) * 1955-12-20 1958-04-22 Erico Prod Inc Material for welding aluminum and other metals
US3020610A (en) * 1955-12-20 1962-02-13 Erico Prod Inc Method of welding aluminum and other metals
US2947069A (en) * 1956-01-12 1960-08-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Aluminum clad copper wire and process for making the same
US3175893A (en) * 1959-02-02 1965-03-30 Clevite Corp Laminate composite material and method of fabrication
US3177579A (en) * 1959-09-17 1965-04-13 Reynolds Metals Co Process for manufacture of a zinc-clad aluminum wire
US3202530A (en) * 1961-11-30 1965-08-24 Olin Mathieson Method of forming a composite metal article
US3238025A (en) * 1962-12-31 1966-03-01 Anaconda Wire & Cable Co High-temperature conductor
US3517428A (en) * 1969-04-25 1970-06-30 Trw Inc Brazed article with aluminide coating stop-off
US3640815A (en) * 1969-09-08 1972-02-08 Howmet Corp Method for surface treatment of nickel and cobalt base alloys
US3810287A (en) * 1972-06-09 1974-05-14 Olin Corp Composite rod or wire

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