US20180274051A1 - Method for producing a starting material for the production of metallic components having regions of different strength - Google Patents

Method for producing a starting material for the production of metallic components having regions of different strength Download PDF

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Publication number
US20180274051A1
US20180274051A1 US15/762,505 US201615762505A US2018274051A1 US 20180274051 A1 US20180274051 A1 US 20180274051A1 US 201615762505 A US201615762505 A US 201615762505A US 2018274051 A1 US2018274051 A1 US 2018274051A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
region
thermal energy
semifinished material
semifinished
supplied
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US15/762,505
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English (en)
Inventor
Stéphane GRAFF
Sascha Sikora
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
ThyssenKrupp AG
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
ThyssenKrupp AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG, ThyssenKrupp AG filed Critical ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Assigned to THYSSENKRUPP AG, THYSSENKRUPP STEEL EUROPE AG reassignment THYSSENKRUPP AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GRAFF, Stéphane, SIKORA, SASCHA
Publication of US20180274051A1 publication Critical patent/US20180274051A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1294—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a localized treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a semifinished material for the production of metallic components having regions of different strength.
  • Components having regions of different strength are used in automotive construction, for example.
  • increased strengths are usually provided in those regions which are intended to be deformed only to a small degree in the event of a crash.
  • Regions with low strength can deform to a greater extent in the event of a crash, and in the process absorb the high impact energies which arise in the event of a crash.
  • Tailored tempering is a hot forming process in which generally coated semifinished materials, for example coated shaped blanks, are heated as a whole in a temperature range of 880° C. to 950° C., and then hot-formed in a forming tool.
  • the forming tool comprises a plurality of temperature zones, by means of which the metal sheet is cooled at different speeds. This gives rise to a component having locally different strength properties.
  • a martensitic material structure is formed in the rapidly cooled regions, and therefore these regions have an increased strength. Those regions which are cooled slowly have a reduced strength.
  • the object of the present invention is that of reducing the time required for producing metallic components having regionally different strength properties.
  • the object is achieved by a method for producing a semifinished material for the production of metallic components having regions of different strength, wherein,
  • the uncoated semifinished material is hardened in a first region, such as to give a first region having a strength which is increased compared to a second region. It is not necessary to heat the second region and to allow it to cool slowly in order to obtain regions having a strength which is reduced compared to the first region. It is thereby possible to reduce the time which is required to produce regions having different strength properties. Furthermore, a component having regions of different strength can be produced by means of cold forming, in particular by deep drawing or roll profiling.
  • the uncoated semifinished material preferably contains iron, and particularly preferably is a steel material.
  • the uncoated semifinished material can be in the form of a hot strip obtained by hot rolling.
  • the uncoated semifinished material may be a cold strip obtained by cold rolling.
  • the uncoated semifinished material can be configured as a shaped blank. Shaped blanks of this type can be obtained, for example, by being cut off from a hot strip or a cold strip. Furthermore, it is possible for the shaped blank to already have a two-dimensional basic form of the component to be produced.
  • the uncoated semifinished material preferably does not comprise any layer applied to the surface of the semifinished material. It is particularly preferable that the uncoated semifinished material is not zinc-plated or galvanized.
  • the use of an uncoated semifinished material means that there is no need to be afraid of the occurrence of undesirable changes to the semifinished material and/or any coating of the semifinished material owing to the heating of the first region and/or the subsequent rapid cooling of the first region.
  • the thermal energy is supplied by way of a laser.
  • the laser makes it possible to focus the energy emitted thereby onto a prespecified region, such that this region is heated.
  • the thermal energy can be supplied by way of one or more induction coils. By way of the induction coil, it is possible to inductively heat the first region.
  • the first region of the semifinished material preferably has a strip-shaped form.
  • a strip-shaped semifinished material such as for example a hot strip or a cold strip
  • the cooling can be effected by guiding the strip-shaped semifinished material to a cooling apparatus after it has been guided to the energy supply device.
  • the cooling apparatus can be used to apply a gaseous and/or liquid cooling medium to the first region of the semifinished material, in order to cool the semifinished material in the first region.
  • Semifinished material of this type may be used for the production of those components for automotive construction which absorb impact energy in the event of a crash and in the process are to be deformed in a controlled manner, such as for example a crash box or a longitudinal member.
  • the strip-shaped regions of different strength which alternate with one another can be folded together like an accordion in the event of a crash.
  • a plurality of adjacent strip-shaped first portions have an identical center-to-center spacing, such that substantially uniform folding can occur in the event of a crash.
  • the strip-shaped first portions may furthermore have an identical width.
  • a plurality of adjacent strip-shaped first portions may be formed in such a manner that they have different center-to-center spacings. By selecting different center-to-center spacings, it is possible to set a nonuniform folding behavior of the component in the event of a crash.
  • One preferred embodiment provides that, in the first step, a third region of the semifinished material is supplied with thermal energy in such a manner that the third region is heated to a higher temperature than the first region, and that the third region is likewise cooled in the second step. In this way, a higher proportion of the material structure can be converted into austenite in the third region than in the first region. During the subsequent cooling of the first region and of the third region, a higher strength is achieved in the third region than in the first region. In this respect, it is possible to produce different regions having an individually increased strength in the semifinished material.
  • the semifinished material has a material thickness and the thermal energy is supplied in the first region in a manner distributed inhomogeneously over the material thickness.
  • the thermal energy is supplied in a manner which is not distributed uniformly over the entire material thickness, but instead only a selected subregion of the material cross section is exposed to an increased thermal energy, while another subregion of the material cross section is not exposed to thermal energy at all, or is exposed to thermal energy only to a small extent. It is thereby possible to produce a region in the semifinished material which has a strength profile distributed inhomogeneously over the material thickness.
  • the energy is preferably supplied inhomogeneously by way of a laser, it being possible for a maximum of the energy output to be set by way of the optics of the laser.
  • the material thickness of the semifinished material is preferably greater than 2 mm, particularly preferably greater than 3 mm.
  • a maximum of the supplied thermal energy is arranged in an inner region, in particular in the center, of the semifinished material, such as to produce a first region in which the surfaces of the semifinished material have a lower strength than the inner region. Regions treated in this way can be bent and/or chamfered in a subsequent processing step, with the risk of undesired breaking of the semifinished material being reduced.
  • the semifinished material is formed by cold rolling and/or by warm rolling after the thermal energy has been supplied to the first region.
  • cold rolling is to be understood as rolling of the semifinished material at room temperature.
  • Warm rolling is understood to mean rolling of the semifinished material at a warm rolling temperature which is increased compared to room temperature, the warm rolling temperature being selected in such a manner that the semifinished material does not undergo austenitization.
  • the contact of the semifinished material with the rollers makes it possible for thermal energy to be transferred to the rollers, such that the cooling of the semifinished material can be promoted.
  • the semifinished material can be wound up, in particular onto a coil, after the thermal energy has been supplied to the first region.
  • the semifinished material is formed by pressing, in particular in a plate press, after the thermal energy has been supplied to the first region.
  • thermal energy can be discharged into a pressing tool, in particular a pressing plate, of the press, such that the cooling of the semifinished material is promoted.
  • the pressing tool, in particular the pressing plate it is particularly preferable for the pressing tool, in particular the pressing plate, to be actively cooled.
  • the semifinished material is coated in a third step following the second step.
  • the coating which follows the heating and cooling of the first region, makes it possible for the surface of the semifinished material to be protected against corrosion and/or against external influences, without it being necessary to fear a situation in which the coating is influenced by the heating and cooling.
  • the semifinished material is coated by electrolytic means, for example is subjected to electrolytic zinc plating.
  • the semifinished material may be subjected to hot-dip coating, in particular hot-dip galvanizing.
  • the energy supply device preferably comprises a laser or an induction coil.
  • the apparatus comprises a conveying device for conveying the semifinished material in a direction of transport.
  • Provision is preferably made of a plurality of energy supply devices, which are arranged spaced apart from one another along a transverse direction arranged transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the direction of transport, such that the semifinished material can be guided past the energy supply devices.
  • the cooling apparatuses are preferably arranged in such a manner that the semifinished material conveyed along the direction of transport is guided firstly past the energy supply devices and thereafter past the cooling apparatuses.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of an apparatus for producing a semifinished material for the production of metallic components having regions of different strength.
  • FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, an apparatus 1 , by means of which semifinished materials 10 for metallic components having regions of different strength are produced for automotive construction.
  • an uncoated semifinished material 10 preferably composed of a steel material, particularly preferably composed of a manganese-boron steel, of strip-shaped form is supplied to the apparatus 1 .
  • the semifinished material 10 may be a hot strip or cold strip.
  • the semifinished material 10 is provided in a manner wound up onto a coil 2 . During the processing, the semifinished material 10 is unwound from the coil 2 and conveyed in a direction of transport T by way of a conveying device (not shown).
  • the semifinished material 10 is guided by means of the conveying device firstly past a plurality of energy supply devices 3 , by way of which a first region 5 of the semifinished material 10 is supplied with thermal energy.
  • a first region 5 of the semifinished material 10 is supplied with thermal energy.
  • the first region 5 is heated above the Ac1 temperature of the semifinished material 10 , preferably above the Ac3 temperature of the semifinished material 10 , and the material structure in the first region 5 is converted at least partially, preferably completely, into austenite.
  • the energy supply devices 3 introduce the thermal energy exclusively into the first region 5 of the semifinished material 10 .
  • a second region 6 of the semifinished material 10 which does not pass into the region of influence of the energy supply devices 3 when the semifinished material 10 is guided past the energy supply devices 3 , is not exposed to thermal energy. This means that—contrary to the first region—no conversion of the material structure into austenite occurs in the second region.
  • the energy supply devices 3 are arranged spaced apart from one another on a straight line, which runs along a transverse direction Q arranged perpendicular to the direction of transport T.
  • the energy supply devices 3 each comprise a laser or an induction coil.
  • the spaced-apart arrangement of the energy supply devices 3 produces a first region 5 comprising strip-shaped first portions 5 . 1 , 5 . 2 , which are separated from one another in each case by a strip-shaped second portion 6 . 1 of the second region 6 .
  • adjacent strip-shaped first portions 5 . 1 , 5 . 2 have different center-to-center spacings.
  • the semifinished material 10 is guided past a plurality of cooling apparatuses 4 .
  • the heated first region 5 of the semifinished material 10 is cooled in such a manner that the material structure in the first region is converted at least partially into martensite. This gives rise to a first region 5 which has an increased strength compared to the second region 6 .
  • the cooling apparatuses 4 are arranged spaced apart from one another on a straight line, which runs along a transverse direction Q arranged perpendicular to the direction of transport T.
  • the spacings of the cooling apparatuses 4 are selected in such a manner that a portion 5 . 1 , 5 . 2 of the first region 5 is supplied to a cooling apparatus 4 after it has been heated by an energy supply apparatus 3 .
  • a gaseous and/or liquid cooling medium is applied to the semifinished material 10 , in particular the first region 5 of the semifinished material 10 , by way of the cooling apparatuses 4 .
  • the uncoated semifinished material 10 is hardened in the first region 5 , with the second region 6 not being hardened and essentially retaining its original strength. Heating of the second region 6 is not required.
  • the semifinished material 10 is cold-rolled and/or warm-rolled.
  • the semifinished material 10 is coated (zinc-plated), for example by an electrolytic coating method or hot-dip coating.
  • the thermal energy is introduced differently by way of a plurality of energy supply apparatuses 3 in such a manner that a higher temperature is reached in a third region than in the first region 5 .
  • a temperature between the Ac1 temperature and the Ac3 temperature can be set in the first region and a temperature above the Ac3 temperature of the semifinished material 1 can be set in the third region.
  • a higher proportion of the structure is therefore austenitized in the third region than in the first region 5 .
  • Both the first region 5 and the third region are cooled by way of the cooling apparatuses 4 , and therefore a martensitic material structure is formed in the first region 5 and in the third region, the third region having an increased strength compared to the first region.
  • the thermal energy can be supplied in the first region and/or in the third region in a manner distributed inhomogeneously over the material thickness of the semifinished material 10 .
  • a strength profile distributed inhomogeneously over the material thickness can be produced.
  • the energy is preferably supplied by way of a laser, it being possible for a maximum of the energy output to be set by way of the optics of the laser.
  • the laser can be focused in such a manner that a maximum of the supplied thermal energy is arranged in an inner region of the semifinished material. This produces a first region and/or third region in which the surfaces of the semifinished material have a lower strength than the inner region.
  • a semifinished material 10 which is configured as an uncoated shaped blank.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
US15/762,505 2015-09-22 2016-09-06 Method for producing a starting material for the production of metallic components having regions of different strength Abandoned US20180274051A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015116014.5A DE102015116014B3 (de) 2015-09-22 2015-09-22 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vormaterials für die Herstellung von metallischen Bauteilen mit Bereichen unterschiedlicher Festigkeit
DE102015116014.5 2015-09-22
PCT/EP2016/070929 WO2017050559A1 (de) 2015-09-22 2016-09-06 Verfahren zur herstellung eines vormaterials für die herstellung von metallischen bauteilen mit bereichen unterschiedlicher festigkeit

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US20180274051A1 true US20180274051A1 (en) 2018-09-27

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US15/762,505 Abandoned US20180274051A1 (en) 2015-09-22 2016-09-06 Method for producing a starting material for the production of metallic components having regions of different strength

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Country Link
US (1) US20180274051A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3353330A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2018532882A (de)
KR (1) KR20180055864A (de)
CN (1) CN108026602B (de)
DE (1) DE102015116014B3 (de)
WO (1) WO2017050559A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US20170247774A1 (en) * 2016-02-26 2017-08-31 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Continuous tailor heat-treated blanks
US11777072B2 (en) * 2018-11-09 2023-10-03 Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Electrode plate rolling apparatus and electrode plate rolling method

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DE102018121770A1 (de) * 2018-09-06 2020-03-12 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Bandes aus umwandlungsfähigem Stahl als Vormaterial für ein Bauteil mit Bereichen unterschiedlicher Festigkeiten
AT16583U3 (de) * 2019-09-06 2020-12-15 Voestalpine Krems Gmbh Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung mindestens eines, zumindest in einem Teilabschnitt gehärteten Stahlprofils
CN112481466B (zh) * 2020-10-30 2022-10-28 四川惊雷科技股份有限公司 碳钢-不锈钢复合板的补救热处理工艺

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170247774A1 (en) * 2016-02-26 2017-08-31 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Continuous tailor heat-treated blanks
US11777072B2 (en) * 2018-11-09 2023-10-03 Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Electrode plate rolling apparatus and electrode plate rolling method

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Publication number Publication date
DE102015116014B3 (de) 2017-01-26
EP3353330A1 (de) 2018-08-01
JP2018532882A (ja) 2018-11-08
WO2017050559A1 (de) 2017-03-30
CN108026602A (zh) 2018-05-11
KR20180055864A (ko) 2018-05-25
CN108026602B (zh) 2020-07-28

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