US2093169A - Automatic firearm, in particular machine gun - Google Patents

Automatic firearm, in particular machine gun Download PDF

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Publication number
US2093169A
US2093169A US713483A US71348334A US2093169A US 2093169 A US2093169 A US 2093169A US 713483 A US713483 A US 713483A US 71348334 A US71348334 A US 71348334A US 2093169 A US2093169 A US 2093169A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
breech block
casing
piston
unit
ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US713483A
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English (en)
Inventor
Holek Vaclav
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FIRM CESKOSLOVENSKA ZBROJOVKA
FIRM CESKOSLOVENSKA ZBROJOVKA AKCIOVA SPOLECNOST V BRNE
Original Assignee
FIRM CESKOSLOVENSKA ZBROJOVKA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FIRM CESKOSLOVENSKA ZBROJOVKA filed Critical FIRM CESKOSLOVENSKA ZBROJOVKA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2093169A publication Critical patent/US2093169A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A25/00—Gun mountings permitting recoil or return to battery, e.g. gun cradles; Barrel buffers or brakes
    • F41A25/10—Spring-operated systems
    • F41A25/12—Spring-operated systems using coil springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A11/00—Assembly or disassembly features; Modular concepts; Articulated or collapsible guns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/14—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively
    • F41A3/32—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the bolt being rocked about a notional axis transverse to the barrel axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means
    • F41A3/82—Coil spring buffers
    • F41A3/84—Coil spring buffers mounted within the gun stock
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/30—Gas- or recoil-operated, e.g. selection of gas- or recoil-operated systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41C—SMALLARMS, e.g. PISTOLS, RIFLES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • F41C23/00—Butts; Butt plates; Stocks
    • F41C23/06—Stocks or firearm frames specially adapted for recoil reduction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic rearm and more particularly to a machine gun vhich operates on the gas pressure loading priniple, that is to say a firearm in which the gases f discharge are made use of to drive the breech lock mechanism.
  • the object of the present invention is to proide a gas operated gun in which the recoil cocks caused by the firing of a shot are damped ⁇ ithin the firearm itself, without substantial aleration in the manner of construction of the rearm.
  • the gun is composed only of such parts s are found in existing gas operated guns.
  • this object attained in that the firing mechanism of the rearrn, together with the ring casing and the utt adjoining it form one unit and the breech lock casing, together with the barrel and the is pressure motor form a second unit, the secid unit being so connected for longitudinal Iovement with the first mentioned unit that the :cond unitcan perform a recoil movement when shot is red.
  • a light machine gun is illustrated in the acturn can be operated by the trigger l1.
  • Fig. 1 shows the machine gun in longitudinal section in the rest position.
  • Fig. 2 shows the machine gun in'partial longitudinal section, after a shot has been tired, with the breech block mechanism and the breech block casing occupying the rearward position.
  • Fig. 3 shows the rearm in the rest position in side elevation. 10
  • Fig. 4 shows on an enlarged scale a longitudinal section through the rear part of the breech block casing.
  • Fig. 5 is a section on line V-V of Fig. 4 as viewed from right to left.
  • Fig. 6 shows a section on line VI-VI of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 'l is a cross section on line VII-VII of Fig.
  • Fig. 8 is a section on line VII-VII of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 10 is a front elevation of the device.
  • i is the barrel, 2 the casing of the breech block mechanism ⁇ or the breech block casing", 3 is the gas junction, d is the gas pressure cylinder, and 5 .the gas pressure piston.
  • the piston rod of the gas pressure piston 5 carries the breech block mechanism which, in the present oonstructional example, consists of the breech block carrier 6 and of the breech block l which rocks towards and away from the breech block carrier.
  • 8 is the ring pin provided in the breech block and 9 is the tooth provided on the casing 2 and adapted to lock the breech block 1.
  • breech block carrier 6 In the breech block carrier 6 is provided a re- 40 cess l0 which co-operates with the tooth of the two-armed sear i2.
  • a spring I4 abuts against one arm of the sear i2 and in the other arm is provided in a known manner a recess with which co-operates the trigger bar i5, which in i6 is the switch member for setting the firearm for iring single shots and for continuous ire, as well as for safety.
  • the firing mechanism is mounted in the ring casing 20; the latter is provided with a cartridge ejection opening 22 and with a handle I8.
  • the butt 32 In the rear wall of the ring casing 20 is secured the butt 32. 33 is a spring passing through a tube in lthe butt and adapted to urge forward screwed over the end of the tube 44- also serves for securing the butt 32 to the firing casing 2li, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • 6, I'I of the firearm together with the firing casing 28 and the butt 32 secured thereto form one unit 1:.
  • 'I'he second unit y is so connected for longitudinal movement with respect to the unit a: that when a shot is fired the second unit can carry out a recoil movement.
  • 'I'he breech block casing 2 is formed with an opening 62 vparallel to its path of movement (Fig. 5).
  • the breech block casing 2 has a box shaped cross section. 'Ihe box shaped breech block casing is openx on one side at the opening 62 and the missing side of the breech block casing is formed by the ring casing 20 (Fig. 8)
  • the breech block casing is provided with guide grooves 24 and the ring casing 20 with guide projections 23.
  • the unit y is further guided with respect to the unit :c by a support separate from the guide means 23, 24. This support consists of a pin 28 on the casing 2 which passes through an elongated slot 29 in the ring casing 20.
  • the rearm is provided with an arrangement which stores energy during rearward movement of the breech block casing and liberates energy during forward movement of the breech block casing, and atthe same time acts as a shock absorber for the breech block mechanism by acting upon the breech block carrier 6.
  • a spring controlled piston 48 which is constructed with abutments 49 for the breech block casing.
  • the abutments are, in the present constructional example, formed as wings, which engage in recesses 26 in the breech block casing 2 (Figs. 4'
  • the parts 49, 26 form a coupling which operates in one direction Between the piston 48 and the breech block casing. This is of importance, since the spring loaded piston 48 has not only to serve for guiding the breech block casing 2 rearwardly but also forms a shock absorber for the breech block carrier 6.
  • the piston 48 must be able to carry out both functions independently of one another and this is only possible if there is located between the piston 48 and the breech block casing 2 a coupling which operates in one direction.
  • the piston 48 is secured against rotation by guide means 53, 54 consisting of a wing 53 which-engages in a suitable recess 54 in the casing 20.
  • the spring loaded piston 48 is hollow and the parts 34, 40 of the advancing device extend through its hollow interior 48.
  • Fig. 2 shows in one and the same figure different parts in the positions which they occupy during two consecutive phases in the cycle of operations of the firearm, namely, the position of the unit y directly after a shot has been :tired and the position of the breech block mechanism a moment later when the shot has just left the barrel.
  • 'I'he sequence of operations of these parts is as follows: When firing a shot the unit y moves rearwardly over the short distance z, with the result that the abutments 26a (Fig. 4) impinge on the wings 48 of the piston 48, move the piston 48 rearwardly and, by compressing the spring 43, charge the latter with the kinetic energy of the unit y.
  • shock absorbing spring 43 is not only charged with the kinetic energy of the breech block mechanism during the last part of the rearward movement but also with the kinetic energy of the unit y, since the breech block casing 2 is connected with the spring loaded piston 48 through the abutment 26 and the wing 49.
  • the unit y is carried forward by the shock absorbing spring 43 into the starting position.
  • the breech block mechanism is driven forward by the advancing spring 33 and its movements are regulated by the ring mechanism which can be adjusted in a known manner by means of the switch member I6 for ring single shots or for continuous fire or can be secured against tripping of the sear.
  • the breech block 'I is held fast in known manner in the rearmost position by the feed device located in the magazine 5I which protrudes in the path of movement of the breech block.
  • the breech block carrier 6 is held back in the tensioned position by the tooth of the sear I2.
  • the distance between the first cartridge of the newly inserted magazine and the front surface of the breech block 'I is increased by the forward movement of the unit y, so that, upon the subsequent pressing of the trigger I1, the breech block mechanism 8, I thus freed strikes against the first cartridge of the new magazine with greater kinetic energy.
  • This will insure an accurate and definite sliding of the cartridge out of the magazine, the sliding of the cartridge into the firing chamber, and the locking of the breech block mechanism.
  • the greater readiness in firing thus obtained results, without the addition of an auxiliary member, merely from the suitable utilization of the shock absorbing spring 43, which in known firearms is used only to nullify the recoil shock of the breech block mechanism, but is here used also to damp the movement of the unit y.
  • the assembling and dismantling of the above described rearm can be quickly and easily carried out.
  • the two casings 2 and 22 are disconnected by withdrawing the pin 28.
  • the casing 2. together with the parts of the firearm mounted on it can next be removed from the casing 20.
  • access may be had to the ring mechanism and also to the breech block mechanism.
  • the advantage of easy dismantling of the rearm is oi. considerable importance in adjusting the operation of the gunv and in replacing damaged parts. i
  • AV device according to Yclaim Zand a one-Y said device comprising a spring loaded piston
  • said device comprises a spring loaded piston having abutments for connecting said piston to the breech block mechanism and casing, and guide means for securing said piston against rotation.
  • said device comprises a spring loaded hollow piston having abutments for connecting said piston to the breech block mechanism and casing, and a rod extending through said hollow piston and engageable with the breech block mechanism to advance the latter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US713483A 1933-03-15 1934-03-01 Automatic firearm, in particular machine gun Expired - Lifetime US2093169A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB173795X 1933-03-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2093169A true US2093169A (en) 1937-09-14

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ID=10094167

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US713483A Expired - Lifetime US2093169A (en) 1933-03-15 1934-03-01 Automatic firearm, in particular machine gun

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2093169A (fr)
BE (1) BE401948A (fr)
CH (1) CH173795A (fr)
DE (1) DE623261C (fr)
FR (1) FR770081A (fr)
GB (1) GB404494A (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2418946A (en) * 1942-08-15 1947-04-15 Remington Arms Co Inc Breech bolt lock for firearms
US2423740A (en) * 1941-06-10 1947-07-08 Vesely Josef Means for assembling the body and butt of automatic firearms
US2457835A (en) * 1945-12-05 1949-01-04 Schiff Sigmund Gun bolt
US2557134A (en) * 1940-10-23 1951-06-19 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Breechblock return mechanism
US2779249A (en) * 1953-09-29 1957-01-29 Saetter-Lassen Erik Return and buffer mechanism for automatic shooting weapons
US2780146A (en) * 1954-01-18 1957-02-05 Illinois Tool Works Gear shaving
US2831404A (en) * 1952-02-28 1958-04-22 Gen Motors Corp Recoil buffer for guns
US3057100A (en) * 1947-01-09 1962-10-09 United Shoe Machinery Corp Extractor for automatic guns
US3410175A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-11-12 Olin Mathieson Recoil assembly for firearm
US4024792A (en) * 1973-05-24 1977-05-24 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Automatic shoulder arm
EP0525309A1 (fr) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-03 BENELLI ARMI S.p.A. Dispositif récupérateur de culasse pour arme à feu
US20060260460A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-11-23 Philippe Plumier Fire arm with improved salvo accuracy and device used to that end
US20110179687A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2011-07-28 Fabbrica D'armi Pietro Beretta S.P.A. Stock bolt of a firearm equipped with a damping mechanism
US9513074B1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-06 Everett McDowell Steil Firearm with interchangeable parts

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE755088C (de) * 1936-02-19 1951-05-21 Johannes Schwarz Selbstladewaffe
US7823313B2 (en) 2009-03-12 2010-11-02 Sagi Faifer Gunstock

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2557134A (en) * 1940-10-23 1951-06-19 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Breechblock return mechanism
US2423740A (en) * 1941-06-10 1947-07-08 Vesely Josef Means for assembling the body and butt of automatic firearms
US2418946A (en) * 1942-08-15 1947-04-15 Remington Arms Co Inc Breech bolt lock for firearms
US2457835A (en) * 1945-12-05 1949-01-04 Schiff Sigmund Gun bolt
US3057100A (en) * 1947-01-09 1962-10-09 United Shoe Machinery Corp Extractor for automatic guns
US2831404A (en) * 1952-02-28 1958-04-22 Gen Motors Corp Recoil buffer for guns
US2779249A (en) * 1953-09-29 1957-01-29 Saetter-Lassen Erik Return and buffer mechanism for automatic shooting weapons
US2780146A (en) * 1954-01-18 1957-02-05 Illinois Tool Works Gear shaving
US3410175A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-11-12 Olin Mathieson Recoil assembly for firearm
US4024792A (en) * 1973-05-24 1977-05-24 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Automatic shoulder arm
EP0525309A1 (fr) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-03 BENELLI ARMI S.p.A. Dispositif récupérateur de culasse pour arme à feu
US5279202A (en) * 1991-07-29 1994-01-18 Benelli Armi S.P.A. Bolt repositioning device for firearms
US20060260460A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-11-23 Philippe Plumier Fire arm with improved salvo accuracy and device used to that end
US7350452B2 (en) * 2005-01-27 2008-04-01 Fn Herstal S.A. Firearm with improved salvo accuracy and similar device for a firearm
US20110179687A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2011-07-28 Fabbrica D'armi Pietro Beretta S.P.A. Stock bolt of a firearm equipped with a damping mechanism
US8677664B2 (en) * 2008-06-27 2014-03-25 Fabbrica D'armi Pietro Beretta S.P.A. Stock bolt of a firearm equipped with a damping mechanism
US9513074B1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-06 Everett McDowell Steil Firearm with interchangeable parts
US20170067708A1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2017-03-09 Everett McDowell Steil Firearm with interchangeable parts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE401948A (fr)
CH173795A (de) 1934-12-15
FR770081A (fr) 1934-09-06
DE623261C (de) 1935-12-20
GB404494A (en) 1934-01-18

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