US1982662A - Lime soap grease - Google Patents

Lime soap grease Download PDF

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Publication number
US1982662A
US1982662A US412930A US41293029A US1982662A US 1982662 A US1982662 A US 1982662A US 412930 A US412930 A US 412930A US 41293029 A US41293029 A US 41293029A US 1982662 A US1982662 A US 1982662A
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Prior art keywords
grease
lime soap
soap
lime
oil
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Expired - Lifetime
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US412930A
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Walter D Hodson
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/20—Rosin acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
    • C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in grease compositions, and more particularly in such compositions composed principally oi a mineral lubricating oil and a lime soap, with .which alkali metal soaps may or may not be incorporated.
  • Anhydrous greases of this character have hitherto been regarded as unsatisfactory because the structure of the grease is readily broken down by mechanical working or by heating, with segregation or sweating oi the oil, and the original structure is not recovered when the grease is again cooled.
  • an anhydrous grease may be produced'containing lime soap as its base in whole or in part and which does not have its structure deleteriously affected by mechanical agitation orby heating and subsequent cooling.
  • anhydrous lime soap is prepared by saponiflcation of a suitable fat or fatty acid with hydrated lime in usual manner, the resulting soap being heated until substantially water-tree; for example, the temperature may be brought to as high as 250 to 300 F. Atthe same time, complete saponiflcation and uniformity of product is thereby secured.
  • the fat or fatty acid employed may be any one of those ordinarily used in grease making, in accordance with the hardness and other characteristics of the soap to be obtained.
  • the soap stock may be tallow, stearic acid, oleic acid, fish oil, lard, degras, rosin oil or the like.
  • the de-, sired soap may be madeby double decomposition from an alkali metal soap or the desired soap stock with a soluble calcium salt, the calcium soap being removed and dehydrated by heating as hereinbeiore pointed out.
  • a suitable viscous mineral oil is then incorporated in the anhydrous lime soap.
  • the mineral oil employed is selected in the usual manner in accordance'with the requirements oi the situation in which the grease is to be employed. Ordinarily, an oil of to sec. Saybolt viscosity at 100 F. is employed,- althoush lighter or heavier oils may be employed, as is customary in the manufacture of greases.
  • the proportion of the lime soap in the mixture may be, as is customary, from 5% upwardly, and ordinarily is from 10 to 25%, depending upon the characteristics desired. in the grease.
  • an organic solvent coupling agent having a boiling point in excess of 85 C. which is a solvent for or completely miscible with the oil.
  • the solvent employed is 01 the type generally designated as lacquer solvents; for example, I have. employed satisfactorily trlethanolamine, dietliyleneglycol, the alkyl ethers of ethyleneglycol and diethyleneglycol such as the monoethyl and monobutyl ethers of ethyleneglycol, the monoethylether oi! diethyleneglycol, the esters of such ethers, such as their acetates, iormates.
  • the resultinggrease has the desirable properties or such lime base greases and in addition has the advantage that it is "tabiliaed, and may be melted and congealed and thereupon returns to its original condition.
  • the proportion of the stabilizing solvent material while ordinarily not above 5%,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Description

Patented Dec. 4, W34
UNITED STATES 1,982,862 mm soar GREASE Walter-D. Hodson, Chicago, m.
No Drawing. Application Serial Deacgmber 9, 1929.
cum. (on. 87-9) The present invention relates to improvements in grease compositions, and more particularly in such compositions composed principally oi a mineral lubricating oil and a lime soap, with .which alkali metal soaps may or may not be incorporated. Anhydrous greases of this character have hitherto been regarded as unsatisfactory because the structure of the grease is readily broken down by mechanical working or by heating, with segregation or sweating oi the oil, and the original structure is not recovered when the grease is again cooled.
In accordance with the present invention, these diillculties are avoided and an anhydrous grease may be produced'containing lime soap as its base in whole or in part and which does not have its structure deleteriously affected by mechanical agitation orby heating and subsequent cooling.
In accordance with the present invention, an
anhydrous lime soap is prepared by saponiflcation of a suitable fat or fatty acid with hydrated lime in usual manner, the resulting soap being heated until substantially water-tree; for example, the temperature may be brought to as high as 250 to 300 F. Atthe same time, complete saponiflcation and uniformity of product is thereby secured.
Relatively large quantities of water may be presout during saponiflcation, as the water is subsequently completely removed. The completeness of saponiflcation and uniformity of product are therebygreatly improved. The fat or fatty acid employed may be any one of those ordinarily used in grease making, in accordance with the hardness and other characteristics of the soap to be obtained. For example, the soap stock may be tallow, stearic acid, oleic acid, fish oil, lard, degras, rosin oil or the like. Instead of saponiiying the selected soap stock with hydrated lime, the de-, sired soap may be madeby double decomposition from an alkali metal soap or the desired soap stock with a soluble calcium salt, the calcium soap being removed and dehydrated by heating as hereinbeiore pointed out.
A suitable viscous mineral oil is then incorporated in the anhydrous lime soap. The mineral oil employed is selected in the usual manner in accordance'with the requirements oi the situation in which the grease is to be employed. Ordinarily, an oil of to sec. Saybolt viscosity at 100 F. is employed,- althoush lighter or heavier oils may be employed, as is customary in the manufacture of greases. The proportion of the lime soap in the mixture may be, as is customary, from 5% upwardly, and ordinarily is from 10 to 25%, depending upon the characteristics desired. in the grease.
The product thus resulting, being anhydrous,
does not have the characteristics of typical lime soap greases. particularly as regards physical structure. The presence of suitable proportions of water secured as is customary in ordinary manufacture of lime soap greases, gives the grease its physical characteristics, but the grease product is physically unstable, tends to sweat or separate out oil on heating, and loses its structure on alternate heating and cooling. In accordance with my invention I avoid these disadvantages in the iollowing manner:
During the intermixture of the soapand the oil, I incorporate a small proportion, say up to 5% and preferably from 1 to 5%, of an organic solvent coupling agent having a boiling point in excess of 85 C. which is a solvent for or completely miscible with the oil. The solvent employed is 01 the type generally designated as lacquer solvents; for example, I have. employed satisfactorily trlethanolamine, dietliyleneglycol, the alkyl ethers of ethyleneglycol and diethyleneglycol such as the monoethyl and monobutyl ethers of ethyleneglycol, the monoethylether oi! diethyleneglycol, the esters of such ethers, such as their acetates, iormates. and the like, ethylenedichloride, and similar solvent compounds. The resultinggrease has the desirable properties or such lime base greases and in addition has the advantage that it is "tabiliaed, and may be melted and congealed and thereupon returns to its original condition. The proportion of the stabilizing solvent material, while ordinarily not above 5%,
is adJusted. to secure the desired stabilizing efiect.
Small proportions 0! water can be subsequently incorporated in the grease, for eiample, from to 1 The grease thereupon becomes thicker and less plastic and assumes a somewhat stringy ,characterb Furthermore, in use, the grease may corporated into the grease ii a mixed base grease is' desired.
I claim:
1. A lime soap grease containing a viscous mineral oil and lime soap of a fatty acid of high molecular weight and a minor proportion of a structure stabilizing oil-miscible solvent.
2. A lime soap grease containing a viscous mineral oil and lime soap and a minor proportion of triethanolamine.-
3. A lime soap grease containing a viscous mineral oil and lime soap and a minor propor- WALTER n; HODSON.
US412930A 1929-12-09 1929-12-09 Lime soap grease Expired - Lifetime US1982662A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2465961A (en) * 1945-10-24 1949-03-29 Shell Dev Grease
US2545190A (en) * 1948-09-14 1951-03-13 Shell Dev Alkali base lubricating greases
US2610113A (en) * 1949-06-14 1952-09-09 Karl A Fischer Moisture control of solidified fuel
US2858273A (en) * 1956-05-28 1958-10-28 Union Oil Co Extreme pressure lubricating grease
US2943945A (en) * 1959-05-13 1960-07-05 Eureka Chemical Company Corrosion prevention

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2465961A (en) * 1945-10-24 1949-03-29 Shell Dev Grease
US2545190A (en) * 1948-09-14 1951-03-13 Shell Dev Alkali base lubricating greases
US2610113A (en) * 1949-06-14 1952-09-09 Karl A Fischer Moisture control of solidified fuel
US2858273A (en) * 1956-05-28 1958-10-28 Union Oil Co Extreme pressure lubricating grease
US2943945A (en) * 1959-05-13 1960-07-05 Eureka Chemical Company Corrosion prevention

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