US20160151838A1 - Powder metallurgical method - Google Patents

Powder metallurgical method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160151838A1
US20160151838A1 US14/929,190 US201514929190A US2016151838A1 US 20160151838 A1 US20160151838 A1 US 20160151838A1 US 201514929190 A US201514929190 A US 201514929190A US 2016151838 A1 US2016151838 A1 US 2016151838A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lubricant
powder
molded body
weight
preparing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/929,190
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English (en)
Inventor
Yeong Cheol JO
Jong Moon Kim
Hyung Seok KWAK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hyundai Motor Co
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Hyundai Motor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hyundai Motor Co filed Critical Hyundai Motor Co
Assigned to HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY reassignment HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JO, YEONG CHEOL, KIM, JONG MOON, Kwak, Hyung Seok
Assigned to HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY reassignment HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JO, YEONG CHEOL, KIM, JONG MOON, Kwak, Hyung Seok
Publication of US20160151838A1 publication Critical patent/US20160151838A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B22F1/0059—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/56—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M105/68—Amides; Imides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F2003/023—Lubricant mixed with the metal powder

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a powder metallurgical method. More particularly, it relates to a powder metallurgical method, capable of reducing the amount of lubricant added to a metal-based powder to a minimum amount while maintaining molding energy and ejection energy equivalent or improved level.
  • a lubricant In a powder metallurgy field, a lubricant is used with the purpose of reducing internal friction between metal-based powder particles, evenly compressing powder metallurgy, and minimizing damage to a die on a compression molding process.
  • the lubricant when compression molding the metal-based powder containing the lubricant, the lubricant remains between the metal-based powder particles, thereby can't obtain a high density molded body.
  • mold damage such as mold abrasion because friction resistance between pressed powder and a mold wall is increased, and releasing force is increased when the pressed powder is released from a mold.
  • there is a limit to improve density of the pressed powder because lubricity between the powder particles is reduced during metal-based powder particle rearrangement which is accompanied by a compression molding.
  • a method for mixing the lubricant with the metal-based powder there are 1) a mechanical mixing method for simply mixing the lubricant and 2) a polymerization method for polymerizing monomers as a basic ingredient of the lubricant.
  • the mechanical mixing method comprises crushing the basic ingredients of the lubricant to the size of 25 ⁇ m or less, and then inserting the metal-based powder and the basic ingredients of the lubricant in a mixer followed by mixing thereof, and therefore there is an advantage that the process is relatively simple.
  • the addition amount of the lubricant can't be reduced due to high ejection energy, and it is unfavorable to secure surface roughness of the molded body low.
  • the polymerization method comprises inserting a polymerization solvent into a polymerizer, inserting a monomer and a metal-based powder for manufacturing a lubricant thereinto and then heating thereof at 100° C. for polymerization.
  • the polymerization method induces chemical bonding between molecules of the basic ingredients of the lubricant.
  • it has an advantage of securing uniformity and low ejection energy, but has a disadvantage that the production cost is increased too much due to its complex process.
  • An object of the present inventive concept is to provide an improved powder metallurgical method, which manufactures a high density molded body by reducing the amount of the lubricant added to the metal-based powder to the minimum while maintaining ejection force and molding pressure at an equivalent or improved level.
  • the present disclosure provides a powder metallurgical method, which includes: preparing a liquid lubricant by mixing ethylene bis stearamide 60 to 70 wt % and erucamide 30 to 40 wt % at 150 to 170° C. in a high temperature stirring process; preparing a pulverized solid lubricant by cooling the liquid lubricant to form a solid and pulverizing the solid; preparing a powder metallurgy composition by mixing the pulverized solid lubricant 0.4 to 0.75 part by weight to metal-based powder 100 parts by weight; and preparing a molded body by compression molding of the powder metallurgy composition.
  • the metal-based powder may be iron-based powder.
  • the compression molding may be conducted under a pressure of 500 to 600 MPa.
  • the molded body may be ejected from a mold by adding an ejection force of 900 to 1400 Kgf.
  • the step of preparing a molded body further includes adding ejection force of 900 to 1100 Kgf, the molded body has a density of 7.2 to 7.3 g/cm 3 , and the compression molding is conducted under a pressure of 500 to 600 MPa.
  • vehicle or “vehicular” or other similar term as used herein is inclusive of motor vehicles in general such as passenger automobiles including sports utility vehicles (SUV), buses, trucks, various commercial vehicles, watercraft including a variety of boats and ships, aircraft, and the like, and includes hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, hydrogen-powered vehicles and other alternative fuel vehicles (e.g. fuels derived from resources other than petroleum).
  • a hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that has two or more sources of power, for example both gasoline-powered and electric-powered vehicles.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph comparing ejection force depending on change of content ratio of ethylene bis stearamide and erucamide as lubricant ingredients, in manufacturing a powder metallurgy molded body by using metal-based powder 100 parts by weight and a lubricant 0.75 parts by weight, which is prepared by a high temperature stirring process;
  • FIG. 2 is a graph comparing ejection force, in manufacturing a powder metallurgy molded body by using metal-based powder 100 parts by weight and a lubricant 0.75 parts by weight where composition ratio of ethylene bis stearamide and erucamide is 70:30 wt %, which is prepared by a high temperature stirring process;
  • FIG. 3 is a graph comparing ejection force depending on change of the addition amount of the lubricant and molding pressure, in manufacturing a powder metallurgy molded body by using metal-based powder 100 parts by weight and a lubricant 0.4 parts by weight where composition ratio of ethylene bis stearamide and erucamide is 70:30 wt %, which is prepared by a high temperature stirring process;
  • FIG. 4 is a graph comparing ejection force depending on change of content ratio of ethylene bis stearamide and erucamide as lubricant ingredients, in manufacturing a powder metallurgy molded body according to a conventional method by using metal-based powder 100 parts by weight and a lubricant 0.75 parts by weight, which is prepared by a mechanical mixing process at room temperature;
  • FIG. 5 is a graph comparing ejection force depending on change of content ratio of ethylene bis stearamide and erucamide as lubricant ingredients, in manufacturing a powder metallurgy molded body according to a conventional method by using metal-based powder 100 parts by weight and a lubricant 0.75 parts by weight, which is prepared by a polymerization process; and
  • the present disclosure relates to a powder metallurgical method, which includes: preparing a liquid lubricant by mixing ethylene bis stearamide 60 to 70 wt % and erucamide 30 to 40 wt % at 150 to 170° C. in a high temperature stirring process; preparing a pulverized solid lubricant by cooling the liquid lubricant to form a solid and pulverizing the solid; preparing a powder metallurgy composition by mixing the pulverized solid lubricant 0.4 to 0.75 part by weight to metal-based powder 100 parts by weight; and preparing a molded body by compression molding of the powder metallurgy composition.
  • the powder metallurgical method according to certain embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail step by step as follows.
  • the first step is preparing a lubricant.
  • an amide-based lubricant containing ethylene bis stearamide and erucamide is used as the lubricant, and undergoes a high temperature stirring process to evenly disperse the lubricant ingredients together.
  • the lubricant may have composition ratio of ethylene bis stearamide 60 to 70 wt % and erucamide 30 to 40 wt %, and, in certain embodiments, have composition ratio of ethylene bis stearamide 70 wt % and erucamide 30 wt %.
  • an evenly dispersed liquid lubricant is prepared by stirring the lubricant having the specific composition ratio at high temperature, the liquid lubricant is cooled to be converted into a cake-type solid phase and pulverized, and then the obtained pulverized solid lubricant is mixed to metal-based powder for use.
  • a ‘mechanical mixing’ method is conducted at a room temperature, and therefore, there is a limit to induce an even dispersion between the lubricant ingredients.
  • an even dispersion between the lubricant ingredients is induced through a ‘high temperature stirring’ process wherein the lubricant ingredients are mixed while maintaining temperature inside of a mixing machine at 150 to 170° C., thereby ultimately lowers ejection energy of the molded body.
  • temperature of the high temperature stirring is less than 150° C.
  • cooling and pulverizing is conducted by general methods.
  • the liquid lubricant is cooled to be converted into a cake form.
  • cooling may be conducted to the temperature around room temperature, and in certain embodiments, cooling is conducted to temperature of 10 to 30° C.
  • the cake-type lubricant is pulverized for even mixing with the metal-based powder, and in certain embodiments, an average particle size of the pulverized solid lubricant may be maintained in a range of 10 to 40 ⁇ m.
  • the next step is preparing a powder metallurgy composition.
  • the powder metallurgy composition is prepared by mixing the lubricant 0.4 to 0.75 parts by weight to the metal-based powder 100 parts by weight. In certain embodiments, in the step of preparing the powder metallurgy composition of the present invention, the addition amount of the lubricant may be reduced to the minimum.
  • the next step is preparing a high density molded body by compression molding.
  • compression molding is conducted by a general metallurgy technique.
  • the powder metallurgy composition may be filled into a die and compressed at pressure of 500 to 600 Mpa to prepare the molded body.
  • the prepared molded body may be separated from the die by adding ejection force of 900 to 1400 Kgf.
  • the molded body manufactured by the above method m m ay maintain a high density of 7.1 to 7.3 g/c 3 .
  • the powder metallurgical method of certain embodiments of the present invention compared to addition of the lubricant 0.75 parts by weight based on the metal-based powder 100 parts by weight, when the lubricant 0.4 parts by weight is added, the following extraordinary effect may be obtained. Ejection force may be reduced as much as 200 Kgf, and molding density may increase as much as 0.18 g/cm 3 .
  • Each lubricant was prepared by changing composition ratio of ethylene bis stearamide and erucamide as lubricant ingredients to 50:50, 55:45, 60:40, 70:30 wt %. Namely, a liquid lubricant was obtained by stirring the lubricant ingredients at high temperature of 160° C. for 60 min. And, the liquid lubricant was cooled while stored at room temperature to obtain a cake-type lubricant, and then pulverized to obtain a solid lubricant in a range of 10 to 40 ⁇ m.
  • iron-based powder As iron-based powder, HSPP (Hyundai Steel, pure iron powder) was used. The lubricant 0.75 parts by weight prepared above was mixed to iron-based powder 100 parts by weight to prepare a powder metallurgy composition. The powder metallurgy composition was put into a die, and then molding pressure of 500 MPa was applied thereto to obtain a molded body having density of 7.12 g/cm 3 .
  • a molded body was manufactured by using a solid lubricant whose composition ratio of the ethylene bis stearamide and the erucamide is 70:30 wt %, and density change of the molded body was measured as changing the addition amount of the solid lubricant to 0.75 parts by weight or 0.40 parts by weight, respectively, based on the iron-based powder 100 parts by weight.
  • the lubricant 0.75 parts by weight based on the iron-based powder 100 parts by weight is added and ejection force is measured three separate times (labeled as first, second, and third). A comparison of the results is represented in a graph. According to FIG. 2 , ejection force was low as 1100 kgf, and a molded body having density of 7.11 g/cm 3 was manufactured by applying molding pressure of 500 MPa.
  • FIG. 3 the lubricant 0.40 parts by weight based on the iron-based powder 100 parts by weight is added, the addition amount of the lubricant and molding pressure changes, compared with FIG. 2 , and ejection force is measured three separate times (labeled as first, second, and third). A comparison of the results is represented in a graph. According to FIG. 3 , ejection force was very low as 900 kgf, and a molded body having density of 7.30 g/cm 3 was manufactured by applying molding pressure of 500 MPa.
  • a powder metallurgy composition was manufactured by mixing iron-based powder and a lubricant by the method of Example 1, but for preparing the lubricant, mechanical mixing method at room temperature (Comparative Example 1) or heating polymerization method (Comparative Example 2) as the conventional method was conducted.
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 the results of measuring ejection force as changing composition ratio of the ethylene bis stearamide and the erucamide constituting the lubricant to 50;50, 55:45, 60:40, 70:30 wt % were shown, respectively.
  • a high density molded body can be manufactured as reducing the added amount of a lubricant based on weight of metal-based powder as well as having density of up to 7.3 g/cm 3 by lowering ejection energy, by manufacturing powder metallurgy composition by mixing ethylene bis stearamide and erucamide constituting a lubricant at high temperature while limiting the composition ratio thereof to a certain range. Further, according to the result of the above Table 1, it is also possible to maintain a low surface roughness.
  • Embodiments of the present invention have the effects of maintaining molding energy and ejection energy low while increasing density of a molded body and improving surface roughness by using only a small amount of the lubricant by a lubricant manufacturing process to which use of a lubricant with a certain composition and a high temperature stirring process are introduced.
  • a molded body having high density of 7.3 g/cm 3 can be manufactured by reducing the amount of a lubricant up to 0.4 parts by weight, based on metal-based powder 100 parts by weight.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
US14/929,190 2014-11-27 2015-10-30 Powder metallurgical method Abandoned US20160151838A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2014-0167677 2014-11-27
KR1020140167677A KR101664603B1 (ko) 2014-11-27 2014-11-27 분말 야금 방법

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US (1) US20160151838A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2016102259A (de)
KR (1) KR101664603B1 (de)
CN (1) CN105642886A (de)
DE (1) DE102015222656A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020194616A1 (ja) * 2019-03-27 2020-10-01 日立化成株式会社 潤滑剤、粉末混合物及び焼結体の製造方法
KR102248462B1 (ko) * 2020-09-08 2021-05-06 장기태 복합 윤활제 및 그 제조방법

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7264646B2 (en) * 2001-08-14 2007-09-04 Apex Advanced Technologies, Llc Lubricant system for use in powdered metals
SE0303580D0 (sv) * 2003-12-29 2003-12-29 Hoeganaes Ab Composition for producing soft magnetic composites by powder metallurgy
JP2005307348A (ja) * 2004-03-22 2005-11-04 Jfe Steel Kk 粉末冶金用鉄基粉末混合物
RU2351434C2 (ru) 2004-09-17 2009-04-10 Хеганес Аб Порошковая металлическая композиция, содержащая вторичные амиды в качестве смазочного материала и/или связующего вещества
US7329302B2 (en) * 2004-11-05 2008-02-12 H. L. Blachford Ltd./Ltee Lubricants for powdered metals and powdered metal compositions containing said lubricants
UA95096C2 (uk) * 2005-12-30 2011-07-11 Хеганес Аб Порошкова металургійна композиція на основі заліза, композиційне мастило на її основі та спосіб його виробництва
JP4188407B2 (ja) 2006-12-19 2008-11-26 日東電工株式会社 粘着型光学フィルムおよび画像表示装置
US9855601B2 (en) * 2008-11-26 2018-01-02 Höganäs Ab (Publ) Lubricant for powder metallurgical compositions
JP2010285633A (ja) * 2009-06-09 2010-12-24 Kobe Steel Ltd 粉末冶金用混合粉末の製造方法、及び焼結体の製造方法
JP5663974B2 (ja) * 2009-06-26 2015-02-04 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 粉末冶金用鉄基混合粉末
JP5990100B2 (ja) * 2009-09-08 2016-09-07 ホガナス アクチボラグ （パブル） 金属粉組成物
JP5831440B2 (ja) * 2012-12-17 2015-12-09 株式会社ダイヤメット 粉末冶金用原料粉末

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CN105642886A (zh) 2016-06-08
JP2016102259A (ja) 2016-06-02
KR101664603B1 (ko) 2016-10-11
DE102015222656A1 (de) 2016-06-02
KR20160063868A (ko) 2016-06-07

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