Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
  • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
  • C10M129/16—Ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
  • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
  • C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
  • C10M129/40—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms monocarboxylic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
  • C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
  • C10M135/22—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M135/26—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M145/24—Polyethers
  • C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
  • C10M145/34—Polyoxyalkylenes of two or more specified different types
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
  • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
  • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
  • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2219/085—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
  • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/70—Soluble oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
• • C10N2230/70—
• • C10N2240/40—

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a water-soluble metalworking fluid and a metalworking coolant provided by diluting the fluid with water.
• a metalworking fluid used in metalworking is generally categorized into oil-type (oil-based) fluid and water-type (water-based) fluid, the latter of which is more frequently used because such water-based fluid is excellent in cooling capabilities and penetration capabilities and free from a risk of causing a fire.
• a solution-type fluid not containing a mineral oil is frequently used (see, for instance, Patent Literature 1).
• the solution-type fluid exhibits favorable cooling capabilities and rot resistance, but exhibits inferior lubricity to those of non-water-type, emulsion-type and soluble-type fluids.
• An insufficient lubricity causes deterioration in roughness of a machined surface, a decrease in lifetime of a grinding stone, or grinding burn.
• Patent Literature 1 JP-A-40-14480
• Patent Literature 2 JP-A-10-324888
• Patent Literature 3 JP-A-2010-70736
• An object of the invention is to provide a water-soluble metalworking fluid exhibiting excellent lubricity and wear resistance even under severe machining conditions, and a metalworking coolant provided by diluting the water-soluble metalworking fluid with water.
• the invention has been reached based on this finding.
• the invention provides a water-based metalworking fluid and a metalworking coolant as follows.
• a water-soluble metalworking fluid includes: a component (A) that is a dicarboxylic acid comprising a sulfide structure; a component (B) that is a polyalkylene glycol; a component (C) that is polyhydric alcohol polyalkylene oxide adducts; and a component (D) that is a monocarboxylic acid.
• a water-soluble metalworking coolant is provided by diluting the above-mentioned water-soluble metalworking fluid with water by 2 to 200 times in volume.
• the water-soluble metalworking fluid (undiluted solution) of the invention exhibits favorable lubricity and wear resistance in a form of a metalworking coolant provided by diluting the fluid with water. Accordingly, when the metalworking coolant of the invention is used for grinding, the metalworking coolant is unlikely to cause deterioration in roughness of a machined surface even under severe machining conditions, so that grinding burn and a decrease in lifetime of the grinding stone can be sufficiently restrained.
• a water-soluble metalworking fluid according to an aspect of the invention (hereinafter, also referred to as “the present fluid”) is provided by blending: a component (A) that is a dicarboxylic acid comprising a sulfide structure; a component (B) that is a polyalkylene glycol; a component (C) that is polyhydric alcohol polyalkylene oxide adducts; and a component (D) that is a monocarboxylic acid.
• the present fluid is an undiluted solution and is diluted with water to provide a metalworking coolant according to another aspect of the invention. The present invention will be described in detail below.
• a component (A) of the present fluid is a dicarboxylic acid including a sulfide structure and has an effect of improving lubricity.
• a dicarboxylic acid represented by a formula (1) below is particularly excellent in improvement in lubricity.
• R 1 and R 2 each are a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. n is an integer from 1 to 8. When R 1 and R 2 each contain 6 or more carbon atoms, water solubility may be deteriorated.
• the total number of the carbon atoms in the dicarboxylic acid of the formula (1) is in a range from 4 to 12, however, is preferably in a range from 6 to 10 in terms of water solubility and lubricity.
• R 1 and R 2 each are preferably an alkylene group, examples of which include a methylene group, ethylene group, methyl ethylene group, propylene group, and butylene group. An ethylene group is particularly preferable in terms of water solubility and lubricity.
• n 9 or more, the dicarboxylic acid becomes structurally unstable and may be decomposed. Accordingly, n is preferably 6 or less, more preferably 2 or less, further preferably 1.
• dicarboxylic acid examples include thiodipropionic acid, dithiodipropionic acid, thiodiacetate, thiodisuccinate, dithiodiacetate, and dithiodibutyrate.
• a content of the component (A) is preferably in a range from 0.1 mass % to 14 mass % based on the total amount of the undiluted solution, more preferably from 1 mass % to 10 mass %, further preferably from 2 mass % to 5 mass %.
• rust resistance of the present fluid (undiluted solution) diluted with water may be decreased.
• a component (B) of the present fluid which is polyalkylene glycol, contributes to improvement in lubricity in the same manner as the component (A) and further contributes to improvement in wear resistance.
• the component (B) is preferably at least one of polyalkylene glycol represented by formulae (2) and (3) below in terms of improvement in lubricity and wear resistance.
• EO denotes an ethylene oxide unit
• PO denotes a propylene oxide unit
• a and c each independently are an integer from 1 to 30.
• b is an integer from 5 to 100.
• the total number of an EO structure in the formula (2) is preferably in a range from 10 to 30.
• the total number of a PO structure in the formula (2) is preferably in a range from 10 to 50, more preferably in a range from 20 to 40.
• lubricity of the present fluid diluted with water may be decreased.
• water solubility may be decreased.
• R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
• R′O denotes an oxide unit selected from PO and EO.
• a mixture of PO and EO may be used in R′O.
• a mole fraction of EO in R′O is preferably less than 1 in terms of antifoaming property of the present fluid diluted with water.
• d is an integer from 1 to 50.
• a mass average molecular weight of the component (B) is preferably 500 to 10000, more preferably 1000 to 5000. When the mass average molecular weight is less than 500 or more than 10000, lubricity of the present fluid diluted with water may be decreased.
• Polyalkylene glycol represented by the formulae (2) and (3) that is the component (B) may be used alone or in a mixture. Moreover, polyalkylene glycol represented by the formulae (2) and (3) may be in a mixture of polyalkylene glycol having various structures that are different in, for instance, the number of the units of the EO structure and PO structure.
• a content of the component (B) is preferably in a range from 10 mass % to 60 mass % based on the total amount of the undiluted solution, more preferably from 20 mass % to 40 mass %, further preferably from 20 mass % to 30 mass %.
• content of the component (B) is excessively large, lubricity after being diluted at a typical dilution ratio may be excessively increased to decrease a biting performance of a grinding stone in grinding.
• a component (C) of the present fluid is at least one of the compounds represented by the formulae (4) to (7).
• the component (C) contributes to improvement in wear resistance.
• R 11 to R 14 are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
• e to h are each independently an integer from 1 to 30.
• R 4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
• R 21 to R 23 are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
• i to k are each independently an integer from 1 to 30.
• R 5 and R 6 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
• R 31 and R 32 are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
• 1 to m are each independently an integer from 1 to 30.
• R 7 to R 9 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
• R 41 is an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
• n is an integer from 1 to 30.
• an EO adduct of pentaerythritol or an EO adduct of trimethylolpropane is preferable in terms of improvement in wear resistance.
• a content of the component (C) is preferably in a range from 5 mass % to 30 mass % of the total amount of the present fluid in terms of wear resistance at a typical dilution ratio.
• a component (D) of the present fluid which is a monocarboxylic acid, contributes to improvement in lubricity and wear resistance.
• the monocarboxylic acid is preferably a so-called long-chain carboxylic acid, specifically a compound represented by a formula (8) below.
• R 10 is a hydrocarbon group having 11 or more carbon atoms.
• the hydrocarbon group may be linear or branched and saturated or unsaturated.
• Tall oil fatty acid is preferable in terms of lubricity and wear resistance.
• long-chain carboxylic acid examples include lauric acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linolic acid, linolenic acid, erucic acid, palmitic acid, ricinoleic acid, hydroxy fatty acid (e.g., ricinoleic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid), arachidic acid, behenic acid, melissic acid, isostearic acid, soy oil fatty acid extracted from fat and oil, coconut oil fatty acid, rape-seed oil fatty acid, and tall oil fatty acid (C18).
• a content of the component (D) is preferably in a range from 1 mass % to 20 mass % of the total amount of the present fluid in terms of lubricity and wear resistance at a typical dilution ratio.
• the present fluid is provided in a form of the undiluted solution obtained by blending the above components (A) to (D) with water.
• a total content of the components (A) to (D) is preferably in a range from 40 mass % to 90 mass % of the total amount of the present fluid, more preferably from 60 mass % to 80 mass %.
• the total content of the components (A) to (D) is less than 40 mass %, a decrease in lubricity (an increase in a friction coefficient) may occur if the present fluid is diluted with water at an excessively high dilution ratio at a working site.
• the total content of the components (A) to (D) exceeds 90 mass %, stability of the undiluted solution may be decreased.
• the stability of the undiluted solution means that uniformity of the undiluted solution is lost due to phase separation, undissolved mass or precipitation of solid content and the like.
• Water for preparing the undiluted solution is preferably 15 mass % to 75 mass % of the total amount of the present fluid.
• water is less than 15 mass %, dissolution of the components (A) and (B) becomes difficult and preparation of the undiluted solution becomes complicated.
• water for preparing the undiluted solution exceeds 75 mass %, an excessive amount of the undiluted solution has to be stored or transported, thereby lowering handleability.
• the fluid may be directly used, but, is preferably diluted with water at a ratio (volume ratio) of 2 to 200 times, preferably 5 to 100 times to be used as a metalworking coolant.
• the present fluid further contains a nonion-based surfactant as a component (E).
• a nonion-based surfactant as a component (E).
• an acethylene glycol surfactant is particularly preferable as the component (E) in terms of the effects.
• acethylene glycol surfactant for instance, acethylene glycol and an alkylene oxide adduct thereof disclosed in JP-A-2011-12249 are suitably usable.
• an acethylene glycol EO adduct is suitable.
• a commercially available acethylene glycol surfactant include Dynol 604, Surfynol 420 and Surfynol 465 which are manufactured by Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
• a content of the component (E) is preferably in a range from 0.1 mass % to 20 mass % of the total amount of the undiluted solution, more preferably from 1 mass % to 10 mass %.
• the present fluid further contains alkanolamine as a component (F).
• alkanolamine reacts with the component (A) or the component (D) to form alkanolamine carboxylate, thereby improving lubricity.
• alkanolamine also serves as a rust inhibitor.
• the kind of alkanolamine is not particularly limited.
• a combination of primary, secondary and tertiary amines is usable.
• the primary amine when only the primary amine is used, since volatility of the primary amine is high, working environments may be deteriorated because of odor generation. Accordingly, when the primary amine is used, it is preferable to combine the secondary amine and/or tertiary amine with the primary amine.
• the tertiary amine is preferable in terms of odor generation.
• Examples of the primary amine are 1-amino-2-propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 1-amino-2-butanol, 2-amino-1-propanol, and 3-amino-2-butanol.
• 1-amino-2-propanol and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol are particularly preferable.
• one of the above components may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used.
• Examples of the secondary amine include diethanolamine, di(n-propanol)amine, diisopropanolamine, N-methylmonoethanolamine, N-ethylmonoethanolamine, N-cyclomonoethanolamine, N-n-propylmonoethanolamine, N-i-propylmonoethanol amine, N-n-butylmonoethanol amine, N-i-butylmonoethanolamine, and N-t-butylmonoethanolamine.
• one of the above components may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used.
• tertiary amine examples include N-methyldiethanolamine, N-ethyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-cyclohexyldiethanol amine, N-n-propyldiethanolamine, N-i-propyldiethanolamine, N-n-butyldiethanolamine, N-i-butyldiethanolamine, and N-t-butyldiethanolamine.
• One of the above components may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used.
• a content of the component (F) is preferably in a range from 20 mass % to 55 mass % of the total amount of the present fluid (undiluted solution).
• the content of the component (F) is less than 20 mass %, rust resistance may be decreased if the present fluid is diluted with water at an excessively high dilution ratio at a working site.
• the content of the component (F) exceeds 55 mass %, the stability of the undiluted solution is lowered.
• carboxylic acid containing no sulfur as the rust inhibitor together with the component (F).
• the carboxylic acid include: a monocarboxylic acid such as caproic acid, nonane acid, isononane acid, trimethylhexanoic acid, neodecanoic acid and decane acid having 8 to 10 carbon atoms; and a dicarboxylic acid such as nonane diacid, undecanoic diacid, sebacic acid, dodecanoic diacid having 9 to 12 carbon atoms.
• the above-mentioned trimethylhexanoic acid is excellent in reducing solid substances being formed on a surface of the present fluid (hard water stability) when the present fluid (undiluted solution) is diluted with water.
• the alkyl group that is a main chain of the carboxylic acid preferably has a branched structure.
• dibasic acids are excellent in rust resistance as a salt
• dibasic acids and monobasic acids are preferably mixed in use in view of stability (unlikeliness to be insoluble) of the undiluted solution.
• the present fluid may be blended as necessary with publicly-known various kinds of additives as long as such addition is compatible with an object of the present invention.
• additives include an extreme pressure agent, oiliness agent, fungicide (preservative), metal deactivator and antifoaming agent.
• the extreme pressure agent examples include a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent, a phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent, an extreme pressure agent containing sulfur and metal, and an extreme pressure agent containing phosphorus and metal.
• One of the extreme pressure agents may be used alone or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
• the extreme pressure agent may be any extreme pressure agent, as long as the extreme pressure agent contains sulfur atoms or phosphorus atoms in its molecule and the extreme pressure agent can provide load bearing effects and wear resistance.
• the extreme pressure agent containing sulfur in its molecule examples include: sulfurized fat and oil, sulfurized fatty acid, ester sulfide, olefin sulfide, dihydrocarbyl polysulfide, a thiadiazole compound, an alkylthiocarbamoyl compound, a triazine compound, a thioterpene compound, a dialkylthiodipropionate compound and the like.
• the extreme pressure agent is blended in the undiluted solution with a content of approximately 0.05 mass % to 0.5 mass % of the total amount of the final diluted fluid (coolant).
• oiliness agent examples include: an aliphatic compound such as aliphatic alcohol and fatty acid metal salt; and an ester compound such as polyol ester, sorbitan ester and glyceride.
• an aliphatic compound such as aliphatic alcohol and fatty acid metal salt
• an ester compound such as polyol ester, sorbitan ester and glyceride.
• the oiliness agent is blended in the undiluted solution with a content of approximately 0.2 mass % to 2 mass % of the total amount of the coolant.
• the fungicide is exemplified by 2-pyridylthio-l-oxide salt.
• Examples of the fungicide are 2-pyridylthio-l-oxide sodium, zinc bis(2-pyridyldithio-1-oxide), and bis(2-sulfidepyridine-1-olato) copper.
• the fungicide is blended in the undiluted solution with a content of approximately 0.01 mass % to 5 mass % of the total amount of the coolant.
• the metal deactivator examples include benzotriazole, benzotriazole derivative, imidazoline, pyrimidine derivative, and thiadiazole.
• One of the metal deactivator may be used alone or two or more thereof may be used in combination. In view of blending effects, the metal deactivator is blended in the undiluted solution with a content of approximately 0.01 mass % to 3 mass % of the total amount of the coolant.
• the antifoaming agent examples include methyl silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, polyacrylates and the like. In view of blending effects, the antifoaming agent is blended in the undiluted solution with a content of approximately 0.004 mass % to 0.08 mass % of the total amount of the coolant.
• the water-soluble metalworking fluid according to the above aspect of the invention which is diluted as necessary with water so that its concentration is adjusted suitably for the usage, is preferably applied in various metalworking fields such as grinding, cutting, polishing, squeezing, drawing, flatting and the like.
• the grinding include cylinder grinding, internal grinding, plane grinding, centerless grinding, tool grinding, honing grinding, super finishing, and special curve grinding (e.g., screw grinding, gear grinding, cum grinding, and roll grinding).
• the composition provided by blending the components (A) and (B) means not only a “composition containing the components (A) and (B)” but also a “composition containing a modified substance of at least one of the components (A) and (B) in place of the at least one of the components (A) and (B), and a “composition containing a reaction product obtained by reacting the component (A) with the component (B)”.
• Acethylene glycol surfactant a mixture of Dynol 604, Surfynol 420 and Surfynol 465 which are manufactured by Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 9)
• Other components 30-mass % aqueous solution of polyethyleneimine (molecular weight of 1000) being 0.3 mass %, benzotriazole being 1.0 mass %, 35-mass % aqueous solution of benzisothiazoline being 0.2 mass %, sodium pyrithione being 0.2 mass %, and a silicone antifoaming agent being 0.4 mass %

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• 2014
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