US2049781A - Braun tube especially for television purposes - Google Patents

Braun tube especially for television purposes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2049781A
US2049781A US660117A US66011733A US2049781A US 2049781 A US2049781 A US 2049781A US 660117 A US660117 A US 660117A US 66011733 A US66011733 A US 66011733A US 2049781 A US2049781 A US 2049781A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cathode
anode
supplied
control
electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US660117A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schlesinger Kurt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Loewe Opta GmbH
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Loewe Opta GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Loewe Opta GmbH filed Critical Loewe Opta GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/82—Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/06—Screens for shielding; Masks interposed in the electron stream
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/48—Electron guns
    • H01J29/485—Construction of the gun or of parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/48—Electron guns
    • H01J29/50—Electron guns two or more guns in a single vacuum space, e.g. for plural-ray tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/52—Arrangements for controlling intensity of ray or beam, e.g. for modulation

Definitions

  • High vacuum cathode ray tubes with grid control are already known. Tubes of this kind, however, are not capable of being employed for television and recording purposes, as the point of light resulting on the image screen possesses, owing to insufficient concentration of the ray, a relatively large diameter and blurred contours.
  • the control grid arrangements hitherto known it is not possible to obtain satisfactory results in gas-filled tubes, as in these tubes there does not take place a pure electron discharge, but an ion discharge, and the ion discharge may be controlled only in very incomplete fashion with the assistance of grid arrangements. 4
  • a further disadvantage of the known Braun tubes consists of that a comparatively high control voltage of, say, 100 to 150 volts is necessary for obtaining a complete control of the cathode ray intensity, i. e., for modulating the cathode ray intensity from zero to the maximum possible intensity.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a Braun tube wherein a gas-filling is of no influence upon the exactitude of the control of the intensity ofthe cathode ray.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a Braun tube wherein a complete control of the intensity of the cathode ray may be produced with comparatively low control voltages.
  • a Braun tube comprises a cathode, which may be preferably of the indirectly heated type, a Wehnelt cylinder surroundihg said cathode, a control electrode arranged in front of said cathode at a distance of approximately one mm. from said cathode and insulated .m said cathode by the vacuum, an apertured anode and a fluorescent screen.
  • anode and the fluorescent screen deflecting means are arranged for deflecting the cathode ray in two directions perpendicular to one another for the purpose of scanning said screen.
  • an electronoptical system for the purpose of producing sharp image points, the shape and size of which are independent of'the intensity of the cathode ray and do not substantially vary upon variations in the intensity of the cathode ray.
  • the control grid may preferably be arranged within the Wehnelt cylinder.
  • anode At a certain distance from the Wehnelt cylinder there is provided an anode.
  • This according to the invention, consists of a disc, the diameter of which is only to a very slight extent smaller than the diameter of the tube, and a cylindrical tube abutment arranged on this disc and having the 1 same potential as the disc.
  • This ante-anode receives a relatively low potential as compared with the cathode (for example, 250-400 volts).
  • the cylindrical abutment serves the purpose of accelerating all electrons to the same speed.
  • an after-acceleration anode which may also be con- 20 structed in the form of a shutter, and preferably possesses simply the form of a ring and receives a potential of 1500-4000 volts.
  • the luminous substance is not furnished with a metallic coating.
  • a metal ring is provided in the tube, which ring, for example, may consist of a 35 thin layer of silver, and preferably is raised to the potential of the after-concentration anode.
  • a screening grid possibly in the closest possible, proximity thereto.
  • This screening grid may conveniently be constructed 55 in the form of a cylinder open at the one end, which cylinder surrounds the control electrode, and possesses at the front an aperture corresponding with the opening in the control grid.
  • Control-electrode potentials volts (alternating potential) screening grid 10 volts; Wehnelt cylinder -50- -l50 volts.
  • a potential of volts has been found to be particularly suitable in respect of the cylindrical screening grid, if the Wehnelt cylinder is raised to a potential of 100 volts.
  • the optimum potentials are dependent to a very great extent on the form and also the spacingpf the single electrodes. It is possible, however, without difficulty to determine these optimum potentials by comparative measurements with givenform and arrangement of the electrodes.
  • the tube is furnished with a metallic electrode arranged on its wall preferably on its inner side.
  • Said electrode maybe arranged near the screen of the Braun tube and consists of a thin metallic sediment preferably of silver, which may be connected to the anode of the tube, that is to the highest potential which is wanted therein.
  • the sediment (metallic electrode) is arranged at the inner. sidev of the tube near the middle of said tubeas indicated in Fig. 4 in such manner that the electrode in each position of the cathode ray is far enough from said ray as to avoid an influence of said electrode to the position of the cathode ray.
  • the electrode may-be supplied with a potential which isa little (e. g. 100-300 volts) lower than the highest potential which is employed in the tube.
  • the electrode arranged on the wall of the tube possesses a very effective concentrating effect to the cathoderay.
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically an embodiment of 9. Braun tube according to the invention, the control element of which is arranged inside the Wehnelt cylinder.
  • Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the con- ,trol arrangement.
  • Fig. 3 shows a Braun tub'e furnished with a special electron-optical system, which shall preferably be employed in combination with the control element according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a view of a Braun tube according to the invention, which shows especially the form and the arrangement of the concentrating electrode.
  • Fig. 1 H is the tube having the cathode I, the control grid 3 and the Wehnelt cylinder 2.
  • the control grid is arranged in the dark space ot the cathode.
  • 4 is the ante-anode with the cylindrical abutment 5.
  • the ante-anode is held on either side by the lines l3 and I4.
  • the holding on both sides by live holders is necessary in order-to protect the cathode-ray against the electrostatic- ,eflect of the potential feed line I 5.
  • the afteracceleration anode 6 is connected with the metallic ring 9.
  • I and 8 are the pairs of control plates, I0 is the luminous substance.
  • the tube is preferably filled with argon or hydrogen at a pressure of approximately 10- mm.
  • argon or hydrogen at a pressure of approximately 10- mm.
  • Fig. 2 l is the tube body, 2 the holder for the system. 3 the Wehnelt cylinder, Hi the electrode with the point H, M the control grid constructed in the form of a perforated shutter, 20 the cylindrical screening grid surrounding the control grid on all sides.
  • a screening grid which possesses a relatively weak positive potential, preferably surrounds the control grid, and eliminates as completely. as possible the effects of the control and transverse fields.
  • Fig. 3 shows the electron optical system which preferably shall be employed in combination with the control arrangement according to the invention.
  • I5 is the stem of the valve, 2 the space-'- charge-control (the cathode itself is not visible) I the screening anode with a small screening aperture ll, 4 the after-concentration cylinder, 5 the after-acceleration anode, 6 and I the two pairs of control-plates, which may possess the same potential. It has been proved suitable to arrange the cylinder 4 as close as possible to the screening anode. It is also possible to reach the effect according to the invention in case the cylinder is arranged in about the middle between the 'anteand the after-acceleration anode;
  • the screening anode may be supplied on the side turned towards the alter-concentration cylinder with a .tube shaped metallic continuation.
  • the image screen may suitably be iurnished with a thin metallic layer, which nearly possesses the potential of the anode or suitably a higher potential than the after-acceleration anode.
  • a metallic ring or a metallic trol electrode being deposit possessing the above mentioned potential may be arranged.
  • the valve may suitably be used with a gasfllling in a manner known per se.
  • the magnitude of the potentials to be employed depends upon the distance of the image screen from the electron-optical system, as well as upon the shape, the size and the distance of the electrodes between each other.
  • the electrode system once fixed, makes it possible without difiiculties to set at normal the several voltages, in order to adjust the focus in the plane of the image screen.
  • valves of the usual dimensioning indicated the potentials of the electrodes to lie within the following limitations: the potential of the space charge controlling cylinder to about 100- -200 volts,
  • Fig. 4 I is the tube body, 29 the electrode which is preferably supplied with a potential, which is a little, for instance for 100-300 volts lower, than that of the after-concentration anode.
  • a Braun tube comprising a cathode, a Wehnelt-cylinder surrounding said cathode, a control electrode mounted inside said Wehnelt-cylinder at a distance of approximately one mm. from said cathode, said electrode being adapted to be supplied with a bias and with a control voltage, an anode and a fluorescent screen.”
  • a Braun tube comprising a cathode, a Wehnelt-cylinder surrounding said cathode, a control electrode mounted inside said Wehnelt-cylinder at a distance of approximately 1 mm. from said cathode, said control electrode being adapted to be supplied with a bias and with a control voltage, a screening electrode of cylindrical form surrounding said control electrode, said screening electrode being adapted to be supplied with a weak positive bias up to forty volts, an anode and a fluorescent screen.
  • a Braun tube comprising a glow-cathode, a Wehnelt-cylinder surrounding said cathode, said Wehnelt-cylinder being adapted to be supplied with a negative bias, a control electrode mounted inside said Wehnelt-cylinder at a distance of approximately 1 mm. from said cathode, said conadapted to be supplied with a control voltage, an anode consisting of a per- Iorated shutter, the diameter of which is little smaller than the diameter of the neck .of the Braun tube, said shutter being furnished with a cylindrical abutment, and a fluorescent screen.
  • a Braun tube comprising a glow-cathode, a Wehnelt-cylinder surrounding said cathode, said Wehnelt-cylinder being adapted to be supplied with a negative bias, a control electrode mounted in front of said cathode at a distance of approximately 1 mm. from said cathode, said control electrode being adapted to be supplied with a control voltage, an apertured plate furnished with a cylindrical abutment,the diameter of said abutment being considerably greater than the diameter'of theplate aperture,said plate being adapted to be supplied with a low positive voltage, a further apertured anode plate adapted to be supplied with a high positive voltage, and a fluorescent screen.
  • a Braun tube comprising a, glow-cathode, a
  • Wehnelt-cylinder surrounding said cathode, said Wehnelt-cylinder being adapted to be supplied with a negative bias, a control electrode mounted in trout of said cathode at a distance of approxi- -mately 1 mm. from said cathode, said control electrode being adapted to be supplied with a control voltage, an anode plate adapted to be supplied with a low positive voltage, a concentrating cylinder adapted to be supplied with a voltage -which is more negative than that which the electrode being adapted to be supplied with a control voltage, an anode plate adapted to be supplied with a low positive voltage, a concentrating cylinder adapted to be supplied with a voltage which is more negative than that which the said anode is to be supplied with, a further anode plate adapted to be supplied with a highpositive voltage, a fluorescent screen, an electrode mounted near said fluorescent screen, said electrode being connected with said further anode.
  • a Braun tube containing a cathode, a control electrode mounted near said cathode at a distance of approximately 1 mm. from said cathode, said control electrode being adapted to be supplied with a, control voltage, an anode plate adapted to be supplied with a high positive voltage, a fluorescent screen, and an auxiliary electrode of cylindrical shape mounted between said anode plate and said fluorescent screen near said anode plate, said auxiliary electrode being adapted to be supplied with a voltage which is a little lower than the high anode voltage.
  • control electrode being adapted to be supplied with a control voltage
  • an anode plate adapted to be supplied with a high positive voltage
  • a fluorescent screen and an auxiliary electrode consisting of a .metallic wall coating mounted between said anode plate and said fluorescent screen near said anode plate, said auxiliary electrode being adapted to be supp'liedwith a voltage which is more negative than the high anode voltage.
  • a Braun tube comprising a glow-cathode, a Wehnelt-cylinder surrounding said cathode.
  • said Wehnelt-cylinder being adapted to be supplied with a negative bias
  • a control electrode mounted inside said Wehnelt-cylinder at a distance of approximately 1 mm. from said cathode, said control electrode being adapted to be supplied with a control voltage
  • an anode plate adapted to be supplied with a low positive voltage
  • a further anode plate adapted to be supplied with a high positive voltage
  • a fluorescent screen and an auxiliary electrode consisting of a metallic wall coating, the length of said coating amounting to from eight to ten cm. mounted between said anode and said fluorescent screen near said anode, said auxiliary electrode being adapted to be supplied with a voltage which is more negative than the high anode voltage.
  • a Braun tube comprising a glow-cathode, a Wehnelt-cylinder surrounding said cathode, said Wehnelt-cylinder being adapted to be supplied the-said anode is, to be supplied with, a further anode plate adapted to be supplied with a high 'positive voltage, a fluorescent screen, and an auxiliary electrode consisting of a metallicwall coating, the length of said coating amounting to from eight to ten cm. mounted between said anode and said fluorescent screen near said anode plate, said auxiliary electrode being adapted to be supplied with a voltage which is more negative than the high anode voltage.
  • a Braun tube comprising a glow-cathode, a Wehnelt-cylinder surrounding said cathode, said Wehnelt-cylinder being adapted to be supplied'with a negative bias, a control electrode mounted inside said Wehnelt-cylinder at a distance of approximately 1 mm. from said cathode, said control electrode being adapted to be supplied with a control voltage, an anode plate adapted to be supplied with a low positive voltage, a concentrating cylinder adapted to be supplied with a voltage which is more negative than that which the said anode is to. be supplied with, a further anode plate-adapted to be supplied with "with a negative bias, a control electrode mounted a high positive voltage, a fluorescent screen, an
  • said electrode being connected with said further anode, and an auxiliary electrode consisting of a metallic wall coating, the length' or said coating amounting to from eight to'ten -cm. mounted between said further anode and said fluorescent screen near said further anode, said auxiliary electrode being adapted to be supplied with a voltage which is more negative than the high anode voltage.
  • a Braun tube comprising an indirectly heated cathode, a Wehnelt cylinder surrounding said cathode, a control electrode consisting of an apertured plate mounted in front of said cathode at a distance of approximately one mm. from said cathode, said control electrode being adapted to be supplied with a control voltage, an apertured anode mounted in front of said control electrode,
  • two pairs or deflecting plates mounted between said electron-optical system and said fluorescent screen for deflecting the cathode ray in two directions perpendicular to one another for scanning said screen.

Landscapes

  • Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US660117A 1932-03-18 1933-03-09 Braun tube especially for television purposes Expired - Lifetime US2049781A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEL80776D DE768131C (de) 1932-03-18 1932-03-18 Braunsche Roehre, bei welcher saemtliche Elektroden unter Verwendung von am Quetschfuss befestigten Halterungen gehaltert sind
DEK154930D DE726884C (de) 1932-03-18 1932-03-24 Kathodenstrahlroehre mit mehreren getrennt voneinander steuerbaren Strahlbuendeln

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2049781A true US2049781A (en) 1936-08-04

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ID=7253160

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US660117A Expired - Lifetime US2049781A (en) 1932-03-18 1933-03-09 Braun tube especially for television purposes
US70423A Expired - Lifetime US2141414A (en) 1932-03-18 1936-03-23 Braun tube

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US70423A Expired - Lifetime US2141414A (en) 1932-03-18 1936-03-23 Braun tube

Country Status (5)

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US (2) US2049781A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE394911A (en:Method)
DE (2) DE768131C (en:Method)
FR (1) FR753487A (en:Method)
GB (4) GB420876A (en:Method)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2482151A (en) * 1944-08-18 1949-09-20 Philips Lab Inc Cathode-ray projection tube
US2755413A (en) * 1951-02-23 1956-07-17 Edgar R Wagner Gas filled projector tubes for television

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE763222C (de) * 1938-08-23 1954-10-04 Siemens & Halske A G Mittelbar geheizte Gluehkathode fuer Elektronenstrahlroehren
US2570165A (en) * 1949-08-16 1951-10-02 Rca Corp Limited-area cathode
DE1100826B (de) * 1955-05-27 1961-03-02 Telefunken Gmbh Elektrodenanordnung zur gemeinsamen Fokussierung von in einer Ebene verlaufenden Elektronenstrahlen einer Mehrfachkathodenstrahlroehre
US2963608A (en) * 1957-08-07 1960-12-06 Sylvania Electric Prod Cathode ray tube structure
US3143681A (en) * 1959-12-07 1964-08-04 Gen Electric Spiral electrostatic electron lens
DE1156521B (de) * 1961-09-05 1963-10-31 Heraeus Gmbh W C Elektronenstrahlkanone zum Erhitzen von Metallen
US3240973A (en) * 1962-03-01 1966-03-15 Rca Corp Electrostatic saddle field collimating system
DE1789136C3 (de) * 1967-01-14 1982-09-23 Sony Corp., Tokyo Kathodenstrahlröhre

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1565855A (en) * 1920-11-26 1925-12-15 Western Electric Co Vacuum tube
US1632080A (en) * 1921-12-27 1927-06-14 Western Electric Co Electric discharge device
DE488933C (de) * 1925-08-09 1930-01-09 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Braunsches Rohr mit Gluehkathode und Edelgasfuellung
DE507879C (de) * 1927-01-01 1930-09-20 Hans Mueri Dr Spulmaschine
FR699478A (fr) * 1929-10-25 1931-02-16 Perfectionnements aux tubes cathodiques

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2482151A (en) * 1944-08-18 1949-09-20 Philips Lab Inc Cathode-ray projection tube
US2755413A (en) * 1951-02-23 1956-07-17 Edgar R Wagner Gas filled projector tubes for television

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE768131C (de) 1956-03-15
DE726884C (de) 1942-10-22
GB417850A (en) 1934-10-09
BE394911A (en:Method) 1933-04-29
GB417714A (en) 1934-10-09
US2141414A (en) 1938-12-27
FR753487A (fr) 1933-10-16
GB420876A (en) 1934-12-10
GB417713A (en) 1934-10-09

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