Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
  • C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
  • C10M135/06—Esters, e.g. fats
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09F—NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; OIL DRYING AGENTS, i.e. SICCATIVES; TURPENTINE
  • C09F1/00—Obtaining purification, or chemical modification of natural resins, e.g. oleo-resins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C2603/00—Systems containing at least three condensed rings
  • C07C2603/02—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems
  • C07C2603/04—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings
  • C07C2603/22—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings containing only six-membered rings
  • C07C2603/26—Phenanthrenes; Hydrogenated phenanthrenes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
  • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
  • C10M2219/024—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of esters, e.g. fats
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
  • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
  • C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a transparent metal fabricating lubricant. More particularly it relates to cutting oils and the like comprising light colored mineral oils of lubricating grade to which are added extreme pressure agents capable of lubricating under the extreme pressures encountered in machining operations and which also have the desirable characteristics of being light colored and fairly transparent so as not to obscure the operation of the cutting tool or analogous machine element.
• metal fabricating lubricants have consisted generally of sulfurized or sulfur chloride treated mineral oils with or without sulfurized fatty oils and/or soaps and the like.
• Some cutting oils have consisted largely of fatty saponifiable oils sulfurized suitably and used alone or in combination with relatively small amounts of mineral oil in order that high sulfur content might be obtained.
• sulfurized mineral oil 'alone When sulfurized mineral oil 'alone has been employed it usually has been dark 'or black in color.
• a cutting oil using a sulfurized methyl ester of an abietic acid has been known in the prior art but has not been entirely satisfactory because during storage a certain amount of decomposition appears to occur. As a result, a precipitate forms and settles out of the. oil, carrying with it at least a large part of the sulfur.
• esters such as ethyl, propyl and isopropyl may likewise be used if desired.
• esters prepared by using the lower alcohols, particularly those. having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, are sati'sfactory.
• the methyl ester is preferred at prescut" because of its ready availability.
• the ester and sodium sulfonates are heated to about 300 F. in a vessel equipped with a means for mechanical agitation.
• the sulfur is added over a period of five minutes or the sulfur can be metered into the ester in a molten state.
• the temperature is rapidly raised to a suitable temperature, for example 350 F., and held at this temperature until the sulfur is completely reacted with the ester.
• Sulfurization temperatures may be as low as about 250 F. but temperatures of 300 F. to 400 F. are preferred.
• the temperature is quickly lowered from the rapid reaction zone by quenching with the cold mineral oil or by passage through a suitable heat exchanger.
• the base may now be mixed in a suitable concentration, preferably about 10%, with mineral oil to obtain a finished transparent cutting oil, or may be packaged and stored as a base for future finishing.
• a suitable fabricating lubricating oil will consist of '75 to 99% mineral oil to which is added 25 to 1% of the compound described above.
• the additive may be marketed commercially fOr combination with mineral oil by the customer and in such cases it will contain only a small amount of oil, for example, only that amount that was needed for quenching at the end of the sulfurization reaction.
• the oil and additive may be combined at the refinery, in which case mineral oil will normally be the principal constituent of the composition.
• the percentage composition may vary from 5 to about 99% mineral oil, depending on Whether the concentrated additive or the final oil, as actually used in metal fabrication, is being prepared.
• sulfur content may be as much as 20%, whereas it may be as low as 0.5% or less in the finished product.
• methyl ester of ab-ie'tic acid may vary from as much as 85% in the concentrate to as little as about 1% or slightly iess in the finished product. As a rule, however, at least 5% will be used.
• the metal sulfonate which is preferably the sodium mahogany sulfonate, although other oil-soluble sulfonates such as potassium, lithium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminum and zinc sulfonates may be used, will vary from as much as in the concentrate to as little as 0.2% or less in the finished product.
• oil-soluble sulfonates such as potassium, lithium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminum and zinc sulfonates may be used, will vary from as much as in the concentrate to as little as 0.2% or less in the finished product.
• the figures for the various materials used in dilute oil solution may of course vary considerably, depending in a large measure on the quantity of additive used in the final oil.
• mineral oil instead of mineral oil, lard oil and other known animal and vegetable oils maybe used to replace part or all of the mineral oil. As suggested above, however, it is generally considered desirable to avoid blackening of these oils; hence, they are preferably not added to the h'otreaction product of sulfurization.
• a suitable concentrate composition may consist essentially of 5 to 20% (or parts by weight) sulfur, 40 or 50% and up to or of a methyl abietate or hydroabietate ester such as those described above, and 2 to 15% metal sulfonate, the metal being selected from the group of metals consisting of the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, zinc, and aluminum.
• Precipitation data Material Time for Precipitation to show after blending base in a 10% concentration in mineral oil Suliurized methyl ester of abietic acid (as described without sulfonates present).
• a light colored metal fabricating composition consisting essentially of a light colored mineral base lubricating oil containin 1 to 25%, based on the total composition, of a concentrate obtained by combining light mineral oil with 5 to 20 parts by weight of sulfur, 40 to 85 parts of a C1 to C3 alkyl ester of abietic acid, and 2 to parts of a. metal sulfonate, heated to a. temperature of 300 to 400 F. until the sulfur is substantially completely reacted with the ester.
• a transparent cutting oil consisting essentially of 80 to 99% light colored mineral oil, containing to 1% of the reaction product obtained by combining 40 to 85 parts by weight of a methyl ester of abietic acid and 2 to 15 parts of a metal sulfonate, agitating said ester and sulfonate and heating the agitated mixture with 5 to 20 parts of sulfur to 300 to 400 F., and quenching with cold mineral oil.
• a lubricating composition consisting essentially of a light colored mineral base lubricating oil containing 1 to by weight of a load carry- 25 ing additive obtained by combining the following ingredients in the weight proportions indicated:
• said additive being prepared by combining and heating together said ester and sulfonate to a temperature of about 300 F., then adding said sulfur and cooking at a temperature of 300- 400 F. until sulfurization is completed, and thereafter quenching said cooked ingredients in said low cold test oil.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=24973251

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (2)

Citations (4)

• 0
  • FR FR963504D patent/FR963504A/fr not_active Expired
• 1947
  • 1947-04-05 US US739654A patent/US2480666A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1948
  • 1948-03-09 GB GB7235/48A patent/GB646187A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (4)

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