US20140199161A1 - Steam turbine comprising a thrust balance piston - Google Patents

Steam turbine comprising a thrust balance piston Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140199161A1
US20140199161A1 US14/236,396 US201214236396A US2014199161A1 US 20140199161 A1 US20140199161 A1 US 20140199161A1 US 201214236396 A US201214236396 A US 201214236396A US 2014199161 A1 US2014199161 A1 US 2014199161A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
steam turbine
steam
inner housing
space
pressure space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/236,396
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English (en)
Inventor
Martina Holder
Christian Lenz
Norbert Pieper
Rudolf Potter
Dominic Schlehuber
Uwe Zander
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Assigned to SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LENZ, CHRISTIAN, PIEPER, NORBERT, POTTER, RUDOLF, Schlehuber, Dominic, ZANDER, UWE, Holder, Martina
Publication of US20140199161A1 publication Critical patent/US20140199161A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/02—Use of accumulators and specific engine types; Control thereof
    • F01K3/04—Use of accumulators and specific engine types; Control thereof the engine being of multiple-inlet-pressure type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D3/00—Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid
    • F01D3/04—Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid axial thrust being compensated by thrust-balancing dummy piston or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam turbine having an outer housing and an inner housing, a rotor, comprising a plurality of rotor blades, which has a thrust compensating piston being arranged in a rotationally mounted manner within the inner housing, the inner housing having an inner housing end region which is formed around the thrust compensating piston, a seal which seals a third pressure space which is arranged between the inner housing region and the outer housing, the inner housing having a feed channel which connects the first pressure space to a thrust compensating piston pre-space which is arranged between the thrust compensating piston and the inner housing.
  • a steam turbine is understood to be every turbine or part turbine, through which a working medium in the form of steam flows.
  • gas and/or air flows through gas turbines as working medium which, however, is subject to completely different temperature and pressure conditions than the steam in a steam turbine.
  • the working medium which flows to a part turbine and is at the highest temperature at the same time has the highest pressure in steam turbines.
  • An open cooling system which is open to the flow channel can also be realized without external supply of cooling medium in gas turbines. An external supply of cooling medium should be provided for a steam turbine. The prior art concerning gas turbines therefore cannot be used for this reason to assess the subject matter of the present application.
  • a steam turbine usually comprises a rotatably mounted rotor which is fitted with blades and is arranged inside a housing or housing shell. If heated and pressurized steam flows through the interior of the flow channel, which interior is formed by the housing shell, the rotor is set in rotation by the steam via the blades.
  • the blades of the rotor are also called rotor blades.
  • stationary guide blades are usually fixed on the inner housing, which guide blades reach into the intermediate spaces of the rotor blades along an axial extent of the body.
  • a guide blade is usually held at a first point along an inner side of the steam turbine housing. Here, it is usually part of a guide blade row which comprises a number of guide blades which are arranged on the inner side of the steam turbine housing along an inner circumference.
  • each guide blade points radially to the inside with its turbine blade.
  • a guide blade row at said first point along the axial extent is also called a guide blade cascade or guide blade ring.
  • a number of guide blade rows are usually connected one behind another. Accordingly, a further second blade is held along the inner side of the steam turbine housing at a second point along the axial extent behind the first point.
  • a pair of a guide blade row and a rotor blade row is also called a blade stage.
  • the housing shell of a steam turbine of this type can be formed from a number of housing segments.
  • the housing shell of the steam turbine is understood as being, in particular, the stationary housing component of a steam turbine or of a part turbine, which housing component has an interior along the longitudinal direction of the steam turbine in the form of a flow channel which is provided for the working medium in the form of steam to flow through.
  • this can be an inner housing and/or a guide blade carrier which does not have an inner housing or a guide blade carrier.
  • the previously known cooling methods for a steam turbine housing provide, insofar as they are active cooling methods at all, at any rate targeted incident flow of a separate turbine part to be cooled, and are restricted to the inflow region of the working medium, at any rate with incorporation of the first guide blade ring.
  • this can lead to increased thermal loading which acts on the entire turbine and could be reduced only insufficiently by an above-described customary cooling arrangement of the housing.
  • Steam turbines which operate in principle with higher steam parameters in order to achieve higher degrees of efficiency require improved cooling, in particular of the housing and/or of the rotor, in order to compensate to a sufficient extent for higher thermal loading of the steam turbine.
  • valve connection itself to withstand high temperatures and high pressures.
  • the seal is configured as a piston ring, which leads to rapid and inexpensive manufacture of the steam turbine according to the invention.
  • the steam turbine comprises a valve for feeding steam into the flow channel, cooling channels being formed in the valve connection which are connected in terms of flow to the first pressure space.
  • the cooling channels are advantageously connected in terms of flow to the third pressure space.
  • the invention proceeds from the concept that inherent cooling of components is possible, in which a targeted pressure flow is made possible or is forced via different pressure levels.
  • the pressure in the first pressure space is thus greater than the pressure in the third pressure space.
  • the cooling channels which are arranged in such a way that they flow around temperature-loaded components are accordingly flowed around forcibly by cooler steam. The consequence is that a considerable increase in the cooling effect for components of the valve connection is possible. Said cooling effect is achieved by virtue of the fact that the third pressure space is connected directly to the thrust compensating piston pre-space.
  • the cooling channels are advantageously arranged between a valve diffuser and the outer housing.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a steam turbine according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view, in a section through the inflow of the steam turbine according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a steam turbine 1 .
  • the steam turbine 1 has an outer housing 2 and an inner housing 3 .
  • the inner housing 3 and the outer housing 2 have a fresh steam feed channel which is described in greater detail in FIG. 2 .
  • a rotor 5 which has a thrust compensating piston 4 is arranged in a rotationally mounted manner within the inner housing 3 .
  • the rotor is usually configured so as to be rotationally symmetrical about a rotational axis 6 .
  • the rotor 5 comprises a plurality of rotor blades 7 .
  • the inner housing 3 has a plurality of guide blades 8 .
  • a flow channel 9 is formed between the inner housing 3 and the rotor 5 .
  • the flow channel 9 comprises a plurality of blade stages which are formed in each case from a row of rotor blades 7 and a row of guide blades 8 .
  • Fresh steam flows via the fresh steam feed channel into an inflow opening 10 and flows from there in a flow direction 11 through the flow channel 9 which extends substantially parallel to the rotational axis 6 .
  • the fresh steam expands and cools in the process.
  • Thermal energy is converted in the process into rotational energy.
  • the rotor 5 is set in a rotational movement and can drive, for example, a generator for electric power generation.
  • the thrust compensating piston 4 is usually configured in such a way that a thrust compensating piston pre-space 12 is formed and is loaded with a defined pressure.
  • the thrust compensating piston pre-space 12 is upstream of the thrust compensating piston 4 as viewed in the flow direction 11 .
  • a counterforce which counteracts a thrust force 13 of the blade path is produced by steam having a particular pressure being fed into the thrust compensating piston pre-space 12 .
  • the fresh steam flows into the inflow opening 10 .
  • the fresh steam feed is shown symbolically by the arrow 13 a.
  • the fresh steam usually has temperature values of, for example, up to 625° C. and a pressure of up to 350 bar.
  • the fresh steam flows through the flow channel 9 in the flow direction 11 .
  • the steam flows into the thrust compensating piston pre-space 12 via a connection which comprises an outward channel 14 , a first pressure space 15 and a feed channel 16 .
  • the steam flows into the first pressure space 15 which is formed between the inner housing 3 and the outer housing 2 via an outward channel 14 which is formed as a communicating tube between a first pressure space 15 and the flow channel 9 after a blade stage.
  • a pressure of p 1 prevails in said first pressure space 15 .
  • the steam which is situated in the first pressure space 15 between the inner housing 3 and the outer housing 2 then has lower temperature and pressure values.
  • Said steam flows via a feed channel 16 which is formed as a communicating tube between the first pressure space 15 and the thrust compensating piston pre-space 12 .
  • the thrust compensating piston pre-space 12 is arranged in an axial direction 17 between the thrust compensating piston 4 and the inner housing 3 .
  • the thrust compensating piston pre-space 12 can also be called a second pressure space.
  • a pressure p 2 prevails in said second pressure space.
  • a smaller part flows as leakage steam into a leak sealing space 18 .
  • This leak sealing space 18 is formed between the inner housing 3 and the rotor 5 .
  • the leakage steam flows substantially in a counterdirection 19 .
  • the counterdirection 19 is oriented in the opposite direction to the flow direction 11 .
  • the leakage steam flows into the flow channel 9 via a crosswise return channel 20 which as a communicating tube between the sealing space 18 , which is formed between the rotor 5 and the housing 3 , and an inflow space 26 which is arranged after a blade stage.
  • the crosswise return channel 20 is formed substantially perpendicularly from the sealing space 18 toward the first pressure space 15 , substantially parallel after a deflection 21 and substantially perpendicularly after a second deflection 22 , without, however, connecting the sealing space 18 to the first pressure space 15 .
  • the inner housing 3 and the outer housing 2 can be configured with an overload inflow line 23 (not shown in greater detail). External steam flows into the overload inflow line 23 via a separate inflow.
  • the outward channel 14 is connected to the flow channel 9 after a return blade stage 24 and the crosswise return channel 20 is connected to the flow channel 9 after a crosswise return blade stage 25 .
  • the crosswise return blade stage 25 is arranged after the return blade stage 24 in the flow direction 11 of the flow channel 9 , with regard to expansion of the steam.
  • the return blade stage 24 is the fourth blade stage and the crosswise return blade stage 25 is the fifth blade stage.
  • a seal 27 is arranged between the inner housing 3 and the outer housing 2 in the region of the thrust compensating piston 4 .
  • Said seal 27 is configured appropriately for example as a piston ring and is arranged in a groove 28 in the inner housing 3 .
  • the seal 27 separates the first pressure space 15 from a third pressure space 29 .
  • a pressure p 3 prevails in the third pressure space 29 .
  • the pressure p 3 can be approximately equal to the pressure p 1 .
  • a further seal 30 delimits the third pressure space 29 .
  • the further seal 30 is arranged between the inner housing 3 and the outer housing 2 and separates the third pressure space 29 from the fourth pressure space 31 , in which the pressure p 4 prevails.
  • the third pressure space 29 is connected via a direct connection 32 to the thrust compensating piston pre-space 12 .
  • the pressure p 2 prevails in the thrust compensating piston pre-space, wherein p 2 ⁇ p 3 .
  • the connection 32 represents a flow connection and makes it possible that steam which is situated in the third pressure space 29 can flow into the thrust compensating piston pre-space 12 .
  • the steam present in the fourth pressure space 31 flows in the inner housing end region 33 onto a thrust compensating piston surface 34 of the thrust compensating piston 4 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the steam turbine 1 in a section through an inflow 35 .
  • the inflow 35 comprises a valve diffuser 36 .
  • Fresh steam flows from the valve diffuser 36 into the inflow opening 10 and from there, as described with respect to FIG. 1 , through the flow channel 9 .
  • the steam which has flowed into the first pressure space 15 can flow partially into an annular cooling channel 37 which is formed between the valve diffuser 36 and the outer housing 2 .
  • the steam flows via a further cooling channel 39 in the outer housing 2 to the third pressure space 29 . From the third pressure space 29 , the steam flows via the connection 32 into the thrust compensating piston pre-space 12 .
  • valve diffuser 36 is arranged sealingly on the inner housing 3 .
  • Contactless sealing elements such as sealing bands, which realize pressure dissipation and separation of the pressure spaces are usually arranged between the rotor 5 and the inner housing 3 in the region of the thrust compensating piston 4 , in particular in the leakage sealing space 19 and a second leakage sealing space 41 .
  • a return of the steam is necessary from the thrust compensating piston pre-space 12 via the partial region of the sealing space 18 , further via the crosswise return channel 20 to the inflow space 26 in the flow channel 9 .
US14/236,396 2011-08-04 2012-08-01 Steam turbine comprising a thrust balance piston Abandoned US20140199161A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11176574A EP2554789A1 (de) 2011-08-04 2011-08-04 Dampfturbine umfassend einen Schubausgleichskolben
EP11176574.9 2011-08-04
PCT/EP2012/065065 WO2013017634A1 (de) 2011-08-04 2012-08-01 Dampfturbine umfassend einen schubausgleichskolben

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20140199161A1 true US20140199161A1 (en) 2014-07-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/236,396 Abandoned US20140199161A1 (en) 2011-08-04 2012-08-01 Steam turbine comprising a thrust balance piston

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20140199161A1 (ja)
EP (2) EP2554789A1 (ja)
JP (1) JP5756886B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN103717838B (ja)
IN (1) IN2014DN00164A (ja)
WO (1) WO2013017634A1 (ja)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130098037A1 (en) * 2011-10-20 2013-04-25 Dresser-Rand Company Advanced super-critical co2 expander-generator
US10436030B2 (en) 2014-08-20 2019-10-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Steam turbine and method for operating a steam turbine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013219771B4 (de) 2013-09-30 2016-03-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dampfturbine
EP3130748A1 (de) * 2015-08-14 2017-02-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rotorkühlung für eine dampfturbine
CN109162772B (zh) * 2018-11-06 2024-03-19 上海电气电站设备有限公司 一种汽轮机及其内冷却方法

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2304994A (en) * 1941-06-20 1942-12-15 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Turbine cylinder cooling
US2524724A (en) * 1948-10-07 1950-10-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Turbine apparatus
US2796231A (en) * 1954-03-24 1957-06-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp High pressure steam turbine casing structure
US4661043A (en) * 1985-10-23 1987-04-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Steam turbine high pressure vent and seal system
US6036433A (en) * 1998-06-29 2000-03-14 General Electric Co. Method of balancing thrust loads in steam turbines
EP1035301A1 (de) * 1999-03-08 2000-09-13 Asea Brown Boveri AG Ausgleichskolben für den axialen Schubausgleich einer Welle von einer Turbine
EP1624155A1 (de) * 2004-08-02 2006-02-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dampfturbine und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Dampfturbine
JP4455254B2 (ja) * 2004-09-30 2010-04-21 株式会社東芝 蒸気タービンおよびこれを備える蒸気タービンプラント
EP1780376A1 (de) * 2005-10-31 2007-05-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dampfturbine
DE102008022966B4 (de) * 2008-05-09 2014-12-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rotationsmaschine
EP2410128A1 (de) * 2010-07-21 2012-01-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Interne Kühlung für eine Strömungsmaschine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130098037A1 (en) * 2011-10-20 2013-04-25 Dresser-Rand Company Advanced super-critical co2 expander-generator
US8893499B2 (en) * 2011-10-20 2014-11-25 Dresser-Rand Company Advanced super-critical CO2 expander-generator
US10436030B2 (en) 2014-08-20 2019-10-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Steam turbine and method for operating a steam turbine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013017634A1 (de) 2013-02-07
EP2718545B1 (de) 2016-03-02
CN103717838A (zh) 2014-04-09
JP2014521872A (ja) 2014-08-28
IN2014DN00164A (ja) 2015-05-22
EP2718545A1 (de) 2014-04-16
CN103717838B (zh) 2016-02-17
EP2554789A1 (de) 2013-02-06
JP5756886B2 (ja) 2015-07-29

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AS Assignment

Owner name: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HOLDER, MARTINA;LENZ, CHRISTIAN;PIEPER, NORBERT;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20140108 TO 20140120;REEL/FRAME:032104/0111

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO PAY ISSUE FEE