US2308992A - Method for producing washing, cleansing, bleaching, and rinsing agents containing percompounds - Google Patents

Method for producing washing, cleansing, bleaching, and rinsing agents containing percompounds Download PDF

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Publication number
US2308992A
US2308992A US232359A US23235938A US2308992A US 2308992 A US2308992 A US 2308992A US 232359 A US232359 A US 232359A US 23235938 A US23235938 A US 23235938A US 2308992 A US2308992 A US 2308992A
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United States
Prior art keywords
particles
percompounds
bleaching
cleansing
atomized
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US232359A
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English (en)
Inventor
Mertens Andreas
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
    • C11D11/02—Preparation in the form of powder by spray drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3942—Inorganic per-compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
    • C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
    • C11D9/42—Per-compounds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S159/00—Concentrating evaporators
    • Y10S159/14—Soap

Definitions

  • This invention relates to washing. cleansin bleaching and rinsing agents containing percompounds and to a process for producing the same.
  • agents of this nature containing percompounds are generally produced through a mechanical mixing operation of the various constituents. Since the individual constituents of such compositions possess different specific gravities, the various substances tend to separate from each other and to result in a deterioration of some of the compounds. which effect may prove quite undesirable at the time the detergents or cleansing agents are used for their intended purposes. Efforts have been made to overcome this difilculty and to produce a uniform product, success having been reached by atomizing solutions, suspensions or fusions of the various constituents of the detergents, in suitable spray drying equipment. Atomizing proc esses as used by prior art, however, are not suitable for the production of uniform products from compositions containing percompounds.
  • An object of the present invention is to produce granular washing, cleansing, bleaching and rinsing agents containing percompounds wherein the individual particles are homogeneous in composition and contain the percompound in a form which does not permit separation and loss of active oxygen due to such separation. Another object is to produce such agents in the form of a uniform powder of homogeneous structure and grain size. Another object is to produce powdered agents as described above in which each individual powder grain is a unit whose percentage of composition of the various ingredients approximates that of the entire composition.
  • compositions containing soaps or soap substitutes and alkaline salts No novelty is claimed for the specific combinations of the ingredients of the compositions.
  • the invention lies, rather, in the physical form of such compositions and in the process and apparatus for producing the same.
  • the compositions may contain soap, soap substitutes, foaming agents, percompounds and other substances.
  • percompounds there may be used, for aample, those which liberate oxygen from aqueous solutions of the same, such as perborates, as sodium perborate; percarbonates; perphosphates; perpyrophosphates; addition compounds of hydrogen peroxide of various solid substances and similar compounds. If necessary to suit specific conditions, stabilizers may be employed in addition to the percompounds.
  • soap other substances possessing decided washing, and cleansing action may be used.
  • Outstanding examples comprise the sodium salts of sulfuric acid esters of higher fatty alcohols, mixtures of such salts, soluble salts of methyl taurines acylated by means of higher fatty acid radicals, and like soap substitutes.
  • saponaceous materials are designated hereinafter as saponaceous materials.
  • Suitable alkaline salts for the compositions of the present invention include waterglass, sodium metasiiicate, borax, soda, phosphates such as the alkali metal orthophosphates, meta-phosphates and pyrophosphates, alkali metal salts of those organic amino-carboxylic acids which for every basic nitrogen atom possess more than one carboxyl group, and other substances.
  • phosphates such as the alkali metal orthophosphates, meta-phosphates and pyrophosphates
  • alkali metal salts of those organic amino-carboxylic acids which for every basic nitrogen atom possess more than one carboxyl group, and other substances.
  • the aforesaid suitable alkaline salts may be classified as water-soluble cleansing salts.
  • the new washing, cleansing, bleaching and rinsing agents are obtained by an atomizing-drying treatment in a single operation.
  • the constituents other than the percompounds are prepared in the form of solutions, suspensions or fusions, are atomized in a suit able tower, preferably in the presence of a gaseous current, in the form of a hollow cone.
  • the percompounds are simultaneously sprayed in a powdered form into the interior of the hollow cone formed by the atomized particles into contact with such particles.
  • a heated gas current employed to simultaneously dry the atomized liquid.
  • the conditions under which the process is carried out such for instance as the temperature of the gas current, the duration of the treatment, the circulation of gas, the pressure with which the solution is atomized and the pressure under which the powdered percompounds are sprayed are chosen in accordance with known technic.
  • the gas current for the drying operation may be conducted into contact with the atomized particles either concurrently or in a countercurrent operation.
  • the gas current may be either hot or cold.
  • other solid compounds in powdered state may be introduced with the percompound through the spray nozzle, examples of other suitable compounds being stabilization agents, disinfectants, fillers and similar substances.
  • FIG. 1 With reference to Fig. 1 there is shown in vertical section a tower l having a conical bottom I! leading to a rotary discharging device I3, an inlet conduit M for the introduction of a gaseous 3 medium as air, nitrogen, carbon dig ide, this conduit bein connected aroun an into the ....a...- m g a t n;eausesctheaatornimdliililifi.. L9-
  • th atomizing nozzle H for the most part in elevation.
  • This nozzle comprises a base portion containing an inserted element 2! having a series of spirally arranged grooves 22 communicating with the hole 26, which is connected with the orifice 28.
  • the nozzle H comprises a portion 23 which is screwed on the base portion 20. On its upper end, the portion 23 is connected with an exchangeable part 25 containing the orifice 2B. Depending upon the nature of the desired product, the cross-section of the orifice 28 may be varied by exchanging the part 25.
  • the portion 25 forms a funnel-shaped hole, of which the cone 24 of the portion 23 is a continuation.
  • the spray nozzle [9 is illustrated in vertical section.
  • This nozzle has a cylindrical base portion 29 flaring outwardly at its discharging end to form a cone shaped element.
  • a second conical element 30, shown in elevation which causes the powdered materials to pass through the nozzle and to be projected in a substantially lateral direction toward the interior of the atomized liquid in the cone Hi.
  • the distance between the two nozzles be so arranged that the powdered percompounds are projected into the upper part or near the apex of the cone of the atomized particles.
  • the nozzles need not be of necessity arranged in the upper part of the atomizing tower. They alternatively may be in the center or near the lower end of the atomizing tower, depending upon the operation of the process, that is, how the atomizing is to be effected within the tower, from top to bottom or from bottom to top.
  • aqueous solution containing approximately 43 parts of soap, 17 parts of soda and 3 parts of waterglass, all parts by weight, are atomized in the tower I0 through nozzle i1 into a coneshaped spray I 8.
  • sodium perbcrate in powdered form is blown through the nozzle l9 into the interior of the cone I8 into contact with the atomized particles therein.
  • the sodium perborate is introduced in measured quantities, which produces final products having 10% sodium perborate.
  • the individual particles of sodium perborate come in contact with the semi-moist particles, thereby forming larger particles containing each of the constituents of the whole composition.
  • the perborate particles are generally completely enclosed by the deposit of the atomized compounds.
  • the particles formed by the contact of the two operations move in countercurrent direction to a stream of hot air emerging from the apertures I5 and passing out through outlet Hi.
  • the falling particles pass apertures l5 they are substantially completely dry.
  • they may be removed in con vcntional manner.
  • the temperature in the upper half of the atomizing tower under which the atomization is effected may be satisfactorily at about C. In the lower part of the atomizing tower the temperature is progressively lower, resulting in a temperature of about 35 C. at the bottom. It desired, cold air may be introduced within the tower for more rapidly or more effectively cooling the atomized materials.
  • the cleansing composition obtained by the foregoing process comprises a uniform powder of homogeneous structure and grain size, the particles of which also possess a uniform specific gravity. Since the perborate particles are in close contact and agglomerated or agglutinated with the remaining constituents of the detergent, deterioration of the individual constituents of the powder does not occur. Another advantage in the compositions as herein produced lies in their complete freedom from dust.
  • the soap may be replaced by sulfonated fatty alcohols, alkali metal salts of fatty acids obtained by oxidation of paraflins, alkali metal salts of methyl taurines, acylated by means of higher fatty acid radicals or other soap substitutes.
  • the present inven- 'tionisnotlimitedtothespeciiiccompoimdacomof washing, cleansing, bleaching and rinsin agents of uniform constitution and comprising a saponaeeous material and an oxygen-liberating percompound bleaching agent in undecomposed form which comprises atomizing an aqueous mixture of the constituents of the composition other than the peroompound into a drying tower, in the form of a hollow cone.
  • a process for producing a detergent and bleaching composition comprising an oxygenliberating percompound, a saponaceous material and a water-soluble alkaline detergent salt which comprises atomizing an aqueous mixture of the constituents of the composition other than the peroompound into a drying tower in the form or a vertical hollow cone, spraying the percompound in the form of a powder into the interior of said cone in contact with the moist atomized particles and passing a heated current of an inert gas medium in contact with the resulting composite particles formed to quickly dry said particles thereby producing a dry granular mass.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
US232359A 1937-10-03 1938-09-29 Method for producing washing, cleansing, bleaching, and rinsing agents containing percompounds Expired - Lifetime US2308992A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH153150D DE739417C (de) 1937-10-03 1937-10-03 Pulverfoermige Perverbindungen enthaltende Waschmittel

Publications (1)

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US2308992A true US2308992A (en) 1943-01-19

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US232359A Expired - Lifetime US2308992A (en) 1937-10-03 1938-09-29 Method for producing washing, cleansing, bleaching, and rinsing agents containing percompounds

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US2308992A (xx)
BE (1) BE430021A (xx)
CH (1) CH207197A (xx)
DE (1) DE739417C (xx)
FR (1) FR842831A (xx)
GB (1) GB518576A (xx)
NL (1) NL57004C (xx)

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2579944A (en) * 1945-04-09 1951-12-25 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Process and apparatus for coating particulate material
US2706178A (en) * 1951-02-10 1955-04-12 Du Pont Preparation of hydrated perborate products
US2795556A (en) * 1954-07-26 1957-06-11 Theobald Ind Composition providing available chlorine and process of making same
US2863835A (en) * 1957-10-08 1958-12-09 Theobald Ind Perborate composition
DE1046235B (de) * 1956-01-23 1958-12-11 Sulzer Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von pulverfoermigen Waschmitteln durch Spruehtrocknung
US2876200A (en) * 1955-04-08 1959-03-03 Procter & Gamble Making perborate containing detergents
DE1058675B (de) * 1955-03-03 1959-06-04 Kurt Lindner Dr Selbsttaetige Reinigungs-, Wasch- und Waschhilfsmittel
US2897154A (en) * 1956-07-30 1959-07-28 Purex Corp Ltd Bleaching and disinfecting compositions
DE1062381B (de) * 1955-12-16 1959-07-30 Kurt Lindner Dr Selbsttaetige Reinigungs-, Wasch- und Waschhilfsmittel
US2901435A (en) * 1955-04-18 1959-08-25 Olin Mathieson Spray drying calcium hypochlorite slurry
US2909404A (en) * 1953-03-12 1959-10-20 Degussa Protection of polyamide fibers during treatment with peroxide containing bleaching or washing agents
US2925390A (en) * 1955-12-20 1960-02-16 Monsanto Chemicals Process for control of product density of spray-dried detergent compositions
US2972584A (en) * 1955-06-11 1961-02-21 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Production of granular water-soluble perborate-containing salt mixtures
US2979464A (en) * 1956-11-09 1961-04-11 Degussa Perborate granulation
US3008904A (en) * 1959-12-29 1961-11-14 Jr Benjamin M Johnson Processing of radioactive waste
US3042621A (en) * 1957-11-01 1962-07-03 Colgate Palmolive Co Detergent composition
US3042622A (en) * 1957-11-01 1962-07-03 Colgate Palmolive Co Abrasive cleaning composition
US3093590A (en) * 1956-08-08 1963-06-11 Purex Corp Ltd Trichlorocyanuric acid bleach with spray-dried base
US3112274A (en) * 1959-11-24 1963-11-26 Procter & Gamble Process for making a bleach composition
US3257324A (en) * 1955-04-20 1966-06-21 Colgate Palmolive Co Solid bleach composition and method of making and using same
US3421842A (en) * 1965-09-30 1969-01-14 Fmc Corp Process for producing effervescent perborate compounds
US3441388A (en) * 1965-12-14 1969-04-29 Fmc Corp Effervescent compounds and process for producing same
US3501408A (en) * 1966-02-26 1970-03-17 Knapsack Ag Process for the manufacture of pulverulent detergent formulations containing sodium tripolyphosphate
US3538004A (en) * 1966-03-09 1970-11-03 Knapsack Ag Process for the manufacture of detergent compositions
US3819526A (en) * 1970-12-23 1974-06-25 Philadelphia Quartz Co Coated detergent compositions
US3977988A (en) * 1974-03-23 1976-08-31 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Stabilized sodium percarbonate and process for preparing same
US4002524A (en) * 1971-09-10 1977-01-11 Aktieselskabet Niro Atomizer Method and apparatus for evaporating liquid
US4005987A (en) * 1973-10-01 1977-02-01 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Process for drying moist materials, particularly crystalline solids containing water of hydration
US4042174A (en) * 1976-06-21 1977-08-16 Vaughn Alvie G Nozzle adapter
US4064063A (en) * 1974-07-01 1977-12-20 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Process for the manufacture of spray dried detergents containing nonionic tensides
US4105827A (en) * 1973-04-20 1978-08-08 Interox Particulate peroxygen compounds coated with sodium sesquicarbonate or Na2 SO4 mNa2 CO3
US6458297B2 (en) * 1997-10-14 2002-10-01 MAGNETI MARELLI S.p.A. Method for producing pressure die-cast or injection moulded articles using salt cores

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2809150A (en) * 1951-02-26 1957-10-08 Procter & Gamble Bromate-perhydrate fixing composition
DE968415C (de) * 1953-07-03 1958-02-13 Procter & Gamble Seifenhaltiges Waschpulver mit geringer Neigung zur Klumpenbildung
DE1103500B (de) * 1959-02-28 1961-03-30 Miag Muehlenbau & Ind Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zugabe von Perborat zu aus Hohl-kuegelchen bestehendem Waschpulver
DE3833648A1 (de) * 1988-10-04 1990-04-05 Henkel Kgaa Verfahren zur herstellung teilchenfoermiger waschmittel
DE102005063064A1 (de) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-05 Henkel Kgaa Verbessertes Herstellungsverfahren für Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2579944A (en) * 1945-04-09 1951-12-25 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Process and apparatus for coating particulate material
US2706178A (en) * 1951-02-10 1955-04-12 Du Pont Preparation of hydrated perborate products
US2909404A (en) * 1953-03-12 1959-10-20 Degussa Protection of polyamide fibers during treatment with peroxide containing bleaching or washing agents
US2795556A (en) * 1954-07-26 1957-06-11 Theobald Ind Composition providing available chlorine and process of making same
DE1058675B (de) * 1955-03-03 1959-06-04 Kurt Lindner Dr Selbsttaetige Reinigungs-, Wasch- und Waschhilfsmittel
US2876200A (en) * 1955-04-08 1959-03-03 Procter & Gamble Making perborate containing detergents
US2901435A (en) * 1955-04-18 1959-08-25 Olin Mathieson Spray drying calcium hypochlorite slurry
US3257324A (en) * 1955-04-20 1966-06-21 Colgate Palmolive Co Solid bleach composition and method of making and using same
US2975142A (en) * 1955-06-11 1961-03-14 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Granular water-soluble perborate-containing salt mixture
US2972584A (en) * 1955-06-11 1961-02-21 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Production of granular water-soluble perborate-containing salt mixtures
DE1062381B (de) * 1955-12-16 1959-07-30 Kurt Lindner Dr Selbsttaetige Reinigungs-, Wasch- und Waschhilfsmittel
US2925390A (en) * 1955-12-20 1960-02-16 Monsanto Chemicals Process for control of product density of spray-dried detergent compositions
DE1046235B (de) * 1956-01-23 1958-12-11 Sulzer Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von pulverfoermigen Waschmitteln durch Spruehtrocknung
US2897154A (en) * 1956-07-30 1959-07-28 Purex Corp Ltd Bleaching and disinfecting compositions
US3093590A (en) * 1956-08-08 1963-06-11 Purex Corp Ltd Trichlorocyanuric acid bleach with spray-dried base
US2979464A (en) * 1956-11-09 1961-04-11 Degussa Perborate granulation
US2863835A (en) * 1957-10-08 1958-12-09 Theobald Ind Perborate composition
US3042621A (en) * 1957-11-01 1962-07-03 Colgate Palmolive Co Detergent composition
US3042622A (en) * 1957-11-01 1962-07-03 Colgate Palmolive Co Abrasive cleaning composition
US3112274A (en) * 1959-11-24 1963-11-26 Procter & Gamble Process for making a bleach composition
US3008904A (en) * 1959-12-29 1961-11-14 Jr Benjamin M Johnson Processing of radioactive waste
US3421842A (en) * 1965-09-30 1969-01-14 Fmc Corp Process for producing effervescent perborate compounds
US3441388A (en) * 1965-12-14 1969-04-29 Fmc Corp Effervescent compounds and process for producing same
US3501408A (en) * 1966-02-26 1970-03-17 Knapsack Ag Process for the manufacture of pulverulent detergent formulations containing sodium tripolyphosphate
US3538004A (en) * 1966-03-09 1970-11-03 Knapsack Ag Process for the manufacture of detergent compositions
US3819526A (en) * 1970-12-23 1974-06-25 Philadelphia Quartz Co Coated detergent compositions
US4002524A (en) * 1971-09-10 1977-01-11 Aktieselskabet Niro Atomizer Method and apparatus for evaporating liquid
US4105827A (en) * 1973-04-20 1978-08-08 Interox Particulate peroxygen compounds coated with sodium sesquicarbonate or Na2 SO4 mNa2 CO3
US4005987A (en) * 1973-10-01 1977-02-01 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Process for drying moist materials, particularly crystalline solids containing water of hydration
US3977988A (en) * 1974-03-23 1976-08-31 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Stabilized sodium percarbonate and process for preparing same
US4064063A (en) * 1974-07-01 1977-12-20 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Process for the manufacture of spray dried detergents containing nonionic tensides
US4042174A (en) * 1976-06-21 1977-08-16 Vaughn Alvie G Nozzle adapter
US6458297B2 (en) * 1997-10-14 2002-10-01 MAGNETI MARELLI S.p.A. Method for producing pressure die-cast or injection moulded articles using salt cores

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE430021A (xx) 1938-10-31
CH207197A (de) 1939-10-15
DE739417C (de) 1943-09-25
NL57004C (xx) 1944-10-16
GB518576A (en) 1940-03-01
FR842831A (fr) 1939-06-20

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