US20190368823A1

US20190368823A1 - Heat dissipation plate and method for manufacturing the same

Info

Publication number: US20190368823A1
Application number: US16/422,562
Authority: US
Inventors: Wei-Lung Chan; Wen-Ti CHENG
Original assignee: Cooler Master Co Ltd
Current assignee: Cooler Master Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-05-29
Filing date: 2019-05-24
Publication date: 2019-12-05
Also published as: US11680752B2; US20210381775A1; US11448470B2; US20190366418A1; US20220128313A1; US11131511B2

Abstract

A heat dissipation device includes a first plate having a first plurality of angled grooves arranged in a first direction, and a second plate having a second plurality of angled grooves arranged in the first direction. The second plate is coupled to the first plate, at least portions of the first plurality of angled grooves and the second plurality of angled grooves are connected to each other such that the first plurality of angled grooves and the second plurality of angled grooves define a fluid channel of the heat dissipation device, and the fluid channel includes coolant. The heat dissipation device also includes at least one capillary structure. At least a portion of the fluid channel is covered by the at least one capillary structure.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This non-provisional application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/677,329 filed May 29, 2018, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/824,531 filed Mar. 27, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/824,540 filed Mar. 27, 2019. The entire contents of the foregoing applications are hereby incorporated by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Example embodiments relate to a heat dissipation device, more particularly a heat dissipation plate having a capillary structure and a method for manufacturing the same.

BACKGROUND

As technology progresses, performance of electronic components has increased, and as a result, a large amount of heat is released during operation. To dissipate the generated heat, heat dissipation devices, such as a heat dissipation plate, are used with the electronic components. The heat dissipation plate includes a circulation channel filled with coolant. When the heat dissipation plate is in thermal contact with a heat source, such as an electrical component, the coolant in the circulation channel absorbs heat generated by the electronic component to cool the electronic component.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present disclosure is best understood from the following detailed description when read with the accompanying figures. It is emphasized that, in accordance with the standard practice in the industry, various features are not drawn to scale and are used for illustration purposes only. In fact, the dimensions of the various features may be arbitrarily increased or reduced for clarity of discussion.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a heat dissipation plate according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the heat dissipation plate in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation plate in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a heat dissipation plate according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the heat dissipation plate in FIG. 1 in thermal contact with two heat sources and including a coolant;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a heat dissipation plate according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the heat dissipation plate in FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation plate in FIG. 6.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the heat dissipation plate in FIG. 6 in thermal contact with two heat sources and including a coolant.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a heat dissipation plate according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the heat dissipation plate in FIG. 10.

FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation plate in FIG. 10.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the heat dissipation plate in FIG. 10 in thermal contact with two heat sources and including a coolant.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a front view of the roll-bonded heat exchanger in FIG. 14.

FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of the roll-bonded heat exchanger of FIG. 14 taken along line 16-16 in FIG. 15.

FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 22 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 24 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 25 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 26 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIGS. 27, 28, and 29 are views showing a process of forming capillary structure in the roll-bonded heat exchanger in FIG. 26.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

It is to be understood that the following disclosure provides many different embodiments, and examples, for implementing different features of the disclosure. Specific embodiments or examples of components and arrangements are described below to simplify the present disclosure. These are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to be limiting. For example, dimensions of elements are not limited to the disclosed range or values, but may depend upon process conditions and/or desired properties of the device. Moreover, the formation of a first feature over or on a second feature in the description that follows may include embodiments in which the first and second features are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which additional features may be formed interposing the first and second features, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact. Various features may be arbitrarily drawn in different scales for simplicity and clarity.
Further, spatially relative terms, such as “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. The spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein may likewise be interpreted accordingly. In addition, the term “made of” may mean either “comprising” or “consisting of.”
Embodiments in the present disclosure are directed to a heat dissipation device that improves the circulation of cooling fluid (also referred to as a coolant) in the heat dissipation device. The heat dissipation device, according to the example embodiments, permits the cooling fluid to flow in a direction opposite the force of gravity when the heat dissipation device is not completely filled with cooling fluid. In prior art heat dissipating devices, when a heat source is in thermal contact with the heat dissipation device above the surface of the cooling fluid in the heat dissipation device, the coolant circulating in the fluid channel of the heat dissipation device does not flow towards the heat source due to the gravitational force. Thus, heat generated by the heat source cannot be effectively dissipated by the cooling fluid.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a heat dissipation device 10 according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the heat dissipation device 10 in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation device 10 in FIG. 1. In an example, and as illustrated, the heat dissipation device 10 in FIG. 1 is a plate-type device, referred to herein as a heat dissipation plate 10. It should be noted that embodiments as discussed herein are not applicable only to plate-type heat dissipation devices, but are equally applicable to heat dissipation devices of any shape, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
As illustrated, the heat dissipation plate 10 includes a first plate 100, a second plate 200, and a capillary structure 300. The first plate 100 and the second plate 200 are disposed opposite each other and the capillary structure 300 is disposed between the first plate 100 and the second plate 200.
The first plate 100 has a first longitudinal edge (or side) 101 and a second longitudinal edge (or side) 102 opposite each other. The first plate 100 further has a first plurality of inclined or angled grooves 110 disposed in the longitudinal direction (or the X-direction in FIG. 1) and spaced apart from each other. Each groove 110 is a recess (or a concavity) that extends into the body of the first plate 100 and extends (in the Y-direction) between the first longitudinal edge 101 and the second longitudinal edge 102. Referring to FIG. 2, each groove 110 includes a first end 151 adjacent the first longitudinal edge 101 and a second end 152 adjacent the second longitudinal edge 102 and opposite the first end 151. As illustrated, the first end 151 is located higher than the second end 152, and, as a result, the grooves 110 are disposed at an angle in the first plate 100.
The first plate 100 also includes a first longitudinal groove 120 and a second longitudinal groove 130, both extending in the X-direction. The first longitudinal groove 120 is located adjacent the first longitudinal edge 101 and the second longitudinal groove 130 is located adjacent the second longitudinal edge 102. The first ends 151 of the grooves 110 are in fluid communication with the first longitudinal groove 120 and the second ends 152 of the grooves 110 are in fluid communication with the second longitudinal groove 130. Thus, the grooves 110 are in fluid communication with each other through the first and second longitudinal grooves 120 and 130. In FIG. 2, the first plate 100 is shown disposed vertically, and the direction indicated by the arrow G indicates the direction of the force of gravity.
The second plate 200 has a first longitudinal edge 201 and a second longitudinal edge 202 opposite each other. The second plate 200 also includes a second plurality of inclined or angled grooves 210 disposed in the longitudinal direction (or the X-direction in FIG. 1) and spaced apart from each other. Each groove 210 is a recess (or concavity) that extends into the body of the second plate 200 and extends (in the Y-direction) between the first longitudinal edge 201 and the second longitudinal edge 202. Referring to FIG. 2, each groove 210 includes a first end 171 adjacent the first longitudinal edge 201 and a second end 172 adjacent the second longitudinal edge 202 and opposite the first end 171. The first end 171 is located higher than the second end 172, and, as a result, the grooves 210 are disposed at an angle in the second plate 200.
The second plate 200 includes a first longitudinal groove 220 and a second longitudinal groove 230, both extending in the X-direction. The first longitudinal groove 220 is located adjacent the first longitudinal edge 201 and the second longitudinal groove 230 is located adjacent the second longitudinal edge 202. The first ends 171 of the grooves 210 are in fluid communication with the first longitudinal groove 220 and the second ends 172 of the grooves 210 are in fluid communication with the second longitudinal groove 230. Thus, the grooves 210 are in fluid communication with each other through the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the second plate 200 is coupled to the first plate 100, such that the grooves 110 are parallel to the grooves 210 and misaligned with the grooves 210. In such an arrangement, grooves 110 and grooves 210 are offset from each other. In one embodiment, grooves 110 and grooves 210 partially overlap each other. In another embodiment, the groove 210 is located between two grooves 110. Further, in this arrangement, the first and second longitudinal grooves 120 and 130 of the first plate 100 are respectively aligned and fluidly connected to the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200. As such, the grooves 110 and the grooves 210 are connected to each other via the first and second longitudinal grooves 120 and 130 of the first plate 100 and the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200 to form a fluid channel C (FIG. 3) that allows coolant to flow therethrough. The fluid channel C is continuous throughout the heat dissipation plate 10, although, as discussed below, the entire fluid channel C may not be filled with coolant L.
Furthermore, the heat dissipation plate 10 includes an inlet O defined by the second longitudinal groove 130 of the first plate 100 and the second longitudinal groove 230 of the second plate 200. The inlet O permits coolant to be introduced into the fluid channel C. As illustrated, the inlet O is aligned with the second longitudinal groove 130 and the second longitudinal groove 230.
The capillary structure 300 is located in the fluid channel C. The coolant does not completely fill the fluid channel C and only part of the fluid channel C is occupied by the coolant. The capillary structure 300 extends from a position below a surface of the coolant to a position above the surface of the coolant. As such, the capillary structure 300 is partially immersed in the coolant. In one embodiment, the capillary structure 300 is located in the grooves 210 and both of the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200. However, embodiments are not limited in this regard. In other embodiments, the capillary structure 300 may be located in the grooves 210 and only one of the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a capillary structure 300A is located in the grooves 210 and the second longitudinal groove 230 of the second plate 200. The groove 110 may be referred to as a vapor channel and groove 210 may be referred to as the flow channel.
In some embodiments, the capillary structure 300 may not completely overlap the grooves 210 and the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200. Stated otherwise, the capillary structure 300 may not completely line the grooves 210 and the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200. In another embodiment, the capillary structure 300 may partially overlap or line the grooves 210 and the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200. In yet another embodiment, if the first longitudinal groove 220 is adjacent a heat generating source, then the groove 210 and first longitudinal groove 220 above the surface S of the coolant L are completely lined with the capillary structure 300. The second longitudinal groove 230 does not include a capillary structure. Similarly, if the second longitudinal groove 230 is adjacent a heat generating source, then the groove 210 and second longitudinal groove 230 above the surface S of the coolant L are completely lined with the capillary structure 300. The first longitudinal groove 220 does not include a capillary structure.
FIG. 3 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation plate 10 including the capillary structure 300 in the fluid channel C defined by groove 210 of the second plate 200. As illustrated, the capillary structure 300 lines the groove 210, but does not completely fill (or occupy) the fluid channel C.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the heat dissipation plate 10 of FIG. 1 in thermal contact with two heat sources H1 and H2 and including coolant L. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the coolant L partially fills the fluid channel C. The heat dissipation plate 10 is positioned vertically, and the first heat source H1 and the second heat source H2 are in thermal contact with the heat dissipation plate 10 and respectively located below and above the surface S of the coolant L. When the first heat source H1 is generating heat (e.g., during operation), the coolant L in liquid form absorbs heat generated by the first heat source H1 and changes to vapor that flows in a direction opposite the arrow G to a relatively cooler portion of the heat dissipation plate 10. Because, the second heat source H2 is also generating heat, the relatively cooler portion of the heat dissipation plate 10 is to the right in FIG. 5 adjacent to the second longitudinal groove 230. The coolant L in vapor form condenses to liquid again and flows back to the lower portion of the fluid channel C (e.g., the relatively hotter portion of the heat dissipation plate 10) along the second longitudinal groove 230. The circulation of the coolant in the heat dissipation plate 10 is indicated by the arrow F.
Due to the heat generated by the second heat source H2 (e.g., during operation), the coolant is drawn from the lower portion of the fluid channel C via the capillary structure 300 to the second heat source H2. The coolant L changes to vapor that flows in the direction indicated by the arrow D1 towards the relatively cooler portion of the heat dissipation plate 10. The coolant in vapor form flowing away from the second heat source H2 condenses to liquid due to the relatively cooler portion of the heat dissipation plate 10. The condensed coolant in liquid form is transported toward the heat source H2 as indicated by the arrow D2. As such, the coolant flow due to the second heat source H2 has a relatively smaller circulation path compared to coolant flow when dissipating heat from the first heat source H1.
Accordingly, the heat dissipation plate 10 is able to dissipate heat generated by a heat source whether it is located below or above the surface of the coolant.
The heat dissipation plate 10 can be manufactured using a composite plate including a welding material, or by using a non-composite (e.g., aluminum) plate not including a welding material.
In the method using a composite plate including a welding material, one or more stamping processes are performed on two plates both having the welding material to obtain the first plate 100 having the first plurality of inclined grooves 110 and the first and second longitudinal grooves 120 and 130, and to obtain the second plate 200 having the second plurality of inclined grooves 210 and the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230.
The shapes and sizes of the grooves 110 and 210 and the longitudinal grooves 120, 130, 220, and 230 are not limited to any particular shape and size, and the shapes and sizes can vary as required by design and/or application. In some embodiments, the grooves 110 and 120 and the longitudinal grooves 120, 130, 220, and 230 may have different shapes and/or sizes in order to create a pressure difference for controlling the flowing direction of the vaporized coolant.
For example, the one or more grooves 110 of the first plate 100 may have a different cross-sectional shape or size. Similarly, the grooves 110 and the longitudinal grooves 120 and 130 of the first plate 100 may have a different cross-sectional shape or size. In other examples, the grooves 110 of the first plate 100 and the grooves 210 of the second plate 200 may have a different cross-sectional shape or size.
Then, powder is deposited in the second grooves 210 and the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200 and the second plate 200 is heated to form the capillary structure 300 via sintering.
At the same time, a welding flux is provided on a welding surface of the second plate 200 that is not covered by the powder in order to clean the welding surface, and thereby improve the welding quality. However, in other embodiments, the welding flux is omitted.
The first plate 100 and the second plate 200 are coupled to each other (e.g., the plates may be stacked over each other) and are aligned with each other by a fixture and then welded. Thus, the welding and sintering operations are performed simultaneously. The fixture resists the stress occurring during the welding process and thus prevents the deformation of the first plate 100 and the second plate 200. The fixture is made of graphite or other materials which do not interact with the welding material.
Then, the first plate 100 and the second plate 200 are heated to melt the welding material and fix the first plate 100 and the second plate 200 to each other. In addition, the heating also sinters the powder to obtain the capillary structure 300.
Then, air in the fluid channel C is removed through the inlet O and then coolant L is filled into the fluid channel C through the inlet O. In one embodiment, a pipe is welded to the inlet O to suck out the air from the fluid channel C and to then introduce coolant L into the fluid channel C.
In the method using a non-composite plate not including a welding material (e.g., welding by using a solder), one or more stamping processes are performed on two plates not having welding material so as to obtain the first plate 100 having the first plurality of inclined grooves 110 and the first and second longitudinal grooves 120 and 130, and to obtain the second plate 200 having the second plurality of inclined grooves 210 and the first groove 220 and the second groove 230.
The shapes and sizes of the grooves 110 and 210 and the longitudinal grooves 120, 130, 220, and 230 are not limited to any particular shape and size, and the shapes and sizes can vary as required by design and/or application. In some embodiments, the grooves 110 and 120 and the longitudinal grooves 120, 130, 220, and 230 may have different shapes and/or sizes in order to create a pressure difference for controlling the flowing direction of the vaporized coolant.
For example, the one or more grooves 110 of the first plate 100 may have a different cross-sectional shape or size. Similarly, the grooves 110 and the longitudinal grooves 120 and 130 of the first plate 100 may have a different cross-sectional shape or size. In other examples, the grooves 110 of the first plate 100 and the grooves 210 of the second plate 200 may have a different cross-sectional shape or size.
Then, powder is deposited in the grooves 210 and the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200. The powder is sintered to obtain the capillary structure 300. As discussed above, in one embodiment, the powder may be disposed in the grooves 210 and only one of the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200.
Then, a welding material is provided on a surface to be welded of the second plate 200 that is not covered by the powder.
A welding flux is then provided on the welding material disposed on the second plate 200 to improve the welding quality.
The first plate 100 and the second plate 200 are coupled to each other (e.g., the plates may be stacked over each other) and are aligned with each other by a fixture. The fixture resists the stress occurring during the welding process and thus prevents the deformation of the first plate 100 and the second plate 200. The fixture is made of graphite or other materials which do not interact with the welding material.
The first plate 100 and the second plate 200 are welded together. Air in the fluid channel C is removed through the inlet O and coolant L is introduced into the fluid channel C through the inlet O. In one embodiment, a pipe may be welded to the inlet O of the heat dissipation plate 10 to and air may be sucked out of the fluid channel C via the pipe. Coolant L is then introduced into the fluid channel C using the pipe.
The capillary structure 300 is formed by disposing the powder at the grooves 210 and the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200 and sintering it, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the capillary structure may be first formed from the capillary powder, and then installed into the grooves 210 and the first and second longitudinal grooves 220 and 230 of the second plate 200. As a result, the capillary structure can be formed in the first plate 100 and the second plate 200.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a heat dissipation plate 10 a according to another embodiment. FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the heat dissipation plate 10 a in FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation plate 10 a in FIG. 6.
The heat dissipation plate 10 a includes a first plate 100 a, a second plate 200 a and a capillary structure 300 a. The first plate 100 a and the second plate 200 a are disposed opposite each other and the capillary structure 300 is disposed between the first plate 100 a and the second plate 200 a.
The first plate 100 a has a first longitudinal edge (or side) 101 a and a second longitudinal edge (or side) 102 a opposite each other. The first plate 100 a further has a first plurality of inclined or angled grooves 110 a disposed in the longitudinal direction (or the X-direction in FIG. 6) and spaced apart from each other. Each groove 110 a is a recess (or a concavity) that extends into the body of the first plate 100 a and extends (in the Y-direction) between the first longitudinal edge 101 a and the second longitudinal edge 102 a. Referring to FIG. 7, each groove 110 a includes a first end 151 a adjacent the first longitudinal edge 101 a and a second end 152 a adjacent the second longitudinal edge 102 a and opposite the first end 151 a. As illustrated, the first end 151 a is located lower than the second end 152 a, and, as a result, the grooves 110 a are disposed at an angle in the first plate 100 a. It will be understood that the grooves 110 a are considered angled or inclined with reference to the top (or bottom) edge of the first plate 100 a.
The first plate 100 a also includes a longitudinal groove 130 a extending in the X-direction. The longitudinal groove 130 a is located adjacent the second longitudinal edge 102 a. The second ends 152 a of the grooves 110 a are in fluid communication with the longitudinal groove 130 a. Thus, the grooves 110 a are in fluid communication with each other through the longitudinal groove 130 a. In FIG. 6, the first plate 100 a is shown disposed vertically, and the direction indicated by the arrow G is the direction of the force of gravity.
The second plate 200 a has a first longitudinal edge 201 a and a second longitudinal edge 202 a opposite each other. The second plate 200 a also includes a second plurality of inclined or angled grooves 210 a disposed in the longitudinal direction (or the X-direction in FIG. 6) and spaced apart from each other. Each groove 210 a is a recess (or concavity) that extends into the body of the second plate 200 a and extends (in the Y-direction) between the first longitudinal edge 201 a and the second longitudinal edge 202 a. Referring to FIG. 7, each groove 210 a includes a first end 171 a adjacent the first longitudinal edge 201 a and a second end 172 a adjacent the second longitudinal edge 202 a and opposite the first end 171 a. The first end 171 a is located higher than the second end 172 a, and, as a result, the grooves 210 a are disposed at an angle in the second plate 200 a. Referring to FIG. 7, it will be understood that the longitudinal grooves 110 a and 210 a are orientated in opposite directions. It will be understood that the grooves 210 a are considered angled or inclined with reference to the top (or bottom) edge of the second plate 200 a.
The second plate 200 a includes a longitudinal groove 220 a extending in the X-direction. The longitudinal groove 220 a is located adjacent the first longitudinal edge 201 a. The first ends 171 a of the grooves 210 are in fluid communication with the longitudinal groove 220 a. Thus, the grooves 210 a are in fluid communication with each other through the longitudinal groove 220 a.
As illustrated in FIG. 6, the second plate 200 a is coupled to the first plate 100 a such that portions of the inclined grooves 110 a and portions of the inclined grooves 210 a intersect each other and the inclined grooves 110 a are connected in fluid communication with each other via the inclined groove 210 a and the longitudinal groove 130 a. The inclined grooves 110 a, the inclined grooves 210 a, the longitudinal groove 120 a and the longitudinal groove 220 a together form a fluid channel C that allows coolant L to flow therethrough. The fluid channel C is continuous throughout the heat dissipation plate 10 a, although, as discussed below, the entire fluid channel C may not be filled with coolant L.
As illustrated, the longitudinal groove 130 a and the longitudinal groove 220 a are located at two opposite ends of the grooves 110 a, but embodiments are not limited in this regard. In other embodiments, the longitudinal groove 130 a and the longitudinal groove 220 a may be located at the same end of the grooves 110 a.
The heat dissipation plate 10 a has an inlet O formed by the topmost groove 110 a and the topmost groove 210 a, each proximate the top of the heat dissipation plate 10 a. The inlet O allows coolant L to be introduced into the fluid channel C.
The capillary structure 300 a is located in the fluid channel C. The coolant does not completely fill the fluid channel C and only part of the fluid channel C is occupied by the coolant L. The capillary structure 300 a extends from below a surface S of the coolant L to above the surface S of the coolant L. Stated otherwise, the capillary structure 300 a is partially submerged in coolant. As illustrated, the capillary structure 300 a is located in the grooves 210 a and the longitudinal groove 220 a of the second plate 200 a.
However embodiments are not limited in this regard. In other embodiments, the capillary structure 300 a may be disposed in the first plate 100 a. In other embodiments, the heat dissipation plate 10 a may have two capillary structures respectively disposed on the first plate 100 a and the second plate 200 a.
Furthermore, the capillary structure 300 a may not be completely overlapped with the grooves 210 a and the longitudinal groove 220 a of the second plate 200 a. Stated otherwise, the capillary structure 300 a may not completely line the grooves 210 a and the longitudinal groove 220 a. In another embodiment, the capillary structure 300 a may partially overlap or line the grooves 210 a and the longitudinal groove 220 a of the second plate 200 a.
FIG. 8 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation plate 10 a including the capillary structure 300 a in the fluid channel C defined by grooves 110 a and 210 a. As illustrated, the capillary structure 300 a lines the groove 210 a, but does not completely fill (or occupy) the fluid channel C.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the heat dissipation plate 10 a in FIG. 6 in thermal contact with two heat sources H1 and H2 and including coolant L. In FIG. 9, coolant L partially fills the fluid channel C. The heat dissipation plate 10 a is positioned vertically, and the first heat source H1 and the second heat source H2 are in thermal contact with the heat dissipation plate 10 a and respectively located below and above the surface S of the coolant L. When the first heat source H1 is generating heat (e.g., during operation), the coolant L in liquid form absorbs heat generated by the first heat source H1 and changes to vapor that flows in a direction opposite the arrow G to a relatively cooler portion of the heat dissipation plate 10 a. The coolant L in vapor form condenses to liquid and flows back to the lower portion of the fluid channel C (e.g., the relatively hotter portion of the heat dissipation plate 10 a). The circulation of the coolant in the heat dissipation plate 10 a is indicated by the arrow F.
Due to the heat generated by the second heat source H2, coolant is drawn from the lower portion of the fluid channel C via the capillary structure 300 a to the second heat source H2. The coolant L changes to vapor that flows in the direction of arrow D1 towards the relatively cooler portion of the heat dissipation plate 10 a. The coolant in the vapor form flowing away from the second heat source H2 condenses to liquid due to the relatively cooler portion of the heat dissipation plate 10 a. The condensed coolant is transported towards the heat source H2 as indicated by the arrow D2. As such, the coolant flow due to the second heat source H2 has a relatively smaller circulation path compared to the coolant flow due to the first heat source H1.
Accordingly, the heat dissipation plate 10 a is able to dissipate heat generated by the heat source whether it is located below or above the surface of the coolant.
The manufacturing process of the heat dissipation plate 10 a is similar to that of the heat dissipation plate 10, thus a discussion thereof is omitted for the sake of brevity.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a heat dissipation plate 10 b according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the heat dissipation plate 10 b in FIG. 10. FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation plate 10 b in FIG. 10.
The heat dissipation plate 10 b includes a first plate 100 b, a second plate 200 b and a plurality of capillary structures 300 b. The first plate 100 b and the second plate 200 b are disposed opposite each other and the capillary structures 300 b are disposed between the first plate 100 b and the second plate 200 b.
The first plate 100 b has a first longitudinal edge (or side) 101 b and a second longitudinal edge (or side) 102 b opposite each other. The first plate 100 b further has a first plurality of inclined or angled grooves 110 b disposed in the longitudinal direction (or the X-direction in FIG. 10) and spaced apart from each other. Each groove 110 b is a recess (or a concavity) that extends into the body of the first plate 100 b and extends (in the Y-direction) between the first longitudinal edge 101 b and the second longitudinal edge 102 b. Referring to FIG. 11, each groove 110 b includes a first end 151 b adjacent the first longitudinal edge 101 b and a second end 152 b adjacent the second longitudinal edge 102 b and opposite the first end 151 b. As illustrated, the first end 151 b is located lower than the second end 152 b, and, as a result, the grooves 110 b are disposed at an angle in the first plate 100 b. It will be understood that the grooves 110 b are considered angled or inclined with reference to the top (or bottom) edge of the first plate 100 b.
In FIG. 10, the first plate 100 b is shown disposed vertically, and the direction indicated by the arrow G is the direction of the force of gravity.
The second plate 200 b has a first longitudinal edge 201 b and a second longitudinal edge 202 b opposite each other. The second plate 200 b includes a second plurality of inclined or angled grooves 210 b disposed in the longitudinal direction (or the X-direction in FIG. 6) and spaced apart from each other. Each groove 210 b is a recess (or concavity) that extends into the body of the second plate 200 b and extends (in the Y-direction) between the first longitudinal edge 201 b and the second longitudinal edge 202 b. Referring to FIG. 11, each groove 210 b includes a first end 171 b adjacent the first longitudinal edge 201 b and a second end 172 b adjacent the second longitudinal edge 202 b and opposite the first end 171 b. The first end 171 b is located higher than the second end 172 b, and, as a result, the grooves 210 b are disposed at an angle in the second plate 200 b. It will be understood that the grooves 210 b are considered angled or inclined with reference to the top (or bottom) edge of the second plate 200 b. Referring to FIG. 11, it will be understood that the grooves 110 b and 220 b are orientated in opposite directions.
As illustrated in FIG. 10, the second plate 200 b is coupled to the first plate 100 b such that portions of the first grooves 110 b and portions of the inclined grooves 210 b intersect each other and the inclined grooves 110 b are connected in fluid communication with each other via the inclined grooves 210 b. The inclined grooves 110 b and the inclined grooves 210 b together form a fluid channel C that allows coolant L to flow therethrough. The fluid channel C is continuous throughout the heat dissipation plate 10 b, although, as discussed below, the entire fluid channel C may not be filled with coolant L.
The heat dissipation plate 10 b has an inlet O formed by topmost groove 110 b and the topmost groove 210 b, each located proximate the top of the heat dissipation plate 10 b. The inlet O allows coolant L to be introduced into the fluid channel C.
The capillary structures 300 b are located in the fluid channel C. The coolant L does not completely fill the fluid channel C and only part of the fluid channel C is occupied by the coolant L. The capillary structures 300 b are arranged from below a surface S of the coolant L to above the surface S of the coolant L. Stated otherwise, the capillary structure 300 b is partially submerged in coolant. In one embodiment and as illustrated, the capillary structures 300 b are located in corresponding grooves 210 b of the second plate 200 b. However, embodiments are not restricted in this regard. In other embodiments, the capillary structures 300 b may be disposed in the first plate 100 b. In still other embodiments, the capillary structures 300 b may be disposed in both the first plate 100 b and the second plate 200 b.
The capillary structures 300 b may not completely overlapped or lined with the grooves 210 b of the second plate 200 b. In yet another embodiment, the capillary structures 300 b may partially overlap or line the second grooves 210 b of the second plate 200 b.
FIG. 12 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation plate 10 b including the capillary structure 300 b in the fluid channel C defined by grooves 110 b and 210 b. As illustrated, the capillary structure 300 b lines the groove 210 b, but does not completely fill (or occupy) the fluid channel C.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the heat dissipation plate 10 b in FIG. 10 in thermal contact with two heat sources H1 and H2 and including coolant L. In FIG. 13, coolant L partially fills the fluid channel C. The heat dissipation plate 10 b is positioned vertically, and the first heat source H1 and the second heat source H2 are in thermal contact with the heat dissipation plate 10 b and respectively located below and above the surface S of the coolant L. When the first heat source H1 is generating heat (e.g., during operation), the coolant L in liquid form absorbs heat generated by the first heat source H1 and changes to vapor that flows in a direction opposite the arrow G to a relatively cooler portion of the heat dissipation plate 10 b. The coolant L in vapor form condenses to the liquid and flows back to the lower portion of the fluid channel C (e.g., the relatively hotter portion of the heat dissipation plate 10 b). The circulation of the coolant in the heat dissipation plate 10 b is indicated by the arrow F.
Due to the heat generated by the second heat source H2, coolant is drawn from the lower portion of the fluid channel C via the capillary structure 300 b to the second heat source H2. The coolant L changes to vapor that flows in the direction of arrow D1 towards the relatively cooler portion of the heat dissipation plate 10 b. The coolant in vapor form flowing away from the second heat source H2 condenses to liquid due to the relatively cooler portion of the heat dissipation plate 10 b. The condensed coolant is transported towards the second heat source H2 as indicated by the arrow D2. As such, the coolant flow due to the second heat source H2 has a relatively smaller circulation path compared to the coolant flow due to the first heat source H1.
Accordingly, the heat dissipation plate 10 b is able to dissipate heat generated by the heat sources whether it is located below or above the surface of the coolant.
The manufacturing process of the heat dissipation plate 10 b is similar to that of the heat dissipation plate 10, and therefore a discussion thereof is omitted for the sake of brevity.
In the aforementioned example embodiments, the first plate and the second plate both have inclined grooves, but the disclosure is not limited in this regard. In other embodiments, only one of the first plate and the second plate may have inclined grooves.
According to the heat dissipation plate according to example embodiments discussed above, the capillary structure is disposed in the fluid channel, such that the coolant is able to flow against the force of gravity via the capillary structure and to the portion of the fluid channel close to the heat source located above the surface of the coolant. Therefore, the heat dissipation plate according to example embodiments is capable of dissipating heat generated by the heat source located below or above the surface of the coolant.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 15 is a front view of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a viewed in the direction of arrow M. FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a along line 16-16 in FIG. 15. It should be noted that, although example embodiments are discussed below with reference to a roll-bonded heat exchanger, the example embodiments are not limited thereto and are equally applicable to other types of heat dissipating devices without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
The roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a dissipates heat generated by a heat source (e.g., an electronic circuit) that is in thermal contact with the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a. The heat source is, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), but embodiments are not limited thereto. Referring to FIG. 16, the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a includes a heat conducting plate structure 1400 a and a capillary structure 1610 a enclosed within the heat conducting plate structure 1400 a. The heat conducting plate structure 1400 a includes a channel 1405 a and an opening 1406 a that are connected to each other. The channel 1405 a is sized and shaped (or otherwise configured) to include a coolant (not shown). The coolant is, for example, water or refrigerant, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The coolant may occupy about 30 to 70 percent of the volume of the channel 1405 a. However, in other embodiments, the volume of the channel 1405 a occupied by the coolant can be more or less as required. The coolant can be introduced into the channel 1405 a via the opening 1406 a.
The heat conducting plate structure 1400 a includes a first plate 1410 a and a second plate 1420 a sealingly bonded with each other. The first plate 1410 a includes a first surface 1412 a that defines (or otherwise includes) a first recess (or a concavity) 1411 a. The second plate 1420 a includes a second surface 1422 a that is planar. The second surface 1422 a faces the first surface 1412 a when the first plate 1410 a and the second plate 1420 a are bonded with each other. As illustrated, in such an arrangement, the first recess 1411 a is located between the first surface 1412 a and the second surface 1422 a. The first surface 1412 a and the second surface 1422 a cooperatively define the channel 1405 a.
As shown in FIG. 15, the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a includes a refrigerant area A1, a cooling area A2 and a heat absorbing area A3. The refrigerant area A1 is located below the heat absorbing area A3, and the cooling area A2 is located between the refrigerant area A1 and the heat absorbing area A3. When the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a is used to dissipate heat from a heat source, the heat absorbing area A3, the cooling area A2, and the refrigerant area A1 are arranged along a gravitational direction indicated by the arrow G with the refrigerant area A1 being the bottom-most portion of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a. The refrigerant area A1 of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a is configured to store the coolant. The cooling area A2 of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a is configured to release the heat in the gas-phase coolant and thereby condense the gas-phase coolant to the liquid-phase coolant. The heat absorbing area A3 of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a is configured to be in thermal contact with the heat source to absorb the heat generated by the heat source.
The capillary structure 1610 a is located in the channel 1405 a and disposed on the entire first surface 1412 a and extends from the refrigerant area A1 to the heat absorbing area A3.
When the coolant in the heat absorbing area A3 of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a absorbs the heat generated by the heat source, the coolant is vaporized to the gas phase. The pressure difference is created in the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a and this causes the vaporized coolant to flow from the heat absorbing area A3 to the cooling area A2. Then, the vaporized coolant is condensed to the liquid phase in the cooling area A2. The liquid-phase coolant flows back to the heat absorbing area A3 along a direction indicated by the arrow H opposite to the gravitational direction via the capillary structure 1610 a. A portion of the liquid-phase coolant also flows to the refrigerant area A1. The coolant is thus circulated in the channel 1405 a.
In other embodiments, the capillary structure may also be disposed on the second surface 1422 a of the second plate 1420 a. FIG. 17 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a according to an exemplary embodiment. As illustrated, a capillary structure 1610 b is disposed over the entire second surface 1422 a of the second plate 1420 a in addition to the capillary structure 1610 a being disposed over the entire first surface 1412 a of the first plate 1410 a. However, embodiments are not limited in this regard and in other embodiments, the capillary structure 1610 b may be disposed on only portions of the second surface 1422 a.
It should be noted that the number of capillary structures in the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a is not limited in any regard. FIG. 18 is a partial cross-sectional view of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 18, the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a includes two capillary structures 1610 c and 1620 c spaced apart from each other and arranged adjacent opposite ends of the first surface 1412 a in the first recess 1411 a.
FIG. 19 is a partial cross-sectional view of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 19, the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a includes a single capillary structure 1610 d disposed on the first surface 1412 a and in the first recess 1411 a and spaced from two opposite edges 1421 d of the first recess 1411 a. In one embodiment, the capillary structure 1610 d may be located centrally in the first recess 1411 a on the first surface 1412 a.
FIG. 20 is a partial cross-sectional view of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 20, the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a includes multiple capillary structures on the first surface 1412 a in the first recess 1411 a. As illustrated, the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a includes a first capillary structure 1610 e, a second capillary structure 1620 e, a third capillary structure 1630 e, and a fourth capillary structure 1640 e on the first surface 1412 a in the first recess 1411 a. The first capillary structure 1610 e, the second capillary structure 1620 e, the third capillary structure 1630 e, and the fourth capillary structure 1640 e are spaced apart from each other. The first capillary structure 1610 e and the second capillary structure 1620 e are arranged adjacent two opposite ends of the first surface 1412 a. The third capillary structure 1630 e and fourth capillary structure 1640 e are arranged on the first surface 1412 a between the first capillary structure 1610 e and the second capillary structure 1620 e.
In example embodiments, the second surface 1422 a of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a may not be planar. FIG. 21 is a partial cross-sectional view of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 21, the second surface 1422 a of the second plate 1420 a defines (or includes) a second recess (or concavity) 1421 f. The second recess 1421 f is aligned with the first recess 1411 a such that the ends of the first recess 1411 a contact the ends of the second recess 1421 f. The first surface 1412 a in the first recess 1411 a and the second surface 1422 a in the second recess 1421 f cooperatively define the channel 1405 a of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a. Capillary structure 1610 a is located in the channel 1405 a and disposed on the entire first surface 1412 a in the first recess 1411 a. However, embodiments are not limited in this regard. In other embodiments, the capillary structure 1610 a may be disposed only on a portion of the first surface 1412 a.
FIG. 22 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment. Compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 21, in the embodiment in FIG. 22, capillary structure 1610 b is disposed on the entire second surface 1422 a in addition to the capillary structure 1610 a disposed on the entire first surface 1412 a. However, embodiments are not limited in this regard. In other embodiments, the capillary structures 1610 a and 1610 b may be disposed only on portions of the respective first and second surfaces 1412 a and 1422 a.
FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment. Compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, in the embodiment in FIG. 23, the channel 1405 a includes two capillary structures 1610 h and 1620 h spaced apart from each other and respectively disposed adjacent the two opposite ends of the first surface 1412 a. However, in other embodiments, capillary structures 1610 h and 1620 h may be disposed adjacent the two opposite ends of the second surface 1422 a. In still other embodiments, capillary structures may be disposed on both the first surface 1412 a and the second surface 1422 a.
FIG. 24 is a partial cross-sectional view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 24, the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a includes a single capillary structure 210 i disposed on the first surface 1412 a and in the first recess 1411 a and spaced from the opposite edges 1421 d of the first recess 1411 a. In one embodiment, the capillary structure 210 i may be located centrally in the first recess 1411 a on the first surface 1412 a. However, in other embodiments, the capillary structure 210 i may be disposed on the second surface 1422 a in the recess 1421 a. In still other embodiments, capillary structures may be disposed on both the first surface 1412 a and the second surface 1422 a.
FIG. 25 is a partial cross-sectional view of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 25, the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a includes the first capillary structure 1610 e, the second capillary structure 1620 e, the third capillary structure 1630 e, and the fourth capillary structure 1640 e on the first surface 1412 a in the first recess 1411 a. The first capillary structure 1610 e, the second capillary structure 1620 e, the third capillary structure 1630 e, and the fourth capillary structure 1640 e are spaced apart from each other. The first capillary structure 1610 e and the second capillary structure 1620 e are respectively located on two opposite ends of the first surface 1412 a. The third capillary structure 1630 e and fourth capillary structure 1640 e are spaced apart from each other and arranged on the first surface 1412 a between the first capillary structure 1610 e and the second capillary structure 1620 e. However, in other embodiments, the first capillary structure 1610 e, the second capillary structure 1620 e, the third capillary structure 1630 e, and the fourth capillary structure 1640 e may be disposed on the second surface 1422 a in the recess 1421 a. In still other embodiments, the four capillary structures may be disposed on both the first surface 1412 a and the second surface 1422 a.
The capillary structures 1610 a, 1610 b, 1610 c, 1620 c, 1610 d, 1610 e, 1620 e, 1630 e, 1640 e, 1610 h, and 1620 h may be made of or otherwise include a metal, such as aluminum, copper, nickel or titanium. Alternatively, the capillary structures 1610 a, 1610 b, 1610 c, 1620 c, 1610 d, 1610 e, 1620 e, 1630 e, 1640 e, 1610 h, and 1620 h may be made of or otherwise include a non-metallic material, such as carbon tube, graphite, glass fiber or polymer. The capillary structures 1610 a, 1610 b, 1610 c, 1620 c, 1610 d, 1610 e, 1620 e, 1630 e, 1640 e, 1610 h, and 1620 h may include vent holes, grooves, planar or three-dimensional woven meshes (or tube bundles), or the combination thereof.
The capillary structures 1610 a, 1610 b, 1610 c, 1620 c, 1610 d, 1610 e, 1620 e, 1630 e, 1640 e, 1610 h, and 1620 h may be manufactured by (1) filling powder in the channel 1405 a and sintering the powder, (2) inserting a molded capillary structure in the channel, or (3) placing a molded capillary structure in graphite printing tubes in the bottom and top metal plates (e.g., plates 1410 a and 1420 a). Briefly, in graphite printing, a pre-determined pattern of the capillary structures is printed on surfaces of the top and bottom plates prior to roll bonding the plates. This prevents the top and bottom plates from completely bonded together.
The capillary structures 1610 a, 1610 b, 1610 c, 1620 c, 1610 d, 1610 e, 1620 e, 1630 e, 1640 e, 1610 h, and 1620 h may also be manufactured by directly replacing the material of the graphite printing tubes by the capillary structure made from a carbon tube or polymer, a stamping process, sandblasting surfaces of the bottom and top metal plates (e.g., plates 1410 a and 1420 a), or etching the surfaces of the bottom and top metal plates (e.g., plates 1410 a and 1420 a).
FIG. 26 is an isometric view of a roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 k according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 27, FIG. 28, and FIG. 29 are views showing a process of forming a capillary structure of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 k in FIG. 26. As illustrated, a roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 k includes a heat conducting plate body 1400 k having a plurality of angled channels 1405 k formed as grooves (or recesses) in the bottom plate of the heat conducting plate body 1400 k and a plurality of angled channels 1403 k formed as grooves (or recesses) in the top plate of the heat conducting plate body 1400 k that are orientated opposite angled channels 1405 k. The angled channels 1403 k and 1405 k extend in a straight line (without any bends or curves) in the body of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 k. Each angled channel 1405 k includes a single capillary structure 1610 k. It will be understood that the angled channels 1403 k and 1405 k are considered angled or inclined with reference to the top (or bottom) edge of the heat conducting plate body 1400 k.
There are two methods for forming the capillary structures 1610 k in the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 k. In a first method, the capillary structures 1610 k are placed into the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 k prior to roll bonding the top and bottom plates of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 k. The roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 k may be similar in some aspects to the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 a and may include two plates (similar to the plates 1410 a and 1420 a) bonded to each other. In a second method, the capillary structures 1610 k are placed in the channels 1405 k after roll bonding the two plates forming the heat conducting plate body 1400 k.
In the first method, the capillary structures 1610 k are formed on the surfaces of plates that form the heat conducting plate body 1400 k by, for example, disposing metal woven mesh on the surfaces of at least one of the plates facing each other. Specifically, the top and bottom plates of the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 k are stamped to form the channels 1403 k and 1405 k, respectively, and the metal woven mesh is disposed in one of the channels 1403 k and 1405 k. For the sake of discussion, the metal woven mesh is depicted as disposed in channel 1405 k. The metal woven mesh forms the capillary structure of the heat conducting plate body 1400 k. In one embodiment, the metal woven mesh is welded to the surface of the plates. Alternatively, the surfaces of the plates are chemically etched to create micro pores or micro structures for forming the capillary structure of the heat conducting plate body 1400 k. In another embodiment, the surfaces of the plates are sandblasted to form the capillary structure of the heat conducting plate body 1400 k.
Then, the top and bottom plates are contacted against each other and the edges of the plates are sealingly bonded to each other by, for example, a roll bonding process. A blow molding process is then performed to create the channels 1405 k. Briefly, in the blow molding process, indentations are provided at predetermined locations on opposite surfaces of the top and bottom plates. After bonding the two plates together, gas is pumped into the opening 1406 a. The pressure of the gas will thus blow up the channels 1405 k along the paths defined by the indentations. The air in the roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 k is removed and the opening 1406 a is sealed by welding, for example.
In the second method, the heat conducting plate body 1400 k is cut along the line B shown in FIG. 26, such that, the angled channels 1403 k and 1405 k are exposed (See FIG. 27) via openings 1407 k. The capillary structures 1610 k are respectively placed into the angled channels 1405 k via the openings 1407 k along a direction D. FIG. 28 illustrates the heat conducting plate body 1400 k with the capillary structures 1610 k placed in the angled channels 1405 k. The angled channels 1405 k are referred to as flow channels since liquid flows through the capillary structures 1610 k in these channels. The angled channels 1403 k are referred to as vapor channel since vapor that is generated after interaction with a heat generating source flows through these channels. As shown in FIG. 29, a roll bonding process is performed to seal the openings 1407 k and create a flat structure 150 k. The ends of the flat structure 150 k are welded to seal the roll-bonded heat exchanger.
The capillary structures 1610 k may be formed in the angled channels 1405 k by three different methods. In a first method, copper braids or rolled-up metal meshes or copper cloths are introduced in the angled channel 1405 k via the openings 1407 k. In a second method (illustrated in FIG. 27), copper powder is sintered to obtain the capillary structures 1610 k in shape of pillars and the pillars are placed in the inclined channels 1405 k. In the third method, fixtures (e.g., stick-like structures) are inserted into the angled channels 1405 k and then copper powder is poured in the space between the angled channels 1405 k and the fixtures to fill the space. The roll-bonded heat exchanger 140 k is subjected to vibrations so that the copper powder is more uniformly filled in the angled channels 1405 k. The copper power is sintered to obtain the capillary structures 1610 k.
The roll-bonded heat exchangers according to example embodiments discussed above, provide a guiding structure and a capillary structure to assist coolant to flow opposite to the force of gravity, so that the coolant in the cooling area located below the heat absorbing area is able to flow back to the heat absorbing area and thereby circulate in the roll-bonded heat exchanger. Therefore, the heat dissipation efficiency of the roll-bonded heat exchanger is improved. Compared to conventional vapor chambers, the heat dissipation efficiency of the vapor chamber according to example embodiments is increased by at least 30 percent.
The foregoing outlines features of several embodiments or examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the aspects of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they may readily use the present disclosure as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures for carrying out the same purposes and/or achieving the same advantages of the embodiments or examples introduced herein. Those skilled in the art should also realize that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and that they may make various changes, substitutions, and alterations herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation device, comprising:

a first plate having a first plurality of angled grooves arranged in a first direction;

a second plate having a second plurality of angled grooves arranged in the first direction, wherein

the second plate is coupled to the first plate,

at least portions of the first plurality of angled grooves and the second plurality of angled grooves are connected to each other such that the first plurality of angled grooves and the second plurality of angled grooves define a fluid channel of the heat dissipation device, and

the fluid channel includes coolant; and

at least one capillary structure, wherein at least a portion of the fluid channel is covered by the at least one capillary structure.

2. The heat dissipation device according to claim 1, wherein the first plurality of angled grooves are not in direct fluid communication with each other, the second plurality of angled grooves are not in direct fluid communication with each other, a portion of the first plurality of angled grooves and a portion of the second plurality of angled grooves intersect each other and the first plurality of angled grooves are fluidly connected to each other via the second plurality of angled grooves.

3. The heat dissipation device according to claim 2, wherein the heat dissipation device includes at least two capillary structures, the at least two capillary structures are respectively located in at least part of the first plurality of angled grooves and at least part of the second plurality of angled grooves.

4. The heat dissipation device according to claim 1, wherein the first plate includes a first longitudinal groove extending in the first direction, a same end of each groove of the first plurality of angled grooves is connected to the first longitudinal groove, the second plate includes a second longitudinal groove extending in the first direction, a same end of each groove of the second plurality of angled grooves is connected to the second longitudinal groove, and the second longitudinal groove and the first longitudinal groove are arranged at opposite sides of the first plurality of angled grooves.

5. The heat dissipation device according to claim 4, wherein the first plurality of angled grooves are parallel to the second plurality of angled grooves and wherein the first plurality of angled grooves are offset from the second plurality of angled grooves.

6. The heat dissipation device according to claim 4, wherein the first plurality of angled grooves and the second plurality of angled grooves intersect each other and the first plurality of angled grooves are connected to each other via the second plurality of angled grooves.

7. The heat dissipation device according to claim 6, wherein the heat dissipation device includes at least two capillary structures, a first capillary structure of the at least two capillary structures is arranged in at least a portion of the first plurality of angled grooves and the first longitudinal groove, and a second capillary structure of the at least two capillary structures is arranged in at least a portion of the second plurality of angled grooves and the second longitudinal groove.

8. The heat dissipation device according to claim 1, wherein the first plate includes two longitudinal grooves extending in the first direction, opposite ends of each groove of the first plurality of angled grooves are fluidly connected to the two longitudinal grooves of the first plate, the second plate includes two longitudinal grooves extending in the first direction, opposite ends each groove of the second plurality of angled grooves are connected to the two longitudinal grooves of the second plate, and the two longitudinal grooves of the second plate are connected to corresponding longitudinal grooves of the two longitudinal grooves of the first plate.

9. The heat dissipation device according to claim 8, wherein the heat dissipation device includes at least two capillary structures, a first capillary structure of the at least two capillary structures is arranged in at least a portion of the first plurality of angled grooves and the two longitudinal grooves of the first plate, and a second capillary structure of the at least two capillary structures is arranged in at least a portion of the second plurality of angled grooves and the two longitudinal grooves of the second plate.

10. The heat dissipation device according to claim 8, wherein the first plurality of angled grooves are parallel to the second plurality of angled grooves and are disposed between two adjacent grooves of the second plurality of angled grooves.

11. The heat dissipation device according to claim 8, wherein the first plurality of angled grooves and the second plurality of angled grooves intersect each other and the first plurality of angled grooves are fluidly connected to each other via the second plurality of angled grooves.

12. The heat dissipation device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one capillary structure is partially submerged in the coolant.

13. A heat dissipation device, comprising:

a first plate including a first plurality of angled grooves arranged in a first direction and at least one longitudinal groove extending in the first direction, wherein a same end of each groove of the first plurality of angled grooves is connected to the at least one longitudinal groove;

a second plate coupled to the first plate, wherein the second plate, the first plurality of angled grooves and the at least one longitudinal groove cooperatively form a fluid channel, wherein the fluid channel includes coolant; and

at least one capillary structure, wherein at least a portion of a surface of the fluid channel is covered by the at least one capillary structure.

14. The heat dissipation device according to claim 13, wherein the at least one capillary structure is located in at least a portion of the first plurality of angled grooves and the at least one longitudinal groove.

15. The heat dissipation device according to claim 13, wherein the at least one capillary structure is arranged on the second plate.

16. The heat dissipation device according to claim 13, wherein the first plate includes at least two longitudinal grooves, opposite ends of each groove of the first plurality of angled grooves are fluidly connected to the at least two longitudinal grooves.

17. The heat dissipation device according to claim 16, wherein the at least one capillary structure is located in at least a portion of the first plurality of angled grooves and the at least two longitudinal grooves.

18. The heat dissipation device according to claim 16, wherein the at least one capillary structure is arranged on the second plate.

19. The heat dissipation device according to claim 16, wherein the heat dissipation device includes at least two capillary structures, a first capillary structure of the at least two capillary structures is arranged in at least part of the first plurality of angled grooves and the at least two longitudinal grooves of the first plate, and a second capillary structure of the at least two capillary structures is arranged on the second plate.

20. The heat dissipation device according to claim 13, wherein the at least one capillary structure is partially submerged in the coolant.

21. A heat dissipating device, comprising:

a first plate including a first surface; and

a second plate sealingly bonded to the first plate, the second plate including a second surface contacting the first surface, wherein

the first plate includes a first recess, the first recess at least partially defining a channel of the heat dissipating device, and

a first capillary structure is disposed in the channel and on the first surface.

22. The heat dissipating device of claim 21, further comprising a second capillary structure disposed in the channel and on the second surface.

23. The heat dissipating device of claim 21, wherein the first capillary structure is disposed on an entirety of the first surface in the channel.

24. The heat dissipating device of claim 21, wherein the first capillary structure is disposed only on a portion of the first surface in the channel.

25. The heat dissipating device of claim 24, wherein the first capillary structure is disposed in a central portion of the first surface in the channel.

26. The heat dissipating device of claim 21, further comprising a second capillary structure disposed in the channel on the first surface and spaced from the first capillary structure.

27. The heat dissipating device of claim 26, wherein the first capillary structure and the second capillary structure are disposed at opposite ends of the first surface.

28. The heat dissipating device of claim 21, wherein the second plate includes a second recess, the second recess at least partially defining the channel.

29. The heat dissipating device of claim 28, wherein the first recess and the second recess are aligned with each other.

30. The heat dissipating device of claim 28, wherein a second capillary structure is disposed in the channel and on the second surface.

31. The heat dissipating device of claim 30, wherein the first capillary structure is disposed on an entirety of the first surface in the channel, and the second capillary structure is disposed on an entirety of the second surface in the channel.

32. The heat dissipating device of claim 28, wherein the first capillary structure is disposed on an entirety of the first surface in the channel.

33. The heat dissipating device of claim 28, wherein the first capillary structure is disposed only on a portion of the first surface in the channel.

34. The heat dissipating device of claim 33, wherein the first capillary structure is disposed in a central portion of the first surface in the channel.

35. The heat dissipating device of claim 28, further comprising a second capillary structure disposed in the channel on the first surface and spaced from the first capillary structure.