US20180056637A1 - Heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet having excellent weatherability and process for producing the same - Google Patents

Heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet having excellent weatherability and process for producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20180056637A1
US20180056637A1 US15/682,612 US201715682612A US2018056637A1 US 20180056637 A1 US20180056637 A1 US 20180056637A1 US 201715682612 A US201715682612 A US 201715682612A US 2018056637 A1 US2018056637 A1 US 2018056637A1
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Prior art keywords
heat
sheet
polyvinyl chloride
insulating transparent
phr
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US15/682,612
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English (en)
Inventor
Te-Chao Liao
Ying-Te Huang
Chen-Ho LAI
Chao-Hsien Lin
Ching-Yao Yuan
Teng-Ko MA
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Nan Ya Plastics Corp
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Nan Ya Plastics Corp
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Assigned to NAN YA PLASTICS CORPORATION reassignment NAN YA PLASTICS CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HUANG, YING-TE, LAI, CHEN-HO, LIAO, TE-CHAO, LIN, CHAO-HSIEN, MA, TENG-KO, YUAN, CHING-YAO
Publication of US20180056637A1 publication Critical patent/US20180056637A1/en
Priority to US16/409,198 priority Critical patent/US10696030B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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    • C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/10—Transparent films; Clear coatings; Transparent materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/16—Applications used for films

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a weatherable heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet (hereinafter referred to as weatherable PVC sheet) and a process for producing the same. More particularly, the weatherable PVC sheet possesses a long-term service life to keep more excellent in visible light transmittance property as well as infrared-blocking property than prior arts.
  • Heat-insulating transparent sheets themselves for use in being covered to building glasses, car windows or showcase freezers to transmit visible light and block infrared (IR) as well as ultraviolet (UV) are required to have physical properties excellent in not only visual transparency, but also infrared and ultraviolet cutting-off effect.
  • PVC sheet polyvinyl chloride
  • the PVC sheet when a PVC sheet is used to cover onto building glass and car windows, the PVC sheet must further have UV-shielding capacity to protect human body from UV sunburn because ultraviolet in wavelength ranged from 200 nm to 400 nm in sunlight can cause a certain level of damage to human body.
  • the conventional processes for producing the aforesaid PVC sheet include a dry-coating process and a wet-coating process, but the produced PVC sheet in practical application subject to physical properties decayed quickly has a shorter service life.
  • a PVC sheet 10 made by the dry-coating process has a metal, metallic oxide or inorganic material 12 uniformly attached on a plastic substrate 11 by a vacuum sputtering or evaporating process as a heat-insulating layer.
  • heat-insulating inorganic particles 22 are distributed uniformly in an appropriate resin 23 and solvent to form a coating liquid with appropriate viscosity for coating on a plastic substrate 21 .
  • the inorganic particles 22 and the resin 23 become a heat-insulating layer attached on the plastic substrate 21 .
  • the conventional method for making the aforesaid PVC sheet is complicatedly composed of at least two procedures.
  • the first procedure is to prepare a matrix membrane (or called substrate) and then the second procedure is to apply or deposit infrared-blocking or ultraviolet-shielding material onto the matrix membrane surface.
  • ATO antimony tin oxide
  • AZO antimony zinc oxide
  • LaB 6 lanthanum hexaboride
  • CeB 6 cerium hexaboride
  • a transparent heat-shielding film itself if formed from prior conventional method is irradiated with an accelerated weathering tester to perform a 300-hour service life test (or called QUV300 hr weatherability test) in line with ASTM G-154 specifications, resulted in that a physical property of regarding a sum of a visible light transmittance (VLT %) plus an infrared cut rate (IR cut %) of the transparent heat-shielding film itself is subject to decay at least 10 percentage (i.e., 10%). Accordingly, it is meant that the transparent heat-shielding film formed from prior conventional method is so inferior in weatherability.
  • the present invention provides a weatherable heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet having a thickness of ranging from 0.02 mm to 2.0 mm and possesses an excellent weatherability in respect of a visible light transmittance as well as infrared cut rate (IR cut %), and particularly, if performed a test in 300-hour service life in line with ASTM G-154 specification, having a physical property of regarding a sum of a visible light transmittance (VLT %) plus an infrared cut rate (IR cut %) of the sheet decayed smaller than five percentage.
  • the invented weatherable PVC sheet of the present invention has better retention of heat insulation effects, slower decay, and superior light transmittance as well as infrared shielding ability.
  • the present invention further provides a weatherable PVC sheet formed from a PVC mixture including (a) 100 PHR (parts per hundred resin) of a polyvinyl chloride resin; (b) 0.1-60 PHR of a plasticizer; (c) 1-10 PHR of epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO); (d) 0.1-10 PHR of a stabilizer; (e) 0.05-5.0 PHR of an ultraviolet absorber; (f) 0.05-0.2 PHR of a coupling agent; and (g) 5.5-7.5 PHR of a heat-insulation paste.
  • a weatherable PVC sheet formed from a PVC mixture including (a) 100 PHR (parts per hundred resin) of a polyvinyl chloride resin; (b) 0.1-60 PHR of a plasticizer; (c) 1-10 PHR of epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO); (d) 0.1-10 PHR of a stabilizer; (e) 0.05-5.0 PHR of an ultraviolet absorber; (f) 0.05-0.2 PHR of
  • the present invention features the composition (g) of heat-insulation paste of the PVC mixture for use in making the weatherable PVC sheet is made by preparing a mixture of a heat-insulation wolfram cesium powder (WCs), a dispersant and a plasticizer, and being ground to a nano-sized particle ranged from 40 nm to 110 nm.
  • heat-insulation paste of the PVC mixture has the following composition made to 100 wt %:
  • the present invention further features the wolfram cesium powder (WCs) of the heat-insulation paste of the PVC mixture has a particle size ranged from 0.005 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m, and is a kind of composite tungsten oxychloride powder with a chemical formula of Cs X N Y WO 3-Z Cl C , where Cs is cesium; N is tin (Sn) or antimony (Sb) or bismuth (Bi); W is wolfram; O is oxygen; and X, Y, Z, C are all positive numbers, with the following relationship satisfied:
  • the present invention further provides a process for producing the weatherable PVC sheet to allow the aforesaid PVC mixture, after undergone a calendaring process by a calendar, or undergone a T-Die process by a T-Die machine, or undergone a blow-molding process by a blow-molding machine, to become the weatherable PVC sheet, which possesses an excellent weatherability in respect of a visible light transmittance as well as infrared cut rate (IR cut %), and particularly, if performed a test in 300-hour service life in line with ASTM G-154 specification, having a physical property of regarding a sum of a visible light transmittance (VLT %) plus an infrared cut rate (IR cut %) of the sheet decayed smaller than five percentage.
  • VLT visible light transmittance
  • IR cut % infrared cut rate
  • the produced weatherable PVC sheet of the present invention itself due to having the inventive heat-insulation paste evenly distributed over the PVC sheet has a self-adhesive capacity so it is suitable for family use.
  • the weatherable PVC sheet may provide different levels of heat insulation and transmittance, and is suitable for various applications, such as building glass, car windows and showcase freezers, etc. It is also ideal for family do it yourself (DIY), industrial use and other applications where energy conservation is a concern.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional enlarged view of a heat-insulating transparent sheet produced by a conventional dry-coating process
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional enlarged view of a heat-insulating transparent sheet produced by a conventional wet-coating process
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional enlarged view of a weatherable PVC sheet of the present invention produced by a disclosed process of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing that two layers of the weatherable PVC sheet of FIG. 3 are stacked together as a multi-layered weatherable PVC sheet for use;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing that one layer of the weatherable PVC sheet of FIG. 3 is laminated with other plastic matrix together as a complex-layered weatherable PVC sheet for use;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing that a plastic matrix is interleaved into two layers of the weatherable PVC sheets of FIG. 3 together for use.
  • a weatherable heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet (or abbreviated as weatherable PVC sheet) 30 of the present invention is a soft, semi-hard or hard sheet having a thickness of ranging from 0.02 mm to 2.0 mm and contains a PVC substrate 31 having heat-insulation pastes 32 evenly distributed over the PVC substrate 31 .
  • the weatherable PVC sheet 30 is formed from a PVC mixture including (a) 100 PHR of a polyvinyl chloride resin; (b) 0.1-60 PHR of a plasticizer; (c) 1-10 PHR of epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO); (d) 0.1-10 PHR of a stabilizer; (e) 0.05-5.0 PHR of an ultraviolet absorber; (f) 0.05-0.2 PHR of a coupling agent; and (g) 5.5-7.5 PHR of the heat-insulation paste 32 .
  • a PVC mixture including (a) 100 PHR of a polyvinyl chloride resin; (b) 0.1-60 PHR of a plasticizer; (c) 1-10 PHR of epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO); (d) 0.1-10 PHR of a stabilizer; (e) 0.05-5.0 PHR of an ultraviolet absorber; (f) 0.05-0.2 PHR of a coupling agent; and (g) 5.5-7.5 PHR of the heat-insulation paste 32 .
  • the heat-insulation paste 32 of the PVC mixture of the present invention being ground to have a nano-sized particle ranged from 40 nm to 110 nm, is prepared by a mixture having the following composition made to 100 wt %:
  • WCs wolfram cesium powder
  • a dispersant preferably polymeric co-polymer dispersants
  • a plasticizer preferably 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DHIN).
  • the wolfram cesium powder (WCs) of the heat-insulation paste 32 is a kind of composite tungsten oxychloride powder with a chemical formula of Cs X N Y WO 3-Z Cl C , where Cs is cesium; N is tin (Sn) or antimony (Sb) or bismuth (Bi); W is wolfram; O is oxygen; and X, Y, Z, C are all positive numbers, with the following relationship satisfied:
  • the aforesaid dispersant may be one or more selected from polymeric co-polymer dispersants, silicon-containing dispersants, and fluorine-containing dispersants.
  • the dispersant serves to have the heat-insulation paste 32 evenly distributed over the weatherable PVC sheet 30 of the present invention.
  • heat-insulation paste 32 of the present invention sized in nano-sized particle ranged from 40 nm to 110 nm is performed with yttrium-zirconium beads. And, a mixture of the heat-insulation paste 32 of the present invention is prepared by having 10-18 wt % of wolfram cesium powder (WCs) added into 77-88 wt % of the plasticizer of DHIN, and 2-5 wt % of a polymeric dispersant is added.
  • WCs wolfram cesium powder
  • a process for grinding the mixture with yttrium-zirconium beads is performed to obtain a dispersed heat-insulation paste 32 with a particle size ranged from 40 nm to 110 nm.
  • the particle size of the dispersed heat-insulation paste 32 is determined by the following two grinding conditions:
  • Single-stage grinding parameters include grinding beads of 0.2-0.6 mm in diameter being used; medium filling rate of 80-95%; sieving size of 15-100 ⁇ m; grinding temperature below 50° C. and grinding time of 6-12 hours.
  • a process for producing the disclosed weatherable PVC sheet 30 of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin can be one or a composition of more than one of a PVC polymer or copolymer made by bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization.
  • the plasticizer used in step a) of the process for producing the weatherable PVC sheet 30 is one or more selected from plasticizers based on phosphates, phthalates, trimellitates, epoxides, polyesters, chlorinated hydrocarbons and aliphatic dicarboxylic esters.
  • the phthalate-based plasticizer is preferably one or more selected from C9-C11 dialkyl phthalate (commercially available from 911P made by Nan Ya Plastic Corporation, Taiwan), di-isononyl phthalate (DINP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), di-butyl phthalate (DBP), di-iso-decyl phthalate (DIDP) or di-2-ethylhexyl terePhthalate (DOTP).
  • C9-C11 dialkyl phthalate commercially available from 911P made by Nan Ya Plastic Corporation, Taiwan
  • DINP di-isononyl phthalate
  • DEHP di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate
  • DBP di-butyl phthalate
  • DIDP di-iso-decyl phthalate
  • DIDP di-2-ethylhexyl terePhthalate
  • the aliphatic dicarboxylic ester-based plasticizer is one or more selected from di-isononyl adipate (DINA) or dioctyl adipate (DOA).
  • DINA di-isononyl adipate
  • DOA dioctyl adipate
  • trimellitate-based is preferably one or more selected from tris (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM).
  • the polyester-based plasticizer is one or more selected from 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DHIN) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DHEH).
  • DHIN 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester
  • DHEH bis(2-ethylhexyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate
  • the heat-insulation paste 32 containing nano-sized composite tungsten oxychlorides of 0.005-2 ⁇ m used in step a) has a particle size of 40 nm-110 nm, and the particle size of the heat-insulation paste 32 depends on practical needs for various physical properties such as transparency and haze.
  • the stabilizer used may be one or more composite stabilizers selected from Ba—Zn stabilizers, Ca—Zn stabilizers and organic tin stabilizers.
  • an auxiliary may be added and selected from one or more of modifiers, dispersants, and ultraviolet absorbers.
  • the additive auxiliary agent serves to evenly distribute the heat-insulation paste 32 of the present invention over in the PVC substrate 31 of the weatherable PVC sheet 30 .
  • the coupling agent may be one or more of an organic silane compound coupling agent, an organic Zr—Al compound coupling agent and organic titanium aluminide, which is favorable to processing and prevents precipitation.
  • the ultraviolet (UV) absorber may be one or more selected from a hydroxy-phenyl benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber, and a hydroxybenzophenone ultraviolet absorber.
  • the disclosed weatherable PVC sheet 30 of the present invention may be used with one layer or may be stacked into a multi-layered structure for increased thickness to replace glass.
  • a multi-layered weatherable PVC sheet 40 of the present invention is formed from two layers of the weatherable PVC sheet 30 stacked together for use.
  • a complex-layered weatherable PVC sheet 50 of the invention is formed from laminating one layer of the weatherable PVC sheet 30 with other plastic matrix 40 together for use.
  • another complex-layered weatherable PVC sheet 60 of the present invention is formed from interleaving one layer of plastic matrix 40 into two layers of the weatherable PVC sheet 30 of the present invention together for use.
  • the weatherable PVC sheet 30 produced from the aforesaid process of the present invention possesses an excellent weatherability in respect of a visible light transmittance as well as infrared cut rate (IR cut %), and particularly, if performed a test in 300-hour service life in line with ASTM G-154 specification, having a physical property of regarding a weatherability decay rate (%), which is defined from the difference ratio in percentage of VLT % plus IR cut % (i.e., VLT %+IR cut %) before and after the test, is decayed smaller than five percentage (i.e., 5%).
  • the transmittance and the haze of a PVC sheet are tested with the TC-H ⁇ Haze Meter produced by Tokyo Denshoku Co., Ltd. of Japan, and the test is conducted according to the JIS K7705 testing standard.
  • VLT visible light transmittance
  • the infrared cut rate of a PVC sheet is tested with the LT-3000 infrared cut rate tester produced by HOYA of Japan, and the test is conducted according to the JIS R3106 testing standard.
  • the ultraviolet cut rate of a PVC sheet is tested with the LT-3000 infrared cut rate tester produced by HOYA of Japan, and the test is conducted according to the JIS R3106 testing standard.
  • the 300-hour service life test (or QUV300 hr weatherability test) is performed to a specimen of PVC sheet with the following parameters:
  • the specimen of the PVC sheet received (1) a test for visible light transmission and haze, and (2) a test for infrared shielding ability, where test specimen of the PVC sheet were tested for the sum of a visible light transmittance (VLT %) plus an infrared cut rate (IR cut %) of the PVC sheet.
  • VLT visible light transmittance
  • IR cut infrared cut rate
  • a weatherability decay rate (%) of the PVC sheet is defined from the difference ratio in percentage of VLT %+IR cut % before and after the test.
  • wolfram cesium powder 10 parts by weight of wolfram cesium powder (WCs) was added into 88 parts by weight of a plasticizer (DHIN). Then 2 parts by weight of a polymeric dispersant was added.
  • WCs wolfram cesium powder
  • DHIN plasticizer
  • the mixture was dispersed by performing a single-stage grinding of using 1 mm-yttrium-zirconium-bead with the grinding parameters including grinding beads: 0.2-0.6 mm; medium filling rate: 80-95%; sieve: 15-100 ⁇ m; temperature controlling: below 50° C.; and grinding time: 6-12 hours.
  • wolfram cesium powder 15 parts by weight of wolfram cesium powder (WCs) was added into 83 parts by weight of a plasticizer (DHIN). Then 2 parts by weight of a polymeric dispersant was added. Two-stage grinding was performed, wherein the first stage referred to as coarse grinding was performed using the same parameters of the sample of WCs1, and the second stage referred to as fine grinding was performed using the following parameters including grinding beads: 0.05-0.2 mm; medium filling rate 80-95%; sieve: 15-100 ⁇ m; temperature controlling: below 50° C.; and grinding time: 4-8 hours.
  • wolfram cesium powder 15 parts by weight of wolfram cesium powder (WCs) was added into 82 parts by weight of a plasticizer (DHIN). Then 3 parts by weight of a polymeric dispersant was added.
  • WCs wolfram cesium powder
  • DHIN plasticizer
  • the mixture was dispersed by performing a single-stage grinding with the grinding parameters including grinding beads: 0.2-0.6 mm; medium filling rate: 80-95%; sieve: 15-100 ⁇ m; temperature controlling: below 50° C.; and grinding time: 6-12 hours.
  • wolfram cesium powder 15 parts by weight of wolfram cesium powder (WCs) was added into 82 parts by weight of a plasticizer (DHIN). Then 3 parts by weight of a polymeric dispersant was added. Two-stage grinding was performed, wherein the first stage referred to as coarse grinding was performed using the same parameters of the sample of WCs3, and the second stage referred to as fine grinding was performed using the following parameters including grinding beads: 0.05-0.3 mm; medium filling rate 80-95%; sieve: 15-100 ⁇ m; temperature controlling: below 50° C.; and grinding time: 4-8 hours.
  • wolfram cesium powder 15 parts by weight of wolfram cesium powder (WCs) was added into 80 parts by weight of a plasticizer (DHIN). Then 5 parts by weight of a polymeric dispersant was added.
  • WCs wolfram cesium powder
  • DHIN plasticizer
  • the mixture was dispersed by performing a single-stage grinding with the grinding parameters including grinding beads: 0.2-0.6 mm; medium filling rate: 80-95%; sieve: 15-100 ⁇ m; temperature controlling: below 50° C.; and grinding time: 6-12 hours.
  • wolfram cesium powder 18 parts by weight of wolfram cesium powder (WCs) was added into 77 parts by weight of a plasticizer (DHIN). Then 5 parts by weight of a polymeric dispersant was added. Two-stage grinding was performed, wherein the first stage referred to as coarse grinding was performed using the same parameters of the sample of WCs5, and the second stage referred to as fine grinding was performed using the following parameters including grinding beads: 0.05-0.3 mm; medium filling rate 80-95%; sieve: 15-100 ⁇ m; temperature controlling: below 50° C.; and grinding time: 4-8 hours.
  • a heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet with 0.2 mm thickness and 40 PHR hardness was made as below:
  • the produced PVC sheet is performed a 300-hour service life test in line with ASTM G-154 to, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • VLT %+IR cut % after QUV300 hr weatherability test according to the Table 2, the difference of VLT % plus IR cut % of the produced PVC sheet before and after the test is decayed from 170% to 168%, i.e., the weatherability decay rate (%) of the produced PVC sheet is smaller than 1.2%, it means the PVC sheet itself having an excellent weatherability, after a QUV300 hr weatherability test in line with ASTM G-154.
  • VLT %+IR cut % after QUV300 hr weatherability test according to the Table 2, the difference of VLT % plus IR cut % of the produced PVC sheet of Examples 2 and 3 before and after the test is decayed from 170% to 168% and from 169% to 167% respectively, i.e., the weatherability decay rate (%) of the produced PVC sheet of the Examples 2 and 3 smaller than 1.2%, it means each the PVC sheets itself having an excellent weatherability respectively, after a QUV300 hr weatherability test in line with ASTM G-154.
  • heat-insulation paste different, the other materials, formula and procedures for making heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheets were the same as those used in Example 1.
  • the resulting heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheets were 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm in thickness, respectively, both with a hardness of 40 PHR.
  • the weatherability decay rate (%) of the produced PVC sheet of the Examples 4 and 5 is smaller than 2.4% and 1.2%, it means each the PVC sheets itself having an excellent weatherability respectively, after a QUV300 hr weatherability test in line with ASTM G-154.
  • heat-insulation paste and a plasticizer DHIN up to 60 PHR Except for the heat-insulation paste and a plasticizer DHIN up to 60 PHR, the other materials, formula and procedures for making heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheets were the same as those used in Example 1.
  • the heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet so made had a thickness of 0.5 mm and a hardness of 60 PHR.
  • the produced PVC sheet is performed a 300-hour service life test in line with ASTM G-154 to, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • the weatherability decay rate (%) of the produced PVC sheet of the Example 6 is smaller than 0.6%, it means the PVC sheet itself having an excellent weatherability, after a QUV300 hr weatherability test in line with ASTM G-154.
  • heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheets were the same as those used in Example 1.
  • the heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet so made was 0.2 mm, 40 PHR.
  • the weatherability decay rate (%) of the produced PVC sheet of the Examples 7 and 8 is smaller than 1.2% and 3.6%, it means each the PVC sheets itself having an excellent weatherability respectively, after a QUV300 hr weatherability test in line with ASTM G-154.
  • heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheets were the same as those used in Example 1.
  • the heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet so made was 0.2 mm in thickness and 0.1 PHR in hardness.
  • the produced PVC sheet is performed a 300-hour service life test in line with ASTM G-154 to, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • the weatherability decay rate (%) of the produced PVC sheet of the Example 9 is smaller than 2.3%, it means the PVC sheet itself having an excellent weatherability, after a QUV300 hr weatherability test in line with ASTM G-154.
  • thermoplasticizer used was a combination of DHIN and DINP, each 30 PHR, and except that 0.05 PHR of an ultraviolet absorber and 2 PHR of epoxidized soybean oil are used, the other materials, formula and procedures for making heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheets were the same as those used in Example 1.
  • the heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet so made was 0.3 mm in thickness, and 60 PHR in hardness.
  • the produced PVC sheet is performed a 300-hour service life test in line with ASTM G-154 to, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • the weatherability decay rate (%) of the produced PVC sheet of the Example 10 is smaller than 0.6%, it means the PVC sheet itself having an excellent weatherability, after a QUV300 hr weatherability test in line with ASTM G-154.
  • Example 6 The composition was similar to Example 6. Four layers of the 0.5 mm heat-insulation sheet of Example 6 were laminated under 180° C. and 5 kg/m 2 into a heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet having a thickness of 2.0 mm and a hardness of 60 PHR.
  • the produced PVC sheet is performed a 300-hour service life test in line with ASTM G-154 to, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • the weatherability decay rate (%) of the produced PVC sheet of the Example 11 is smaller than 1.2%, it means the PVC sheet itself having an excellent weatherability, after a QUV300 hr weatherability test in line with ASTM G-154.
  • ATO heat-insulation particles were used to make a heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet had a thickness of 0.3 mm and a hardness of 40 PHR.
  • the produced PVC sheet is performed a 300-hour service life test in line with ASTM G-154 to, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • the weatherability decay rate (%) of the produced PVC sheet of the Comparative Example 1 is greater than 10%, which is decayed significantly, after a QUV300 hr weatherability test in line with ASTM G-154.
  • the resulting heat-insulation polyvinyl chloride sheet was still transparent, and had infrared shielding ability and ultraviolet rejecting ability. It was better than Comparative Example 1, but inferior to all the examples. After 300 hours of Quv irradiation, its transparency and heat-insulation effect further decayed significantly.
  • the produced PVC sheet is performed a 300-hour service life test in line with ASTM G-154 to, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • the weatherability decay rate (%) of the produced PVC sheet of the Comparative Example 2 is greater than 28%, which is decayed very significantly, after a QUV300 hr weatherability test in line with ASTM G-154.
  • Example 1 Except that no coupling agent was used, the other materials, formula and procedures the same as those used in Example 1 were used to make a heat-insulating transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet having a thickness of 0.2 mm and a hardness of 40 PHR.
  • the heat-insulation paste is precipitated during processing, and the final product was not stable. Accordingly, no test for physical properties was performed.
  • the resulting polyvinyl chloride transparent sheet had a thickness of 0.2 mm and a hardness of 40 PHR.
  • the produced PVC sheet is performed a 300-hour service life test in line with ASTM G-154 to, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • the weatherability decay rate (%) of the produced PVC sheet of the Comparative Example 4 is greater than 7%, which is decayed significantly, after a QUV300 hr weatherability test in line with ASTM G-154.
  • 2 PVC is available from commercial PVC trade name of S70.
  • 3 DHIN represented plasticizer of 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester.
  • 4 DINP represented plasticizer of di-isononyl phthalate.
  • 5 ESBO represented epoxidized soybean oil.
  • 6 VLT (%) represented test of visible light transmittance to PVC sheet according to the JIS K7705 test standard.
  • QUV300 hr represented a 300-hour service life test performed by a QUV weathering testing machine in line with ASTM G-154 test standard.

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CN107446269A (zh) 2017-12-08
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