US20150086632A1 - Injectable Formulation - Google Patents

Injectable Formulation Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150086632A1
US20150086632A1 US14/395,681 US201314395681A US2015086632A1 US 20150086632 A1 US20150086632 A1 US 20150086632A1 US 201314395681 A US201314395681 A US 201314395681A US 2015086632 A1 US2015086632 A1 US 2015086632A1
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Prior art keywords
compound
injectable preparation
salt
quinolin
thiophen
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Inventor
Tetsuya Sato
Takuya Minowa
Yusuke Hoshika
Hidekazu Toyofuku
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Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Priority to US14/395,681 priority Critical patent/US20150086632A1/en
Assigned to OTSUKA PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. reassignment OTSUKA PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HOSHIKA, Yusuke, MINOWA, Takuya, SATO, TETSUYA, TOYOFUKU, Hidekazu
Publication of US20150086632A1 publication Critical patent/US20150086632A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/16—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing nitrogen, e.g. nitro-, nitroso-, azo-compounds, nitriles, cyanates
    • A61K47/18—Amines; Amides; Ureas; Quaternary ammonium compounds; Amino acids; Oligopeptides having up to five amino acids
    • A61K47/183—Amino acids, e.g. glycine, EDTA or aspartame
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/20—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing sulfur, e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO], docusate, sodium lauryl sulfate or aminosulfonic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/24—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, halogen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. cyclomethicone or phospholipids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyesters, polyamino acids, polysiloxanes, polyphosphazines, copolymers of polyalkylene glycol or poloxamers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/24—Antidepressants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an injectable preparation comprising 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one or a salt thereof.
  • Compound (I) 7-[4-(4-Benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one (hereinafter also referred to as “Compound (I)”) is a benzothiophene compound represented by Formula (I):
  • Compound (I) or salts thereof are known to have serotonin uptake inhibitory activity (or serotonin re-uptake inhibitory activity) in addition to dopamine D 2 receptor partial agonistic activity (D 2 receptor partial agonistic activity), serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor antagonistic activity (5-HT 2A receptor antagonistic activity), and adrenaline ⁇ 1 receptor antagonistic activity ( ⁇ 1 receptor antagonistic activity) (Patent Literature (PTL) 1).
  • PTL Patent Literature
  • Compound (I) and salts thereof have a wide therapeutic spectrum for central nervous system diseases (particularly schizophrenia).
  • a long-acting medication administration form is useful because it increases patient compliance, and thereby lowers the relapse rate during treatment.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an injectable preparation that exhibits the effect of Compound (I) or a salt thereof for a prolonged period of time, is stable even after long-term storage, and can be easily injected.
  • the present invention provides a sustained-release injectable preparation that preferably maintains an effective blood concentration of Compound (I) or a salt thereof for at least one week.
  • an injectable preparation having a specific composition comprising Compound (I) or a salt thereof as an active ingredient does not form a hard cake even when Compound (I) precipitates, and can be easily re-dispersed by using a simple operation such as gentle stirring, and suitably injected.
  • the inventors further found that the injectable preparation having the specific composition can exhibit the effect of Compound (I) or a salt thereof for a prolonged period of time.
  • the injectable preparation can release a therapeutically effective amount of Compound (I) or a salt thereof for at least one week.
  • the present invention has been accomplished upon further study based on this finding, and includes the inventions listed below.
  • Item 1 An aqueous suspension comprising secondary particles formed by the aggregation of particles (primary particles) of 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one or a salt thereof, the secondary particles having a mean particle diameter (a mean secondary particle diameter) of 1 to 50 ⁇ m and being contained in a dispersed state.
  • Item 2 The aqueous suspension according to item 1, wherein the particles of 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one or a salt thereof have a mean primary particle diameter of 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • aqueous suspension according to item 1 or 2 comprising 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one in an amount of 0.1 to 40 wt %.
  • An injectable preparation comprising the aqueous suspension according to any one of items 1 to 3. Item 5.
  • An injectable preparation comprising 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one or a salt thereof, a particle binder, and water for injection, the particle binder being at least one member selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, polyethylene glycols, tocopherol, tocotrienol and esters thereof, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol succinate, benzyl alcohol, poorly water-soluble polyoxyethylene diol dibenzoate, poorly water-soluble polyoxyethylene diol dimethylsulfonic acid and esters thereof, and benzyl benzoate.
  • Item 6 The injectable preparation according to item 5, wherein the 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one or a salt thereof forms secondary particles and the secondary particles have a mean secondary particle diameter of 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • Item 7 The injectable preparation according to item 5 or 6, comprising a suspension of the 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one or a salt thereof in water for injection.
  • the injectable preparation according to item 5 or 6, comprising a precipitate of the 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-2H-quinolin-2-one or a salt thereof.
  • the particle binder is at least one member selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan oleate, polyoxyethylene (160) polyoxypropylene (30) glycol, polyethylene glycols having an average molecular weight of 200 to 6,000, benzyl alcohol, and benzyl benzoate.
  • Item 10 The injectable preparation according to any one of items 4 to 9, having a pH of 5 to 8.
  • Item 11 The injectable preparation according to any one of items 4 to 10, which is for treating or preventing relapse of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or depression.
  • Item 12a The aqueous suspension according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one or a salt thereof is a dihydrate of 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one.
  • Item 12b The injectable preparation according to any one of items 4 to 10, which is for treating or preventing relapse of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or depression.
  • Item 12b The aqueous suspension according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinol
  • the injectable preparation according to any one of items 4 to 11, wherein the 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one or a salt thereof is a dihydrate of 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one.
  • Item 13a The aqueous suspension according to claim 12a, comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyethylene glycols as a particle binder.
  • Item 13b The aqueous suspension according to claim 12a, comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyethylene glycols as a particle binder.
  • the injectable preparation according to claim 12b comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyethylene glycols as a particle binder.
  • Item 14 A prefilled syringe that is prefilled with the injectable preparation according to any one of items 4 to 11, 12b, and 13b.
  • Item A An injectable preparation comprising 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, the preparation releasing the active ingredient in such a manner that its therapeutically effective blood concentration is maintained for at least one week.
  • Item B The injectable preparation according to item A, further comprising a binder.
  • Item C The injectable preparation according to item A or B, having a pH of 5 to 8.
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention contains Compound (I) or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. Because the injectable preparation has a specific composition comprising Compound (I) or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, the active ingredient can be easily redispersed even when precipitation occurs, and can thus be restored to a state suitable for injection. Further, an effective blood concentration of Compound (I) or a salt thereof can be maintained for at least one week.
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention is used in the form of a suspension including water for injection when administered.
  • Compound (I) or a salt thereof forms secondary particles and the secondary particles preferably have a mean particle diameter (a mean secondary particle diameter) of 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the second particles are suspended in the injectable preparation.
  • One preferred mode of the injectable preparation of the present invention is an injectable preparation comprising an aqueous suspension containing secondary particles formed by the aggregation of particles (primary particles) of Compound (I) or a salt thereof, the secondary particles preferably having a mean particle diameter (a mean secondary particle diameter) of 1 to 50 ⁇ m and the secondary particles being suspended.
  • the secondary particles more preferably have a mean particle diameter (a mean secondary particle diameter) of 2 to 30 ⁇ m, still more preferably 3 to 20 ⁇ m, even more preferably 4 to 17 ⁇ m, yet more preferably 5 to 15 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 5 to 12 ⁇ m.
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention is prepared by suspending a specific component that is either 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one (Compound (I)) or a salt thereof in water and further adding a specific particle binder, primary particles of Compound (I) or a salt thereof can advantageously form secondary particles, and the preparation can advantageously contain in a stable manner secondary particles of Compound (I) or a salt thereof having such a mean secondary particle diameter.
  • the specific particle binder as used herein means a component that can aggregate particles (primary particles) of Compound (I) or a salt thereof to form secondary particles.
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention does not form a hard cake, even when Compound (I) or a salt thereof precipitates.
  • a simple operation such as gentle stirring, the particles are easily resuspended advantageously.
  • the advantageous effect of the injectable preparation of the present invention is presumably provided based on the following mechanism.
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention is prepared by suspending a specific component that is either 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one or a salt thereof in water and further adding a specific particle binder, particles of Compound (I) or a salt thereof aggregate to form secondary particles; therefore, even if Compound (I) or a salt thereof precipitates, it is difficult for the particles to be in a very closely packed state.
  • the present invention includes injectable preparations comprising second particles of Compound (I) or a salt thereof in a precipitated state.
  • the secondary particles of Compound (I) or a salt thereof having the mean secondary particle diameter mentioned above can be produced, for example, by dispersing Compound (I) or a salt thereof having a mean primary particle diameter of about 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably about 1 to 10 ⁇ m, and even more preferably about 2 to 5 ⁇ m, together with a vehicle as described below, in water for injection.
  • a bulk powder of Compound (i) or a salt thereof having the above mean primary particle diameter and a specific particle binder are used and formulated into an aqueous suspension (an injectable preparation), the particles aggregate to the desired mean particle diameter, and the aggregated secondary particles of Compound (I) or a salt thereof can be well dispersed.
  • mean particle diameter refers to volume mean diameter as measured by using a laser diffraction-scattering method. Particle size distribution is measured by using a laser diffraction-scattering method, and the mean particle diameter is calculated from the particle size distribution.
  • mean primary particle diameter refers to a volume mean diameter value calculated from the particle size distribution measured by using a laser diffraction scattering method while circulating an aqueous suspension under ultrasonic irradiation using a circulation cell and using water as a medium.
  • secondary particle diameter refers to a volume mean diameter value calculated from the particle size distribution measured by using a laser diffraction scattering method while circulating the aqueous suspension using a circulation cell and using water as a medium (without ultrasonic irradiation).
  • particle binders examples include aqueous particle binders such as sodium chloride, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycols, block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and oily particle binders such as tocopherol, tocotrienol and esters thereof, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol succinate, benzyl alcohol, poorly water-soluble polyoxyethylene diol dibenzoate, poorly water-soluble polyoxyethylene diol dimethylsulfonic acid and esters thereof, benzyl benzoate, and like benzoic acid esters.
  • aqueous particle binders such as sodium chloride, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycols, block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide
  • oily particle binders such as tocopherol, tocotrienol and esters thereof, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol succinate, benzyl alcohol, poorly water-soluble polyoxy
  • “Fatty acids” of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters are preferably fatty acids having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably having 16 to 18 carbon atoms. Specific examples include lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and the like. Oleic acid is particularly preferable.
  • polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan laurate, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan stearate, and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan oleate are preferable. Specific examples include Polysorbate 20, Polysorbate 60, and Polysorbate 80. Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan oleate is particularly preferable.
  • the polyethylene glycol preferably has an average molecular weight of about 200 to 6,000.
  • Specific examples of such polyethylene glycols include macrogol 400, macrogol 4000, and the like.
  • the block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide preferably contains ethylene oxide at a higher polymerization weight ratio relative to propylene oxide.
  • polyoxyethylene (160) polyoxypropylene (30) glycols such as Pluronic F68
  • Such particle binders may be used singly or in a combination of two or more. When two or more types of binders are used, either two or more types of binders selected from aqueous particle binders or two or more types of binders selected from oily particle binders are preferably used. It is preferable to use either aqueous particle binders alone or oily particle binders alone.
  • At least one particle binder selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters (in particular, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan oleate), polyethylene glycols, block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (in particular, polyoxyethylene (160) polyoxypropylene (30) glycol), benzyl alcohol, and benzyl benzoate. More preferable is the use of at least sodium chloride, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan oleate, polyethylene glycols having an average molecular weight of 200 to 6,000, polyoxyethylene (160) polyoxypropylene (30) glycol, or benzyl benzoate.
  • sodium chloride can particularly advantageously aggregate Compound (I) or a salt thereof to a secondary particle diameter, and can stably maintain secondary particles. Further, sodium chloride can function as an isotonizing agent as described below. Therefore, the use of sodium chloride is particularly preferable.
  • polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters polyethylene glycols, and block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are preferable because these compounds have an effect of improving syringability of the injectable preparation.
  • the concentration of the specific particle binder used in the present invention may vary depending on the type of particle binder used.
  • the particle binder is preferably contained in the injectable preparation in a concentration of about 0.01 to 500 mg/mL, more preferably about 0.05 to 450 mg/mL, and even more preferably about 0.06 to 300 mg/mL.
  • the particle binder is preferably contained in an amount of about 0.01 to 500 parts by weight, more preferably about 0.05 to 450 parts by weight, and even more preferably about 0.06 to 300 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of Compound (I) or a salt thereof.
  • Sodium chloride is preferably contained in the injectable preparation in a concentration of about 0.1 mg/mL or more, and more preferably 1 mg/l or more. More specifically, sodium chloride is preferably contained in a concentration of about 0.1 to 400 mg/mL, more preferably about 1 to 200 mg/mL, still more preferably about 1 to 100 mg/mL, and still even more preferably about 1 to 50 mg/mL, and particularly preferably about 2 to 40 mg/L.
  • the amount of sodium chloride is preferably 1 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 200 parts by weight, still more preferably 1 to 100 parts by weight, and still even more preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 2 to 40 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of Compound (I) or a salt thereof.
  • Polyethylene glycol is preferably contained in the injectable preparation in a concentration of about 1 to 40 mg/mL, more preferably about 5 to 40 mg/mL, still preferably about 1.0 to 40 mg/mL, and yet preferably about 20 to 40 mg/mL.
  • the amount of polyethylene glycol is preferably 1 to 40 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 40 parts by weight, still more preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight, and yet preferably 20 to 40 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of Compound (I) or a salt thereof.
  • Polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester is preferably contained in the injectable preparation in a concentration of about 0.01 to 10 mg/mL, more preferably about 0.1 to 5 mg/mL, still preferably about 0.1 to 1 mg/mL, and yet preferably about 0.2 to 0.5 mg/mL.
  • the amount of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, still preferably 0.1 to 1 parts by weight, and yet preferably 0.2 to 0.5 part by weight, per 100 parts by weight of Compound (I) or a salt thereof.
  • Benzyl benzoate is preferably contained in the injectable preparation in a concentration of about 0.1 to 10 mg/mL, more preferably about 0.5 to 5 mg/mL, and still preferably about 0.5 to 3 mg/mL.
  • the amount of benzyl benzoate is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, and still preferably 0.5 to 3 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of Compound (I) or a salt thereof.
  • 100 parts by weight of Compound (I) or a salt thereof refers to an amount of 100 parts by weight in terms of Compound (I), which is obtained by converting the amount of Compound (I) or a salt thereof contained in the injectable preparation to the amount of Compound (I).
  • the salt of Compound (I) is not particularly limited insofar as it is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
  • examples include alkali metal salts (e.g., sodium salts and potassium salts); alkaline earth metal salts (e.g., calcium salts and magnesium salts) and like metal salts; ammonium salts; alkali metal carbonates (e.g., lithium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and cesium carbonate); alkali metal hydrogen carbonates (e.g., lithium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, and potassium hydrogen carbonate); alkali metal hydroxides (e.g., lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and cesium hydroxide), and like salts of inorganic bases; tri (lower)alkylamines (e.g., trimethylamine, triethylamine, and N-ethyldiisopropylamine), pyridine, quinoline, piperidine, imidazole, picoline, dimethyla
  • Compound (I) or a salt thereof includes an anhydride of Compound (I) or of a salt thereof, a solvate (e.g., a hydrate, preferably a dihydrate) of Compound (I) or of a salt thereof, various crystalline forms of such anhydrides and solvates, and mixtures thereof, unless otherwise specified.
  • “Compound (I) or a salt thereof” is preferably an anhydride of Compound (I) or of a salt thereof, or a hydrate of Compound (I) or of a salt thereof, more preferably a hydrate of Compound (I) or of a salt thereof, and even more preferably a dihydrate of Compound (I) or of a salt thereof.
  • an anhydride of Compound (I) or of a salt thereof means an anhydride of Compound (I) or an anhydride of a salt of Compound (I).
  • a solvate (e.g., a hydrate) of Compound (I) or of a salt thereof” means a solvate (e.g., a hydrate) of Compound (I) or a solvate (e.g., a hydrate) of a salt of Compound (I).
  • Compound (I) or a salt thereof can be used singly or in a combination of two or more (for example, as a mixture).
  • An anhydride of Compound (I) or of a salt thereof can be obtained, for example, by using the methods disclosed in Examples 1 and 42 to 47 of JP2006-316052A, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • a preferable example of a hydrate of Compound (I) or of a salt thereof is a dihydrate as described above. The dihydrate can be obtained, for example, by using a method comprising the steps of:
  • the dihydrate of Compound (I) can be produced, for example, by using the following production method (A) or (B).
  • Production method (A) comprises the steps of:
  • step (a1) mixing acetic acid and Compound (I) in an ethanol-water mixed solution to prepare an acidic solution
  • Production method (B) comprises the steps of:
  • step (b1) mixing lactic acid and Compound (I) in an ethanol-water mixed solution to prepare an acidic mixed solution
  • Step (1) may be a step (step (I′)) in which an alcohol, water, at least one organic acid selected from the group consisting of acetic acid and lactic acid, and Compound (I) are mixed to prepare an acidic mixed solution.
  • step (1) at least one organic acid selected from the group consisting of acetic acid and lactic acid and an anhydride of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) are mixed in an ethanol-water mixed solution to prepare an acid solution.
  • Lactic acid that is used as the organic acid may be D-form, L-form, or a mixture thereof.
  • the ethanol-water mixed solution used in step (1) is preferably prepared so as to contain ethanol in an amount of about 95 volume % or less, more preferably about 70 volume % or less, and even more preferably about 60 volume % or less.
  • ethanol in an amount of 95 volume % or less
  • a dihydrate of Compound (I) can be obtained.
  • the lower limit of the amount of ethanol in the solution is not particularly limited, it is preferably about 20 volume %, and more preferably about 30 volume %.
  • the concentration of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) in the ethanol-water mixed solution is preferably about 0.1 to 30 wt %, more preferably about 0.5 to 20 wt %, and even more preferably about 1 to 10 wt %.
  • the expression “wt %” used herein refers to w/w %.
  • the amount of the organic acid in the ethanol-water mixed solution is not particularly limited insofar as the system can be adjusted to an acidic condition.
  • the organic acid is preferably contained in an amount of about 0.1 to 20 wt %, more preferably about 0.3 to 10 wt %, and even more preferably about 0.5 to 5 wt %, in the ethanol-water mixed solution.
  • the amount of the organic acid is not particularly limited insofar as the system can be adjusted to an acidic condition.
  • the organic acid is preferably contained in an amount of about 5 to 100 parts by weight, and more preferably about 20 to 80 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I).
  • the temperature at which the solution is prepared in step (1) is not particularly limited insofar as the following conditions are met: the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) is dissolved in a liquid containing the above organic acid and ethanol-water mixed solution; ethanol, water, or the organic acid does not vaporize; and the benzothiophene compound of Formula (i) does not decompose.
  • the temperature is preferably about 50 to 120° C., and more preferably about 70 to 100° C.
  • a reflux temperature (about 80° C.) may be used.
  • Step (2) is a step in which the solution obtained in step (1) is cooled.
  • the cooling temperature is 5° C. or less, preferably about 0° C. or less, and more preferably about ⁇ 2° C. or less.
  • the lower limit of the cooling temperature in step (2) is not particularly limited. However, in view of the fact that the temperature must be raised in the subsequent step and that water may be frozen, the lower limit of the cooling temperature is preferably about ⁇ 20° C., and more preferably about ⁇ 10° C.
  • Step (3) is a step in which the solution cooled in step (2) is mixed with an alkali to adjust the pH to 7 or more.
  • alkali include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and the like.
  • an aqueous alkali solution prepared in advance may be used.
  • concentration of the aqueous alkali solution is, for example, about 0.1 to 25 wt %, and more preferably about 0.5 to 10 wt %.
  • the alkali (aqueous solution) is preferably pre-cooled.
  • the temperature of the alkali (aqueous solution) is preferably about ⁇ 5 to 15° C., and more preferably about ⁇ 2 to 5° C.
  • the amount of alkali is not particularly limited insofar as the solution in the system can be adjusted to a pH of 7 or more.
  • an alkali is preferably added in an amount of about 0.3 to 10 parts by weight, and more preferably about 0.5 to 3 parts by weight, per part by weight of the organic acid incorporated in the solution in step (1).
  • step (3) the solution is adjusted with an alkali to a pH of 7 or more, more preferably about 7.5 or more, and more preferably about 8 or more.
  • the pH is less than 7, the yield of the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) or of a salt thereof tends to be insufficient.
  • the upper limit of the pH is not particularly limited, it is preferably, for example, a pH of about 1.2, and more preferably a pH of about 10, in view of facilitating washing the precipitated dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I), forming a salt of the benzothiophene compound, etc.
  • the precipitated dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) or of a salt thereof is separated into solid and liquid phases by using a known method and purified by washing with water.
  • the obtained dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) is heated to about 10° C. or higher, and more preferably to about 10 to 50° C.
  • the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) has peaks shown in FIG. 2 in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern, and has characteristic peaks at the following diffraction angles (2 ⁇ ) in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern. These peaks are different from the peaks of the known benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) (in the form of an anhydride).
  • the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) of the present invention has peaks at the following diffraction angles (2 ⁇ ) as shown in FIG. 2 , in addition to the above peaks.
  • the above diffraction angles (2 ⁇ ) may contain an error of ⁇ 0.2 to +0.2° according to the measuring instrument, measurement conditions, etc., such a level of error is within an acceptable range in the present invention.
  • the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) is identified by using an infrared absorption spectrum measured by using the potassium bromide tablet method.
  • the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) has a spectrum as shown in FIG. 3 and has peaks at the following wavenumbers (cm ⁇ 1 ):
  • the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) of the present invention has peaks at the wavenumbers shown in FIG. 3 , in addition to the above peaks.
  • the wavenumbers (cm ⁇ 1 ) may contain an error of ⁇ 0.5 to +0.5 cm ⁇ 1 according to the measuring instrument, measurement conditions, etc., such a level of error is within an acceptable range in the present invention.
  • the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) is identified by using a Raman spectrum.
  • the dihydrate has the Raman spectrum shown in FIG. 4 and has peaks in the vicinity of the following wavenumbers (cm ⁇ 1 ):
  • the dihydrate has peaks in the vicinity of the following wavenumbers shown in FIG. 4 , in addition to the above peaks:
  • the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) contains water in an amount of 6.5 to 8.8 wt %, and more specifically 7.3 to 8.1 wt %.
  • the water content is measured by using the Karl Fischer method.
  • the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) is identified according to peaks measured by 1H-NMR spectroscopy.
  • the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound of Formula (I) has a 1 H-NMR spectrum as shown in FIG. 1 and has proton peaks in the 1 H-NMR spectrum measured in Example 1 below.
  • the injectable preparation preferably contains Compound (I) or a salt thereof in a proportion of about 0.1 to 40 wt %, more preferably about 1 to 20 wt %, and even more preferably about 5 to 15 wt %, based on the total weight of the injectable preparation. That is, Compound (I) or a salt thereof is preferably present in the injectable preparation in an amount of about 0.1 to 40% (w/v), more preferably about 1 to 20% (w/v), even more preferably about 2 to 15% (w/v), still more preferably about 5 to 15% (w/v), and particularly preferably about 5 to 11% (w/v), based on the total weight of the injectable preparation.
  • the injectable preparation preferably contains Compound (I) or a salt thereof in a concentration of, for example, about 1 to 400 mg/mL, more preferably about 10 to 200 mg/mL, even more preferably about 20 to 150 mg/mL, and still more preferably about 50 to 110 mg/mL.
  • the proportion and amount of Compound (I) or a salt thereof in the injectable preparation of the present invention are based on the proportion and amount of Compound (I).
  • an injectable preparation of the present invention that contains Compound (I) or a salt thereof in a relatively high concentration (specifically, 200 mg/mL or higher), it may be difficult to handle the injectable preparation because of its high viscosity (increased viscosity due to air bubble entrapment).
  • a defoaming step is preferably added to the production process. It is also preferable to use a suspending agent that suppresses viscosity, or, further, to use a water-repellent vial (in particular, a fluorine-coated water-repellent vial). Use of a water-repellent vial can enhance handling ease and reduce foaming.
  • the amount of Compound (I) or a salt thereof in the injectable preparation is preferably about 1 to 400 mg, more preferably about 10 to 200 mg, and even more preferably about 50 to 110 mg.
  • the bulk powder of Compound (I) or a salt thereof having the desired primary particle mean particle diameter can be produced by using a wet milling process, such as wet ball milling using media or wet milling without using media (e.g., a Manton-Gaulin homogenizer), or by using a dry milling process, such as jet milling.
  • a wet milling process such as wet ball milling using media or wet milling without using media (e.g., a Manton-Gaulin homogenizer)
  • a dry milling process such as jet milling.
  • a freeze grinding method in liquid nitrogen or under freezing can also be used.
  • the wet milling process preferably uses wet ball milling.
  • the primary suspension comprising a mixture of Compound (I) or a salt thereof with a vehicle
  • the primary suspension is passed through a wet ball mill a single time (single pass) at about 5 to 15 L/hr, preferably about 8 to 12 L/hr, and more preferably about 10 L/hr, to reduce the mean particle diameter of the primary particles to the desired range of, for example, about 1 to 5 ⁇ m.
  • ball mills such as Dyno mills
  • other low-energy mills such as roller mills
  • high-energy mills include Netzsch mills, DC mills, and Planetary mills.
  • particle size reduction Other techniques for particle size reduction that may be used include aseptic controlled crystallization, high-shear homogenization, high-pressure homogenization, and microfluidization.
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention can stably contain secondary particles of Compound (I) or a salt thereof having the specific mean secondary particle diameter mentioned above.
  • the injectable preparation containing this active ingredient in the form of secondary particles having the specific secondary particle diameter mentioned above exhibits better sustained release properties (more specifically, excessive increase of blood concentration is not observed and the sustainability of the medicinal efficacy is equal or better) after administration, compared to an injectable preparation containing the same active ingredient in the form of primary particles.
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention comprising secondary particles of Compound (I) or a salt thereof having the specific mean secondary particle diameter mentioned above has the following property: when allowed to stand for a long period of time, the secondary particles precipitate but the precipitate does not solidify, and upon a simple operation such as gentle stirring or slight shaking with the hand, the secondary particles are easily suspended and revert to a suspension. Therefore, the injectable preparation of the present invention can be easily restored to a suspension from the precipitate that is formed after long-term storage, and the restored suspension as is can be preferably injected into a patient.
  • the precipitation height is preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 0.6 or more, still preferably 0.7 or more, and yet preferably 0.8 or more, with the height of the liquid surface defined as 1.
  • the Rf value is measured after the injectable preparation is stirred well and allowed to stand at room temperature for at least five days. A larger Rf value is considered to indicate greater difficulty for the precipitated particles to be in a very closely packed state. Accordingly, a pharmaceutical preparation with a larger Rf value is most likely to have a high effect of preventing hard cake formation.
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention preferably has a relative osmotic pressure close to 1. More specifically, the injectable preparation preferably has a relative osmotic pressure of 1 to 2, more preferably 1 to 1.5, even more preferably 1 to 1.2, and still even more preferably 1 to 1.1.
  • the injectable preparation containing Compound (I) of the present invention or a salt thereof preferably comprises, in addition to Compound (I) or a salt thereof, a vehicle for Compound (I) or a salt thereof, and water for injection.
  • Examples of the vehicle for Compound (I) or a salt thereof include particle binders, dispersants (suspending agents), isotonizing agents, stabilizers, buffers, pH adjusters, solvents, and the like.
  • the specific particle binder contained in the injectable preparation of the present invention Compound (I) or a salt thereof aggregates to form secondary particles, and the injectable preparation can advantageously contain the secondary particles in a stable manner. Therefore, the use of a specific particle binder is important.
  • Other vehicles can be suitably added insofar as the effect of the present invention is not adversely affected.
  • dispersants include sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl ethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Carbopol 934 (registered trademark) (manufactured by Union Carbide)), cetylpyridinium chloride, gelatin, casein, lecithin (phosphatide), dextran, glycerol, gum acacia, cholesterol, tragacanth, stearic acid, benzalkonium chloride, calcium stearate, glyceryl monostearate, cetostearyl alcohol, cetomacrogol emulsifying wax, sorbitan esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers (e.g., macrogol ethers such as cetomacrogol 1000), polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, polyoxyethylene stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, phosphate,
  • dispersants are known pharmaceutical excipients and are described in detail in the Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, published jointly by the American Pharmaceutical Association and the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain (The Pharmaceutical Press, 1986). Pharmaceutical excipients described in this publication can also be used. Commercially available dispersants may be used, or dispersants can be prepared by using techniques known in the art.
  • the concentration of the dispersant in the injectable preparation is preferably about 0.1 to 45 mg/mL, more preferably about 0.5 to 40 mg/mL, and even more preferably about 0.6 to 35 mg/mL, based on the total volume of the injectable preparation.
  • the proportion of the dispersant in the injectable preparation is preferably about 0.01 to 10 wt %, more preferably about 0.05 to 8 wt %, and even more preferably about 0.06 to 5 wt %.
  • the amount of the dispersant is preferably about 0.01 to 45 parts by weight, more preferably about 0.1 to 40 parts by weight, and even more preferably about 0.5 to 35 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of Compound (I) or a salt thereof.
  • Dispersants may also have functions as other additives.
  • concentration, proportion, and amount of dispersant are the total of the concentrations, proportions, and amounts of such additives used.
  • isotonizing agents examples include non-electrolytic osmotic modulating agents, such as mannitol, sucrose, maltose, xylitol, glucose, starch, sorbitol, glycerol, and propylene glycol; and electrolytic osmotic modulating agents, such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, and magnesium chloride.
  • non-electrolytic osmotic modulating agents such as mannitol, sucrose, maltose, xylitol, glucose, starch, sorbitol, glycerol, and propylene glycol
  • electrolytic osmotic modulating agents such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, and magnesium chloride.
  • Such isotonizing agents can be used singly or in a combination of two or more.
  • sorbitol is preferably used.
  • aqueous particle binder is used as the binder, sodium chloride is preferably used.
  • Sugars or sugar alcohols such as mannitol, trehalose, sucrose, maltose, xylitol, and sorbitol, are preferable because they can be expected to stabilize the produced injectable preparation during frozen storage.
  • the concentration of the isotonizing agent in the injectable preparation is preferably about 0.1 to 70 mg/mL, more preferably about 0.5 to 60 mg/mL, and even more preferably about 1 to 55 mg/mL.
  • the proportion of the isotonizing agent in the injectable preparation is preferably about 0.05 to 10 wt %, more preferably about 0.1 to 7 wt %, and even more preferably about 0.2 to 5 wt %.
  • the amount of the isotonizing agent is preferably about 1 to 70 parts by weight, more preferably about 2 to 60 parts by weight, and even more preferably about 4 to 55 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of Compound (I) or a salt thereof.
  • Isotonizing agents may also have functions as other additives.
  • concentration, proportion, and amount of isotonizing agent are the total of the concentrations, proportions, and amounts of such additives used.
  • stabilizers examples include ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid derivatives (such as erythorbic acid, and sodium ascorbate), methionine, and the like.
  • the methionine may be in any of D form, L form, and racemic form (DL form).
  • the concentration of the stabilizer in the injectable preparation is preferably about 0.1 to 5 mg/mL, more preferably about 0.5 to 4 mg/mL, and even more preferably about 1 to 3 mg/mL.
  • the proportion of the stabilizer in the injectable preparation is preferably about 0.01 to 5 wt %, more preferably about 0.05 to 2 wt %, and even more preferably about 0.1 to 0.5 wt %.
  • the amount of the stabilizer is preferably about 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably about 0.5 to 4 parts by weight, and even more preferably about 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of Compound (I) or a salt thereof.
  • Stabilizers may also have functions as other additives.
  • concentration, proportion, and amount of stabilizer are the total of the concentrations, proportions, and amounts of such additives used.
  • buffers include sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, tris buffers, sodium hydrogenphosphate, sodium dihydrogenphosphate, trisodium phosphate, and hydrates thereof.
  • Specific examples of hydrates include sodium dihydrogenphosphate dihydrate and disodium hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate. Such buffers may be used singly or in a combination of two or more.
  • the proportion and amount of the buffer are such that the injectable preparation containing Compound (I) or a salt thereof can be adjusted to a pH described below (preferably a pH of about 4 to 9, more preferably about 4.5 to 8.5, and even more preferably about 5 to 8).
  • the proportion of the buffer in the injectable preparation may suitably change according to the type of buffer, etc. For example, it is preferably about 0.01 to 10 mg/mL, more preferably about 0.1 to 7 mg/mL, and even more preferably about 0.2 to 5 mg/mL, based on the total weight of the injectable preparation.
  • the concentration of the buffer in the injectable preparation is preferably about 0.001 to 5 wt %, more preferably about 0.01 to 1 wt %, and even more preferably about 0.02 to 0.8 wt %.
  • the amount of the buffer in the injectable preparation may also suitably change according to the type of buffer, etc.
  • the amount of the buffer is preferably about 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably about 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, and even more preferably about 0.2 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of Compound (I) or a salt thereof.
  • an acidic pH adjuster such as hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, or citric acid, can be used.
  • a basic pH adjuster such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, or magnesium hydroxide
  • sodium hydroxide is preferably used.
  • pH adjusters may be used singly or in a combination of two or more.
  • the proportion and amount of the pH adjuster are such that the injectable preparation containing Compound (I) or a salt thereof can be adjusted to a pH described below (preferably a pH of about 4 to 9, more preferably about 4.5 to 8.5, and even more preferably about 5 to 8).
  • a pH described below preferably a pH of about 4 to 9, more preferably about 4.5 to 8.5, and even more preferably about 5 to 8.
  • an acid or a base is suitably selected.
  • a suspension is obtained by suspending Compound (I) or a salt thereof, and a vehicle for Compound (I) or a salt thereof in water for injection.
  • a vehicle for Compound (I) or a salt thereof in water for injection.
  • the vehicle is dissolved in water for injection to prepare an injectable solution and Compound (I) or a salt thereof is suspended in the injectable solution.
  • Sterilized water (pure water) is used as the water for injection.
  • the amount of water for injection is preferably about 0.7 to 1.0 mL, and more preferably about 0.8 to 0.9 mL, per mL of the injectable preparation.
  • the suspension as is can be used as an injectable preparation.
  • the obtained injectable preparation preferably has a pH of about 4 to 9, more preferably about 4.5 to 8.5, and even more preferably about 5 to 8.
  • a stable suspension in which a smaller amount of a drug is dissolved in an injection solvent can be preferably prepared.
  • a stable suspension by which stimulation is reduced can be preferably prepared.
  • Compound (I) or a salt thereof, and a vehicle for Compound (I) or a salt thereof used in the injectable preparation of the present invention may be a freeze-dried product or a powder mixture.
  • a freeze-dried product can be obtained, for example, by suspending Compound (I) or a salt thereof and a vehicle for Compound (I) or a salt thereof in water, and then freeze-drying the suspension.
  • the proportions of Compound (I) or a salt thereof, and a vehicle for Compound (I) or a salt thereof in the freeze-dried product or powder mixture can be suitably set to the above proportions by subsequent addition of water for injection.
  • freeze-dried product or powder mixture may also be formulated into an injectable preparation by the addition of water for injection at the time of use.
  • the method for producing the injectable preparation of the present invention is not particularly limited.
  • the injectable preparation can be produced by using a process comprising the steps of dissolving a vehicle in water for injection to prepare an injectable solution and further suspending Compound (I) or a salt thereof in the obtained injectable solution.
  • the injectable preparation can be produced, for example, by using a process comprising the steps of dissolving a vehicle in water for injection and adding an oily particle binder filtered through a sterilized oleophilic filter to obtain an injectable solution, further incorporating Compound (I) or a salt thereof in the obtained injectable solution, and stirring and heating the resulting mixture.
  • the injectable preparation containing Compound (I) or a salt thereof according to the present invention almost creates no patient compliance problems and can be preferably administered to deliver a drug.
  • the injectable preparation containing Compound (I) or a salt thereof according to the present invention is produced, it is particularly preferable that all production steps are sterile. That is, it is preferable that a sterile Compound (I) or a salt thereof, and a sterile vehicle are mixed aseptically to form a sterile suspension.
  • the method for obtaining a sterile bulk powder of Compound (I) or a salt thereof includes, for example, the following methods: sterilization by means of ionizing irradiation with an electron beam or gamma rays, aseptic crystallization, UV irradiation, autoclaving, etc.; gas sterilization with ethylene oxide or hydrogen peroxide; suspended particle filter sterilization; and an aseptic technique within a clean bench.
  • Vehicles a particle binder, a dispersant (suspending agent), an isotonizing agent, a stabilizer, a buffer, a pH adjuster, a solvent
  • a particle binder a dispersant (suspending agent), an isotonizing agent, a stabilizer, a buffer, a pH adjuster, a solvent
  • water preferably sterilized by autoclaving, filtration, etc. after being prepared.
  • the preparation comprising Compound (I) or a salt thereof according to the present invention can be preferably used to treat schizophrenia and associated disorders (such as bipolar disorder and dementia) in human patients.
  • a preferable dose of the injectable preparation of the present invention is, for example, a single injection or multiple injections of the preparation containing Compound (I) or a salt thereof in a concentration of about 50 to 150 mg per mL of the preparation, which can be given once a month.
  • the injectable preparation is preferably administered intramuscularly, subcutaneous injection is also acceptable.
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention is useful as a depot medication (a sustained-release injectable preparation). Furthermore, the injectable preparation of the present invention is less irritating and is also excellent in terms of stability. Because poor syringability results in increased irritation, good syringability is preferable.
  • a therapeutic amount of the above sustained-release injectable preparation can be administered to a patient in need of treatment and can treat central nervous system diseases.
  • central nervous system diseases treated by the injectable preparation of the present invention that contains a dihydrate of benzothiophene compound include schizophrenia, such as treatment-resistant, refractory and chronic schizophrenia, emotional disturbance, psychotic disorder, mood disorder, bipolar disorder (e.g., bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder), mania, depression, endogenous depression, major depression, melancholic and treatment-resistant depression, dysthymic disorder, cyclothymic disorder, anxiety disorder (e.g., panic attack, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post traumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and acute stress disorder), somatoform disorder (e.g., hysteria, somatization disorder, conversion disorder, pain disorder, and hypochondria), factitious disorder, dissociative disorder, sexual disorder (e.g., sexual dysfunction, libido disorder, sexual arousal disorder, and erectile dysfunction), eating disorder (e.g., anor
  • One example of the particularly preferable particle binder of the injectable preparation of the present invention comprises (i) sodium chloride, and (ii) at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and polyethylene glycol.
  • component (ii) is preferable at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyethylene glycol.
  • use of the particle binder is preferable.
  • Compound (I) or a salt thereof can desirably form secondary particles; however, syringability is not excellent.
  • Compound (ii) described above improves the syringability; therefore, (i) sodium chloride and component (ii) are preferably used in combination as a particle binder.
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention is such that the secondary particles of Compound (I) or a salt thereof precipitate when stood for a long period of time but the precipitate does not solidify; upon a simple operation such as gentle stirring or slightly shaking with the hand, the secondary particles are easily suspended and revert to a suspension. Therefore, a prefilled syringe into which the injectable preparation of the present invention is filled beforehand is useful, in particular, in clinical practice.
  • a syringe that is prefilled with the injectable preparation has excellent storage stability and is simple and convenient since even when precipitation occurs due to the prefilled syringe having stood for some time, it easily returns to a suspension by shaking with hand, etc.
  • the scope of the present invention encompasses such a prefilled syringe and a kit comprising the prefilled syringe.
  • the present invention provides a long-acting medication administration form of Compound (I) or a salt thereof, which is usable as a sustained release injectable preparation that releases a therapeutically effective amount of Compound (I) or a salt thereof over a period of at least one week.
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention exhibits superior sustained release properties after administration compared to an injectable preparation that contains Compound (I) or a salt thereof in the form of primary particles. (More specifically, excessive increase in blood concentration is not observed and the sustainability of the medicinal efficacy is equal or better).
  • the injectable preparation of the present invention can be easily restored to a suspension from the precipitate that is formed after long-term storage (i.e., for five days or more), and the restored suspension as is can be preferably injected into a patient.
  • FIG. 1 shows the 1 H-NMR spectrum of the benzothiophene compound represented by Formula (I) synthesized in Production Example 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound represented by Formula (I) synthesized in Production Example 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows the infrared absorption spectrum of the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound represented by Formula (I) synthesized in Production Example 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows the Raman spectrum of the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound represented by Formula (I) synthesized in Production Example 1.
  • FIG. 5 shows the 1 H-NMR spectrum of the benzothiophene compound represented by Formula (I) synthesized in Production Example 2.
  • FIG. 6 shows the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound represented by Formula (I) synthesized in Production Example 2.
  • FIG. 7 shows the infrared absorption spectrum of the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound represented by Formula (I) synthesized in Production Example 2.
  • FIG. 8 shows the Raman spectrum of the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound represented by Formula (I) synthesized in Production Example 2.
  • FIG. 9 shows the Raman spectrum of the dihydrate of the benzothiophene compound represented by Formula (I) synthesized in Production Example 3.
  • FIG. 10 shows the 1 H-NMR spectrum of the anhydride of the benzothiophene compound represented by Formula (I) synthesized in Production Example 4.
  • FIG. 11 shows the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the anhydride of the benzothiophene compound synthesized in Production Example 4.
  • FIG. 12 shows the infrared absorption spectrum of the anhydride of the benzothiophene compound synthesized in Production Example 4.
  • FIG. 13 is a graph showing the mean blood concentration-time profiles obtained in Test Example 1 in which the injectable preparations containing Compound (I) of Examples 1 and 2 as an active ingredient were administered to rats.
  • FIG. 14 is a graph showing the mean blood concentration-time profiles obtained in Test Example 2 in which the injectable preparations containing Compound (I) of Examples 3 and 4 as an active ingredient were administered to rats.
  • FIG. 15 is a graph showing the mean blood concentration-time profiles obtained in Test Example 3 in which the injectable preparations of Example A, Example B, Comparative Example A, and Comparative Example B were administered to rats.
  • FIG. 16 is a graph showing the mean blood concentration-time profiles obtained in Test Example 4 in which the injectable preparations of Examples C to F were administered to rats.
  • FIG. 17 is a graph showing the Rf values of an injectable preparation of each Example measured in Test Example 5.
  • the crude product (4.82 kg) and ethanol (96 L) were mixed in a reaction vessel, and acetic acid (4.8 L) was introduced into the reaction vessel. The mixture was stirred under reflux for one hour to dissolve the crude product. After introducing hydrochloric acid (1.29 kg), the mixture was cooled to 10° C. The mixture was heated again, refluxed for one hour, and cooled to 7° C. The precipitated crystal was centrifuged and washed with ethanol (4.8 L). The separated crystal was dried at 60° C. to obtain 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one hydrochloride (5.09 kg).
  • the solution obtained above was introduced, over a period of 30 minutes, into a solution containing 25% sodium hydroxide (5.9 kg) and water (54 L) that was cooled to 0° C., to prepare a liquid mixture with pH10.
  • a solution containing 25% sodium hydroxide 5.9 kg
  • water 54 L
  • the mixture was heated to 20 to 0.30° C. and further stirred for seven hours to conduct solid-liquid separation. Washing with water (320 L) was performed until alkali in the solid component disappeared (i.e., until the pH value of the filtrate became 7).
  • FIG. 1 shows the 1 H-NMR spectrum (DMSO-d 6 , TMS) of the dihydrate synthesized by the aforesaid method.
  • FIG. 3 shows the IR (KBr) spectrum.
  • absorption bands were observed in the vicinity of wavenumbers 3509 cm ⁇ 1 , 2934 cm ⁇ 1 , 2812 cm ⁇ 1 , 1651 cm ⁇ 1 , 1626 cm ⁇ 1 , 1447 cm ⁇ 1 , 1223 cm ⁇ 1 and 839 cm ⁇ 1 .
  • FIG. 4 shows the Raman spectrum. As shown in FIG. 4 , in the Raman spectrum, absorption bands were observed in the vicinity of wavenumbers 1497 cm ⁇ 1 , 1376 cm ⁇ 1 , 1323 cm ⁇ 1 , 131.1 cm ⁇ 1 , 1287 cm ⁇ 1 , 1223 cm ⁇ 1 , and 781 cm ⁇ 1 .
  • the water content of the dihydrate synthesized by the aforesaid method was measured using a moisture meter (CA-100, produced by Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech Co., Ltd.) by the Karl Fischer method. The results showed that the dihydrate had a water content of 7.79% by weight.
  • Dihydrate crystal (2.73 kg) obtained in Production Example 1 was ground using a jet mill. Here, the air pressure was set at 5 kgf/cm 2 , and the rotational speed of the feeder was set at 20 rpm. As a result, finely ground 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one dihydrate (2.61 kg, 95.6%) was obtained.
  • the dihydrate (finely ground product) thus obtained had a mean particle diameter of 5.5 ⁇ m.
  • the mean particle diameter was measured using a Microtrack HRA, produced by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.
  • FIG. 5 shows the 1 H-NMR spectrum (DMSO-d 6 , TMS) of the dihydrate synthesized by the above method.
  • FIG. 7 shows the IP (KBr) spectrum.
  • absorption bands were observed in the vicinity of wavenumbers 3507 cm ⁇ 1 , 2936 cm ⁇ 1 , 2812 cm ⁇ 1 , 1651 cm ⁇ 1 , 1626 cm ⁇ 1 , 1447 cm ⁇ 1 , 1223 cm ⁇ 1 , and 839 cm ⁇ 1 .
  • FIG. 8 shows the Raman spectrum. As shown in FIG. 8 , in the Raman spectrum, absorption bands were observed in the vicinity of wavenumbers 1496 cm ⁇ 1 , 1376 cm ⁇ 1 , 1323 cm ⁇ 1 , 1311 cm ⁇ 1 , 1286 cm ⁇ 1 , 1223 cm ⁇ 1 , and 781 cm ⁇ 1 .
  • the water content of the dihydrate synthesized by the aforesaid method was measured using a moisture meter (CA-100, produced by Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech Co., Ltd.) by the Karl Fischer method. The results showed that the dihydrate had a water content of 6.74% by weight.
  • the solution obtained above was introduced, over a period of about 15 minutes, into a solution containing sodium hydroxide (1.48 kg) and water (135 L) that was cooled to 1° C., to prepare a liquid mixture with pH11.
  • a solution containing sodium hydroxide (1.48 kg) and water (135 L) that was cooled to 1° C.
  • the mixture was heated to 45° C. and further stirred at 45 to 50° C. for two hours to conduct solid-liquid separation. Washing with water (200 L) was performed until alkali in the solid component disappeared (i.e., until the pH value of the filtrate became 7).
  • the solid component was further washed with a liquid mixture of ethanol (15 L) and water (20 L).
  • FIG. 9 shows the Raman spectrum.
  • absorption bands were observed in the vicinity of wavenumbers 1497 cm ⁇ 1 , 1376 cm ⁇ 1 , 1323 cm ⁇ 1 , 1311 cm ⁇ 1 , 1287 cm ⁇ 1 , 1223 cm ⁇ 1 , and 782 cm ⁇ 1 .
  • FIG. 10 shows the 1 H-NMR spectrum (DMSO-d 6 , TMS).
  • FIG. 12 shows the IR (KBr) spectrum.
  • the 7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one had absorption bands in the IR (KBr) spectrum in the vicinity of wavenumbers 2941 cm ⁇ 1 , 2818 cm ⁇ 1 , 3655 cm ⁇ 1 , 1624 cm ⁇ 1 , 1449 cm ⁇ 1 , 1221 cm ⁇ 1 , and 833 cm ⁇ 1 .
  • the water content of the anhydride synthesized by the aforesaid method was measured in the same manner as in Production Example 2. The results revealed that the anhydride obtained above had a water content of 0.04% by weight.
  • injectable preparations described below were produced using a dihydrate of Compound (I) (the dihydrate obtained in Production Example 1 was ground into a desirable particle size) or an anhydride of Compound (I), both produced by the method described above, and the following components. Unless otherwise defined, dihydrate of Compound (1), and anhydrate of Compound (I) were used after being ground into 2 to 6 ⁇ m. The particle size was measured using a laser diffraction particle size analyzer (SALD-3000J or SALD-3100, produced by Shimadzu Corporation). When an injectable preparation contains 108 mg of dihydrate of Compound (I) per 1 mL of the preparation, 100 mg of Compound (I) is contained in the injectable preparation.
  • SALD-3000J or SALD-3100 laser diffraction particle size analyzer
  • Polyethylene glycol 400 (Macrogol 400, produced by Wako Pure Chemical Industries)
  • Disodium hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate produced by Wako Pure Chemical Industries
  • Polysorbate 80 Polysorbate 80, produced by NOF Corporation
  • Polyethylene glycol 400 (8640 mg), polyoxyethylene (160) polyoxypropylene (30) glycol (300 mg), sodium chloride (12000 mg), DL-methionine (750 mg), sodium dihydrogenphosphate dihydrate (226 mg), disodium hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate (176 mg), and polysorbate 80 (90 mg) were, as a vehicle, weighed and mixed in a 500 mL beaker. Water for injection (240 mL) was added to dissolve the vehicle.
  • the resulting solution was made to pass through a polyethersulfone (PES) filter (Millipore Express PLUS high flow rate, 73 mm/0.22 ⁇ m, SCGP U11 RE, produced by Nihon Millipore K. K.) in a clean bench (biological clean bench, MCV-B161F, produced by Biomedix).
  • PES polyethersulfone
  • An anhydride of Compound (I) (30000 mg) was added to the solution that had been passed through the filter in the clean bench to make a suspension.
  • the mixture was adjusted to have a pH value of about 7 using a IN or 5N sodium hydroxide that had been passed through a PES filter.
  • the volume of the resulting solution was measured using a measuring cylinder, and a portion thereof (0.5 mL) was extracted. After measuring the content of Compound (I) by the HPLC method, water for injection was added thereto to adjust the concentration of Compound (I) to 100 mg/mL.
  • each formulation was individually placed in a vial ( ⁇ 23 ⁇ 35 and an opening of 13 mm, produced by Iwata Glass Industrial Co., Ltd.), and then processed in an autoclave (121° C., 20 minutes) to obtain an injectable preparation.
  • the resulting injectable preparation had a pH value of 6.54.
  • the particle diameter of the anhydride of Compound (I) contained in the resulting injectable preparation was measured using a laser diffraction particle size analyzer (SALD-3000J or SALD-3100, produced by Shimadzu Corporation). Specifically, the secondary mean particle diameter was defined as the particle diameter measured using a circulation cell and using water as the measurement medium. The mean primary particle diameter was defined as the particle diameter measured under the same conditions as described above except that the measurement was performed while the measurement medium was subjected to ultrasonic irradiation. (This is also true for the Examples described below.) The anhydride of Compound (I) had a secondary mean particle diameter of 10.480 ⁇ m. It was confirmed that particles of the anhydride of Compound (I) aggregated to form secondary particles.
  • An injectable preparation was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that dihydrate of Compound (I) was used instead of anhydride of Compound (I) and the autoclave process was not performed.
  • the resulting injectable preparation had a pH value of 7.08.
  • the particle diameter of the dihydrate of Compound (I) contained in the resulting injectable preparation was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the dihydrate of Compound (I) had a mean particle diameter of 9.819 ⁇ m. It was confirmed that particles of the dihydrate of Compound (I) aggregated to form secondary particles.
  • Example 2 Anhydride of Compound (I) 100 — Dihydrate of Compound (I) — 108 Polyethylene glycol 400 28.8 28.8 Sodium chloride 40 5 Sodium dihydrogenphosphate dihydrate 0.756 0.756 Disodium hydrogenphosphate 0.588 0.588 dodecahydrate Polysorbate 80 0.3 0.3 DL-methionine 2.5 2.5 Polyoxyethylene (160) 1 1 polyoxypropylene (30) glycol Sodium hydroxide Q.S. Q.S. Water for injection Q.S. Q.S. Total 1 mL 1 mL
  • Example 2 The injectable preparation of Example 2 was re-produced in the same manner (Example 2b). At the same time, an injectable preparation (Example 2c) using 10 mg/mL of sodium chloride instead of 5 mg/mL, and an injectable preparation (Example 2a) excluding polyethylene glycol from Example 2c were produced. Specifically, injectable preparations (Examples 2a, 2b, and 2c) as shown in Table 2 were produced. Furthermore, injectable preparations of Examples 2a, 2b, and 2c were allowed to stand at 60° C. for one month and then their dispersibility and redispersibility were analyzed. The mean primary particle diameter and mean secondary particle diameter were measured before and after standing. Table 2 also shows the results.
  • the values shown in the column of “Dispersibility (60° C./1M, Rf)” indicate the multiple of the precipitation height formed upon allowing each injectable preparation to stand at 60° C. for one month after production relative to the liquid surface height. Specifically, the numbers indicate the ratio of the precipitation height when the height of the liquid surface defined as 1. (60° C./1M means that the sample was allowed to stand at 60° C. for one month).
  • the “A” symbol in the column “Redispersibility (60° C./1M)” indicates that the injectable preparation easily returned to a suspension when gently shaken by hand after precipitation had occurred due to standing at 60° C. for one month.
  • Carboxymethylcellulose was weighed (15000 mg) and placed in a 300 mL beaker. Water for injection (120 mL) was added thereto, and the carboxymethylcellulose was dissolved using a homogenizer (OMNI TH, produced by OMNI International Co., Ltd.) at 50° C. Subsequently, sorbitol (75000 mg), sodium dihydrogenphosphate dihydrate (117 mg), and polysorbate 80 (150 mg) were weighed and added into the 300 mL beaker. The mixture was then fully stirred.
  • OMNI TH homogenizer
  • sorbitol 75000 mg
  • sodium dihydrogenphosphate dihydrate 117 mg
  • polysorbate 80 150 mg
  • PES polyethersulfone
  • benzyl benzoate that had been passed through a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter (Millex®-FG, 0.2 ⁇ m, 25 mm, produced by Nihon Millipore K.K., sterilized by ethylene oxide) was added to the 10 mL-line of a measuring flask whose tare weight was weighed in advance. Then, the weight of the measuring flask was measured. The amount of benzyl benzoate necessary to add was estimated based on the density calculated from the weight measured. The necessary amount of benzyl benzoate was added to the solution passed through a PES filter, and then fully mixed.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the mixture was adjusted to have a pH value of about 7 using a IN or 5N sodium hydroxide that had been passed through a PES filter.
  • the volume thereof was measured using a measuring cylinder, and a portion thereof (0.5 mL) was extracted.
  • water for injection was added thereto to adjust the concentration of Compound (I) to 100 mg/mL.
  • the resulting injectable preparation had a pH value of 6.95.
  • the particle diameter of the anhydride of Compound (I) contained in the resulting injectable preparation was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the anhydride of Compound (I) had a mean particle diameter of 13.237 ⁇ m. It was confirmed that particles of the anhydride of Compound (I) aggregated to form secondary particles.
  • An injectable preparation was produced in the same manner as in Example 3, except that a dihydrate of Compound (I) was used instead of an anhydride of Compound (I).
  • the resulting injectable preparation had a pH value of 7.06.
  • the particle diameter of the dihydrate of Compound (I) contained in the resulting injectable preparation was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the dihydrate of Compound (I) had a mean particle diameter of 8.025 ⁇ m. It was confirmed that particles of the dihydrate of Compound (I) aggregated to form secondary particles.
  • Example 4 Anhydride of Compound (I) 100 — Dihydrate of Compound (I) — 108 Sorbitol 50 45 Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 10 10 Sodium dihydrogenphosphate 0.78 0.624 dihydrate Disodium hydrogenphosphate — 2.148 dodecahydrate Benzyl benzoate 0.3 0.8 Polysorbate 80 1 1 Sodium hydroxide Q.S. Q.S. Water for injection Q.S. Q.S. Total 1 mL 1 mL
  • Example 4 The injectable preparation of Example 4 was then re-produced in the same manner (Example 4b). At the same time, injectable preparations were produced in the same manner except that benzyl benzoate was used in an amount of 0.6 mg/mL (Example 4a) or 1.0 mg/mL (Example 4c) instead of 0.8 mg/mL. Specifically, the injectable preparations (Examples 4a, 4b, and 4c) shown in Table 4 were produced. Furthermore, injectable preparations of Examples 4a, 4b, and 4c were allowed to stand at 60° C. for one month, and then their dispersibility and redispersibility were analyzed. The mean primary particle diameter and mean secondary particle diameter were measured before and after standing. Table 4 also shows the results.
  • Examples 1 and 3 were re-produced (Examples 1a and 3a), and the mean particle diameters thereof were measured.
  • An injectable preparation was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that a dihydrate of Compound (I) was used instead of an anhydride of Compound (I), benzyl alcohol (10 mg/mL) was used instead of benzyl benzoate (0.3 ng/mL).
  • the secondary mean particle diameter of the dihydrate of Compound (I) in the injectable preparation was 6.9 ⁇ m and the mean primary particle diameter thereof was 2.3 ⁇ m. From this result, it was confirmed that particles of the dihydrate of Compound (I) aggregated to form secondary particles.
  • the injectable preparation was allowed to stand for four days at room temperature, precipitation occurred but easily returned to a suspension when gently shaken by hand.
  • the injectable preparations comprising an anhydride of Compound (I) or a dihydrate of Compound (I) produced in Examples 1 to 4 as an active ingredient were each injected into the crural muscle of male rats at a dose of 25 mg/kg.
  • blood samples were collected 0.25, 1, 3, 6, 9, 14, 21, and 28 days after administration, and the concentration of Compound (I) in the blood of each sample was measured.
  • FIG. 13 shows the mean blood concentration-time profiles obtained by administering the injectable preparations produced in Examples 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 14 shows the mean blood concentration-time profiles obtained by administering the injectable preparations produced in Examples 3 and 4.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 in either case in which the injectable preparation comprising an anhydride or dihydrate of Compound (I) was administered, an effective blood concentration of Compound (I) was sustained for at least 28 clays.
  • the results of Test Example 2 revealed that when an injectable preparation containing a dihydrate of Compound (I) produced in Example 4 was administered, an excessive increase in blood concentration was not observed, and a stable blood concentration was obtained.
  • the injectable preparations (Example A and Example B) shown in Table 5 were produced in the same manner as in Examples 3 and 4, respectively.
  • the freeze-dried injectable preparations (Comparative Example A and Comparative Example B) shown in Table 6 below were produced using the same method as disclosed in the Example of JP2012-232958A. (The content of JP2012-232958A is incorporated in this specification by reference.) The injectable preparations were produced at a 100-mL scale.
  • Example A, Example B, Comparative Example A, and Comparative Example B were each injected into the crural muscle of male rats at a Compound (I) dose of 25 mg/kg.
  • Compound (I) dose 25 mg/kg.
  • blood samples were collected 0.25, 1, 3, 6, 9, 14, 21, and 28 days after administration, and the concentration of Compound (I) in the blood of each sample was measured.
  • the freeze-dried injectable preparations of Comparative Examples A and B are such that Compound (I) or a salt thereof does not form secondary particles.
  • FIG. 15 shows the obtained results in the form of a graph. From FIG. 15 , it was confirmed that, compared to the case in which secondary particles are not formed, the injectable preparation of the present invention wherein Compound (I) or a salt thereof forms secondary particles with a specific particle diameter leads to a suppression of the burst phenomenon after the start of administration and renders excellent sustainability of medicinal efficacy.
  • the injectable preparations of Examples C to F were each injected into the crural muscle of male rats at a Compound (1) dose of 25 mg/kg.
  • a Compound (1) dose of 25 mg/kg was administered to the patient.
  • blood samples were collected 0.25, 1, 0.3, 6, 9, 14, 21, and 28 days after administration, and the concentration of Compound (I) in the blood of each sample was measured.
  • FIG. 16 shows the obtained results in a form of a graph.
  • Table 8 shows C max and AUC 28day after administering an injectable preparation of each Example.
  • Table 13 shows the Rf value (the precipitation height when the height of the liquid surface defined as 1) of each Example.
  • the Rf values were measured after allowing each Example to stand at room temperature for five days while applying vibration.
  • the test tube and vibration tester used for the measurement are as follows.
  • test tube equipped with a screw top (NR-10, manufactured by Maruemu Corporation), Material (Body): Borosilicate glass,
  • Air handling unit DH-14 manufactured by Sinko Industries Ltd.
  • the air handling unit was used as a vibration tester by placing thereon each test tube containing an injectable preparation.
  • the vibration levels of the air handling unit were measured using a vibration level meter (VM-53A, manufactured by RION Co., Ltd.), and the following vibration levels were observed:
  • X-axis direction 68 dB
  • Y-axis direction 76 dB
  • Z-axis direction 90 dB.
  • FIG. 17 is a graph showing the results of Table 13.
  • PS80 stands for Polysorbate 80
  • PEG stands for Macrogol 400
  • F68 stands for polyoxyethylene (160) polyoxypropylene (30) glycol (Pluronic F68).
  • (+) appearing after some components means that the component was contained therein, and the ( ⁇ ) indicates that the component was not contained therein. This is also applicable to Table 14 shown below.
  • the injectable preparations of Examples G-1 to G-6, Examples H-1 to H-6, Examples I-1 to I-6, and Examples J-1 to J-6 were allowed to stand for five days while vibration was applied. Thereafter, the injectable preparations of Examples G-1 to G-6, Examples H-1 to H-6, Examples I-1 to I-6, and Examples J-1 to J-6 were inverted to redisperse the precipitates therein. The precipitates in all of the injectable preparations were preferably redispersed by being inverted only once.
  • each injectable preparation was filled in a syringe equipped with a needle (27 G ⁇ 1.5 inch, manufactured by Terumo Corporation), and then the injectability of each injectable preparation into extracted muscle (chicken thigh) was confirmed.
  • Table 14 shows the results.
  • “a” indicates that the entire quantity of the injectable preparation could be injected (i.e., the syringability was satisfactory); and “b” indicates that clogging of the syringe needle occurred, and that the quantity of the injectable preparation could not be injected in its entirety.

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