US2480911A

US2480911A - Liquid fuel burner

Info

Publication number: US2480911A
Application number: US580435A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ralph W Delancey
Original assignee: Miller Co
Current assignee: Miller Co
Priority date: 1945-03-01
Filing date: 1945-03-01
Publication date: 1949-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 1966-09-06

Description

Patented Sept. 6, 1949 LIQUID FUEL BURNER Ralph W. DeLancey, Meriden, Conn, assignor to' The Miller Company, Meriden, Conn, a corporation of Connecticut ,LApplication March 1, 1945, Serial No. 580,435

The present invention relates to c ombustion apparatus, and is more particularly directed toward liquid fuel burners employing a vaporizing pot type burner;

A common and well pot type burner employs a sheet metal vaporizer into which the-liquid fuel flows and a perforated wall through which air passes, either under forced or natural draft, 'to provide air for mixture with fuel vapors and the combustion of the fuel. In burnersof this type the walls are thin so that jet directional control is unsatisfactory; There is also "a tendency especially with fuels with substantial carbonaceous residues for such residues to accumulate.

It is an object of this present invention to improve this general class of pot burners in such a way that they are able to more completely dispose of carbonaceous residues than heretofore.

The present invention contemplates the emknown form of vaporizing 5 Claims. (01. 158-91) in a thermally controlled metering valve and through the walls so as to direct air jets downwardly into the bottom of the pot. In normal operation of the burner these sloping air holes may be closed and the air enters into the combustion chamber through the holes in a perforated sleeve above the pot.

According to the present invention means are provided whereby the air supply to the holes in the perforated sleeve can be cut off and all the air entering the interior of the burner be sent down through the downwardly extending holes in the pot walls. This action takes place at the time when the fuel control mechanism for supplying fuel to ,the burner is turned off at the end of a high fire operation or soon thereafter. The liquid'fuel. remaining in the pot along with carbonaceous residues and the pot are hotbecause of the high fire operation. The draft, either natural or artificial, causes strong, hot air jets to be formed by the air coming in through the inclined holes so that heated air and flame may be available to burn away the carbonaceous residues.

The accompanying drawings show, for purposes of illustrating the present invention, several embodiments in which the invention may take form, it being understood that the drawings are illustrative of the invention rather than limiting the same.

In these drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectional view, somewhat diagrammatic, illustrating a form of construction employthermally controlled'baflie for controlling the air flowing into the burnem'zthe parts being shown in full lines in position for high fire operation and in dotted lines in position when the burner 'is not operating or is at pilot or on low fire;'

Figure 2 is a fragmentary view illustrating the baflle in the latterpositio'n;

' Figure 3 illustrates a modified form of construction with parts in the same position as FigureZ; and I Figure 4 illustrates a form of construction emplaying electrical controls.

In Figure 1' the room thermostat l0 controls the circuit for metering valve H having a metering valve stem 1 2 operated by a' thermostat l3 under the control of a' heater l4. A second heater I5 in parallel with the heater l4 actuates a bimetallicthermostat IS; The oil line I! from the metering valve is adapted to, deliver fuel to the pot l8;-of the burner. This pot-is preferably made of cast iron and hasdownwardly and inwardly slopingdrillings l9; Above the pot I8 is a perforated sleevelllof usual construction. In the drawings a natural draft burner is indicated, the air supply coming through a housin 2| which surrounds the pot and perforated sleeve.

A bafiie ring 22 is carried above the pot l8 and has a flanged portion 23 adapted to rest on the top of the potand closeoif the holes l9. This ring 22 is connected through rods 24- with a spider ring 25. A lever 26 pivoted at '21 and provided with a counterweight Zilextends from the center of the spider 25 to the plunger-29 adapted-to be operated by the thermal element l6;

When the room thermostat 1 0 is calling for heat the thermal elements, H! and l5 are heated and the parts in the position indicated in full lines in Figure :1. When, however, the room thermostat luis satisfied it ;ope ns the circuit, the metering valve gradually closes down and the thermal bar I6 is also bent down by the cooling of the thermostat. The latter operation causes the baffle or ring 22 to lift up away from the holes H! in the wall of the pot f8 and the ring 22 is brought against flanged rings 30 and 3| carried by the housing 2| and perforated sleeve 20, respectively, 50 as to close 013? the passage of air up to the holes or perforations in the sleeve 20.

With this change in draft conditions all the draft must pass through the holes [9. This creates strong jets of heated air, unlike the lazy air streams produced by perforations in sheet metal, and these strong jets are directed down toward the center of the bottom of the pot. This heated air will have high oxygen content and with the residual heat in the pot and the heat produced by burning the fuel it is possible to consume a great deal more of the carbonaceous residue than in pot burners in which no provision is made for getting pure air down into the bottom of the pot. Also the air jets facilitate the maintenance of the pilot flame and the complete combustion of the fuel supplied for the pilot flame.

In the modified form of construction illustrated in Figure 3 the damper ring 33 is arranged to close oh the space to the perforations in the perforated sleeve 20, but is not-arranged to close off the openings [9 so that with this construction some of the air is directed down into. the bottom of the pot at all times.

The arrangement shown in Figure 4 is the same as that shown in Figures 1 and 2 so far as the burner itself is concerned and the same reference characters are. applied; Here the fuel supply is under the control of a solenoid valve 40 and the lever 26 is under: the control of a solenoid 4|. r 1

It will also be understood that the sequence of operations according to which the draft conditions are changed when going: from high'fire operation to pilot canbe efiected manually when a manual control metering valve is employedv Since it is obvious that the invention may be embodied in other forms and constructions within the scope of the claims, I wish it to be understood that the particular forms shown are but a few of these forms, and various modifications and changes being. possible, I do not otherwise limit myself in any way with respect thereto.

What is claimed is: V

1. Combustion apparatus comprising a burner of the vaporizing pot type adapted for intermittent high fire operation and having two vertically separated groups of spaced apart inlet air openings in the side wall thereof, the lowest group of openings sloping downwardly and inwardly and when open directing air jets toward the burner bottom, fuel supply and regulating mechanism for controlling the flow of liquid fuel to the burner, and air control means operating concurrently with the fuel regulatingmechanism for shutting oil the air supply to the lowest group of openings and opening thefu'pper openings to the air supply when the fuel flow is regulated for high fire and for opening the lowest group of openings and shutting off the upper openings when the firing rate-is reduced so that hot air jets may be directed toward the residue in the vaporizer after reduction of fuel supply.

2. Apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the fuel regulating meansinclud'es a metering valve having an electrically heated thermostatic operator,

4 and the air control means Includes a similar operator.

3. Apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the fuel regulating means and the air control means include solenoids in parallel with one another.

4. Combustion apparatus comprising a burner of the vaporizing pot type having an annular side wall adapted for intermittent high fire operation and having two vertically separated groups of spaced apart inlet air openings in the aforesaid side wall thereof, the lowest group of openings sloping downwardly and inwardly and when open directing air jets toward the burner bottom, fuel supply means, an air chest communicating with all the openings and forming the sole source of air for combustion, and a ballle ring in the air chest and movable between two positions to direct air through the lowest group of openings only when in one position or through the upper openings only when in the other position. r I

5. Combustion apparatus comprising-a vaporizing pot burner having a burner bowl with an annular wall of substantial thickness and which has annularly disposed inwardly'and downwardly inclined holes extending therethrough, a sheet metal sleeve extending upwardly from the bowl, an air chest forminghousing about the sleeve and burner bowl, the sleeve having perforations at various levels for-supplying air from the air REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent;

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,754,573 Ruegsegger Apr. 15, 1930 2,200,861 Peoples May 14, 1940 2,214,664 Donley Sept. 10, 1940 2,214,670 Gilmore et a1 Sept. 10, 1940 2,214,693 Grotenhuis Sept. 10, 1940 2,290,544 DeLancey July 21, 1942 2,313,568 Miller Mar. 9, 1943 2,329,292 Perry Sept. 14, 1943 2,337,088 Donley Dec. 21, 1943 2,357,587 Hammell Sept. 5, 1944 2,363,192 Miller Nov. 21, 1944 2,364,591 Stoughton et al.' Dec. 5, 1945 2,390,059 DeLancey Dec. 4, 1945