US20200070313A1 - Orderly-micro-grooved pcd grinding wheel for positive rake angle processing and method for making same - Google Patents

Orderly-micro-grooved pcd grinding wheel for positive rake angle processing and method for making same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20200070313A1
US20200070313A1 US16/677,635 US201916677635A US2020070313A1 US 20200070313 A1 US20200070313 A1 US 20200070313A1 US 201916677635 A US201916677635 A US 201916677635A US 2020070313 A1 US2020070313 A1 US 2020070313A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
grinding
micro
pcd
grinding wheel
rake angle
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Abandoned
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US16/677,635
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English (en)
Inventor
Cong MAO
Lairong YIN
Yujie ZHONG
Yongle HU
Peihao CAI
Mingjun Zhang
Yifeng JIANG
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
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Publication of US20200070313A1 publication Critical patent/US20200070313A1/en
Priority to US17/321,394 priority Critical patent/US20210268626A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/02—Wheels in one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/06—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D7/06—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/009—Tools not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/10—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with cooling provisions, e.g. with radial slots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/12—Cut-off wheels
    • B24D5/123—Cut-off wheels having different cutting segments

Definitions

  • This application relates to a grinding wheel and a preparation method thereof, and more specifically to an orderly-micro-grooved PCD grinding wheel for positive rake angle processing and a method for making the same.
  • abrasive grains are irregularly arranged on the working surface of the grinding wheel, and vary in geometrical shape and size, so that the abrasive grains often cut the surface of the workpiece in a large negative rake angle during the grinding process, which will increase the grinding force ratio, accelerate the conversion of grinding energy into heat and raise the grinding temperature, affecting the surface quality and grinding efficiency.
  • the grinding wheel also has disadvantages of small chip space and low protrusion of abrasive grains, and the grains are easy to fall off, which may easily cause a blockage at the grinding wheel and produce a local high temperature to damage the workpiece surface, and reduce the service life of the grinding wheel.
  • the single grinding unit is still operated at a zero rake angle during the grinding process, so that the grinding efficiency and the surface quality cannot be further improved. Meanwhile, the circumferential spacing of the orderly arranged grinding units in the grinding process reaches 1 mm, which will result in a typical intermittent grinding, and the generated periodic vibrations by the grinding process may also affect the integrity of the processed surface.
  • Chinese Publication No. 105728961A titled “Method for manufacturing a new positive-rake angle diamond grinding tool based on pulse laser”, provides a method for processing positive rake angles of diamond abrasive grains by laser.
  • the large single-layer diamond abrasive grains orderly arranged on the working surface of the grinding wheel are ablated by laser to obtain a point angle less than 90°, which enables the positive-rake angle grinding.
  • the method effectively solves the problem that abrasive grains of the conventional diamond grinding wheel cut the surface of the workpiece in a large negative rake angle, which improves the processing efficiency and reduces the damage to the processed surface, improving the integrity of the processed surface.
  • the high laser ablation temperature will inevitably cause partial graphitization on the diamond abrasive grains, affecting the positive-rake angle cutting of the abrasive grains for the workpiece surface and reducing the surface quality of the processed surface.
  • the single large-sized diamond abrasive grain may fall off if it is subjected to excessive or concentrated force, which may affect the grinding efficiency and even reduce the service life of the grinding wheel.
  • Chinese Publication No. 107243848A titled “A spiral ordered fiber tool for positive rake angle processing and preparation method thereof”, discloses a method in which the matrix is prepared on the grinding wheel hub by pressing and sintering, and the ordered holes are processed on the matrix using a drilling bit. Then the fiber with positive rake angle is consolidated in the small holes by the epoxy resin. The method enables the positive-rake angle cutting, and further improves the surface quality and the processing precision.
  • the fiber has a cross-sectional size of 0.8 mm ⁇ 0.8 mm and the number of fibers per square centimeter on the surface of the tool is only 14.26, the single fiber may have a large cutting depth, making it difficult to ensure the processing precision. Moreover, a rupture will occur if a single fiber is subjected to an excessive or concentrated force, which may affect the service life of the grinding wheel. There are also great difficulties in the process that all the fibers are inserted into the small holes one by one and consolidated.
  • This application provides an orderly-micro-grooved PCD grinding wheel for positive rake angle processing and a preparation method thereof to overcome the defects in the prior art.
  • the orderly-micro-grooved PCD grinding wheel produced herein comprises a polycrystalline diamond film (PCD film), a wheel hub, a plurality of microgrooves and a plurality of micro-grinding units, wherein the PCD film is deposited on an outer circumferential surface of the wheel hub; the microgrooves, which has an axial length that is equal to a thickness of the grinding wheel, a circumferential width of 20-50 ⁇ m, a depth of 500-800 ⁇ m and a depth-width ratio of 10-40:1, are provided on an outer circumferential surface of the PCD film; individual micro-grinding units with a positive rake angle is provided between two adjacent microgrooves; and the microgrooves and the micro-grinding units are respectively arranged in an ordered manner.
  • PCD film polycrystalline diamond film
  • wheel hub a plurality of microgrooves and a plurality of micro-grinding units
  • the PCD film is deposited on an outer circumferential
  • the microgrooves and the micro-grinding units are connected as a whole by the PCD film, which can greatly improve the holding force of the grinding wheel on the micro-grinding units to prevent the micro-grinding units from singly falling off due to excessive or concentrated grinding force, extending the service life of the grinding wheel.
  • the ordered arrangement of the micro-grinding units with the positive rake angle and the microgrooves with a high depth-width ratio on the working surface of the grinding wheel can reduce the grinding force ratio, increase the chip-removing capacity and improve the chip-holding space, which effectively promotes the entering of the grinding fluid into the grinding zone to significantly improve the cooling effect for the grinding zone, reducing thermal damage to the grinding zone and effectively enhancing the grinding quality.
  • This application further provides a method for manufacturing the above PCD grinding wheel, comprising:
  • HFCVD hot filament chemical vapor deposition technique
  • step (3) repeating step (3) to form a plurality of microgrooves with high depth-width ratio and a plurality of ordered micro-grinding units with the positive rake angle at the entire circumference of the PCD film; wherein respective micro-grinding units are the same in size;
  • step (5) subjecting the product prepared in step (4) to pickling and then ultrasonic cleaning in deionized water to form the orderly-micro-grooved PCD grinding wheel for positive rake angle processing.
  • the wheel hub is made of titanium alloy, and has a diameter of 100-200 mm and a thickness of 6-20 mm.
  • Respective micro-grinding units have an axial length that is equal to the thickness of the grinding wheel, a circumferential width of 80-150 ⁇ m, a radial height of 500-800 ⁇ m and a circumferential spacing of 100-200 ⁇ m.
  • step (3) the micro-grinding units formed by processing the PCD film with the laser beam have the positive rake angle of 10°-40° and the clearance angle of 20°-50°.
  • a laser device used in the water-jet guided laser technique is an Nd:YAG pulse laser which has a wavelength of 532 nm and a focused spot diameter of 30-100 ⁇ m.
  • a pressure of the water chamber used in the water-jet guided laser technique is 2-4 MPa, and a diameter of the water jet is 20-50 ⁇ m.
  • the outer circumferential working surface of the grinding wheel is provided with a large number of micro-grinding units with a positive rake angle, which ensures that the micro-grinding units are worked in a positive rake angle during the grinding process, lowering the grinding force ratio and temperature, effectively reducing the damage to the surface and greatly improving the grinding performance and efficiency.
  • micro-grinding units are orderly arranged so that ordered chip-removing channels are formed during the grinding process, which greatly improves the chip-removing capacity and makes the grinding wheel less prone to blockage, effectively promoting the entering of the grinding fluid into the grinding area, significantly improving the cooling effect for the grinding zone, reducing the thermal damage to the workpiece surface and further enhancing the grinding quality.
  • a laser beam is focused in a nozzle through a glass window on a water chamber. Then the water chamber is pressurized to allow a water jet to be ejected from the nozzle and to guide the laser beam, where the laser beam propagates along the water jet in a total reflection in the water jet.
  • the laser is guided by the water jet to the surface of the PCD film to ablate the PCD film, and the ablated PCD film is carried away by the water jet. Additionally, the water jet also cools the surface of the PCD film, which effectively prevents the graphitization of the micro-grinding units, providing better grinding performance and greatly enhancing the surface quality.
  • the PCD film on the outer circumferential surface of the grinding wheel prepared by a HFCVD technique is operated as a whole, and each micro-grinding unit is part thereof, which greatly improves the holding force of the grinding wheel on the micro-grinding units, preventing the micro-grinding units from singly falling off due to excessive or concentrated grinding force and significantly improving the service life of the grinding wheel.
  • This application increases the number of effective cutting edges and alleviates the periodic vibration during the grinding.
  • the microgrooves obtained by the water-jet guided laser technique have a circumferential width of only 20 ⁇ m, and the micro-grinding units have a circumferential spacing of only 100 ⁇ m, so that the number of micro-grinding units involved in grinding per unit area is significantly increased, greatly alleviating the periodic vibration during the grinding.
  • the micro-grinding units prepared by the method have the characteristics of high protrusion and good consistency, so that the cutting edge of each micro-grinding unit can participate in the grinding, which greatly increases the number of effective cutting edges in the grinding process and reduces the cutting depth of the single cutting edge, effectively improving the grinding precision and efficiency.
  • the size and shape of the micro-grinding units on the outer circumferential surface of the grinding wheel both have a good periodicity. Therefore, in the preparation process, the relative motion relationship between the Laser-Microjet device and the grinding wheel can be controlled by the numerical control technology, which greatly reduces the difficulty in preparation of the grinding wheel and lowers the cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view showing a grinding wheel hub after deposited with a polycrystalline diamond film on the outer circumferential surface.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows the processing of a microgroove by water-jet guided laser technique.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the grinding wheel provided with microgrooves on the outer circumference and a partially enlarged view thereof.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the processing of a workpiece with a grinding wheel and a partially enlarged view showing a contact zone between the grinding wheel and the workpiece.
  • an orderly-micro-grooved PCD grinding wheel for positive rake angle processing includes a wheel hub 1 , a PCD film 2 , a plurality of micro-grinding units 9 with a positive rake angle 11 and a plurality of microgrooves 10 with a high depth-width ratio.
  • the PCD film 2 with a thickness of 1-2 mm is deposited on an outer circumferential surface of the wheel hub 1 .
  • the microgrooves 10 which have an axial length that is equal to a thickness of the grinding wheel, a circumferential width of 20-50 ⁇ m, a depth of 500-800 ⁇ m and a depth-width ratio of 10-40:1 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the PCD film 2 .
  • the micro-grinding unit 9 with the positive rake angle 11 is provided between two adjacent microgrooves 10 , and the microgrooves 10 and the micro-grinding units 9 are both orderly arranged.
  • the micro-grinding unit 9 When the grinding wheel is configured to grind a workpiece 12 , the micro-grinding unit 9 is in contact with the workpiece 12 in the positive rake angle 11 , which ensures that the micro-grinding unit 9 can be used to process the workpiece in a positive rake angle 11 .
  • the microgrooves 10 are mainly configured to hold chip and store grinding liquid.
  • the micro-grinding units 9 with a positive rake angle 11 can process the workpiece in a positive rake angle, which reduces the grinding force ratio and the grinding temperature, effectively reducing the surface damage and greatly improving the grinding performance and efficiency.
  • the orderly-micro-grooved PCD grinding wheel for positive rake angle processing is manufactured as follows.
  • a wheel hub 1 was mechanically prepared from titanium alloy, and had a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 12 mm.
  • a PCD film 2 with a thickness of 2 mm was deposited on an outer circumferential surface of the wheel hub 1 made of titanium alloy by a HFCVD technique, then the outer circumferential surface of the PCD film 2 was polished by ion beam polishing to obtain a surface roughness of the PCD film of 0.2 ⁇ m.
  • the prepared PCD film 2 was used as a whole, which facilitated the combination with the wheel hub 1 , so that the prepared PCD film 2 can bear greater grinding force, and was less prone to falling off, improving the service life of the grinding wheel.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the PCD film 2 was processed by water-jet guided laser technique, where a laser beam 7 emitted by a laser head 3 was focused in a nozzle 6 through a glass window 4 on a water chamber 5 .
  • the water chamber 5 was pressurized to allow a water jet 8 to be ejected from the nozzle 6 and to guide the transmission of the laser beam 7 to the outer circumferential surface of the PCD film 2 .
  • the grinding wheel was offset by a certain angle, and a single microgroove 10 with an axial length (12 mm) that is equal to the thickness of the grinding wheel, a circumferential width of 20 ⁇ m, a depth of 500 ⁇ m and a depth-width ratio of 25 was manufactured by changing the relative movement orbit of the water jet 8 and the wheel hub 1 . Then the grinding wheel was indexed, and the outer circumference of the PCD film 2 was rotated over 100 ⁇ m, i.e., the circumferential width of a micro-grinding unit 9 , to carry out the processing for the next microgroove 10 .
  • the micro-grinding unit 9 with a positive rake angle of 30° was formed between the two microgrooves 10 .
  • the micro-grinding unit 9 was processed to form a clearance angle 13 of 40°.
  • the micro-grinding unit 9 was configured to cut a workpiece in a positive rake angle during the grinding process, which reduced the grinding force ratio and the grinding temperature, effectively reducing the occurrence of surface micro-crack and greatly improving the grinding performance and efficiency. Meanwhile, the water-jet guided laser technique can effectively prevent the micro-grinding unit 9 from being graphitized, so that the micro-grinding unit 9 can provide better surface-cutting effect, greatly extending the service life of the grinding wheel and improving the surface quality.
  • Step (2) was repeated to form a plurality of microgrooves 10 with high depth-width ratio and a plurality of ordered micro-grinding units 9 with a positive rake angle 11 at the entire circumference of the PCD film 2 , and respective micro-grinding units 9 were the same in size.
  • the ordered arrangement of the microgrooves 10 and the micro-grinding units 9 greatly improved the chip-holding space and facilitated the formation of ordered chip-removing channels during the grinding process, so that the chip-removing capacity was improved, which made the grinding wheel less prone to blockage.
  • the grinding fluid was promoted to enter into the grinding zone to provide an improved cooling effect, reducing surface thermal damage and effectively improving the grinding quality and surface-processing precision.
  • respective micro-grinding units were identical in geometry and size, so that the number of micro-grinding units involved in grinding per unit area was significantly increased during the grinding process, and the cutting edge of each micro-grinding unit can participate in the grinding, which greatly increased the effective number of cutting edges and reduced the cutting depth of the single cutting edge, effectively improving the grinding precision and efficiency.
  • the prepared grinding wheel was subjected to pickling and then ultrasonic cleaning in deionized water for 15 min to form the orderly-micro-grooved PCD grinding wheel for positive rake angle processing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
US16/677,635 2018-06-13 2019-11-07 Orderly-micro-grooved pcd grinding wheel for positive rake angle processing and method for making same Abandoned US20200070313A1 (en)

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US17/321,394 US20210268626A1 (en) 2018-06-13 2021-05-14 Orderly-micro-grooved pcd grinding wheel and method for making same

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CN201810608183.3 2018-06-13
CN201810608183.3A CN108747858B (zh) 2018-06-13 2018-06-13 可正前角加工的有序微槽结构pcd砂轮的制备方法
PCT/CN2019/090698 WO2019238040A1 (zh) 2018-06-13 2019-06-11 可正前角加工的有序微槽结构pcd砂轮及其制备方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108747858B (zh) * 2018-06-13 2020-04-03 长沙理工大学 可正前角加工的有序微槽结构pcd砂轮的制备方法
CN109570746A (zh) * 2018-12-13 2019-04-05 郑州元素工具技术有限公司 一种激光粗化金刚石的方法
US20230106068A1 (en) 2020-03-02 2023-04-06 Conopco, Inc., D/B/A Unilever An effective anti-acne personal care composition
CN111451952B (zh) * 2020-06-15 2021-11-05 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 一种具有微尺寸冷水槽的电镀砂轮的制作方法

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US20060154577A1 (en) * 1999-07-08 2006-07-13 Toho Engineering Kabushiki Kaisha Method of producing polishing pad
US6840851B1 (en) * 2000-09-28 2005-01-11 Inland Diamond Products Company Bevel edging wheel with swarf clearance
US20050060941A1 (en) * 2003-09-23 2005-03-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive article and methods of making the same
US20050272350A1 (en) * 2004-06-02 2005-12-08 Mv Marketing Und Vertriebs-Gmbh & Co. Kg Device and method for severing welds
US20170072511A1 (en) * 2015-09-11 2017-03-16 Baker Hughes Incorporated Methods and systems for removing interstitial material from superabrasive materials of cutting elements using energy beams
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CN110722464A (zh) 2020-01-24
CN108747858A (zh) 2018-11-06
CN110722464B (zh) 2022-01-18
WO2019238040A1 (zh) 2019-12-19

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