US2494053A - Photolithographic printing materials - Google Patents

Photolithographic printing materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US2494053A
US2494053A US526984A US52698444A US2494053A US 2494053 A US2494053 A US 2494053A US 526984 A US526984 A US 526984A US 52698444 A US52698444 A US 52698444A US 2494053 A US2494053 A US 2494053A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
layer
hydrolysed
ink
stencil
areas
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Expired - Lifetime
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US526984A
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English (en)
Inventor
Mitson Charles Howard
Loening Erich Eduard
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
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Publication of US2494053A publication Critical patent/US2494053A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
    • G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
    • G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N1/00—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor
    • B41N1/12—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor non-metallic other than stone, e.g. printing plates or foils comprising inorganic materials in an organic matrix
    • B41N1/14—Lithographic printing foils

Definitions

  • This invention is primarily concerned with the formation of designs in sheets to enable them to be used as the printing surfaces for greasy inks in rotary offset printing machines for oflice use, but it is also applicable to the formation of designs in other lithographie (particularly photolithographie) printing materials and in addition to the formation of designs in materials for other purposes.
  • design in this specification is used in the widest sense to include lettering, maps, pictures and any other matter normally capable of representation by black and white or other contrasting colours.
  • the stencil is superposed on a surface that has been-uniformly.hy-v drolysed and serves to protect areas of that surface while the other areas are selectively removed or lconverted to a diiferent chemical composition and thereafter the stencil is removed tov expose the protected hydrolysed areas.
  • the surface is a uniform .state of hydrolysis, that-is to say,-is hydrolysed ythroughout the Whole Working surface to a substantially uniform depth and degree of hydrolysis.
  • Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the sheet after exposure and development;
  • Fig. 3 shows the sheet after the unprotected portions of the hydrolysed layer are removed to expose the non-hydrolysed layer
  • the alkali is washed out and the sheet is coated with a layer 3 of an unhardened light-sensitive gelatine emulsion containing silver halide, that is to say, a layer in which a stencil may be formed by photography.
  • the material at this stage is shown in Figure 1.
  • the material After exposure of the layer 3 under a positive of the desired design (preferably through the layer 2) the material is subjected to the action of a tanning developer. Ihis leads to hardening of the parts on which the light has acted, and the unhardened parts of the layer 3 are removed in the usual way, leaving a stencil 4, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the stencil is dried and the areas of the layer I not protected by it are then removed. This is done with a solution of zinc chloride (60 B.), which is poured on the sheet and distributed over its surface, and
  • the areas 5 may be converted into a different chemical composition by treatment with a liquid containing a solvent for a constituent of the material presenting those areas.
  • a liquid containing a solvent for a constituent of the material presenting those areas For instance it is found that if a solution of Zinc chloride and ethyl lactate (two volumes of Zinc chloride of 55 B. and one volume of commercial ethyl lactate) is used, but the surface is only lightly rubbed with cotton wool wetted with the solution, the areas 5 undergo some chemical conversion, the nature of which is not at present understood and which may or may not involve chemical reaction, but which leaves them ink-receptive.
  • FIGs '7 and 8 An example of the use of a multi-layer sheet isillustrated in Figures '7 and 8.
  • a supporting layer l of cellulose nitrate or other ink-accepting material that either cannot be hydrolysed' or can be hydolysed only with diiculty, and itis covered with a sheet of cellulose acetate 2B or other easily hydrolysable material, this sheet then being hydolysed throughout its whole depth.
  • Figure 8 shows the material after the Whole ofthe acetate layer has been hydrolysed into a layer IB and a photographic emulsion layer 3 ⁇ has been applied. Thereafter the method may be the same as that described with reference to Figures 2 to 4.
  • the stencil itself may be formed in any suitable way and not merely in the way described inthe' example.
  • a bichromated colloid may be used instead of a silver halide emulsion, or non-tanning development of a silver halide emulsion followed by imagewise bichromat'e hardening may be used instead of tanning development.
  • any reversal process can be used, such for example as etch-bleaching with the wellknown solution containing hydrogen peroxide when a negative stencil is formed from a negative original.
  • the stencil may be hardened by a hardening agent after being. formed and before being treated further.
  • a coloured design may be: produced by treating a sheet in which the design areas are cellulose acetate and the other areas are hydrolysed cellulose acetate with the dyes known as Methyl Violet (Colour Index No. 680)y and Malachite' Green (Colour Index No. 657). If it is the hydrolysed areas that are to be coloured preferentially to areas of cellulose acetate, Cotton Blue (Colour Index 706; Schultz No. 816. second volume, 7th edition) (Hopkins and Williams Ltd), Congo Red (Colour Index No.A 370) and Chrysophenine (Colour Index No. 365) may be used. Any of these dyes may be appliedv by simply wiping an aqueous solution of the dye over the sheet.
  • the dyes known as Methyl Violet (Colour Index No. 680)y and Malachite' Green (Colour Index No. 657). If it is the hydrolysed areas that are to be coloured preferentially to areas of cellulose acetate
  • a method of forming a design in a printing sheet of an ink-receptive material which comprises uniformly hydrolyzing a surface of said sheet to render said surface ink-repellent when wet; selectively removing areas of said surface While protecting the other areas by means of a photographically produced stencil of an image superposed on the hydrolysed surface, said removal extending completely through said surface to expose ink-receptive portions below said removed areas; and thereafter removing the stencil to expose the protected hydrolysed areas.
  • a method of producing a printing surface containing a design by treating a layer of an ink-receptive substance that can be hydrolysed to be ink-repellent when Wet characterized in that areas of a surface of the layer that has been uniformly hydrolysed to be ink-repellent when Wet are selectively removed to leave exposed inkreceptive areas While the other areas are protected by a photographically produced stencil of the design, said layer being thick enough to leave a non-hydrolysed ink-receptive layer beneath the hydrolysed surface on being subjected to controlled hydrolyses, and thereafter removing the stencil to expose the protected hydrolysed areas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
US526984A 1943-03-22 1944-03-17 Photolithographic printing materials Expired - Lifetime US2494053A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4646/43A GB565752A (en) 1943-03-22 1943-03-22 Improvements relating to the formation of designs in printing and other surfaces

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2494053A true US2494053A (en) 1950-01-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US526984A Expired - Lifetime US2494053A (en) 1943-03-22 1944-03-17 Photolithographic printing materials

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US2494053A (uk)
FR (1) FR955267A (uk)
GB (1) GB565752A (uk)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2577984A (en) * 1945-11-08 1951-12-11 Warnecke Harry Walter Method of making color printing plates
US2760432A (en) * 1950-05-06 1956-08-28 Harris Seybold Co Lithographic plate and method of making it
US2829051A (en) * 1951-07-19 1958-04-01 Ciba Ltd Photographically sensitive lenticular film
US2943936A (en) * 1956-12-13 1960-07-05 Keuffel & Esser Co Cartographic material
US3003413A (en) * 1957-03-12 1961-10-10 Eastman Kodak Co Film printing plate and method of manufacture
US3053658A (en) * 1955-06-09 1962-09-11 Gestetner Ltd Photolithography
US3067034A (en) * 1957-01-22 1962-12-04 Clifford P Chapman Photographic method for producing silhouette images
US3113512A (en) * 1948-12-20 1963-12-10 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Planographic printing
US3173787A (en) * 1959-03-24 1965-03-16 Eastman Kodak Co Photosensitive element comprising a hydrophobic support, a hydrophilic layer thereonand a light-sensitive resin overcoat layer and photomechanical processes therewith
US3214274A (en) * 1960-10-19 1965-10-26 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd Manufacture of photographic materials
US3271150A (en) * 1963-04-01 1966-09-06 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic printing plate
US3278958A (en) * 1955-03-31 1966-10-18 Dick Co Ab Method of imaging a photolithographic plate and elements for use in the preparation of same
US3284197A (en) * 1961-11-06 1966-11-08 Interchem Corp Method for making lithographic plates
US3356501A (en) * 1961-01-06 1967-12-05 Koch Processes Ltd Gelatin printing plates with thermoplastic underlayer
US3877938A (en) * 1972-01-28 1975-04-15 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Etch-bleaching method
US3895946A (en) * 1971-10-18 1975-07-22 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Process for producing a lithographic printing plate
US3901706A (en) * 1972-02-07 1975-08-26 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Photo-platemaking process and apparatus therefor
US3966472A (en) * 1972-04-05 1976-06-29 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Process for producing printing plates
US4045222A (en) * 1972-01-28 1977-08-30 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Etch bleaching process

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2448861A (en) * 1945-08-23 1948-09-07 Eastman Kodak Co Cellulose ester lithographic printing process
US2548537A (en) * 1949-02-09 1951-04-10 Eastman Kodak Co Method of making cellulose ester lithographic printing plates

Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US556380A (en) * 1896-03-17 Factitious lithographic stone
US992898A (en) * 1909-03-05 1911-05-23 Arthur Payne Preparation of surfaces suitable for photo-engraving or photo-etching.
DE509010C (de) * 1929-05-16 1930-10-04 Andreas Keller Jun Verfahren zur Herstellung von Druckformen fuer Umdruckarbeiten
GB337868A (en) * 1929-08-24 1930-11-13 Humphrey Desmond Murray Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of sensitized bases for photographic purposes
GB368083A (en) * 1930-03-15 1932-03-03 Kalle & Co Ag Process for the preparation of planographic printing bases
DE599897C (de) * 1930-12-07 1934-07-11 Joachim Grassmann & Co Dr Verfahren zur Herstellung von Druckformen mittels eines auf photographischem Wege erzeugten Auswaschreliefs
US2013116A (en) * 1930-10-21 1935-09-03 Technicolor Photographic matrix
DE648333C (de) * 1934-09-01 1937-07-28 Anna Ehrenthaller Verfahren zum photomechanischen Herstellen von Flach- und Offsetdruckformen aus Cellulosehydrat- oder -aetherfilmen
DE650372C (de) * 1935-05-16 1937-09-18 Anna Ehrenthaller Verfahren zum photomechanischen Herstellen von Flach- oder Offsetdruckformen aus Cellulosehydrat- oder -aetherfilmen
US2110496A (en) * 1936-02-26 1938-03-08 Eastman Kodak Co Subbing photographic film
GB496049A (en) * 1937-04-19 1938-11-21 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Improved manufacture of light-sensitive photographic preparations
US2179245A (en) * 1937-06-16 1939-11-07 Harris Seybold Potter Co Lithographic plate and method of making same
US2276151A (en) * 1938-07-09 1942-03-10 Du Pont Photographic element having a laminated film support
US2311086A (en) * 1941-11-01 1943-02-16 Eastman Kodak Co Method of preparing photographic products from compositions containing far-hydrolyzed cellulose esters
US2312499A (en) * 1938-05-07 1943-03-02 Lierg Friedrich Planographic printing form
US2346008A (en) * 1940-07-27 1944-04-04 Eastman Kodak Co Manufacture of paper for photographic purposes

Patent Citations (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US556380A (en) * 1896-03-17 Factitious lithographic stone
US992898A (en) * 1909-03-05 1911-05-23 Arthur Payne Preparation of surfaces suitable for photo-engraving or photo-etching.
DE509010C (de) * 1929-05-16 1930-10-04 Andreas Keller Jun Verfahren zur Herstellung von Druckformen fuer Umdruckarbeiten
GB337868A (en) * 1929-08-24 1930-11-13 Humphrey Desmond Murray Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of sensitized bases for photographic purposes
GB368083A (en) * 1930-03-15 1932-03-03 Kalle & Co Ag Process for the preparation of planographic printing bases
GB385274A (en) * 1930-03-15 1932-12-22 Kalle & Co Ag Process for the preparation of printing bases
US1943486A (en) * 1930-03-15 1934-01-16 Kalle & Co Ag Planographic printing base and process of preparing it
US2013116A (en) * 1930-10-21 1935-09-03 Technicolor Photographic matrix
DE599897C (de) * 1930-12-07 1934-07-11 Joachim Grassmann & Co Dr Verfahren zur Herstellung von Druckformen mittels eines auf photographischem Wege erzeugten Auswaschreliefs
DE648333C (de) * 1934-09-01 1937-07-28 Anna Ehrenthaller Verfahren zum photomechanischen Herstellen von Flach- und Offsetdruckformen aus Cellulosehydrat- oder -aetherfilmen
DE650372C (de) * 1935-05-16 1937-09-18 Anna Ehrenthaller Verfahren zum photomechanischen Herstellen von Flach- oder Offsetdruckformen aus Cellulosehydrat- oder -aetherfilmen
US2110496A (en) * 1936-02-26 1938-03-08 Eastman Kodak Co Subbing photographic film
GB496049A (en) * 1937-04-19 1938-11-21 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Improved manufacture of light-sensitive photographic preparations
US2179245A (en) * 1937-06-16 1939-11-07 Harris Seybold Potter Co Lithographic plate and method of making same
US2312499A (en) * 1938-05-07 1943-03-02 Lierg Friedrich Planographic printing form
US2276151A (en) * 1938-07-09 1942-03-10 Du Pont Photographic element having a laminated film support
US2346008A (en) * 1940-07-27 1944-04-04 Eastman Kodak Co Manufacture of paper for photographic purposes
US2311086A (en) * 1941-11-01 1943-02-16 Eastman Kodak Co Method of preparing photographic products from compositions containing far-hydrolyzed cellulose esters

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2577984A (en) * 1945-11-08 1951-12-11 Warnecke Harry Walter Method of making color printing plates
US3113512A (en) * 1948-12-20 1963-12-10 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Planographic printing
US2760432A (en) * 1950-05-06 1956-08-28 Harris Seybold Co Lithographic plate and method of making it
US2829051A (en) * 1951-07-19 1958-04-01 Ciba Ltd Photographically sensitive lenticular film
US3278958A (en) * 1955-03-31 1966-10-18 Dick Co Ab Method of imaging a photolithographic plate and elements for use in the preparation of same
US3053658A (en) * 1955-06-09 1962-09-11 Gestetner Ltd Photolithography
US2943936A (en) * 1956-12-13 1960-07-05 Keuffel & Esser Co Cartographic material
US3067034A (en) * 1957-01-22 1962-12-04 Clifford P Chapman Photographic method for producing silhouette images
US3003413A (en) * 1957-03-12 1961-10-10 Eastman Kodak Co Film printing plate and method of manufacture
US3173787A (en) * 1959-03-24 1965-03-16 Eastman Kodak Co Photosensitive element comprising a hydrophobic support, a hydrophilic layer thereonand a light-sensitive resin overcoat layer and photomechanical processes therewith
US3214274A (en) * 1960-10-19 1965-10-26 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd Manufacture of photographic materials
US3356501A (en) * 1961-01-06 1967-12-05 Koch Processes Ltd Gelatin printing plates with thermoplastic underlayer
US3284197A (en) * 1961-11-06 1966-11-08 Interchem Corp Method for making lithographic plates
US3271150A (en) * 1963-04-01 1966-09-06 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic printing plate
US3895946A (en) * 1971-10-18 1975-07-22 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Process for producing a lithographic printing plate
US3877938A (en) * 1972-01-28 1975-04-15 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Etch-bleaching method
US4045222A (en) * 1972-01-28 1977-08-30 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Etch bleaching process
US3901706A (en) * 1972-02-07 1975-08-26 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Photo-platemaking process and apparatus therefor
US3966472A (en) * 1972-04-05 1976-06-29 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Process for producing printing plates

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB565752A (en) 1944-11-27
FR955267A (uk) 1950-01-11

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