US20240417889A1 - Acrylic fiber for artificial hair, crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair, hair ornament product including the same, and production method therefor - Google Patents

Acrylic fiber for artificial hair, crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair, hair ornament product including the same, and production method therefor Download PDF

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US20240417889A1
US20240417889A1 US18/705,098 US202218705098A US2024417889A1 US 20240417889 A1 US20240417889 A1 US 20240417889A1 US 202218705098 A US202218705098 A US 202218705098A US 2024417889 A1 US2024417889 A1 US 2024417889A1
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fiber
artificial hair
acrylic fiber
hair
acrylic
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Yujiro Sonoyama
Takeshi Tanaka
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Kaneka Corp
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Kaneka Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/40—Modacrylic fibres, i.e. containing 35 to 85% acrylonitrile
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41G—ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS; WIGS; MASKS; FEATHERS
    • A41G3/00—Wigs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41G—ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS; WIGS; MASKS; FEATHERS
    • A41G3/00—Wigs
    • A41G3/0083—Wigs characterised by their hair filaments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41G—ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS; WIGS; MASKS; FEATHERS
    • A41G5/00—Hair pieces, inserts, rolls, pads, or the like; Toupées
    • A41G5/0006—Toupées covering a bald portion of the head
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41G—ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS; WIGS; MASKS; FEATHERS
    • A41G5/00—Hair pieces, inserts, rolls, pads, or the like; Toupées
    • A41G5/004—Hairpieces, e.g. hair extensions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/04—Dry spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/38—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising unsaturated nitriles as the major constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/004—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by heating fibres, filaments, yarns or threads so as to create a temperature gradient across their diameter, thereby imparting them latent asymmetrical shrinkage properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • D10B2321/101—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide modacrylic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/04—Heat-responsive characteristics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2503/00—Domestic or personal
    • D10B2503/08—Wigs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an acrylic fiber for artificial hair and a crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair that are to be used in a hair ornament product, a hair ornament product including the same, and a production method therefor.
  • Patent Document 1 proposes an acrylic fiber for artificial hair that has a cross-section having a specific shape so that the volume is increased and the touch and twist processability are improved, and a hair ornament product produced using the same.
  • Patent Document 1 WO 2006/135060
  • a braid produced by braiding artificial hair is known as an example of hair ornament products. It is possible to enjoy changing a hairstyle by attaching a braid to natural hair. In the case of a braid for a person with hair of non-uniform length, particularly for a young child with insufficient hair growth, it is desired that artificial hair is provided with non-uniform or irregular crimps in order to improve compatibility with natural hair.
  • One or more embodiments of the present invention relate to an acrylic fiber for artificial hair including an acrylic copolymer, wherein a dry-heat shrinkage ratio of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair after dry-heat treatment at a temperature of 90° C. or higher and 180° C. or lower for 30 minutes is 30% or more and 70% or less, and a torsional rigidity of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair is 0.3 mg ⁇ cm 2 or more and 2.0 mg ⁇ cm 2 or less.
  • One or more embodiments of the present invention relate to a crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair including an acrylic copolymer, wherein the number of crimps of the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair is 10 or more crimps per 10 cm, an average crimp height per 10-cm fiber is 1.5 mm or more, and in ten continuous crimps, at least two crimps differ in crimp width and at least two crimps differ in crimp height, while the crimps are formed in two or more different crimp directions.
  • One or more embodiments of the present invention relate to a hair ornament product including the acrylic fiber for artificial hair or the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair.
  • One or more embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for producing the acrylic fiber for artificial hair, the method including: a coagulation process for obtaining coagulated filaments by subjecting a spinning solution containing an acrylic copolymer to wet spinning using a spinning nozzle; a primary drawing process for subjecting the obtained coagulated filaments to wet drawing; and a secondary drawing process for subjecting obtained primary drawn filaments to dry drawing, wherein a relaxation treatment is not performed after the secondary drawing process.
  • One or more embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for producing the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair, the method including: a coagulation process for obtaining coagulated filaments by subjecting a spinning solution containing an acrylic copolymer to wet spinning using a spinning nozzle; a primary drawing process for subjecting the obtained coagulated filaments to wet drawing; a secondary drawing process for subjecting obtained primary drawn filaments to dry drawing; and a crimping process for providing crimps to obtained secondary drawn filaments by allowing the secondary drawn filaments to thermally shrink under no tension at a temperature of 90° C. or higher and 150° C. or lower for 5 minutes or more and 60minutes or less.
  • an acrylic fiber for artificial hair that has favorable touch and a high volume and can develop crimps with excellent compatibility with natural hair even when provided with irregular crimps.
  • a crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair that has been provided with irregular crimps, has favorable touch and a high volume, and has developed crimps with excellent compatibility with natural hair.
  • an acrylic fiber for artificial hair that has favorable touch and a high volume and can develop crimps with excellent compatibility with natural hair even when provided with irregular crimps.
  • a crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair that has been provided with irregular crimps, has favorable touch and a high volume, and has developed crimps with excellent compatibility with natural hair.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an anchor-like-Y-shaped fiber cross-section according to an example.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a C-shaped fiber cross-section according to an example.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a figure-6-shaped fiber cross-section according to an example.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the dimensions of a C-shaped fiber cross-section according to an example.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the dimensions of a figure-6-shaped fiber cross-section according to an example.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wet-spinning nozzle according to an example.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wet-spinning nozzle according to an example.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wet-spinning nozzle according to an example.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the appearance of crimped acrylic fibers with irregular crimps.
  • FIG. 13 is a photograph (400-fold magnification) showing the cross-sections of acrylic fibers according to Example 1.
  • FIG. 14 is a photograph (400-fold magnification) showing the cross-sections of acrylic fibers according to Example 2.
  • FIG. 16 is a photograph (400-fold magnification) showing the cross-sections of acrylic fibers according to Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 17 is a photograph (400-fold magnification) showing the cross-sections of acrylic fibers according to Comparative Example 6.
  • the inventors of the present invention found that, even when an acrylic fiber for artificial hair containing an acrylic copolymer is provided with irregular crimps, setting the dry-heat shrinkage ratio after dry-heat treatment at a temperature of 90° C. or higher and 180° C. or lower for 30 minutes and the torsional rigidity to be within predetermined ranges (specifically, increasing the dry-heat shrinkage ratio and reducing the torsional rigidity) allows the acrylic fiber to have favorable touch and a high volume and develop crimps with excellent compatibility with natural hair.
  • interleamps as used herein means that, in ten continuous crimps, at least two crimps differ in crimp width and at least two crimps differ in crimp height, while the crimps are formed in two or more different crimp directions.
  • the acrylic fiber for artificial hair has a dry-heat shrinkage ratio after dry-heat treatment at a temperature of 90° C. or higher and 180° C. or lower for 30 minutes (also referred to merely as a “dry-heat shrinkage ratio” hereinafter) of 30% or more and 70% or less. Due to the dry-heat shrinkage ratio being 30% or more, the acrylic fiber for artificial hair has a high volume and can develop crimps with excellent compatibility with natural hair even when provided with irregular crimps. In addition, due to the dry-heat shrinkage ratio being 70% or less, natural touch and appearance can be achieved.
  • the upper limit of the dry-heat shrinkage ratio of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair after dry-heat treatment at a temperature of 90° C. or higher and 180° C. or lower for 30 minutes is preferably 65% or less, 60% or less, 55% or less, 50% or less, 49% or less, 48% or less, 47% or less, or 46% or less.
  • the lower limit of the dry-heat shrinkage ratio of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair after dry-heat treatment at a temperature of 90° C. or higher and 180° C. or lower for 30 minutes is preferably 33% or more, 35% or more, or 37% or more.
  • the dry-heat shrinkage ratio of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair after dry-heat treatment at a temperature of 90° C. or higher and 180° C. or lower for 30 minutes is preferably 33% or more and 60% or less, more preferably 35% or more and 50% or less, and even more preferably 37% or more and 46% or less.
  • the dry-heat shrinkage ratio of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair after dry-heat treatment at a temperature of 95° C. or higher and 170° C. or lower for 30 minutes is within the above-described range, it is more preferable that the dry-heat shrinkage ratio after dry-heat treatment at a temperature of 100° C. or higher and 160° C. or lower for 30 minutes is within the above-described range, it is even more preferable that the dry-heat shrinkage ratio after dry-heat treatment at a temperature of 110° C. or higher and 150° C. or lower for 30 minutes is within the above-described range, and it is particularly preferable that the dry-heat shrinkage ratio after dry-heat treatment at 120° C. for 30 minutes is within the above-described range.
  • the dry-heat shrinkage ratio is determined as follows: a fiber bundle of predetermined fibers is subjected to dry-heat treatment for 30 minutes under no tension in a uniform heating dryer set at a predetermined temperature, and then the dry-heat shrinkage ratio is calculated using Formula 1 below based on the fiber lengths of the fiber bundle before and after the dry-heat treatment.
  • Formula 1 below La is the fiber length of the fiber bundle under a load of 50 g before the dry-heat treatment, and Lb is the fiber length of the fiber bundle under a load of 50 g after the dry-heat treatment.
  • Dry - heat ⁇ shrinkage ⁇ ratio ⁇ ( % ) ( La - Lb ) / La ⁇ 100 Formula ⁇ 1
  • the acrylic fiber for artificial hair has a torsional rigidity of 0.3 mg ⁇ cm 2 or more and 2.0 mg ⁇ cm 2 or less. Due to the torsional rigidity being 2.0 mg ⁇ cm 2 or less, the acrylic fiber for artificial hair has a high volume and can develop crimps with excellent compatibility with natural hair even when provided with irregular crimps. In addition, due to the torsional rigidity being 0.3 mg ⁇ cm 2 or more, strength against external force is increased.
  • the “torsional rigidity” is measured under the conditions that the number of twists is ⁇ 3 twists and the torsion speed is 12°/sec. Specifically, the torsional rigidity can be measured as described in Examples.
  • the lower limit of the torsional rigidity of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair is preferably 0.4 mg ⁇ cm 2 or more, 0.5 mg ⁇ cm 2 or more, 0.6 mg ⁇ cm 2 or more, 0.7 mg ⁇ cm 2 or more, or 0.8 mg ⁇ cm 2 or more.
  • the upper limit of the torsional rigidity of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair is preferably 1.95 mg ⁇ cm 2 or less, 1.90 mg ⁇ cm 2 or less, 1.85 mg ⁇ cm 2 or less, 1.80 mg ⁇ cm 2 or less, 1.75 mg ⁇ cm 2 or less, or 1.70 mg ⁇ cm 2 or less.
  • the torsional rigidity of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair is preferably 0.4 mg ⁇ cm 2 or more and 1.9 mg ⁇ cm 2 or less, and more preferably 0.5 mg ⁇ cm 2 or more and 1.7 mg ⁇ cm 2 or less.
  • the fineness of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair is not particularly limited, but is preferably 25 dtex or more and 95 dtex or less, more preferably 30 dtex or more and 75 dtex or less, and even more preferably 35 dtex or more and 65 dtex or less, from the viewpoint of making the acrylic fiber suitable for artificial hair.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair is not particularly limited, examples thereof include a Y-shape, an anchor-like-Y-shape, a C-shape, a figure-6-shape, a dumbbell-shape, a horseshoe-shape, an elliptical shape, and a circular shape.
  • the wording “fiber cross-section” means a lateral cross-section. It is preferable that the acrylic fiber for artificial hair has a hollow portion from the viewpoint of development of a sufficient volume when crimps are provided.
  • the acrylic fiber for artificial hair has one or more cross-sectional shapes selected from the group consisting of an anchor-like-Y-shape, a C-shape, and a figure-6-shape from the viewpoint that the torsional rigidity is likely to be within the above-described range and a sufficient volume is developed when crimps are provided. It is even more preferable that the acrylic fiber for artificial hair has an anchor-like-Y-shape from the viewpoint of further improving the touch.
  • the anchor-like-Y-shaped fiber cross-section includes, for example, three T-shaped protrusions that extend radially from the central portion, and each of the T-shaped protrusions has an arc-shaped upper side that bulges in a direction away from the central portion.
  • the wording “arc shape” refers to all shapes similar to an arc.
  • the arc shape may include not only an arc of a perfect circle, but also any shape that is considered to be the same as the arc based on common technical knowledge, such as a curved shape including a part of an ellipse.
  • the arc shape may also include a linear portion in part.
  • the arc shape may either be or not be bilaterally symmetrical.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an acrylic fiber for artificial hair with an anchor-like-Y-shaped fiber cross-section according to an example.
  • An acrylic fiber for artificial hair 1 has a cross-section that includes three T-shaped protrusions 3 extending radially from a central portion 2 , and each of the T-shaped protrusions has an arc-shaped upper side (portion) 4 that bulges in a direction away from the central portion 2 .
  • the T-shaped protrusion 3 includes the upper side (portion) 4 and a lower extended portion 5 .
  • the central portion 2 may have a substantially circular shape or a substantially elliptical shape.
  • the distance between adjacent ends of the corresponding upper sides of the adjacent T-shaped protrusions is not particularly limited but is preferably 16.0 ⁇ m or more, for example, from the viewpoint of further increasing the volume. Also, in the acrylic fiber for artificial hair, the distance between adjacent ends of the corresponding upper sides of the adjacent T-shaped protrusions is not particularly limited but is preferably 50.0 ⁇ m or less and more preferably 35.0 ⁇ m or less, for example, from the viewpoint of further improving the touch. In FIG. 4 , the distance between adjacent ends of the corresponding upper sides of the adjacent T-shaped protrusions is indicated as W.
  • the thickness of the upper side portion of each T-shaped protrusion is not particularly limited but is preferably 10% or more and 50% or less, and more preferably 25% or more and 45% or less, of the circumradius of the fiber cross-section, for example, from the viewpoint of further increasing the twistability and the volume.
  • the wording “thickness of the upper side portion of the T-shaped protrusion” as used herein means a vertical distance from the top of the upper side portion of the T-shaped protrusion to a line connecting two points of intersection of the upper side portion of the T-shaped protrusion with the lower extended portion of the T-shaped protrusion. In this specification, the top of the upper side portion of the T-shaped protrusion is farthest from the central point of the fiber cross-section. In FIG. 4 , the thickness of the upper side portion of the T-shaped protrusion is indicated as H.
  • the maximum length of the upper side portion of each T-shaped protrusion is not particularly limited but is preferably 1.5 times or more and 4 times or less, and more preferably 1.9 times or more and 2.6 times or less, the minimum length of the upper side portion of each T-shaped protrusion, for example, from the viewpoint of further increasing the twistability and the volume.
  • maximum length of the upper side portion of the T-shaped protrusion means a length between two ends of the upper side portion of the T-shaped protrusion
  • minimum length of the upper side portion of the T-shaped protrusion means a length of a line connecting two points of intersection of the upper side portion of the T-shaped protrusion with the lower extended portion of the T-shaped protrusion.
  • Lx the maximum length of the upper side portion of the T-shaped protrusion
  • minimum length of the upper side portion of the T-shaped protrusion is indicated as Ln.
  • the circumradius of the fiber cross-section is not particularly limited but is preferably 45.0 ⁇ m or more and 60.0 ⁇ m or less, for example, from the viewpoint of further increasing the volume and the touch.
  • the wording “circumcircle of the fiber cross-section” means a circle that passes the tops of the upper side portions of the three T-shaped protrusions. In FIG. 4 , the circumradius is indicated as D.
  • the width of each T-shaped protrusion in the fiber cross-section is not particularly limited but is preferably 11.0 ⁇ m or more and 26.0 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 12.0 ⁇ m or more and 20.0 ⁇ m or less, for example, from the viewpoint of preventing the cracking of the fiber cross-section and increasing the volume.
  • the width of the T-shaped protrusion is indicated as A.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an acrylic fiber for artificial hair with a C-shaped cross-section according to an example.
  • the two ends of the C-shape are apart from each other, and thus an opening is formed.
  • the two ends of the C-shape may be in contact with each other.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an acrylic fiber for artificial hair with a figure-6-shaped cross-section according to an example.
  • the figure-6-shape can also be considered as a modified C-shape, and specifically, it can also be considered as a shape in which one end of the C-shape is located on the inside with respect to the other end.
  • the two ends of the figure-6-shape are apart from each other, and thus an opening is formed.
  • the two ends of the figure-6-shape may be in contact with each other.
  • the diameter of the circumcircle of the fiber cross-section is not particularly limited but is preferably 75 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 80 ⁇ m or more and 95 ⁇ m or less, for example, from the viewpoint of further improving the volume and the touch.
  • the diameter of the circumcircle is indicated as R 1 .
  • the diameter of an imaginary circle inscribed to the hollow portion of the fiber cross section is not particularly limited but is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 32 ⁇ m or more and 48 ⁇ m or less, for example, from the viewpoint of making it likely to set the torsional rigidity to be within the above-described range and further improving the volume and the touch.
  • the diameter of the inscribed circle is indicated as R 2 .
  • the thickness of the fiber cross-section is not particularly limited but is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 26 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 11 ⁇ m or more and 25 ⁇ m or less, for example, from the viewpoint that the torsional rigidity is likely to be within the above-described range and the volume and the touch are further improved.
  • the thickness is indicated as t.
  • the distance between the two ends in the fiber cross-section is not particularly limited but is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, for example, from the viewpoint of further improving the volume and the touch.
  • the distance between the two ends in the fiber cross-section is indicated as W. Note that when the two ends in the C-shaped fiber cross-section are in contact with each other, W is 0 ⁇ m. In one or more embodiments of the present invention, when the fiber cross-section has a figure-6-shape, the distance between the two ends in the fiber cross-section is 0 ⁇ m.
  • the hollow ratio of the fiber cross-section is not particularly limited but is preferably 20% or more and 50% or less, more preferably 30% or more and 50% or less, and even more preferably 35% or more and 45% or less, from the viewpoint that a sufficient volume is developed when crimps are provided.
  • the area of the circumcircle of the fiber cross-section and the area of the fiber cross-section are calculated, and then the hollow ratio is determined using Formula 2 below.
  • the area of the circumcircle of the fiber cross-section is the area of a circle whose diameter corresponds to the length of the longest line segment among line segments connecting any two points on the circumference of the fiber cross-section.
  • Hollow ⁇ ratio ⁇ ( % ) 100 ⁇ ( area ⁇ of ⁇ circumcircle ⁇ of ⁇ fiber ⁇ cross - section - area ⁇ of ⁇ fiber ⁇ cross - section ) / area ⁇ of ⁇ circumcircle ⁇ of ⁇ fiber ⁇ cross - section Formula ⁇ 2
  • All the acrylic fibers for artificial hair do not necessarily have the same fineness, cross-sectional shape, and cross-sectional size, and fibers that are different in fineness, cross-sectional shape, and cross-sectional size may be mixed.
  • an acrylic copolymer contained in the acrylic fiber for artificial hair is not particularly limited, and, for example, the acrylic copolymer contains acrylonitrile in an amount of less than 95 wt % and another monomer in an amount of more than 5 wt %, and preferably acrylonitrile in an amount of less than 80 wt % and another monomer in an amount of more than 20 wt %.
  • the other monomer a monomer copolymerizable with acrylonitrile can be used as appropriate.
  • the acrylic copolymer contained in the acrylic fiber for artificial hair contains acrylonitrile in an amount of 29.5 wt % or more and 79.5 wt % or less, vinyl chloride and/or vinylidene chloride in an amount of 20 wt % or more and 70 wt % or less, and a sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomer in an amount of 0.5 wt % or more and 5 wt % or less.
  • the acrylic copolymer is obtained through polymerization performed using a monomer mixture containing acrylonitrile in an amount of 29.5 wt % or more and 79.5 wt % or less, vinyl chloride and/or vinylidene chloride in an amount of 20 wt % or more and 70 wt % or less, and a sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomer in an amount of 0.5 wt % or more and 5 wt % or less with the total content thereof being 100 wt %.
  • the content of acrylonitrile in the acrylic copolymer is 29.5 wt % or more and 79.5 wt % or less, the heat resistance is favorable.
  • the flame retardance is favorable.
  • the hydrophilicity is increased due to the acrylic copolymer containing a sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomer in an amount of 0.5 wt % or more and 5 wt % or less.
  • the acrylic copolymer even more preferably contains acrylonitrile in an amount of 34.5 wt % or more and 74.5 wt % or less, vinyl chloride and/or vinylidene chloride in an amount of 25 wt % or more and 65 wt % or less, and a sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomer in an amount of 0.5 wt % or more and 5 wt % or less, and particularly preferably acrylonitrile in an amount of 39.5 wt % or more and 74.5 wt % or less, vinyl chloride in an amount of 25 wt % or more and 60 wt % or less, and a sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomer in an amount of 0.5 wt % or more and 5 wt % or less. It is preferable that the acrylic copolymer contains vinyl chloride from the viewpoint of achieving better touch.
  • the sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomer is not particularly limited, examples thereof include allylsulfonic acid, methallylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, isoprenesulfonic acid, and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and metallic salts (e.g., sodium salts) thereof and amine salts thereof.
  • metallic salts e.g., sodium salts
  • One of the sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomers may be used alone, or two or more of the sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomers may be used in combination.
  • the acrylic fiber for artificial hair may contain other additives to improve the fiber characteristics if necessary as long as the effects of the present invention are not inhibited.
  • the additives include the following functional agents: gloss control agents such as titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, and esters and ethers of cellulose derivatives including cellulose acetate; coloring agents such as organic pigments, inorganic pigments, and dyes; stabilizers for improving light resistance and heat resistance; fiber sizing agents such as a urethane polymer and a cationic ester polymer for improving the processability of the fibers during braiding or twisting; inorganic or organic deodorants that capture isovaleric acid that is an odor component generated from the scalp; and aromatic agents for giving an aroma such as a citrus aroma to the artificial hair fibers.
  • the above-described acrylic fiber for artificial hair can be produced through, for example, wet spinning using a spinning solution containing an acrylic copolymer.
  • the spinning solution can be obtained by, for example, dissolving the acrylic copolymer in an organic solvent.
  • the acrylic copolymer the above-described acrylic copolymers can be used as appropriate.
  • the organic solvent is not particularly limited, and a good solvent for the acrylic copolymer can be used as appropriate.
  • the organic solvent include dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and acetone. Acetone may be used from the viewpoint of versatility.
  • the spinning solution may contain a small amount of water, such as water in an amount of 1.5 wt % or more and 4.8 wt % or less.
  • the spinning solution may contain other additives to improve the fiber characteristics if necessary as long as the effects of the present invention are not inhibited.
  • the additives include: gloss control agents such as titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, and esters and ethers of cellulose derivatives including cellulose acetate; coloring agents such as organic pigments, inorganic pigments, and dyes; and stabilizers for improving light resistance and heat resistance.
  • the method for producing an acrylic fiber for artificial hair includes at least a coagulation process, a primary drawing process, and a secondary drawing process, and it is preferable that a relaxation treatment is not performed after the secondary drawing process.
  • Fibers that have not been subjected to the relaxation treatment have a high dry-heat shrinkage ratio.
  • the wording “relaxation treatment” as used herein means relaxation treatment that is commonly performed in the field of fibers, and an example thereof is heat treatment at a temperature of 100° C. or higher and 200° C. or lower with which fibers shrink in the fiber-axis direction.
  • the rate of the shrinkage of a fiber in the relaxation treatment is represented by a relaxation rate.
  • the relaxation rate in the relaxation treatment is generally 5% or more. “The relaxation rate is 5%” means that a fiber shrinks by 5% due to the relaxation treatment, that is, the fiber length of a fiber after the relaxation treatment is 95% of the fiber length of the fiber before the relaxation treatment.
  • the spinning solution is discharged through a spinning nozzle into a coagulation bath, where the discharged spinning solution is coagulated to form filaments (coagulated filaments).
  • the nozzle used for the wet spinning is not particularly limited, and a nozzle corresponding to a desired fiber cross-section can be used as appropriate.
  • a nozzle with an anchor-like-Y-shaped cross-section makes it possible to obtain an acrylic fiber with an anchor-like-Y-shaped cross-section.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle with an anchor-like-Y-shaped cross-section according to an example.
  • an axial width Aw is not particularly limited but may be 0.02 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less
  • a canal width Cw is not particularly limited but may be 0.02 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less
  • a diameter Cd of a circumcircle is not particularly limited but may be 0.01 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less
  • a hole area is not particularly limited but may be 0.05 mm 2 or more and 1.0 mm 2 or less.
  • Using a nozzle with a C-shaped cross-section makes it possible to obtain an acrylic fiber with a C-shaped or figure-6-shaped cross-section.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle (also referred to as a “type-I spinning nozzle” hereinafter) that has a cross-section with a C-shape whose two ends are apart from each other and in which each of the ends of the C-shape includes a linear portion and a protrusion bulging outward and the linear portions of the two ends are parallel to each other.
  • a nozzle also referred to as a “type-I spinning nozzle” hereinafter
  • the cross-section of the type-I spinning nozzle one of the two ends of the C-shape includes a linear portion 11 a and a protrusion 12 a, and the other includes a linear portion 11 b and a protrusion 12 b, the linear portions 11 a and 11 b being parallel to each other.
  • the linear portions and the protrusions can be adjusted as appropriate in accordance with the target fiber cross-sectional shape and size.
  • the diameter Cd of a circumcircle may be 0.37 mm or more and 0.60 mm or less
  • the canal width Cw may be 0.06 mm or more and 0.24 mm or less
  • a slit width Aw may be 0.06 mm or more and 0.15 mm or less
  • the hole area may be 0.0850 mm 2 or more and 0.1256 mm 2 or less.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle (also referred to as a “type-II spinning nozzle” hereinafter) that has a cross-section with a C-shape in which one end of the C-shape is located on the inside with respect to the other end.
  • a nozzle also referred to as a “type-II spinning nozzle” hereinafter
  • one end 13 a of the C-shape is located on the inside with respect to the other end 13 b.
  • the degree of a difference between the positions of the two ends can be adjusted as appropriate in accordance with the target fiber cross-sectional shape and size.
  • the diameter Cd of a circumcircle may be 0.37 mm or more and 0.60 mm or less
  • the canal width Cw may be 0.06 mm or more and 0.24 mm or less
  • the slit width Aw may be 0.06 mm or more and 0.15 mm or less
  • the hole area may be 0.0850 mm 2 or more and 0.1256 mm 2 or less.
  • the spinning rate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 m/min or more and 17 m/min or less, for example, from the viewpoint of industrial productivity.
  • the nozzle draft is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.8 or more and 2.0 or less, for example, from the viewpoint of the stability of the production process.
  • An acrylic fiber having a predetermined cross-sectional shape and a predetermined cross-sectional size can be obtained by adjusting the cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional size of the spinning nozzle, the spinning conditions such as the spinning rate and the nozzle draft, and the draw ratio, which will be described later, as appropriate.
  • An aqueous solution containing a good solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide at a concentration of 20 wt % or more and 70 wt % or less can be used for the coagulation bath.
  • the temperature of the coagulation bath can be set to 5° C. or higher and 40° C. or lower. If the concentration of the organic solvent in the coagulation bath is too low, the coagulation is accelerated, and thus it is likely that a coagulation structure will be coarse and voids will be formed inside the fiber.
  • the primary drawing process also referred to as a “bath drawing process”
  • wet drawing is performed on the coagulated filaments, and thus primary drawn filaments are obtained.
  • the acrylic fibers (coagulated filaments) are preferably subjected to bath drawing in a drawing bath.
  • a drawing bath an aqueous solution containing a good solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide at a concentration lower than that in the coagulation bath can be used.
  • the temperature during the wet drawing is preferably 30° C. or higher and 100° C. or lower, more preferably 40° C. or higher and 95° C. or lower, and even more preferably 50° C. or higher and 93° C.
  • the draw ratio is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 8 times from the viewpoint of increasing the fiber strength and the productivity. Note that when the primary drawing is performed using a water bath, the bath drawing process may be performed after the water-washing process, which will be described later, or the primary drawing and the water washing may be performed simultaneously.
  • the organic solvent such as acetone should be removed from the acrylic fibers by washing the acrylic fibers with warm water at 30° C. or higher.
  • the primary drawing and the water washing may be performed simultaneously after the coagulated filaments are introduced into warm water at 30° C. or higher.
  • warm water at, for example, 70° C. or higher makes it easy to remove the good solvent such as acetone in the acrylic fibers.
  • the upper limit of the temperature of the water during the water washing is 95° C. or lower from the viewpoint of spinning stability.
  • the primary drawn filaments are dried, and the secondary drawing is performed. That is to say, the secondary drawing is dry drawing.
  • the drying temperature is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 110° C. or higher and 190° C. or lower.
  • the drawing temperature during the secondary drawing is not particularly limited, but is preferably the same as the drying temperature, 110° C. or higher and 190° C. or lower, for example, from the viewpoint of spinning stability.
  • the draw ratio is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 1 to 4 times, more preferably 1 to 3 times, and even more preferably 1 to 2 times.
  • the total draw ratio, multiplied by the draw ratios of the primary drawing and the secondary drawing is preferably 2 to 10 times, more preferably 2 to 8 times, even more preferably 2 to 6 times, and particularly preferably 2 to 4 times.
  • An oil application may be performed using an oil solution if necessary before the drying process.
  • the oil solution may contain other additives to improve the fiber characteristics if necessary as long as the effects of the present invention are not inhibited.
  • the additives include fiber sizing agents and the like.
  • a crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair containing an acrylic copolymer has favorable touch, a high volume, and crimps with favorable compatibility with natural hair when the following conditions are satisfied: the number of the crimps is 10 crimps or more per 10 cm, and the crimp height is 1.5 mm or more; and, in ten continuous crimps, at least two crimps differ in crimp width and at least two crimps differ in crimp height, while the crimps are formed in two or more different crimp directions (i.e., the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair has irregular crimps).
  • the number of the crimps is 10 crimps or more per 10 cm, and the crimp height is 1.5 mm or more; and, in ten continuous crimps, at least two crimps differ in crimp width and at least two crimps differ in crimp height, while the crimps are formed in two or more different crimp directions (i.e.,
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the appearance of crimped acrylic fibers for artificial hair with irregular crimps, that is, crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair in which at least two crimps differ in crimp width and at least two crimps differ in crimp height, while the crimps are formed in two or more different crimp directions.
  • the number of the crimps in the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair is preferably 11 crimps or more per 10 cm, and more preferably to be 12 crimps or more per 10 cm, from the viewpoint of further increasing the volume and the compatibility of the crimps with natural hair.
  • the upper limit of the number of the crimps in the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair is not particularly limited but is preferably 30 crimps or less per 10 cm, more preferably 25 crimps or less per 10 cm, and even more preferably 20 crimps or less per 10 cm, for example, from the viewpoint of the touch.
  • the number of the crimps in the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair is preferably 10 crimps or more per 10 cm and 30 crimps or less per 10 cm, more preferably 11 crimps or more per 10 cm and 25 crimps or less per 10 cm, and even more preferably 12 crimps or more per 10 cm and 20 crimps or less per 10 cm.
  • the number of the crimps in the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair is determined as follows: five crimped acrylic fibers for artificial hair are randomly selected, the two ends of each fiber (with a fiber length of 20 cm) are fixed to an A4-size graph paper, the number of the crimps formed per 10-cm fiber length in each fiber is measured, and the average of the results from the five fibers is determined and is taken as the number of the crimps.
  • the term “crimp” as used herein means a crimped portion formed by two contact points where the fiber is in contact with the graph paper and a portion of the fiber that is located between the two contact points and is not in contact with the graph paper, and one crimp may have two or more protrusions.
  • the average crimp height per 10-cm fiber is preferably 1.6 mm or more, more preferably 1.7 mm or more, even more preferably 1.8 mm or more, and particularly preferably 1.9 mm or more, from the viewpoint of further increasing the volume and the compatibility of the crimps with natural hair.
  • the upper limit of the average crimp height per 10-cm fiber is not particularly limited but is preferably 3.0 mm or less, more preferably 2.9 mm or less, even more preferably 2.8 mm or less, even more preferably 2.7 mm or less, and even more preferably 2.5 mm or less, from the viewpoint of the touch.
  • the average crimp height per 10-cm fiber is 1.5 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less, 1.6 mm or more and 2.9 mm or less, 1.7 mm or more and 2.8 mm or less, 1.8 mm or more and 2.7 mm or less, or 1.9 mm or more and 2.5 mm or less.
  • the average crimp height per 10-cm fiber is determined as follows: five crimped acrylic fibers for artificial hair are randomly selected, the two ends of each fiber (with a fiber length of 20 cm) are fixed to an A4-size graph paper, the heights (crimp heights) of protrusions of all the crimps formed in a fiber length of 10 cm are measured, and the average of the results obtained is determined and is taken as the average crimp height.
  • the crimp height means the height of the highest protrusion.
  • the volume of the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair is preferably 25 mm or more, more preferably 26 mm or more, even more preferably 27 mm or more, and particularly preferably 28 mm or more.
  • the upper limit of the volume of the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair is not particularly limited but is preferably 50 mm or less, more preferably 48 mm or less, even more preferably 47 mm or less, and even more preferably 45 mm or less, for example, from the viewpoint of natural appearance.
  • the volume of the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair is 25 mm or more and 50 mm or less, 26 mm or more and 48 mm or less, 27 mm or more and 47 mm or less, or 28 mm or more and 45 mm or less.
  • the torsional rigidity, the fiber cross-sectional shape, the cross-sectional size, the fineness, and the hollow ratio of the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair are similar to the torsional rigidity, the fiber cross-sectional shape, the cross-sectional size, the fineness, and the hollow ratio described above for the acrylic fiber for artificial hair.
  • the contents of the descriptions of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair described above can be applied as they are, and the detailed descriptions of the torsional rigidity, the fiber cross-sectional shape, the cross-sectional size, the fineness, and the hollow ratio of the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair are omitted.
  • the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair can contain an acrylic copolymer similar to the acrylic copolymer described above for the acrylic fiber for artificial hair.
  • the contents of the descriptions of the acrylic fiber for artificial hair described above can be applied as they are, and the detailed description of the acrylic copolymer contained in the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair is omitted.
  • the crimps are not limited as long as they are irregular crimps, but the crimps are preferably irregular crimps provided by allowing the above-described acrylic fiber for artificial hair to thermally shrink under no tension (i.e., in a state of being free).
  • the crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair that has a sufficient volume and has crimps with much better compatibility with natural hair when worn by a young child can be obtained by providing irregular crimps through thermal shrinkage.
  • the temperature and time of the heat treatment are not particularly limited, but the temperature is preferably 90° C. or higher and 150° C. or lower, more preferably 100° C. or higher and 140° C. or lower, and even more preferably 105° C. or higher and 135° C. or lower, and the time is preferably 5 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less, more preferably 10 minutes or more and 50 minutes or less, and even more preferably 15 minutes or more and 40 minutes or less, for example, from the viewpoint that a crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair that has a sufficient volume and has crimps with much better compatibility with natural hair even when worn by a young child is likely to be obtained.
  • the crimping process is gear crimping.
  • the crimping process may include the thermal shrinkage of a fiber and the gear crimping in combination, but preferably includes only the thermal shrinkage of a fiber.
  • the method for producing a crimped acrylic fiber for artificial hair preferably includes a coagulation process for obtaining coagulated filaments by subjecting a spinning solution containing an acrylic copolymer to wet spinning using a spinning nozzle, a primary drawing process for subjecting the obtained coagulated filaments to wet drawing, a secondary drawing process for subjecting the obtained primary drawn filaments to dry drawing, and a crimping process for providing crimps to the obtained secondary drawn filaments by allowing the secondary drawn filaments to thermally shrink at a temperature of 90° C. or higher and 150° C. or lower for 5 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less.
  • the coagulation process, the primary drawing process, and the secondary drawing process can be performed in the same manner as in the description of the method for producing an acrylic fiber for artificial hair, and the descriptions thereof are omitted herein.
  • Hair ornament products can be produced using the above-described acrylic fibers for artificial hair and/or crimped acrylic fibers for artificial hair.
  • the hair ornament product may include another artificial hair and natural fibers such as human hair and animal hair in addition to the above-described acrylic fibers for artificial hair and/or crimped acrylic fibers for artificial hair.
  • the other artificial hair is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include polyvinyl chloride fibers, nylon fibers, polyester fibers, and regenerated collagen fibers.
  • An acrylic copolymer containing 49 mass % of acrylonitrile, 50 mass % of vinyl chloride, and 1 mass % of sodium styrenesulfonate was dissolved in acetone to produce a spinning solution having a resin concentration of 29.5 mass %.
  • An anchor-like-Y-shaped spinning nozzle having a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 7 and a cross-sectional size shown in Table 1 was used to extrude the spinning solution into a coagulation bath containing a 25 mass % aqueous solution of acetone at 25° C. so that wet spinning was performed at a spinning rate of 3 m/min and a nozzle draft of 1.17.
  • the obtained fibers were drawn to 1.6 times their original length in a drawing bath containing a 20 mass % aqueous solution of acetone at 50° C.
  • the obtained drawn fibers were washed with warm water at 80° C., were dried at 130° C., and then were drawn to 1.9 times their original length. Acrylic fibers were thus obtained.
  • the obtained acrylic fibers were allowed to thermally shrink under no tension at 120° C. for 30 minutes and thus were provided with irregular crimps. Crimped acrylic fibers were thus obtained.
  • Acrylic fibers and crimped acrylic fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a C-shaped nozzle having a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 9 and a cross-sectional size shown in Table 1 was used.
  • Acrylic fibers and crimped acrylic fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a dumbbell-shaped nozzle shown in FIG. 10 was used.
  • Acrylic fibers and crimped acrylic fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that relaxation was performed at a relaxation rate of 10% at 150° C. after drawing performed at 130° C.
  • Acrylic fibers and crimped acrylic fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that relaxation was performed at a relaxation rate of 10% at 150° C. after drawing performed at 130° C.
  • Acrylic fibers and crimped acrylic fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that relaxation was performed at a relaxation rate of 10% at 150° C. after drawing performed at 130° C.
  • Acrylic fibers and crimped acrylic fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that relaxation was performed at a relaxation rate of 10% at 150° C. after drawing performed at 130° C.
  • Acrylic fibers and crimped acrylic fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a circular nozzle was used and relaxation was performed at a relaxation rate of 10% at 150° C. after drawing performed at 130° C.
  • the single fiber fineness, the dry-heat shrinkage ratio, and the torsional rigidity of the acrylic fibers of the examples and the comparative examples were measured as follows.
  • the volume, the number of crimps, and the crimp height of the crimped acrylic fibers of the examples and the comparative examples were measured as follows. Table 2 shows the results.
  • the fineness of a single acrylic fiber was measured using an autovibro type fineness meter (DENICON DC-21A, manufactured by Search) at a measurement length of 50 mm, and the average value of the results from 20 fibers in total was taken as the single fiber fineness.
  • DEVICON DC-21A manufactured by Search
  • a fiber bundle was formed using the acrylic fibers, and its total fineness was adjusted to 3,333 dtex. Markings were made on the fiber bundle with cotton threads such that the fiber length (effective sample length) under a load of 50 g was 200 mm. Then, the fiber bundle was used as a measurement sample. The measurement sample was thermally treated at 120° C. under no tension for 30 minutes using a uniform heating dryer. The measurement sample was taken out of the dryer and cooled to room temperature, and then the fiber length (effective sample length) LD (mm) of the measurement sample was measured under a load of 50 g. The dry-heat shrinkage ratio was determined based on Formula 1 below.
  • Dry - heat ⁇ shrinkage ⁇ ratio ⁇ ( % ) 100 ⁇ ( 200 - LD ) / 200 Formula ⁇ 1
  • the acrylic fiber (single filament) with a length of 3 cm was set in a torsion tester (KES-YN1, manufactured by KATO TECH CO., LTD.), and the torsional rigidity was measured under the conditions that the number of twists was ⁇ 3 twists and the torsion speed was 12°/sec. The average value of the results from 5 measurements was calculated as the value of the torsional rigidity (unit: mg ⁇ cm 2 ).
  • crimped acrylic fibers Five crimped acrylic fibers were randomly selected, the two ends of each fiber (with a fiber length of 20 cm) were fixed to an A4-size graph paper, the number of the crimps formed in a fiber length of 10 cm was measured, and the number of crimps was determined by calculating the average of the results from the five fibers. When being 10 crimps or more per 10 cm, the number of crimps was determined as being acceptable from the viewpoint of the compatibility with natural hair.
  • crimp here means a crimped portion formed by two contact points where the fiber is in contact with the graph paper and a portion of the fiber that is located between the two contact points and is not in contact with the graph paper, and one crimp may have two or more protrusions.
  • crimped acrylic fibers Five crimped acrylic fibers were randomly selected, the two ends of each fiber (with a fiber length of 20 cm) were fixed to an A4-size graph paper, the heights of protrusions of all the crimps formed in a fiber length of 10 cm (i.e., crimp heights) were measured.
  • the average crimp height per 10-cm fiber was determined by calculating the average of the results from the five fibers. When being 1.5 mm or more, the average crimp height per 10-cm fiber was determined as being acceptable from the viewpoint of the compatibility with natural hair.
  • the term “crimp” means a crimped portion formed by two contact points where the fiber is in contact with the graph paper and a portion of the fiber that is located between the two contact points and is not in contact with the graph paper, and when one crimp has two or more protrusions, the crimp height means the height of the highest protrusion.
  • a crimp 101 means a crimped portion formed by a contact point 111 and a contact point 112 where a fiber 110 is in contact with a graph paper (not illustrated) and a portion 120 of the fiber that is located between the contact points 111 and 112 and is not in contact with the graph paper
  • a crimp 102 means a crimped portion formed by the contact point 112 and a contact point 113 where the fiber 110 is in contact with the graph paper and a portion 130 of the fiber that is located between the contact points 112 and 113 and is not in contact with the graph paper.
  • the crimp heights of the crimp 101 and the crimp 102 are indicated as h 1 and h 2 , respectively.
  • the term “crimp” means a crimped portion formed by two contact points where the fiber is in contact with the graph paper and a portion of the fiber that is located between the two contact points and is not in contact with the graph paper, and the crimp width means the distance between the two contact points where the fiber is in contact with the graph paper.
  • the crimp widths of the crimp 101 and the crimp 102 are indicated as w 1 and w 2 , respectively.
  • the crimped acrylic fibers were comprehensively evaluated based on the evaluation criteria below.
  • the acrylic fibers or crimped acrylic fibers were cut into 15 cm long, and an appropriate amount of the acrylic fibers or crimped acrylic fibers were packed in a heat-shrinkable tube (manufactured by Junkosha Inc., model number “FEP-040,” inner diameter before shrinkage: ⁇ 4.5 mm, inner diameter after shrinkage: ⁇ 3.3 mm, length: 1 m).
  • the tube was allowed to stand in an oven at 105° C. for 5 minutes. Then, the tube was taken out of the oven and left to cool. After the heat-shrinkable tube was cooled, the tube that had shrunk and been filled with the acrylic fibers or crimped acrylic fibers was cut to a length of about 3 mm with a razor blade. Thus, samples for observation of the fiber cross-section were prepared.
  • FIGS. 13 to 17 show photographs of the cross-sections of the fibers of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 6, respectively.
  • the area of the circumcircle of the fiber cross-section is the area of a circle whose diameter corresponds to the length of the longest line segment among line segments connecting any two points on the circumference of the fiber cross-section.
  • Hollow ⁇ ratio ⁇ ( % ) 100 ⁇ ( area ⁇ of ⁇ circumcircle ⁇ of ⁇ fiber ⁇ cross - section - area ⁇ of ⁇ fiber ⁇ cross - section ) / area ⁇ of ⁇ circumcircle ⁇ of ⁇ fiber ⁇ cross - section Formula ⁇ 2
  • the acrylic fibers of the examples had favorable touch and a high volume and developed crimps with excellent compatibility with natural hair even when provided with irregular crimps.
  • the acrylic fibers of Comparative Example 1 which had a torsional rigidity of more than 2.0 mg/cm 2
  • the acrylic fibers of Comparative Example 2 which had a torsional rigidity of more than 2.0 mg/cm 2 and a dry-heat shrinkage ratio of less than 30%
  • the acrylic fibers of Comparative Examples 3 to 6 which had a dry-heat shrinkage ratio of less than 30%, had favorable touch but had a low volume and poor compatibility with natural hair when provided with irregular crimps.
  • the present invention is not particularly limited, but encompasses at least the following embodiments.

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