US2595617A - Color television by multielement glow lamp screen - Google Patents

Color television by multielement glow lamp screen Download PDF

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US2595617A
US2595617A US60668A US6066848A US2595617A US 2595617 A US2595617 A US 2595617A US 60668 A US60668 A US 60668A US 6066848 A US6066848 A US 6066848A US 2595617 A US2595617 A US 2595617A
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gas
screen
columns
grids
passages
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Toulon Pierre Marie Gabriel
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Products & Licensing Corp
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Products & Licensing Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/10—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical
    • H04N3/12—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by switched stationary formation of lamps, photocells or light relays
    • H04N3/125—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by switched stationary formation of lamps, photocells or light relays using gas discharges, e.g. plasma
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N11/00—Colour television systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the screens made out of a very large number of elements brought together, each one of them receiving the electric impulses by which pictures are transmitted at a distance, and converting them into visual impulses whicli are to be observed on a plane wall or partition constituted by the said elements, on which the transmitted picture appears.
  • the invention mostly .concernsmthe screens intended for the high definition television, in which use must be made of a Very large number of elements.
  • rifhe new type of screen which is the object -of my invention, makes use of elements ⁇ which permit, on the one hand to receive the high definition pictures on relatively small and relatively plane surfaces, Wherefrom results .the possibility to use it even at home; the said elements being, on the other hand, .apt to be practically built by the means presently disposed of in electrical industry.
  • the elements of the screen are constituted by electrical discharge columns juxtaposed in a rarefied ionized atmosphere (called positive columns). 'Those columns are started up in synchronism with, the transmission of the electric video picture signals and are modulated by the said signals. 'They act upon the part of the element forming the surface on which appears the picture.
  • the vsaid action can ⁇ preferably be direct, and in that case the positive columns will excite a fraction, corresponding thereto in the space, of a layer of fluorescent salts or of any other substance apt to become luminous by the effect of the ⁇ said column.
  • the surface on which the picture will be observed Will then offer a smooth aspect. That action could also be indirect and have for effect the variation of the potential vapplied 4permanently to the part of the element belonging to the surface ci observation divided up (or nfrag-mentated) and which, through the effect of that variation, changes its optical characteristics and thus gives birth to a visual impulse.
  • the production of such a screen raises the questions (or problems) which are unseparable from thestarting up of those columns, of their supply, of their modulation, of their separation so as to avoid any interaction, and of the mechanical production of the tight enclosure of the apparatus wherein a low pressure must exist.
  • the invention has for object method and means permitting to solve industrially the said problems.
  • all the columns are supplied by a common compartment in which, by means of an appropriate local discharge, is created a reserve of ionized gas or vapor forming a kind of plasma and which will be hereafter designated by that expression. That gaseous reserve will fill the duty of Va common cathode.
  • the discharge Will be preferably created by a thermo-ionic cathode associated with several anodes distributed judiciously in that compartment. Some means are provided for securing a uniform distribution of plasma in that space.
  • all the electrooptical elements are connected in parallel on that compartment; they will be periodically locked and unlocked by the action of one or several individual grids permitting to the plasma to penetrate Within the element and to form a kind of an individual cathode.
  • the starting and the maintaining of the positive columns' will be controlled by another individual grid receiving the picture signal and by an individual anode receiving unidirectional voltage impulses varying progressively.
  • the conjugated actions of .those two modulating devices have for effect to control the duration of the ionic discharge (which, generally, once it is started, does not admit of being modulated by the grid potential in function of the intensity of the signal), and to thus produce a luminous'impulse the duration .of which will be proportional tothe intensity.
  • the visual impulse will be, under those conditions, function of the latter and the picture will be faithfully reproduced.
  • the screen elements will be distributed into groups, the modulation voltages will be unlocked and applied simultaneously to all' ⁇ the elements of the group; this will have for effect the operation, in the same time of all the columns of a group.
  • those columns will be insulated electrostatically by means of grids located between them and carried to suitable potentials; those grids will thus serve to exactly localize each one of the columns.
  • the sealed enclosure of a preferably flat shape, of the screen, will be protected against the atmospheric pressure, by means of partitions disposed in the cathodic compartment and by giving a mechanically resistance shape, namely an undulated one, to the support of the surface on which the picture appears.
  • a fluorescent surface and the possibility, by the choice of the coating substance, to alter the tint, makes th'at screen more particularly applicable to the color television, and the invention has for object a picture receiver in which the screen is divided up into uorescent strips offering various colours, which will be excited by columns distributed to that effect.
  • the Figure l shows a perspective View, in a very schematic and simplified way, of the ⁇ outline aspect of the screen.
  • the Figure 2 represents, in a perspective view, a mode of industrial production of the screen comprising a fluorescent surface.
  • the Figure 3 shows the details of construction of the feeding anode belonging to the plasma compartment.
  • the Figure 4 an enlarged sectional view of the screen along the plane a. of the Figure 2.
  • the Figure 5 shows the complete scanning and modulating diagram of the electro-optical elements of a screen for the colour television comprising a very much reduced number of elements.
  • the Figure 7 represents a variant of the scanning diagram permitting to reduce the wiring, and nally,
  • the Figure 8 shows a variant of the screen, based on the indirect action of the positive column on the part of the element converting the electric signals into visual impulses.
  • the screen which is the object of the invention. It is composed of a compartment 5, in which is produced the plasma supplying the positive columns; of a compartment 2, in which those columns are produced. which encloses the unlocking and modulating grids, and it will be designated as distribution compartment; and the compartment 6, whichv ends in a plane surface S on which the picture is observed, and it will be designated as the transformation compartment. All those compartments form parts of a sealed enclosure filled with a gas or a vapor at a low pressure (namely Hg vapor, hydrogen or helium).
  • a gas or a vapor at a low pressure namely Hg vapor, hydrogen or helium
  • the height of the screen has been exaggerated and, in practice, it affects a much flatter shape.
  • an electro-ionic discharge is established between the emissive (direcly heated) cathode l and an anode 3 protected by a resistance 4.
  • the said compartment contains several other anodes, such as 3 and resistances 4 which can cooperate with a single cathode.
  • That discharge creates a ionized atmosphere, called plasma, lling the whole of that compartment, which thus serves as a supply tank.
  • the distribution compartment 2 assumed to be filled with an insulating substance, offers a series of openings OI-O2, located face to face and communicating together through a channel C I, shown in dotted lines.
  • the channels or tubes CI, C2, C3, forming a first line
  • the channels C4, C5, and C6, forming a second line of the picture.
  • Two grids, Gl and G2 are disposed in each one of the channels.
  • the grid Gl is normally polarized negatively, and locks its channel. By annulling the said polarization, it is done in such a way that the said grid unlocks the channel, and the plasma penetrates into the latter and creates within a virtual cathode.
  • the modulation grid G2 receives the picture signal, and the anode A, disposed in the transformation compartment 6, receives a positive tension which varies progressively.
  • the combined action of those two tensions as explained later in connection with the Figures 5 and 6, has for effect that a discharge column, called positive columns, established itself between Ol and O2, and by crossing through the channel, penetrates into the compartment 6 wherein ⁇ it reaches the wall 6.
  • the latter is coated with a layer of a iluorescent substance which, excited by the column (this latter communicating to it a part of its energy), produces at the place of impact a luminous spot. That positive column is maintained during a determined time, by the intensity of the received signal, as will ,be explained further on, and consequently the degree of the brightness of the fluorescent point will appear, to the human eye, as a function of that signal.
  • a virtual cathode By blocking or locking up, by means of the grid Gl, the column OI O2, and by unlocking by means of an equivalent grid Gl a neighbouring element, there is created, in turn, a virtual cathode.
  • the anodic compartment By acting upon its equivalent modulation grid GZ and on its anode A there is produced a positive column, the duration of which will be proportional to the signal of the corresponding point of the line, which will be reproduced by the spot S, and so on
  • the anodic compartment will be provided with electrostatic screens (shown in dotted lines), carried to a negative tension with regard to the cathode, with this result that to each electric picture impulse will correspond on the screen a well deiined spot having very reduced dimensions.
  • the Figure 2 shows, in perspective view, the essential pieces which compose the new screen. For the clarity of the figure, it has been assumed that the pieces were not yet assembled and they have been placed the ones above the others.
  • the screen essentially comprises (Fig. 2) two glass flanges I6 and l1 separated by a small interval in which all the assembly mounting is installed.
  • the plasma tank, or cathodic supply compartment is composed of a metallic honeycomb frame comprising horizontal and longitudinal beams 6, 6', 6, and crossbeams 1, l', 1".
  • each cell of the honeycomb measure, for instance, 2 cm. by 4 cm. and 2 cm. in height.
  • the crossbeams of each largely cut out toward thetop in o rder to permit to the ionizalself may be used as a common cathode.
  • the ionization (plasma) is permanently produced thanks to the presence in each cell of an anode carried to a positive tension.
  • Those anodes themselves are made out by means of special conducting wires S, 8', 8, suitably coated, in an alternate manner, with insulating and semi-conducting layers, as will be explained in connection with the Figure 3.
  • the anodic wires 8 are maintained in the hollowing of the crossbeams by means of insulating pieces 9.
  • FIG 3 In the Figure 3 are shown, in perspective, above the honeycomb, 3 anodic wires with their support. There are also represented, in dots and dashes, the wire 8 and its supports in the position of work, assuming them in the first row.
  • the plasma tank or cathodic compartment (3 in the Figure 1) is separated from the front part (or transformation compartment 6 of the Fig. 1) by a partition with many rows of small openings in it, which represent the distribution compartment (compartment 2 of the Figure 2).
  • partition 2 On the Figure 2 that partition is assumed not to be yet mounted and it has been shown in perspective above the honeycomb 6, l.
  • That partition is in fact made out of many several insulating layers Ii), EI, I2, I3, I4, I5 between which are installed some electrodes (blocking grids and modulating grids), as well as the wiring use for feeding them.
  • the flank I5, etc. which are used for securing mechanical rigidity to the tube, pass through those insulating layers IB I5, by passing through the slots 2I and preventing the front and rear glass I'I and I6 to be crushed down the one against the other by the effect of the atmospheric pressure.
  • an accordion I8 Above those insulating layers is installed an accordion I8.
  • an accordion I8 For a better understanding of the drawing there has been represented, also in perspective, on the Figure 2, the said accordion' before assembly.
  • anodes I9 In the small lcells of that accordion are installed anodes I9, which receive a saw-tooth tension by means of a generator 23. They are obtained by depositing Vin succession on the accordion insulating layers and semiconducting layers according to the technique 'which will be described in connection with the Figure 3.
  • the accordion it- The front shutting glass plate I1 is coated on the inside with the fluorescent substance 33.
  • the Figure 4 represents, in sectional view at an enlarged scale, one half of one of the cells of the Figure 2: on the left can be seen, in section, one of the longitudinal beams 6 which pre- ,vent the two glass flanges, the front one I1 and 6 the rear one I8, to be crushed one against the other under the effect of the atmospheric pressure, and pieces one can also see, in front view in 1, one of the cross; one can easily see the insulating support 9 which keeps in place the anodic conductor 8 (shown in detail in the Figure 3).
  • One can also see, in sectional view, the insulating sheets I0, II, I2, I3, I4, I5, between which are mounted the control electrodes.
  • a nickel sheet I3, folded in accordion shape (Fig. 2), receiving the insulating and the conducting deposits I9 composing the anodes (the nickel sheet I8 is electrically insulated from the longitudinal beams 6 by an insulating sheet).
  • a fluorescent paint 33 which constitutes the fundamental element of the electric-optical transformation.
  • the Figure 5 is a general diagram of the electrical connections, which permits to understand the working of the apparatus, and more especially the function of the distribution compartment (2, in the Figure l).
  • the very short radio Waves which carry the television are collected, as is usual, by a receiver 38 which amplifies and detects (rectified) the signals. Those latter then pass in through a selecting device 39, which separates the video impulses from the end-of-line-signals and from the end-of-picture-si'gnals.
  • the video impulses are amplified again in 40, and they serve to feed a distributing device 36, called high speed device.
  • the said device comprises at the inlet a single circuit (common channel) and it comprises at the outlet as many circuits (multiple channels) as there are of vertica1 lines in the televised picture (29, 30, 3i, 32, 33, 34).
  • the end-of-line signals are used also for synchronizing three relaxators (frame 91), giving saw-tooth tensions, the function of which will be explained later.
  • the end-ofpicture signals serve to secure the synchronism of a, distributing device 46, shown also symbolically by a brush driven by a small synchronous motor 28.
  • the screen comprised three horizontal lines, each of which having only 3 points; it has been assumed that the screen was intended for the colour television and that this latter was obtained by means of two colours only, red and blue. It is fully obvious that, in the practice, the number of lines will really be much larger (a thousand or so, for instance), and that the number of points of each line will also be very high (of the order of 1200). In general also, use will be made of a trichrome system, but this does not change anything in the explanation of principle which will be given.
  • dotted lines have been shown the individual columns in which takes place the control of the passage of the ionized plasma.
  • the rear of the screen is composed of the cathodic compartment 5, a vast enclosure of flat shape, evacuated and lled with an ionizable gas (or vapor). On that enclosure open out the many alined channels 56, 51-56', 51-56", 51- etc. composing the rst picture line.
  • the second line is in the same way composed of other channels, to which has been given in the figure the index 1 (561, 511- 5SH, 51'1, etc. which receives the index 2.
  • the channels 56 are intended for the reproduction of the red colour, the channels 51 for the reproduction of the blue.
  • each one of the said channels are installed in succession a first grid (a modulating one or 12) and a second grid (a blocking grid 1
  • Each one of the grids has received a designation comprising asterics for the various channels of each line and an index for identifying each one of the lines.
  • each anode 3, 3', etc. is connected by a resistance 4, 4', etc. to a direct current distribution B. All the anodes located in the central part of the screen are connected (each one through a resistance) to a, common channel or line 43. All the anodes located in the right part of the screen are similarly connected (each one through a resistance) to a common line 44. There is applied, in turn, to each one of the said lines, 42, 43, 44, a progressively increasing tension of sawtooth shape, the duty of that tension is to cause,
  • a saw-tooth tension is, for instance, obtained in a classical way, by the use of a thyratron which discharges suddenly a condenser, this latter being progressively recharged through a large resistance.
  • the grid is carried to a negative potential, and that permits the condenser to be progressively charged.
  • the thyratron grid By carrying the thyratron grid to an alternating voltage, the amplitude and the absolute value of which with regard to the cathode of the thyratron are suitably chosen, the tube is caused for a certain time to be insulating, at each period of the control voltage and for a certain time the tube is caused to be conducting; then, for another time interval the tube is caused to be insulating; and thus is obtained one of the curves shown in the rectangle 91.
  • the first modulation grids (10--12, etc. of all the elements corresponding to one same vertical line are connected together: thus the grids 10, 12, 101, 121, 102, 122, are connected to the first conductor 29.
  • the grids 10', 12', 101, 122 are connected to the second conductor 30.
  • the same disposition applies to the grids 10", etc. which are connected to the third conductor 3
  • connection is effected periodically, at each revolution of the main brush of the high speed commutator.
  • the voltage distributed by the main brush maintains itself on each conductor for an appreciable time, thanks to the condensers 45, till an auxiliary brush connected to the "mass (or grounded) comes to discharge the condenser just before a new passage of the main brush.
  • a scanning device herein shown in the shape of a rotary mechanical commutator 46.
  • the grids of several tubes disposed on a same common horizontal line are connected together to one of the fixed studs of a rotary commutator.
  • ' which correspond to the red points of the rst third part of the rst line, are connected to the following stud 15.
  • the blocking grids 1l and 1I"' corresponding to the red points of the second third part of the first line are connected to the following stud 15.
  • the blocking grids 1l and 1I"" cf the third section of the first line are connected to the following stud 16.
  • the following line (second line of the picture), is, on the contrary, connected to the blue points (so as to preferably effect an interlacing of the colours): the second blocking grids 131, 131 (blue), of the first third of the second line, are connected to the following stud 11.
  • the same connections go on for the other grids of the second line of the picture on the studs 18, 19.
  • the blocking grids (112, 112) which correspond to the red points of the third picture line are similarly connected to the following studs BEI, 8l, 82, etc.
  • the scanning is continued with he following studs 83 to 90, that permits to eect a second scanning of the picture with complementary colours.
  • Each one of the commutator studs of the rotary commutator is normally carried to a negative voltage (thanks to a large individual resistance S5 and to a polarizing battery 99).
  • the commutator brush 45 has for effect to momentarily carry each group of grids to a positive tension during a certain time interval. It is during that interval that the discharge can extend into the corresponding channels. That brush is driven by a motor 28, synchronized on the end-of-line impulses.
  • mean value of the brightness supplied (or of the current delivered by the anode) is a function of the negative tension applied to the control electrode; thus is obtained, by the means described, the intensity of the point to be reproduced.
  • the Figure 6 represents, as a function of the time, the voltages in the various circuits and permits to understand the working of the system.
  • V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, Vs, Vi, Vz, etc. the successive values of the tension of the video signal coming in from the amplifier 40 and reaching the high speed distributor 36. That distributor has for effect to apply those successive values of the tension, respectively to the conductors (vertical conductors of the screen)v 29, 33, 3
  • the second line of the Figure 6 the potential applied in the course of time by the conductor 29 to the grid 1G.
  • the three following curves represent the potential 'applied respectively to the blocking grids 1I-1I' simultaneously, 1l-1l, simultaneously, and 1I-1I"' simultaneously.
  • the anodes of the two first channels (on the left) correspond to the saw-tooth voltage V42
  • the anodes of the two next channels (in the middle) correspond to the saw-tooth voltage V43
  • the anodes of the two last channels (on the right) to the saw-tooth voltage V44.
  • the amount of light supplied by the uorescent tube corresponds appreciably to the surface of the cross-hatched part in each of the cases; thus the third point of the line (V3 being small) will give a bright light, while, on the contrary, the sixth point (Ve being very large) will give a very low amount of light.
  • the curves of the Figure 4 show how it has been possible to successfully reproduce the first line of the televised picture.
  • the invention relates moreover also to an improvement and a simplification of the wiring
  • the number of the conductors to provide for feeding the blocking grids is extremely high (3 times the number of lines for each one of the colour: i.e. 9,000), and that is a various difliculty.
  • the grids of each rank of a large number ⁇ of channels are connected together so ⁇ as to compose some groups, and it is simultaneously acted upon the potential of the said groups of each rank for effecting the scanning.
  • the Figure 7 shows the principle of that scanning.
  • all the points of the screen have been assumed to be placed along one line only, but that does not change in any way the principle hereby exposed.
  • the cathode I, the rear cathodic chamber 5 and the individual channels in which is eiected the control of the ionisation but according to the present variant use is made, no longer of a single locking grid, but of two grids in cascade (
  • 00, etc. .of the successive channels are connected in turn to the 6 studs:
  • 13 are connected by groups, the number of the channel composing each group is equal to one half of the number of the studs of the rst commutator
  • Each one of the said groups, is connected to the studs of the second commutator
  • 32 carries momentarily the corresponding stud to a positive voltage, supplied by the battery
  • the grids of the second group are thus unlocked in the same time as the ones of the first group, but this is not an inconvenience, since none of the upper grids of the channels of the rst group runs the risk to be unlocked, the brush of the commutator
  • active channels i. e. 8,192 elements.
  • a trichrome process of television that corresponds to a picture having a number of lines equal to:
  • the Figure 8 represents the principle of that process: as previously shown in 5 the anodic compartment and in 2 the wall perforated with holes open, to the modulation channels.
  • the grids (or the grid) GB which effect the scanning, and the modulating grid GM which controls the ilux.
  • each channel is disposed the anode Il'll, connected through a resistance H5 to the supply voltage
  • 11 thus receives an electrostatical tension, the mean value of which is a function of the modulation.
  • 18 permits to cause the variation of the amount of light received from the outside or transmitted through the element
  • the amount of diffused light is a function of the modulation applied to the tube object of the invention, which serves then as a distributing and modulating device (Without creating by itself, as above described, in connection with the preceding gures, the light by emission of a fluorescent material).
  • a reservoir of normally ionized gas in a picture reproducing system, a reservoir of normally ionized gas, a iluorescent screen, a plurality of discrete gas lled passages extending between said reservoir and said screen, said passages being supplied with gas from said reservoir, means normally maintaining gas in said passages de-ionized, and means for ionizing gas in said passages in accordance with a predetermined time sequence pattern.
  • a plurality of discrete and mutually isolated columns of ionizable gas arranged physically in parallel and in substantial juxtaposition, the ends of said columns occupying substantially a predetermined plane area, a fluorescent screen occupying said plane area and in contact with said ends of said columns, means for selectively ionizing the gas content of said columns in accordance with a predetermined time sequence pattern, ionization of the gas con tent of each one of said columns establishing uorescence in a different area of said screen adjacent the end of said each one of said columns.
  • a reservoir of ionized gas in a picture reproducing system, a reservoir of ionized gas, a plurality of discrete and mutually isolated passages for said ionized gas each of said passages communicating with said reservoir and forming a column of gas derived therefrom, the ends of said columns remote from said reservoir occupying substantially a predetermined plane area, a fluorescent screen occupying said plane area and in contact with said ends of said columns of gas, ionization of the gas content of any one of said columns establishing in an area of said fluorescent screen adjacent the end of said any one of said columns an area of fluorescence of said screen, means in each of said passages normally maintaining gas in all said columns de-ionized, and means for disabling said last named means in accordance with a predetermined time sequence pattern.
  • a reservoir of ionized gas in a picture reproducing system, a reservoir of ionized gas, a visual screen, a plurality of discrete gas filled passages extending between said reservoir and said visual screen, said passages being lled with gas from said reservoir, means normally maintaining gas in said passages de-ionized, and means for ionizing gas in said passages selectively in a predetermined time sequence, and means for illuminating a portion of said visual screen in response to ionization of gas in each of said passages.
  • said visual screen comprises a plurality of light valves.
  • a column of gas a first, a second and a third control electrode arranged in ionization controlling relation to said column of gas, means for connecting alternatively to said iirst control electrode an ionization preventing or a gas ionization enabling potential, means for applying to said second control electrode a signal potential of variable magnitude, and means for applying to said third control electrode a voltage varying in magnitude with time over a range of magnitudes adapted to establish ionization of said column of gas at times dependent on the magnitude of said signal potential, visual presentation means associated with said column and energized to provide an element of said picture in response to ionization of said column of gas.
  • a reservoir of ionizable gas means for maintaining said ionizable gas ionized, a plurality of discrete and mutually isolated columns of gas deriving from said reservoir, said columns arranged physically in rows, the ends of said columns remote from said reservoir occupying a predetermined plane area, a rst, a second and a third control electrode arranged in ionization controlling relation to each of said columns, means for connecting to said rst control electrodes simultaneously a potential adapted to prevent ionization of gas in said columns, means for connecting to said first control electrodes in predetermined time sequence a potential adapted to enable ionization of said columns, a source of video signal, means for applying to said second control electrodes in predetermined order said video signal, and means for applying saw-tooth voltages to said third control electrodes in predetermined sequence.
  • a reservoir of ionizable gas means for maintaining said ionizable gas ionized, a plurality of discrete and mutually isolated columns of gas deriving from said reservoir, said columns being arranged physically in rows, the ends of said columns remote from said reservoir occupying a predetermined plane area, a source of groups of successive video signals components, means for applying successive ones of each group of said components to diierent ones of said rows of columns to establish predetermined potentials in the gas content thereof, means normally maintaining all of said columns in de-ionized condition, means for disabling said last means in successive columns of each row successively at the termination of each of 'said groups, and means for applying to each column having a disabled means for normally maintainingv said column in de-ionized condition a substantially increasing potential, for the duration of disablement.
  • a color television system comprising a iiuorescent screen having a uorescent coating comprising a pattern of alternately different uorescent coating portions, said diierent iiuorescent coating portions providing when excited visual indications of different colors, a plurality of exciting means, one for exciting each of said coating portions, each of said exciting means comprising a discrete column of ionizable gas in contact with a coating portion and means for actuating said exciting means in a predetermined sequence, said last means comprising means for ionizing the gas in said discrete columns in said predetermined sequence.
  • a color television system comprising a iiuorescent screen having a fluorescent coating comprising a pattern of alternately different fluorescent coating portions, said diierent coating portions providing when excited visual indications of respectively different colors, a plurality of exciting means each comprising an ionizable column of gas in contact with one of said coating portions, said fluorescent coating portions being excitable each in response to ionization of its contacting column of gas, and means for ionizing said columns of gas in a predetermined sequence.
  • a picture reproducing system means for ionizing a plurality of columns of ionizable gas in sequence, each of said columns corresponding with an element of said picture, said first means comprising a rst and a second control electrode arranged to control ionization of each of said columns, a rst commutator for applying to said first electrodes of successive groups of said columns simultaneously a first control potential, a second commutator for applying to successive ones said second electrodes of each of said groups of columns a second control potential during application to said first electrodes of said first potential, each of said columns of ionizable gas being ionizable only in response to simultaneous application tov said iirst and second control electrodes thereof of said rst and second control potentials, respectively.
  • a reservoir of ionized gas in a picture reproduction system, a reservoir of ionized gas, a plurality of light valves each transferring light in correspondence with a control potential applied thereto, a plurality of discrete gas filled passages each extending between said reservoir and one of said light valves, means normally maintaining gas in said passages de-ionized, means for ionizing gas in said passages in accordance with a predetermined timing pattern, and means responsive to ionization of said gas in each of said passages for generating a control potential for application to its associated light Valve.
  • a reservoir of ionized gas in a picture reproducing system, a reservoir of ionized gas, a plurality of discrete and mutually isolated passages for said ionized gas, each of said passages communicating with said reservoir and forming a column of gas derived therefrom, the ends of said columns remote from said reservoir occupying substantially a predetermined plane area, a plurality of light valves occupying said plane area each in association with one of said passages, means responsive to ionization of gas in any of said passages for controlling its associated light valve to transfer light, discrete means associated with each of said passages for normally maintaining said gas in all said passages de-ionized, and means for disabling said last means in time sequence.
  • a reservoir of ionized gas in a picture reproducing system, a reservoir of ionized gas, a fluorescent screen, a plurality of discrete gas iilled passages extending between said reservoir and said screen, said passages being supplied with gas from said reservoir, means for enabling ionization of gas in each of said passages in sequence only, means for initiating ionization of gas in each of said columns during enablement of said ionization for a controllable portion only of the time of said enablement, a source of video signals, and means responsive to said video signals for controlling the duration of said portion.
  • a reservoir of normally ionized gas in a picture reproducing system, a reservoir of normally ionized gas, a plurality of light Valves, a plurality of discrete gas iilled passages each extending between said reservoir and one of said light valves, means normally preventing ionization of gas in said passages, said passages being supplied with gas from said reservoir, each of said light valves actuable to pass light only in the presence of ionized gas adjacent thereto, means for enabling ionization of gas in each of said passages in sequence only, means for initiating ionization of gas in each of said columns, during enablement of ionization thereof, for a controllable portion only of the time of said enablement, a source of video signals, and means responsive to said video signals for controlling the duration of said portion.
  • a reservoir of ionized gas in a picture reproducing system, a reservoir of ionized gas, a plurality of light sources, a plurality of discrete gas illed passages each extending from said reservoir substantially to one of said light sources, means normally preventing ionization oi' gas in said passages, said light sources actuable to produce light only in the presence of ionized gas adjacent thereto, means for enabling ionization of gas in said passages in sequence and each for a predetermined time, means for initiating ionization of gas in said columns during enablement of ionization, for a controllable portion only of said predetermined time, a source of video signals, and means responsive to said video signals for controlling the duration of said controllable portion.
  • a reservoir of normally ionized gas a tube communicating with said reservoir of ionized gas and containing gas, means comprising a control electrode normally maintaining the gas in said tube de-ionized, means for varying the voltage of said control electrode suiciently to enable transfer of ionization from the gas in said reservoir to the gas in said tube for a predetermined time interval, a source of signal of variable amplitude, and means responsive to said signal of variable amplitude for accomplishing transfer of ionization from the gas in said reservoir to the gas in said tube for a duration representative of the amplitude of said signal of variable amplitude.
  • a container containing gas containing gas, a plurality of passageways for said gas leading from said container, means for normally maintaining ionized the gas in said container, means for normally maintaining de-ionized the gas in said passageways, a source of control signal of variable amplitude, and means responsive to said control signal for enabling transfer of ionization of gas from the gas in said container to the gas in said passageways in sequence and in each passageway for a duration determined by the amplitude of said control signal.
  • a reservoir of normally ionized gas in a picture reproducing system, a reservoir of normally ionized gas, a Visual screen, a plurality of discrete gas filled passages each extending between said reservoir and a portion of said screen, each screen portion comprising means responsive only to ionization of gas in the passage between said reservoir and said each screen portion for providing a visual presentation, means for normally maintaining gas in said passages de-ionized, said last means comp-rising a rst control electrode in each of said passages, and means for maintaining said first control electrode in each of said passages biased negatively suiciently to prevent ionization of gas in said each of said passages.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
US60668A 1947-11-29 1948-11-18 Color television by multielement glow lamp screen Expired - Lifetime US2595617A (en)

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Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2670402A (en) * 1948-11-23 1954-02-23 Alvin M Marks Screen for producing television images
US2790845A (en) * 1953-06-30 1957-04-30 Raibourn Paul Double binary, constant luminance, color television system
US2848638A (en) * 1953-06-09 1958-08-19 Edwin W Smith Multi-display tube
US2862141A (en) * 1954-02-19 1958-11-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Color television tube
US2895079A (en) * 1955-08-15 1959-07-14 Ibm Image transmission system
US2904626A (en) * 1955-05-31 1959-09-15 Rca Corp Electrical display device
US2928894A (en) * 1955-05-31 1960-03-15 Rca Corp Electrical display device
US2967904A (en) * 1955-05-13 1961-01-10 Moore & Hall Ferro-electric electroluminescent color television display device
US3012095A (en) * 1957-04-12 1961-12-05 Tung Sol Electric Inc Electroluminescent display panel and actuating means therefor
US3021387A (en) * 1956-04-13 1962-02-13 Rca Corp Electrical display device
US3266046A (en) * 1961-01-24 1966-08-09 Le Febure Inc Electrostatic printer
US3479547A (en) * 1966-11-22 1969-11-18 Philips Corp Device having a glow-discharge indicator tube for reproducing signs and glow-discharge tube for use in such a device
US3500102A (en) * 1967-05-15 1970-03-10 Us Army Thin electron tube with electron emitters at intersections of crossed conductors
US3601531A (en) * 1968-10-08 1971-08-24 Univ Illinois Plasma display panel apparatus having multilevel stable states for variable intensity
US3654388A (en) * 1970-10-29 1972-04-04 Univ Illinois Methods and apparatus for obtaining variable intensity and multistable states in a plasma panel
US3836810A (en) * 1971-08-20 1974-09-17 Philips Corp Picture display device comprising a plurality of light producing elements
US4322656A (en) * 1978-12-20 1982-03-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Spacer mount in a gas-discharge display device
US4322657A (en) * 1978-12-20 1982-03-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gas-discharge display device
US4341976A (en) * 1980-03-05 1982-07-27 Alpha-Omega Development, Inc. Display system
US4376256A (en) * 1980-03-05 1983-03-08 Alpha-Omega Development, Inc. Segment display system
US4723171A (en) * 1984-10-10 1988-02-02 U.S. Philips Corporation Electroscopic fluid picture-display device suitable for displaying television images

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US2021010A (en) * 1927-12-28 1935-11-12 E T Cunningham Inc Persisting luminescent screen
US2110576A (en) * 1934-03-26 1938-03-08 Rca Corp Television apparatus
US2296908A (en) * 1940-12-10 1942-09-29 Crosby Everett Color television system
US2461515A (en) * 1945-07-16 1949-02-15 Arthur B Bronwell Color television system
US9315288B2 (en) * 2013-07-09 2016-04-19 Graphic Packaging International, Inc. Carton having a container and a carrier

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2021010A (en) * 1927-12-28 1935-11-12 E T Cunningham Inc Persisting luminescent screen
US2110576A (en) * 1934-03-26 1938-03-08 Rca Corp Television apparatus
US2296908A (en) * 1940-12-10 1942-09-29 Crosby Everett Color television system
US2461515A (en) * 1945-07-16 1949-02-15 Arthur B Bronwell Color television system
US9315288B2 (en) * 2013-07-09 2016-04-19 Graphic Packaging International, Inc. Carton having a container and a carrier

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2670402A (en) * 1948-11-23 1954-02-23 Alvin M Marks Screen for producing television images
US2848638A (en) * 1953-06-09 1958-08-19 Edwin W Smith Multi-display tube
US2790845A (en) * 1953-06-30 1957-04-30 Raibourn Paul Double binary, constant luminance, color television system
US2862141A (en) * 1954-02-19 1958-11-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Color television tube
US2967904A (en) * 1955-05-13 1961-01-10 Moore & Hall Ferro-electric electroluminescent color television display device
US2904626A (en) * 1955-05-31 1959-09-15 Rca Corp Electrical display device
US2928894A (en) * 1955-05-31 1960-03-15 Rca Corp Electrical display device
US2895079A (en) * 1955-08-15 1959-07-14 Ibm Image transmission system
US3021387A (en) * 1956-04-13 1962-02-13 Rca Corp Electrical display device
US3012095A (en) * 1957-04-12 1961-12-05 Tung Sol Electric Inc Electroluminescent display panel and actuating means therefor
US3266046A (en) * 1961-01-24 1966-08-09 Le Febure Inc Electrostatic printer
US3479547A (en) * 1966-11-22 1969-11-18 Philips Corp Device having a glow-discharge indicator tube for reproducing signs and glow-discharge tube for use in such a device
US3500102A (en) * 1967-05-15 1970-03-10 Us Army Thin electron tube with electron emitters at intersections of crossed conductors
US3601531A (en) * 1968-10-08 1971-08-24 Univ Illinois Plasma display panel apparatus having multilevel stable states for variable intensity
US3654388A (en) * 1970-10-29 1972-04-04 Univ Illinois Methods and apparatus for obtaining variable intensity and multistable states in a plasma panel
US3836810A (en) * 1971-08-20 1974-09-17 Philips Corp Picture display device comprising a plurality of light producing elements
US4322656A (en) * 1978-12-20 1982-03-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Spacer mount in a gas-discharge display device
US4322657A (en) * 1978-12-20 1982-03-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gas-discharge display device
US4341976A (en) * 1980-03-05 1982-07-27 Alpha-Omega Development, Inc. Display system
US4376256A (en) * 1980-03-05 1983-03-08 Alpha-Omega Development, Inc. Segment display system
US4723171A (en) * 1984-10-10 1988-02-02 U.S. Philips Corporation Electroscopic fluid picture-display device suitable for displaying television images

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