US2674239A - Vaporizing type oil burning heater - Google Patents

Description

April 1954 K. B. K. A. LUNDBERG VAPORIZING TYPE OIL BURNING HEATER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 15, 1949 7 INVENTOR.

W filiforneg/ Ap 6, 1954 K. B. K. A. LUNDBERG VAPORIZING TYPE OIL BURNING HEATER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 15, 1949 INVENTOR.

Patented Apr. 6, 1954 VAPORIZIN G TYPE OIL BURNING HEATER Kurt Bonnie Karl Axel Lundberg, Stockholm, Sweden Application December 15, 1949, Serial No. 133,094

2 Claims. 1

The present invention relates to a heater for the combustion of kerosene or the like liquid fuel, comprising a fuel receptacle communicating with a combustion chamber located laterally of and at a distance from the fuel receptacle, said heater being substantially intended for drying recently built houses, for heating greenhouses and so on. The invention is substantially characterized in that the combustion chamber in which the combustion takes place on the free sur face of the fuel and to which primary air is supplied through an intake, communicates with an after-combustion chamber located above the combustion chamber, said after-combustion hamber being provided with secondary air intakes and communicating with a stack. The combustion chamber communicates with a laterally disposed primary air intake provided with control means for the primary air as well as with a screen preventing the combustion air from flowing the shortest way to the combustion chamber. On the combustion chamber there is arranged a ring or the like projecting outside the same and provided with a number of perforations. A stand for carrying the downwardly open after-combustion chamber is arranged on the ring. In the upper portion of the after-combustion chamber there is made an outtake around which an annular bowl is placed. A guard plate is arranged above the outtake and the bowl at some distance from the same. On the ring, outside the stand and the after-combustion chamber there is arranged a stack which in its upper portion is provided with a damper. A flame guard is preferably placed on said stack.

An embodiment of the heater according to the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a side view of the heater.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the heater, partly in section.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the heater, partly in section.

Figs. 4 and 5 show details on a larger scale.

Numeral 2 denotes a fuel receptacle for liquid fuel, for example, kerosene, which receptacle is carried by a stand it made of tubes or angle irons. Fuel is filled into the fuel receptacle through an opening provided with a screw cap t, and the fuel flows into a combustion chamber 5 located laterally of the receptacle through a relatively narrow conduit 5 extending from .the bottom of the receptacle. The screw cap has a vent, not shown in the drawing. The combustion chamber 5 is carried by two angle irons l, which are welded to the stand and which also carry a chamber 8 as a lateral extension of one side of combustion chamber 5 and thereby communicating with the combustion chamber. In the upper portion of said chamber 8 there is an opening on which there is located a plate 9 having in its outwardly directed, semi-circular portion a semi-circular opening, the circular portion of which is limited by a narrow strip of the plate so that a ring element to is obtained. To the plate 9 there is, adjacent the ring element, fixed a downwardly directed, semi-tubular screen H] depending inside the chamber 8, the free ends of said screen being directed outwardly from the combustion chamber so that the apex of the curve defining the cross section of the semi-tubular screen IE] is closer to the axis of the combustion chamber 5 than the ends of the screen It. Around a shaft ll centrally located relatively to the ring element 8a there is on the plate 9 swingably mounted a circular plate 12, in one half of which there is made a semi-circular opening which only leaves a narrow outer ring element in said half so that the opening formed in the ring element 8a may be completely opened or closed by the plate i2 by means of a handle l3. Another semi-circular plate l5 provided with holes I4 is also swingably arranged around the shaft ll on the plate it. so that the plate I5 may be swung relatively to the plate l2. If the plates 12 and I5 are adjusted in such a manner that the plate l2 closes the opening in the element 8a and the holes 14 of the plate [5 are located over the opening of the plate l2 and the two plates are swung around the shaft H, a successively increased number of holes will communicate with the opening in the plate 8a whereby the supply of primary air to the combustion chamber 5 is regulated. The screen ID prevents the combustion air from flowing the shortest way directly to the combustion chamber since air must curve around screen I 0 to pass to the rear of the end edges thereof. The plate [5 is operated by means of the handle l6. The plate 9 is fixed on a rectangular plate H which is adapted to be moved over the opening of the chamber 8 in, guides arranged at the edges of said chamber so as to close said opening. In the ring element So there is made a hole through which extends a threaded member l9 fixed to the chamber 8 when the plate I! is inserted in its closing position, and a nut 20 is screwed on to said member l9 to lock the plate in this position. That portion of the threaded member l9 which is located in the chamber 8 is preferably shaped as a hook not shown in the drawings.

The combustion chamber is open at the top, and around the opening there is located a ring 22 having an outwardly directed or lateral flange provided with perforations 2| for secondary air. In the lateral direction said ring projects outside the combustion chamber and also has an upwardly directed flange 23. On the outwardly directed flange of the ring 22 there is supported a stand 2 1 for an after-combustion chamber or dome 25 having the shape of an inverted bowl, the lower edge of which is located at a distance above the lateral flange of ring 22. In the top of the dome in the upper portion of the combustion chamber, there is a central opening or outlet 26 around which there is arranged an annular bowl 2?. opening 26 and the annular bowl. Outside the ring flange 23 there is placed a stack 29' which at its top is provided with a cover 30 hinged to the stack, so that said stack can be completely covered or uncovered. Above the cover 38 there is fixed a flame guard 3|. Surrounding the aftercombustion chamber 25 openings 32, shown on a larger scale in Figs. 4 and 5, are provided in the stack so that a turbulent air current is obtained between the stack and the combustion chamber. A guard plate 33 is arranged along that side of fuel container 2 which faces the combustion chamber 5.

The invention is not restricted to the embodiment shown, but the details may be varied in many ways without going beyond the scope of the invention.

The heater functions in the following manner:

Fuel is filled into the fuel receptacle 2 and flows successively into the combustion chamber 5 and the chamber 8 so that the same liquid level is obtained in the chambers and in the receptacle. When the heater is to be used, methylated spirit is poured into the bowl 2'! and ignited. A piece of cotton waste is fixed on a suitable hook which is lowered into the chamber 8 and ignited. The oil surface catches fire and the heating of the bowl 2! round the opening 26 produces a strong draught so that the combustion gases from the combustion chamber 5 rise upwards to the aftercombustion chamber 25. A small part of the combustion gases will then pass between the after-combustion chamber 25 and the stack 29. Secondary air flows in through the perforations 2| so that the uncombusted particles in the exhaust gases coming from the combustion chamber are completely combusted in the after-combuction chamber. This secondary air also mixes with the gases leaving between the after-combustion chamber and the stack so that combustion will also take place here, said combustion being intensified by the air flowing in through the openings 32. The exhaust gases from the after-combustion chamber which pass through the opening 26 are ignited again at the flame guard 28 if the contain combustible particles. Should a flame issue from the chamber beneath the flame guard, said flame is prevented by said guard from passing directly to the outtake of the stack. For safetys sake the stack is also provided with a flame guard.

The chambers 5 and 8 should be small so that the oil quantity therein is small. Consequently, if an accident should occur, if the heater should be upset, for example, the oil quantity flowing out will be a minimum. e

The combustion in the combustion chamber 5 is regulated by means of the plates l2 and I5. When the burner is to be extinguished, the air A flame guard 23 is arranged above-the supply through the perforations I4 is completely shut off and the cover 30 is swung so as to cover the stack 29.

It is therefore clearly indicated in the drawings that I have specifically provided a liquid fuel heater including a liquid fuel burner support comprising a stand 3 including a base and laterally spaced upwardly extending handle means, a fuel receptacle 2 supported by said base, a vertically disposed combustion chamber 5 supported by said base in laterally spaced relation with respect to said fuel receptacle, means 6 providing communication between the receptacle and the combustion chamber to provide a common liquid level therein and combustion occurring on the free surface of the liquid in the combustion chamber, a lateralextension 8 of the combustion chamber including a top wall having an orifice therein, said orifice constituting a preliminary air intake opening, regulating means 8a, 9, H, l2, I3, 14, and I5 associated with said orifice to controllably govern the quantity of air entering the same, a screen In depending within said extension and said screen being curved in cross section with the apex of the curve, defining the said cross section, disposed closer to the axis of the combustion chamber than the end edges of the screen, whereby primary air is compelled to perform a rotary movement outwardly to pass around the edges into the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber being open at the top and a ring member 22 having a first laterally directed annular flange and a vertically disposed flange 23 extending vertically of the said lateral flange, said ring member being carried by said combustion chamber and surrounding the opening thereof, a stand 24 supported by said laterally directed flange inwardly of said vertical flange, a dome member 25 constituting an aftercombustion chamber carried by said stand and including a lower edge supported in spaced relation above said lateral flange, an outlet orifice 25 in the top of said after-combustion chamber, an annular priming cup 21 surrounding said orifice, an exhaust conduit 29 supported by said vertically disposed flange of said ring member and of a greater diameter than said dome member in at least the area adjacent the dome member and extending vertically above said dome member, said laterally directed flange of the ring member having openings 2| therein constituting secondary air intake means, and said exhaust conduit having openings 32 in the wall thereof in the area adjacent said dome member to provide additional air for the combustion of gases passing vertically upward within the exhaust conduit and between the exhaust conduit and the said dome member.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: g

1. A liquid fuel burner comprising a portable frame support, a fuel receptacle on said support, a combustion chamber disposed laterally of and in spaced relation with respect to said receptacle on said frame support, said combustion chamber having a top outlet opening, means providing communication between the receptacle and the combustion chamber so as to provide a common liquid level in the fuel receptacle and the combustion chamber whereby combustion occurs on the free surface of the liquid fuel in the combustion chamber, primary air intake means including means for controlling the quantity of air in communication with-said combustion chamber, an after-combustion chamber, in the shape of a dome, disposed above and in communication with said combustion chamber, an exhaust conduit surrounding and extending above said after-combustion chamber, means forming an outlet in the upper portion of said after-combustion chamber, means providing a secondary air intake communicating with the interior of said after-combustion chamber, an annular bowl for receiving additional liquid fuel disposed around the outlet of said after-combustion chamber, the air controlling means constituting a valve for regulating the quantity of air passing through said combustion chamber and having a depending curved screen, the side edges of which are directed outwardly so that primary air is compelled to perform a rotary movement outwardly prior to passing around the edges of the screen into the remainder of the combustion chamber and the said dome, said dome including a bottom edge supported in spaced relation above the said outlet opening of the combustion chamber, the disposition of the dome with respect to the combustion chamber and exhaust conduit providing free passage outside the dome between the said lower edge of the after-combustion chamber and the exhaust conduit.

2. A liquid fuel burner including a liquid fuel burner support comprising a portable stand including a base and laterally spaced upwardly extending handle means, a fuel receptacle supported by said base, a vertically disposed combustion chamber supported by said base in laterally spaced relation with respect to said fuel receptacle, means providing communication between the receptacle and the combustion chamber to provide a common liquid level therein and combustion occurring on the free surface of the liquid in the combustion chamber, a lateral extension of the combustion chamber including a top wall having an orifice therein, said orifice constituting a preliminary air intake opening, regulating means associated with said orifice to controllably govern the quantity of air entering the same, a screen depending within said extension and said screen being curved in cross section with the apex of the curve defining the cross section disposed closer to the axis of the combustion chamber than the end edges of the screen whereby primary air is compelled to perform a rotary movement outwardly to pass around the edges into the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber being open at the top and a ring member having a first laterally directed annular flange and a vertically disposed flange extending vertically of the said lateral flange, said ring member being carried by said combustion chamber and surrounding the opening thereof, a second stand supported by said laterally directed flange inwardly of said vertical flange, a dome member constituting an after-combustion chamber carried by said second stand and including a lower edge supported in spaced relation above said lateral flange, an outlet oriflce in'the top of said after-combustion chamber, an annular priming cup surrounding said orifice, an exhaust conduit supported by said vertically disposed flange of said ring member and of a greater diameter than said dome member in at least the area adjacent the dome member and extending vertically above said dome member, said laterally directed flange of the ring member having openings therein constituting secondary air intake means, and said exhaust conduit having openings in the wall thereof in the area adjacent said dome member to provide additional air for the combustion of gases passing vertically upward within the exhaust conduit and between the exhaust conduit and the said dome member.

References Cited in the flle of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,222,346 Adams Apr. 10, 1917 1,503,066 Shikora July 29, 1924 1,963,995 Journey June 26, 1934 2,017,275 Christensen Oct. 15, 1935 2,028,327 Harmon Jan. 21, 1936 2,120,291 Morin June 14, 1938 2,311,570 Pyle Feb. 16, 1943 2,452,310 Lindsay Oct. 26, 1948

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