US20120159931A1 - Exhaust system and heating-up method - Google Patents

Exhaust system and heating-up method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120159931A1
US20120159931A1 US13/326,077 US201113326077A US2012159931A1 US 20120159931 A1 US20120159931 A1 US 20120159931A1 US 201113326077 A US201113326077 A US 201113326077A US 2012159931 A1 US2012159931 A1 US 2012159931A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
catalytic converter
cat
oxicat
exhaust gas
fuel mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/326,077
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English (en)
Inventor
Harald Bressler
Dirk Heilig
Björn Damson
Andreas Fath
Tobias Ohrnberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bosch Emission Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Bosch Emission Systems GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bosch Emission Systems GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Bosch Emission Systems GmbH and Co KG
Assigned to BOSCH EMISSION SYSTEMS GMBH & CO. KG reassignment BOSCH EMISSION SYSTEMS GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FATH, ANDREAS, HEILIG, DIRK, DAMSON, BJORN, OHRNBERGER, TOBIAS, BRESSLER, HARALD
Publication of US20120159931A1 publication Critical patent/US20120159931A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust system for a combustion engine, particularly of a vehicle, having the features of the preamble of Claim 1 .
  • the invention additionally relates to a method for the heating-up of a particle filter in an exhaust system of a combustion engine, particularly a vehicle.
  • an exhaust system which upstream of an oxidation catalytic converter, oxicat in brief, comprises an electrically heatable catalytic converter, so-called E-cat, wherein in addition a fuel injector is arranged upstream of the E-cat.
  • a NOX-storage catalytic converter, NOX-storage cat in brief, is additionally arranged between the E-cat and the oxicat.
  • a bypass which bypasses the arrangement of fuel injector, E-cat ad NOX-storage cat and re-enters upstream of the oxicat is provided with the known exhaust system. With deactivated bypass, the entire exhaust gas flow flows through the E-cat and the oxicat.
  • the E-cat can be heated electrically to the extent that reaches its minimum operating temperature or light-off temperature.
  • fuel can be injected into the exhaust gas flow upstream of the E-cat with the fuel injector, which is converted in the E-cat.
  • the highly exothermic reaction that occurs in the process generates hot exhaust gases, with the help of which the NOX-storage cat can be regenerated.
  • an exhaust system which downstream of an oxidation catalytic converter or oxicat includes a particle filter, wherein downstream of the particle filter an SCR-catalytic converter is additionally arranged.
  • a reduction agent metering device Upstream of the SCR-catalytic converter a reduction agent metering device is arranged, with the help of which a reduction agent can be injected into the exhaust gas flow between the particle filter and the SCR-catalytic converter. Furthermore, a bypass for bypassing the SCR-catalytic converter is provided.
  • particle filters are used in order to filter particles such as for example soot out of the exhaust flow of the diesel engine.
  • Such particle filters have to be regenerated from time to time, which is regularly performed in that the particle charge is burnt off.
  • the particle filter has to be heated until its particle charge self-ignites, the so-called light-off.
  • the exhaust temperature in many operating states of the combustion engine remains below the required light-off temperature, so that it is not easily possible to regenerate the particle filter at the desired point of time.
  • an oxidation catalytic converter in the exhaust line and introduce fuel into the exhaust gas upstream of the oxidation catalytic converter.
  • the oxidation catalytic converter has its minimum operating temperature, it can convert the fuel carried along in the exhaust gas, which leads to a highly exothermic reaction that generates hot exhaust gas, with the help of which the particle filter can be heated up to the regeneration temperature.
  • the exhaust temperature is not adequate to heat the oxidation catalytic converter up to its minimum operating temperature.
  • an electrically heatable catalytic converter instead of a conventional oxidation catalytic converter which can be electrically heated up to its minimum operating temperature. The energy expenditure required for this purpose however is extremely high, which greatly impairs the ecological balance of the combustion engine.
  • the present invention now deals with the problem of stating an improved embodiment for a method for the heating-up of a particle filter for an exhaust system of the type mentioned at the outset, which is more preferably characterized in that a reliable heating-up of the particle filter can be realised with comparatively low energy requirement.
  • the invention is based on the general idea of arranging an oxidation catalytic converter (oxicat) in an exhaust system having a particle filter upstream thereof and to additionally arrange an electrically heatable catalytic converter (E-cat) upstream of said oxicat and additionally provide a fuel injector (HCI) upstream of said E-cat.
  • oxicat oxidation catalytic converter
  • E-cat electrically heatable catalytic converter
  • HCI fuel injector
  • the proposed design results in that although the fuel is being fed to the entire exhaust flow, only a part of the exhaust-fuel mixture flows through the E-cat while the rest of this mixture flows through the bypass, thus bypassing the E-cat.
  • the E-cat dimensioned for the small part-exhaust gas flow can be heated up to its minimum operating temperature with comparatively little electric energy, so that with comparatively little energy expenditure the fuel in the part exhaust gas flow can be exothermically converted.
  • the hot exhaust gases of the E-cat which develop in the process intermix with the remaining gas flow upstream of the oxicat and lead to a heating-up of the oxicat.
  • the oxicat can then exothermically convert the fuel carried along in the remaining exhaust gas flow, as a result of which the temperature in the exhaust gas is further increased, which results in the desired heating-up of the following particle filter.
  • the fundamental idea of the present invention thus consists in heating up only a part flow of the exhaust gas-fuel mixture with the help of an E-cat, so that the E-cat can be dimensioned significantly smaller and thereby consumes significantly less energy than an E-cat that is designed for the entire exhaust gas flow.
  • the E-cat is designed for an exhaust gas flow rate that is between 30% and 70%, preferentially approximately at 50% of the exhaust gas flow rate for which the oxicat is designed.
  • the E-cat and the oxicat can be arranged in a common exhaust pipe or in a common housing in which the bypass path is also formed. Because of this, a compact design is achieved which additionally makes a contribution that allows the heat to rapidly spread within the components.
  • the bypass path can be throttled in order to make possible or control the flow through the E-cat.
  • a flow mixing device can be arranged between E-cat and oxicat, which shortens the required mixing section and thus supports the achievement of a compact design.
  • At least one additional oxidation catalytic converter can be arranged between E-cat and oxicat so that the bypass path bypasses the E-cat and the at least one additional oxicat.
  • the at least one additional oxicat can be designed for a smaller exhaust gas flow rate than the previously mentioned oxicat, which in the following can also be called main oxicat.
  • the E-cat in turn is designed for a smaller exhaust gas flow rate than the additional oxicat. With this design, only a very small exhaust gas flow rate is captured with the help of the E-cat in order to convert the fuel carried along therein.
  • the hot exhaust gases resulting from this are mixed with a further part exhaust gas flow which only bypasses the E-cat via the additional bypass path in order to heat up the additional oxicat so far as to convert therein the fuel of this part flow. Only after the additional oxicat does the intermixing with the remaining exhaust gas flow, which via the (main) bypass path bypasses both the E-cat as well as the additional oxicat, take place. The conversion of the remaining fuel then takes place in the main oxicat in order to be subsequently able to heat up the particle filer with the hot exhaust gas of the main oxicat.
  • the additional oxicat can be designed for an exhaust gas flow rate which is at approximately 30% to 70%, preferentially at approximately 50% of the exhaust gas flow rate for which the main oxicat is designed.
  • E-cat, main oxicat and the at least one additional oxicat can be arranged in a common exhaust pipe or housing, in which the main bypass path and the at least one additional bypass path are also formed.
  • a compact design with improved heat transfer is supported.
  • At least one separating wall can be provided which separates the main bypass path from the at least one additional bypass path.
  • the main bypass path can be throttled.
  • the additional bypass path can be throttled.
  • a flow mixing device can be arranged between E-cat and additional oxicat.
  • a flow mixing device can be arranged between additional oxicat and main oxicat.
  • the method for the heating-up of the particle filter proposed according to the invention thus works in such a manner that initially fuel is injected into a flow of engine exhaust gas transported in the exhaust system in order to form an engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture in this manner. Subsequently, a part flow of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture is converted in the E-cat in order to form a catalytic converter waste gas in this manner. This catalytic converter waste gas is then fed to the residual flow of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture in order to form a catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture. This catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture can then be converted in the oxidation catalytic converter in order to form a catalytic converter waste gas for heating-up the particle filter.
  • the residual flow of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture can be conducted past the E-cat. It is particularly practical here to conduct the residual flow of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture past the E-cat in a heat transferring manner so that the heat from the E-cat is transferred to the residual flow of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture.
  • a further part flow of the exhaust gas-fuel mixture is admixed to the catalytic converter waste gas originating from the E-cat in order to form a catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture.
  • This catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture is then converted in the mentioned additional oxidation catalytic converter in order to form a further catalytic converter waste gas.
  • This further catalytic converter waste gas is then admixed to the residual flow of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture so as to form a further catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture.
  • this further catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture is converted in the main oxidation catalytic converter in order to form a catalytic converter waste gas for heating-up the particle filter.
  • the residual flow of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture can also be conducted past the E-cat and/or the additional oxidation catalytic converter in a heat-transferring manner so that the heat from the E-cat and/or from the additional oxidation catalytic converter is transferred to the residual flow of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 in each case a highly simplified schematic representation of an exhaust system in the form of a circuit diagram with different embodiments.
  • an exhaust system 1 comprises a particle filter 2 and upstream thereof an oxidation catalytic converter 3 , which in the following can also be called oxicat 3 or main oxidation catalytic converter 3 or main oxicat 3 .
  • the exhaust system 1 upstream of the main oxicat 3 the exhaust system 1 additionally comprises an electrically heatable catalytic converter 4 , which in the following is also called E-cat 4 .
  • the exhaust system 1 is equipped with a fuel injector 5 , which can also be called HC injector 5 or HCI 5 . With the help of the HC injector 5 , fuel 6 can be injected into the exhaust gas flow.
  • the exhaust system 1 serves for discharging exhaust gases of a combustion engine 7 , which can be arranged in a vehicle.
  • the exhaust system 1 introduced here additionally contains a bypass path 8 , which bypasses the E-cat 4 and in the following can also be called main bypass path 8 .
  • the main bypass path 8 commences between the fuel injector 5 and the E-cat 4 and ends between the E-cat 4 and the main oxicat 3 .
  • the E-cat 4 is designed for a smaller exhaust gas flow rate than the main oxicat 3 . In operation, the E-cat is only subjected to the throughflow of a part flow of the engine exhaust gas generated by the combustion engine 7 , while the residual engine exhaust gas flows through the main bypass path 8 and bypasses the E-cat 4 .
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 differ from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that additionally to the E-cat 4 and to the main oxicat 3 an additional oxidation catalytic converter 9 is provided, which in the following can also be called additional oxicat 9 .
  • the additional oxicat 9 in this case is fluidically arranged between the E-cat 4 and the main oxicat 3 .
  • the additional oxicat 9 is positioned so that the main bypass path also bypasses the additional oxicat 9 and thus ends between the additional oxicat 9 and the main oxicat 3 .
  • an additional bypass path 10 is provided with these embodiments, which bypasses the E-cat 4 and to this end commences upstream of the E-cat 4 and ends between the E-cat 4 and the additional oxicat 9 .
  • the additional oxicat 9 is designed for a smaller exhaust gas flow rate than the main oxicat 3 .
  • the E-cat 4 with these embodiments is designed for a smaller exhaust gas flow rate than the additional oxicat 9 .
  • the additional bypass path 10 with the embodiments of FIGS. 2 to 4 is realised with the help of a separating wall 11 , which divides the main bypass path 8 so that the additional bypass path 10 ultimately represents a branch-off of the main bypass path 8 .
  • the E-cat 4 and the main oxicat 3 can also be arranged in a common exhaust pipe 12 .
  • the additional oxicat 9 can also be accommodated in this common exhaust pipe 12 .
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment wherein the E-cat 4 , additional oxicat 9 and main oxicat 3 are accommodated in a common housing 13 .
  • the main bypass path 8 can be throttled.
  • a corresponding throttling point 14 is formed in FIG. 3 by a flow baffle.
  • the additional bypass path 10 can also be practically throttled.
  • a corresponding throttling point 15 is likewise indicated by a flow baffle in FIG. 3 .
  • a flow mixing device 16 can be arranged downstream of the end of the main bypass path 8 which in the example of FIG. 3 is formed by a flow guiding element.
  • a flow mixing device 17 which is arranged downstream of the end of the additional bypass path 10 and which is represented in FIG. 3 by a flow guiding element, can also be arranged between the E-cat 4 and the additional oxicat 9 .
  • the throttling points 14 , 15 and/or the flow mixing devices 16 , 17 are only shown exemplarily in FIG. 3 . It is clear that such throttling points and/or flow mixing devices can also be realised in corresponding manner with the other embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 and 4 .
  • the mentioned catalytic converter waste gas 21 is admixed to the residual flow 22 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 so as to form a catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 23 .
  • This catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 23 is converted in the oxicat 3 in order to form a catalytic converter waste gas 24 with which the particle filter 2 can be heated up.
  • the bypass path 8 is practically coupled in a heat transferring manner to the E-cat so that the residual flow 22 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 is preheated while flowing through the bypass path 8 .
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 operates as follows for heating-up the particle filter 2 .
  • fuel 6 is again injected into the engine exhaust gas 18 in order to obtain the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 .
  • a part flow 20 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 is again conducted through the E-cat 4 and converted therein in order to form the catalytic converter waste gas 21 .
  • a further part flow 25 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 in the process bypasses only the E-cat 4 in the additional bypass path 10 while the residual flow 22 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 bypasses the E-cat 4 and the additional oxicat 9 .
  • the catalytic converter waste gas 21 formed in the E-cat 4 is supplied with the further part flow 25 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 in order to form a catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 26 , which is subsequently converted in the additional oxicat 9 .
  • a further catalytic converter waste gas 27 is formed, which is mixed with the residual flow 22 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 so as to form a further catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 28 .
  • This further catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 28 is converted in the main oxicat 3 in order to form the hot catalytic converter waste gas 24 , with the help of which the particle filter 2 can be heated up.
  • the arrangement of E-cat 4 and additional oxicat 9 as well as of the bypass paths 8 , 10 is made within the exhaust pipe 2 or within the housing 13 so that on the one hand the additional bypass path 10 is coupled to the E-cat 4 in a heat transferring manner so that the further part flow 25 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 can be preheated.
  • the main bypass path 8 can also be coupled to the E-cat 4 and to the additional oxicat 9 in a heat-transferring manner so that the residual flow 22 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 can likewise be preheated.
  • a porous evaporation wall 29 is additionally arranged in the housing 13 , mainly upstream of the main oxicat 3 and downstream of the additional oxicat 9 .
  • the porous evaporation wall 29 on the one hand, according to FIG. 4 from the left, is subjected to an onflow by the residual flow 22 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 and on the other hand, according to FIG. 4 from the right to left, subjected to a through-flow by catalytic converter waste gas 27 which comes from the additional oxicat 9 .
  • the fuel carried along in the residual flow 22 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 can precipitate and re-evaporate.
  • the evaporation heat required for this purpose then originates from the catalytic converter waste gas 27 , which flows through the evaporation wall 29 . Downstream of the evaporation wall 29 the mixture formation additionally takes place since the catalytic converter waste gas 27 flows through the evaporation wall 29 and intermixes with the residual flow 22 to the catalytic converter waste gas-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 28 on the outflow side.
  • the evaporation wall 29 would have to be arranged between oxicat 3 and E-cat 4 . It would then be again subjected to an onflow of residual flow 22 of the engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 19 on a first side and to a through-flow of catalytic converter waste gas 21 of the E-cat 4 coming from a second side. On the first side, the catalytic converter-engine exhaust gas-fuel mixture 23 would then form again which flows to the oxicat 3 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
US13/326,077 2010-12-23 2011-12-14 Exhaust system and heating-up method Abandoned US20120159931A1 (en)

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DE102010064020A DE102010064020B4 (de) 2010-12-23 2010-12-23 Abgasanlage und Aufheizverfahren
DE102010064020.4 2010-12-23

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DE102020100465B4 (de) 2020-01-10 2022-02-03 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung eines Verbrennungsmotors sowie Abgasnachbehandlungssystem
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