US2629693A - Lubricating composition - Google Patents

Lubricating composition Download PDF

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Publication number
US2629693A
US2629693A US758430A US75843047A US2629693A US 2629693 A US2629693 A US 2629693A US 758430 A US758430 A US 758430A US 75843047 A US75843047 A US 75843047A US 2629693 A US2629693 A US 2629693A
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United States
Prior art keywords
oil
ash
acid
lubricants
weight
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US758430A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert C Barton
Roland F Bergstrom
Jacobus M Plantfeber
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Shell Development Co
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Shell Development Co
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Application filed by Shell Development Co filed Critical Shell Development Co
Priority to US758430A priority Critical patent/US2629693A/en
Priority to GB16784/48A priority patent/GB677325A/en
Priority to NL141225A priority patent/NL71395C/xx
Priority to FR968596D priority patent/FR968596A/fr
Priority to DEP30557A priority patent/DE875556C/de
Priority to NL172608A priority patent/NL77062C/xx
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Publication of US2629693A publication Critical patent/US2629693A/en
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
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Definitions

  • This invention relates to compounded lubricating compositions, suitable for use in substantially all types of industrial equipment, and particularly in engines operating under adverse conditions. Specifically, this invention pertains to engine lubricants compounded with ash-forming improving agents in amounts above .a critical lower limit so as to impart to said lubricants outstanding lubricating properties.
  • Lubricating oils under such conditions tend to oxidize rapidly and form corrosive bodies and carbonaceous materials which cause scratching or scufling of movable metal parts, sticking of valves, piston rings and the like.
  • a condition which may accentuate and accelerate-deterioration of lubricants is the presence of small amounts of moisture existing or formed in lubricants, or blowby vapors from fuel (especially if they are high sulfur fuels) which enter the lubricating system and form harmful deterioration products, and the like.
  • Lacquer formations are generally attributed to oil oxidation and are hard resinous materials having a tendency to adhere on metal surfaces andform thereon a hard deposit which blisters and on chipping acts as an abrasive capable of scratching surfaces and blocking oil passages.
  • lubricants must possess so-called extreme pressure properties whereby-the lubricantby forming a film of low shear strength by chemical action or physical adsorption on the contact points, prevents metal fwelding and seizure.
  • extreme pressure agents when added in amounts to be effective generally increaseengine deposits and causewear because of their corrosive nature and activity.
  • additives have been specifically developed which have the property of inhibiting corrosion of alloyed bearings as utilized in automotive, .dieseland; aircraft engines.
  • Additives have a lso,,bee n developed which possess the property of modifying the carbonaceous matter formed by deterioration of lubricants, so as to be easily removed.
  • additives have been developed for the purpose of acting as detergents in lubricants in order to assist in the removal of soot, sludge, varnish, lacquer and the like. Detergents due to their cleaning and dispersing properties prevent the building of deleterious materials on surface and if formed assist in removing them. Still other additive agents have the properties of inhibiting wear, oxidation; impart oiliness, extreme pressure, properties, act as solubilizers and the like.
  • the art discloses the addition of dopes and improving agents to lubricants in rather very minor amounts particularly in the case of lubricants compounded with a metallic compound. This has been done apparently due to the belief that because of the pronounced activity of the additives or dopes, these latter if used in high concentrations would become contaminants rather than improving agents and therefore would act as abrasives, wear, sludge, lacquer corrosion promoters, and the like. Because of this and also because of the physical modifying effects dopes have on base lubricants, such as increased viscosity and the like, the addition of large quantities of dopes to lubricants has been frowned upon.
  • lubricants become more stable, corrosion progressively decreases, and cleanliness as well as general engine performance is improved.
  • the most efficient range for doped lubricating oils is when the additive or additives are in a concentration such that their amounts are between about 1% and about 10% by weight and preferably between about 1.0 and 4% by weight as calculated on the ash basis. With ash forming additives which have little effect on viscosity or gellation of the base lubricant, amounts exceeding 10% and even above 50% by weight ash may be used.
  • ash forming materials comprises such ingredients which if ignited per se or as an oil concentrate, will produce an ash free of carbonaceous matter. If certain metallic salts such as of sodium, calcium, etc. are present, the percentage ash may be expressed a percentage of ash as sulfate, while with zinc and aluminum the percentage of ash is expressed as percentoxide ash. This basis of calculation can be accomplished by acidifying the sample tested with dilute sulfuric acid, igniting the sample to free it of carbonaceous matter and expressing the residue as percent sulfate ash.
  • the following procedure may be followed to determine the amount of ash residue in an oil the percent by weight or volume of a dope concntra-te, which "can be further diluted or the final percent by weight of a dope in an oil.
  • the above issubstantially the method described in the ASTM (ES-43) or 1945.
  • this invention relates to improving lubricants by addition thereto of ash forming metallic detergents in amounts exceeding 1.0% by wt. calculated on the ash basin.
  • the metablic detergent salts may be represented broadly by the partial general formula -X-M, ar n -on, or
  • M is a metal or cationic portion of the salt
  • X is a part of the anionic portion of the salt to which M is linked to form the metallic salt
  • Q is an element of the group of O, S, Se and Te.
  • the metal parts in the above class of compounds may be:
  • the acid-forming part in the above class of compounds may be: Benzene sulfonic acid Toluene sulfonic acid Tri isopropyl naphthalene sulfonic acid Diphenyl sulfonic acid Polyalkyl aromatic sulfonic acid, e. g. Poly amyl naphthalene sulfonic acid Diwax benzene sulfonic acid Xylene sulfonic acid Benzene disulfonic acid Alkane sulfonic acids, e. g. amyl, octyl, nonyl, 0
  • Oil kerosene 6 light oil turbine oil mineral lubrication on heavy oil petroleum waxes e. g.: 70
  • petrolatum paraffin wax and mixtures of various hydrocarbon fractions wax sulfo salicylic acid diwax naphthalene sulfonic acidsetc.
  • Petroleum sulfonic acids are produced by treating suitable petroleum hydrocarbon fractions with sulfuric acid.
  • sulfuric acid For example, a turbine oil having a Saybolt universal viscosity at F. of from about 400 to 540 seconds is treated with fuming sulfuric acid, preferably in small increments.
  • the sludge which forms is removed and the acid-treated oil containing dissolved oil-soluble sulfuric acid is neutralized with a solution of sodium hydroxide.
  • the aqueous alkali solution is removed from the mixture and the sodium salts of petroleum sulfonic acid extracted with alcohol.
  • the alcohol layer containing the sulfonates can be removed by distillation or by any other suitable means.
  • Modifications to the above procedure can be made by removing acid sludge after the entire required amount of acid has been added. Also the sulfonic acid can be removed before neutralization rather than after as indicated above. If this is done, it is preferable to give the acid treated oil a clay treatment so as to remove inorganic esters of sulfuric acid and other impurities so as to prevent formation of inorganic salts.
  • Clays which are particularly suitable are highly adsorbent clays such as Attapulgus clay, Floridin, bentonite, bauxite, fullers earth, etc.
  • Still another modification in preparmg pure oilsoluble sulfonates is to add to the sludge free acid-treated oil a solvent such as benzol, carbon tetrachloride, and the like and to neutralize said mixture with a caustic solution.
  • the spent caustic solution is removed.
  • the solvent is distilled off, leaving a substantially pure sulfonate in oil mixture.
  • the product can be air blown and dehydrated to remove impurities.
  • sulionating a mineral oil alone a small amount of waxy material may be added to obtain a more improved sulfonate.
  • the sulfonic acids may be formed by acidifying the neutralized sulfonate or a particularly desired salt of a sulfonic acid may be obtained by double decomposition.
  • oil-soluble organic sulfonic acids may be produced by sulfonating alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons, such as alkyl benzenes, alkyl naphthylenes, alkyl anthracenes, alkyl phenanthrenes, alkyl picenes, alkyl chripenes, alkyl diphenyls, etc., provided the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain or chains is suificient to render the resulting sulfonic acids and their salts soluble in the base. It is desirable that at last one alkly radical be relatively long, i. e.
  • an aromatic hydrocarbon suitable for the production of highly eflicient sulfonic acids by condensing chlorinated paraffin wax, alkyl chlorides such as octyl, decyl, cetyl, etc.; chlorides, fatty alcohols, long chain olefins such as may be obtained in the cracking of wax, etc., with aromatic hydrocarbons by means of suitable condensing agents such as Friedel-Crafts catalysts, sulfuric acid, phosphorus pentasulfide, phosphoric acid, etc.
  • Sulfonic acids may contain substituent radicals as for example, paraffin'wax substituted naphthalene mono sulfonic acids which contain a sulfonic radical attached to one ring'of the naphthalene nucleus and a hydroxy or amino radical attached to the other ring.
  • thio phenolic derivatives of these phenolic compounds may be used as well as various reaction products thereof such as obtained by reacting phenolic compounds with: SC12, S2012, H25, ammonium hydro sulfide H2S, S, S02 and the like to form sulfide derivatives which may be represented broadly by the formula:
  • Ar is an aryl nucleus, R, is an alkyl, andalkyl radical and the like, X is O, S, Se or Te and u is an integer of from 1 to 4, and Y may be a polar radical such as listed under VII B either or both m and a: on the Ar group may be zero or an integer of 1 or 2.
  • Phenolic condensation products may also be formed by reacting products under group IX with aldehydes of the aliphatic, aromatic or cyclic type, specifically represented by formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde; furaldehyde and the like.
  • aldehydes of the aliphatic, aromatic or cyclic type, specifically represented by formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde; furaldehyde and the like.
  • the condensation reaction is carried out at rather an elevated temperature using an acid or basic catalyst.
  • Typical condensation reaction products may be formed between:
  • the following table gives typical examples of preferred normal or inner basic metallic salts which give outstanding lubricating properties when used in high concentrations so as to form a high ash, such as above 1% by Weight ash and preferably above about 1.5% and up around about 2.5% ash. Greater quantities of the salts may be used provided the addition does not increase the viscosity of the base lubricant abov that generally suitable for engine lubricating. Mixtures of these salts may be used and the percentage ash may be expressed either as percent sulfate ash, percent oxide ash or as percent ash.
  • Cation part Lithium Vanadium Sodium Bismuth Calcium Chromium Barium Molybdenum Magnesium Manganese Strontium Iron Aluminum Cobalt Tin Nickel Lead Acid part Petroleum sulfonic acid Triisopropyl naphthalene sulfonic acid Diaryl naphthalene sulfonic acid Diwax benzene sulfonic acid Diwax naphthalene sulfonic acid Benzene disulfonic acid Lauryl sulfonic acid Cetyl phenol sulfide Octyl phenol sulfide Octyl thio phenol sulfide Phenol-formaldehyde Condensation product Octyl phenol-formaldehyde condensation product, etc.
  • sults are obtained by adding to lubricants metallic detergents in amounts sufficient to form an ash of above about 1.0% and preferably above about 1.5 and 2.0% and up to above 2.5% ash or sulfate ash by weight, it is desirable under specific lubricating conditions to admix with said high ash forming metallic detergent doped lubricants minor amounts of a corrosion inhibitor and/or an anti-oxidant.
  • the corrosion inhibitors which may be used with high ash forming metallic detergents of this invention are:
  • Inhibitors I-a).-Organic amines (aromatic, aliphatic, alkylaryl, cyclic, heterocyclic amines and their mixtures) Paraphenylene diamine Alpha-naphthylamine Orthophenylene diamine Beta-naphthylamine 5-dibeta-naphthyl para phenylene diamine ZA-diamino diphenylamine Meta toluylene diamine 2-amino-1,4-naphthohydroquinone 4-amino-1,2-naphthohydroquinone 'Ihiodiphenylamine Monobenzyl para amino phenyl 2,4-diamino toluene 2,4-diamino diphenyl amine Para amino ozobenzene Octadecyl benzyl amine Beta phenylamine-alpha-naphthylamine Phenyl-a-naphthyl
  • the amines which are particularly preferre are:
  • Polycarhoxylic acids :
  • Oct'yl succinic acid alkylen'e nialonic acid Aikyl alizylene thiomalonic acid Alkyl alkylene glutaric acid Alliyi alk'y lene tartaric acid Alkyl alkylene citric acid Cyanc stearic acid Cyano palmitic acid Distearic acid sulfide a-fiexadecyl thio glycolic acid P-phenylene dithio distearic acid, etc.
  • Triphenyl phosphite Tricresyl phosphite Tributyl phosphite Tricresyl phosphate Diethyl phenylphosphinate Ethyl diphenyl phosphinate Naphthenyl phosphi-te Reaction products of substituted phenol PCla tricyclohexyl phosphite. Esters containing trivalent P, 'e. g.
  • O-nitro phenyl thio ethers O-amino phenyl'thio ethers Thio cyano ethers and thio ethers where X is 0 or s, and Y is -CNS or -NCS,
  • n is an integer of 1 to 3.
  • Particularly preferred anti-oxidants are the polyalkyl phenols in which the alkyl groups are attached at the 2,6 or 2,4,6 positions.
  • the alkyl radicals which occupy the ortho positions may be methyl, ethyl, nand isopropyl, n, iso, secondary and tertiary butyl, primary, secondary or tertiary amyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl and homologous radicals. Examples of such polyalkyl phenols are:
  • metallic detergent in amounts sufiicient to form an ash at least above about 0.8%, is generally less than 1% by weight, although greater quantities may be used. 'The preferred range is between about 0.1% and up to about 5% by weight, depending upon the oil base, concentration of the metallic detergent and condition of use.
  • Base oils may be selected from a wide variety of natural oils such as paraifinic, naphthenic and mixed base oils having a wide viscosity range, such as a minimum of at F., S. U. S. up to 250 at 210 F., S. U. S.
  • synthetic oils may be used such as polymerized olefins; copolymers of alkylene glycols and alkylene oxides; organic esters, e. g. Z-ethyl hexyl sebacate, dioctyl phthalate, trioctyl phosphate; polymeric tetra hydrofuran; polyalkyl silicon polymers, e. g. dimethyl silicon polymer, etc.
  • compositions of this invention which have been compounded in high concentrations with ash forming metallic detergents and inhibited against corrosion and/or stabilized against oxidation deterioration and found extremely effective for heavy duty lubrication.
  • the base oil used for test purposes was an SAE 30 oil having a viscosity index of 55.
  • High ash containing compositions of this invention passed the CRC tests L-l, L-2, L-3 and L-4 as described in the CRC handbook under the chapter describing engine oil tests.
  • test results of oil compositions of this invention are listed when subjected to a CRC test L-4-545, which is a 36-hour test in a Chevrolet engine using the following conditions:
  • Tns'r II A reference oil and an oil of this invention were subjected to a CRC L-l, at a water jacket tem- F. and at standard operating conditions with a fuel containing 1.06% sulfur.
  • BASIC OIL 600 SUS AT 100 F.
  • MOT-OR STOCK a (321 2 6 d't t .cmm cium 1 or salt of Salt .0: 23 butyl Bearing vise inc Petroleum Petroleum g 4 methyl Weight Piston Overall bs Sulfonate, Sultanate, phenol. Loss, Rating Rating Percent” ,Percent Percent Wt Percent mg. Sulfate 'Sull'ate Wt.
  • Composition 18 High Ash Reference oil, referred Oil to as Composition 18 1 Gravity. "A. P. I. at 00 23. 5 Flash, 0. O. 0., "F”... Fire, F Viscosity, S. S. U. at I Viscosity, S. S. U. at F Viscosity, S. S. U. at 210 F- Viscosity Index Aniline Point, "F Sulfur, percent... Insol. P. E., Mg/g. Oxide ash, percent.
  • Composition B of Composition B or this invention Reference 011 this invention All free and olezmm. Heavy deposit of sludge All free and clean.
  • lacquer and medium de osit ofhard carbon 100% clean 100 a covered with black Do.
  • lubricants the acidic materials as they formed are taken up by the alkaline reserve agent-thereby preventing sludge formation, whereas in low ash doped lubricants there is insufiicient neutralizing material capable of taking up or neutralizing the acidic decomposition materials as they are formed.
  • Increased amounts of sludge on the other hand inactivate the detergent ingredients in the lubricants or admixed with it and the entire mixture is removed as a contaminant.
  • CPR-AFD F2 ENGINE BASE OIL (55 VI MOTOR STOCK OIL) Ca petroleum sulionate, percent wt. ash; 0. 27 Sulfurized sperm oil, percent wt 3.00 Ihenyl-a-naphthylamine, percent wt. Engine Deposit in 200 hrs TEsT V Spiral test procedure (a) A test sample reservoir, a ml. separatory funnel, is filled with the oil to be tested and weighed to 0.1 gram on a beam balance. The reservoir is then placed in position with the tip of the calibrated capillary just above the opening in a feed lead tube, and the oil flow rate controlled at 0.5 gram per minute by a previously calibrated glass capillary tube,
  • a prepared spiral is slipped over the heater and-thermocouples attached to the screws on the periphery of the spiral.
  • thermocouple (variation from the average for any one thermocouple should not be more than 10 degrees).
  • condensation product 3 Improvement of lubricants doped to a high ash value is also illustrated in the Thrust Bearexpected results.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral lubricating oil; a calcium salt of petroleum sulfonic acid in an amount of from about 1% to about 4% calculated as sulfate ash and minor amounts of from 0.1% to about 1% by weight of phenyl alpha naphthylamine and 2,6 ditertiary butyl-amethyl phenol.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral lubricating oil; a calcium salt of a hydrocarbon aromatic sulfonic acid in an amount of from about 1% to about 4% calculated as sulfate ash and minor amounts of from 0.1% to about 1% by weight of an aryl amine and an alkyl phenol.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral lubrieating oil, a basic calcium salt of petroleum sulfonic acid in an amount of from about 1% to about 4% calculated as sulfate ash and minor amounts of from 0.1% to about 1% by weight of phenyl alpha naphthylamine and 2,6-ditertiary butyl-d-methyl phenol.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral lubricating oil, a basic alkaline earth metal salt of petroleum sulfonic acid in an amount of from about 1% to about 4% calculated as sulfate ash and minor amounts of from 0.1% to about 1% by weight of phenyl alpha naphthylamine and 2,6-ditertiary butyl-l-methyl phenol.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral lubricating oil, a basic alkaline earth metal salt of petroleum sulfonic acid in an amount of from about 1% to about 4% calculated as sulfate ash and minor amounts of from 0.1% to about 1% by weight of an aryl amine and an alkyl phenol.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral lubrieating oil; a calcium salt of a petroleum sulfonic acid in an amount of from about 0.8% to about 4% calculated as sulfate ash and a minor amount of from 0.1% to about 1% by weight of phenyl alpha-naphthylamine.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral oil, a metal salt of a hydrocarbon aromatic sulfonic acid in an amount of from about 0.8% to about 4% calculated on an ashbasis and a minor amount of from 0.1% to about 5% by weight of an aryl amine.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral lubrieating oil, a calcium salt of petroleum sulfonic acid in an amount of from about 0.8% to about 4% calculated as sulfate ash and minor amounts of from 0.1% to about 5% by weight of phenyl alpha-naphthylamine and sulfurized sperm oil.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral lubricating oil, a mixture of a calcium salt of petroleum sulfonic acid and a calcium salt of a condensation product of octyl phenol-formaldehyde, the mixture of said salts being in the ratio of 1:3 to 3:1, respectively, and in an amount of about 1% calculated as sulfate ash and minor amounts of from 0.1% to about 1% by weight of phenylalpha-naphthylamine and 2,6-ditertiary butyl-4- methyl phenol.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral lubricating oil, a mixture of an alkaline earth metal salt of petroleum sulfonic acid and an alkaline earth metal salt of a condensation productof octyl phenol-formaldehyde, the mixture of said salts being in the ratio of 1:3 to 3:1, respectively, and in an amount of about 1% calculated as sulfate ash and minor amounts of from 0.1% to 20 about 1% by weight of phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine and 2,6-ditertiary butyl-4-methyl phenol.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral lubrieating oil, a mixture of an alkaline earth metal salt of petroleum sulfonic acid and an alkaline earth metal salt of a condensation product of octyl phenol-formaldehyde, the mixture of said salts being present in the ratio of 1:3 to 3:1, respectively, and in an amount of about 1% calculated as sulfate ash and minor amounts of from 0.1% to about 1% by weight of an aryl amine and an alkyl phenol.
  • a finished liquid lubricating composition for use in engines operating on high sulfur fuel comprising a major amount of a mineral lubricating oil, a mixture of a calcium salt of petroleum sulfonic acid and a calcium salt of a con densation product of octyl phenol-formaldehyde, the mixture of said salts being present in the ratio of 1 :3 to 3: 1, respectively, and in an amount of about 1% calculated as sulfate ash and a minor amount of from 0.1% to about 5% by weight of phenyl-alphanaphthylamine.

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NL141225A NL71395C (de) 1947-07-01 1948-06-29
FR968596D FR968596A (fr) 1947-07-01 1948-07-01 Composition lubrifiante
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US2763617A (en) * 1953-10-29 1956-09-18 Shell Dev Lubricating oil containing dicyclopentadienyl iron and a wear inhibiting agent
US2763613A (en) * 1953-10-29 1956-09-18 Shell Dev Lubricating oil containing dicyclopentadienyl iron and an oil soluble organic divalent metal salt
US2796353A (en) * 1957-06-18 Corrosion inhibiting and fingerprint
US2808376A (en) * 1955-12-29 1957-10-01 California Research Corp Corrosion inhibited lubricant composition
US2820010A (en) * 1955-08-11 1958-01-14 Shell Dev Lubricating compositions
US2828259A (en) * 1953-04-08 1958-03-25 Petrolite Corp Corrosion inhibiting composition
US2830950A (en) * 1954-06-18 1958-04-15 Continental Oil Co Lubricating compositions
US2882227A (en) * 1954-02-23 1959-04-14 Sinclair Refining Co Corrosion prevention method and composition
US2916450A (en) * 1957-12-11 1959-12-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricating oil containing an alkaline earth metal sulfonate, a co-neutralized nonyl phenate, and a metal diamyldithiocarbamate
US2954344A (en) * 1957-12-11 1960-09-27 Exxon Research Engineering Co Heavy duty lubricating oil
US2958660A (en) * 1955-09-26 1960-11-01 Shell Oil Co Detergent and wear inhibiting mineral lubricating oil compositions
US2961405A (en) * 1956-02-17 1960-11-22 Shell Oil Co Lubricating compositions containing phosphorus compounds for lubrication of silver bearings
US3007869A (en) * 1959-06-29 1961-11-07 Exxon Research Engineering Co Improved diesel lubricants
US3065178A (en) * 1959-12-21 1962-11-20 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricating oil composition
US3135692A (en) * 1956-05-21 1964-06-02 Sinclaire Res Inc Oxidation resistant lubricant
US3146201A (en) * 1960-07-22 1964-08-25 Lubrizol Corp Lubricant composition
US3256183A (en) * 1963-07-10 1966-06-14 Lubrizol Corp Lubricant having improved oxidation resistance
US3311567A (en) * 1964-01-20 1967-03-28 Continental Oil Co Corrosion inhibitor composition containing resin aliamide
US3311565A (en) * 1962-09-21 1967-03-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Single solution decontamination treatment
US3345292A (en) * 1963-11-12 1967-10-03 Monsanto Chemicals Alkyldiaryl sulfides containing a stabilizer
US3383318A (en) * 1965-03-31 1968-05-14 Monsanto Co Fire resistant hydraulic fluids and lubricants
US3623987A (en) * 1964-06-18 1971-11-30 Costrol Ltd Functional fluids
US3779920A (en) * 1971-02-05 1973-12-18 Atlantic Richfield Co Lubricating oil composition
US3974323A (en) * 1973-11-19 1976-08-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Metal article having protective thin film coating and method of applying
US4014814A (en) * 1975-07-30 1977-03-29 Hercules Incorporated Corrosion inhibitor composition

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DE1075776B (de) * 1960-02-18 Berlin-Weißensee Wilhelm E. Müller Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmierfetten auf Mineralölbasis
GB723021A (en) * 1951-08-31 1955-02-02 Standard Oil Dev Co Improvements in or relating to corrosion inhibiting compositions
NL174660B (nl) * 1951-12-17 Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd Werkwijze voor het bereiden van natriumcitraat-dihydraat.
DE949678C (de) * 1952-01-02 1956-09-27 Standard Oil Dev Co Schmierfett
BE519671A (de) * 1952-05-06
GB779698A (en) * 1952-12-10 1957-07-24 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricant
DE949589C (de) * 1953-09-17 1956-09-20 Wakefield & Co Ltd C C Schmieroele
CN106622260B (zh) * 2016-12-09 2019-06-18 湖北工业大学 一种处理低浓度甲醛废水催化剂的制备方法及应用

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US2796353A (en) * 1957-06-18 Corrosion inhibiting and fingerprint
US2828259A (en) * 1953-04-08 1958-03-25 Petrolite Corp Corrosion inhibiting composition
US2763613A (en) * 1953-10-29 1956-09-18 Shell Dev Lubricating oil containing dicyclopentadienyl iron and an oil soluble organic divalent metal salt
US2763617A (en) * 1953-10-29 1956-09-18 Shell Dev Lubricating oil containing dicyclopentadienyl iron and a wear inhibiting agent
US2882227A (en) * 1954-02-23 1959-04-14 Sinclair Refining Co Corrosion prevention method and composition
US2830950A (en) * 1954-06-18 1958-04-15 Continental Oil Co Lubricating compositions
US2820010A (en) * 1955-08-11 1958-01-14 Shell Dev Lubricating compositions
US2958660A (en) * 1955-09-26 1960-11-01 Shell Oil Co Detergent and wear inhibiting mineral lubricating oil compositions
US2808376A (en) * 1955-12-29 1957-10-01 California Research Corp Corrosion inhibited lubricant composition
US2961405A (en) * 1956-02-17 1960-11-22 Shell Oil Co Lubricating compositions containing phosphorus compounds for lubrication of silver bearings
US3135692A (en) * 1956-05-21 1964-06-02 Sinclaire Res Inc Oxidation resistant lubricant
US2954344A (en) * 1957-12-11 1960-09-27 Exxon Research Engineering Co Heavy duty lubricating oil
US2916450A (en) * 1957-12-11 1959-12-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricating oil containing an alkaline earth metal sulfonate, a co-neutralized nonyl phenate, and a metal diamyldithiocarbamate
US3007869A (en) * 1959-06-29 1961-11-07 Exxon Research Engineering Co Improved diesel lubricants
US3065178A (en) * 1959-12-21 1962-11-20 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricating oil composition
US3146201A (en) * 1960-07-22 1964-08-25 Lubrizol Corp Lubricant composition
US3311565A (en) * 1962-09-21 1967-03-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Single solution decontamination treatment
US3256183A (en) * 1963-07-10 1966-06-14 Lubrizol Corp Lubricant having improved oxidation resistance
US3345292A (en) * 1963-11-12 1967-10-03 Monsanto Chemicals Alkyldiaryl sulfides containing a stabilizer
US3311567A (en) * 1964-01-20 1967-03-28 Continental Oil Co Corrosion inhibitor composition containing resin aliamide
US3623987A (en) * 1964-06-18 1971-11-30 Costrol Ltd Functional fluids
US3383318A (en) * 1965-03-31 1968-05-14 Monsanto Co Fire resistant hydraulic fluids and lubricants
US3527850A (en) * 1965-03-31 1970-09-08 Monsanto Co Phenyl dialkyl phosphinates
US3779920A (en) * 1971-02-05 1973-12-18 Atlantic Richfield Co Lubricating oil composition
US3974323A (en) * 1973-11-19 1976-08-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Metal article having protective thin film coating and method of applying
US4014814A (en) * 1975-07-30 1977-03-29 Hercules Incorporated Corrosion inhibitor composition

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NL77062C (de) 1955-01-15
GB677325A (en) 1952-08-13

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